Động từ nguyên mẫu

ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU A GIỚI THIỆU: Động từ nguyên mẫu có dạng TO VERB/ VERB - To V: To work, to smth - To be V-ing: To be working - To have P2: To have worked - To have been V-ing: To have been working - Bị động: o To be P2: To be done o To have been P2: To have been done B CHỨC NĂNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU To become a teacher is my dream To help you is my duty Làm chủ ngữ Làm vị ngữ To know all about English is one thing, to know Englishis quite another To have made the same mistake twice is unforgivable My dream is to become a teacher I have to help him They ought to make that mistake C CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ ĐI VỚI NGUYÊN MẪU “To infinitive” dùng làm tân ngữ cho động từ như: AGREE/ AIM/ APPEAR/ ATTEMPT/ CARE/ CHOOSE/ CLAIM/ DECIDE / DEMAND/ BE DETERMINED TO DO/ FAIL TO DO/ FORGET/ REMEMBER/ HAPPEN TO V/ TURN OUT TO BE/ HESITATE/ HOPE/ WANT/ WISH TO V/ LEARN/ MANAGE TO V/ PRETEND TO/ PROMISE/ REFUSE/ SEEM/ TEND/ SWEAR/ THREATEN/ TRY/ REGRET/ STOP “To infinitive” dùng theo cấu trúc : V + O + to infinitive: REQUIRE/ REQUEST/ DEMAND/ ASK/ ALLOW/ PERMIT/ BEG/ WANT/ ADVISE/ ENCOURAGE/ FORCE/ PERSUADE/ REMIND/ ORDER/ TEACH/ TELL/ URGE/ WARN Ex: Why did he advise you to visit Halong Bay? I told him to be patient “To infinitive” dùng theo cấu trúc:  Be about to sth = be going to sth= chuẩn bị làm The man is about to step on the boat  Be + adj + to V I’m happy to teach you It’s nice to meet you  Be + P2 + To V He require me to this job  I was required to that job  Find it + adj + To V = Find that it + be = thấy để làm I find it difficult to learn new words = I find that it is difficult to learn new words  Try one’s best to sth/ one’s best to Sth  Make an efford/ attempt= cố gắng  Decide= make up one’s mind to + V= Quyết định làm  How + to V He accidentally discovered how to open the safe Anh ta tình cờ khám phá cách để mở két  What + To V: I don’t know what to say Tôi phải nói  Where/ when/ whether I don’t know where to go Tôi phải đâu I don’t know when to turn the lights off Tôi khơng biết tắt đèn I wonder whether to leave or to stay Tôi tự hỏi liệu nên hay  Decide/ learn/ remember “To infinitive” dùng cấu trúc câu bị động “He is an honest man” They said  He was said to be an honest man “ He is living in Hanoi” They believe  He is believed to be living in Hanoi “ He stole my camera” She said  He was said to have stolen her camera BÀI TẬP BÀI TẬP 1: CHO DẠNG ĐÚNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ TRONG NGOẶC Bill agreed (to meet) _us at the restaurant at 8:30, but he never showed up Our art teacher encouraged (to try) _with different colors Dana hopes (to save) enough money to travel around Europe for three months It's her dream Constance plans (to take) _part in the marathon next spring The doctor advised (to see) _a specialist about the problem After the tsunami, Bette chose (to stay) _in Indonesia and work with relief organization She waited (to buy) _a movie ticket The doctor encouraged his patients (to eat) _healthy food My flat is easy (to find) _ 10 We plan (to go) _to Europe this summer BÀI TẬP 2: CHỌN ĐÁP ÁN ĐÚNG CHO MỖI CÂU SAU: I am planning Da Lat next week A visit B visiting C visited D to visit I must go now I promised _ late A not being B not to be C not being D won’t be Suddenly he stopped the car in order A smoke B to smoke C smoking D smoked It was late, so we decided a taxi home A to take B taken C taking D take How old were you when you learnt _? A how to drive B how drive C how driving D how driven She always encourages her son harder A to study B studied C study D studying Don’t forget the letter I gave you A to post B posting C post D posted We expect him tomorrow A arrive B arriving C to arrive D will arrive I tried _the bus, but I missed it A catch B catching C to catch D caught 10 Remember _Lan a present because today is her birthday A send B sending C to send D sent 11 We were allowed _ photographs in this room A sell B to sell C selling D sold 12 Would you like to my birthday party? A coming B come C came D to come KEY BÀI TẬP 1: CHO DẠNG ĐÚNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ TRONG NGOẶC to meet to try to save to take to see BÀI TẬP 2: CHỌN ĐÁP ÁN ĐÚNG CHO MỖI CÂU SAU: D B B A A A A C C 10 C 11 B 12 D to stay to buy to eat to find 10 to go ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU A CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐI VỚI “ TO INFINITIVE” It is + adj (of sb) to sth = Sb is adj to sth It is kind of you to help me = You are kind to help me TO V mục đích để làm I learn TOEIC to/ in order to/ so as to get a good job I come here to get some information Thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ: The only/ The last/ The first/ The second…+ TO V She is the only person in her village who studied abroad  She is the only person in her village to study abroad They are the first to leave all their money to charity Neil Amstrong was the first man to set foot on the moon TOO…TO V/ ENOUGH…TO V He is short, he can’t become a pilot  He is too short to become a pilot  He isn’t tall enough to become a pilot Sau danh từ: Ability / ambition / anxiety/ attempt/decision/ desire/ determination/ eagerness/ effort/ failure/ offer/ plan/ promise/ refusal/ wish/ willingness This competition nurses their ambition to become successful businessmen Cuộc thi nuôi dưỡng tham vọng họ để trở thành người thương nhân thành công His failure to comply with traffic regulation led to a fine of $50 Việc không tuân theo luật lệ giao thông dẫn đến khoản phạt $50 Lược bỏ bớt động từ Why are you learning so hard? I have to because I am having an exam tomorrow Rút gọn lời mời Would you like to join us tonight? Yes, I’d love to Tránh lặp lại từ She wished to become a teacher but she wasn’t able to I feel lonely and want someone to talk to Đại từ bất định + TO V There wasn’t anything to buy The main thing to remember is to learn new words B CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐI VỚI “ BARE INFINITIVE” Dùng sau động từ khuyết thiếu MODEL VERBS : CAN, COULD, SHOULD,… I must speak to the manager It might rain later Had better/ would rather sth than do= should + INF You’d better go to bed early I’d rather play tennis than go to the cinema LET/ MAKE/ HAVE/ HELP + SB DO STH LET SB DI STH = ALLOW/PERMIT SB TO DO= CHO PHÉP She let me go out = I was allowed to go out MAKE SB DO STH Don’t make him too many exercises Đừng bắt làm nhiều tập HAVE SB DO STH = GET SB TO DO= nhờ làm I have my brother clean the floor HELP SB DO/TO DO STH I help him do/ to his homework Các động từ tri giác: SEE/ HEAR/ FEEL/ WATCH/ CATCH SB DO STH # SEE/ HEAR/ FEEL/ WATCH/ CATCH SB DOING STH When I came into the room, I saw her reading my diary (đang đọc) Khi tơi vào phòng, tơi bắt gặp đọc nhật kí tơi When I was on the bus this morning, I saw a thief steal her wallet (chứng kiến trọn vẹn hành động) Khi xe bus sang nay, thấy tên trộm lấy ví I often hear Minh tell his stories (nghe hết câu chuyện) BÀI TẬP BÀI TẬP 1: CHO DẠNG ĐÚNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ TRONG NGOẶC He made me (do) it all over again She can (sing) quite well He will be able (swim) very soon You ought (go) today It may (rain) tomorrow I want (see) the house where our president was born He made her (repeat) the message May I (use) your phone? He should (know) how (use) the film projector, but if he doesn't had better (show) him If you want (get) there before dark you should (start) at once 10 I couldn't (remember) his address 11 You'll be able (do) it yourself when you are older 12 Would you like (go) now or shall we (wait) till the end? 13 They won't let us (leave) the Customs shed till our luggage has been examined 14 I used (smoke) forty cigarettes a day 15 Will you help me (move) the bookcase? 16 He wouldn't let my baby (play) with his gold watch 17 They refused (accept) the bribe 18 Please let me (know) your decision as soon as possible 19 He made us (wait) for hours 20 Could you (tell) me the time, please? 21 We must (send) him a telegram 22 I let him (go) early as he wanted (meet) his wife 23 Where would you like (have) lunch? 24 You can (leave) your dog with us if you don't (want) (take) him with you 25 I'd like him (go) to a university but I can't (make) him (go) 26 We could (go) to a concert, unless you'd prefer (visit) a museum 27 You seem (know) this area very well ~Yes, I used (live) here 28 You can (take) a horse to water but you can't (make) him (drink) He saw them home late a arrive b to arrive c arrived d be arriving Before we leave, let’s have Shelley a map for us so we won’t get lost a draw b to draw c drawing d drawn It is possible to train across Canada a take b to take c taking d to be taken I can hear a cat at the window a scratches b to scratch c scratching d was scratching I think you mother should let you your own mind a make up b to make up c making up d made up I was delighted my old friends again a to see b seeing c saw d be seen I would rather to Elvis than The Beatles a listen b to listen c listening d be listened Can you manage the work by yourself? a finish b to finish c finishing d finished 10 These tables were too heavy a to move for us b for us to move c for us moving d moving for us KEY BÀI TẬP 1: CHO DẠNG ĐÚNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ TRONG NGOẶC Do Sing To swim To go- rain To see Repeat Use Know- to useshow To get 10 Remember 11 To BÀI TẬP 2: CHỌN ĐÁP ÁN ĐÚNG B B A B C 12 To go- wait 13 Leave 14 To smoke 15 Move/ to move 16 Play 17 To accept 18 Know 19 Wait 20 Tell 21 Send 22 Go 23 To have 10 24 Leave- want- to take 25 To go- make- go 26 Go- to visit 27 To know- to live 28 Take- make- drink 29 To be 30 Remember- look 31 Not to feed 32 See- to speak A A A B B ... ĐỘNG TỪ TRONG NGOẶC to meet to try to save to take to see BÀI TẬP 2: CHỌN ĐÁP ÁN ĐÚNG CHO MỖI CÂU SAU: D B B A A A A C C 10 C 11 B 12 D to stay to buy to eat to find 10 to go ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU... Lược bỏ bớt động từ Why are you learning so hard? I have to because I am having an exam tomorrow Rút gọn lời mời Would you like to join us tonight? Yes, I’d love to Tránh lặp lại từ She wished... someone to talk to Đại từ bất định + TO V There wasn’t anything to buy The main thing to remember is to learn new words B CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐI VỚI “ BARE INFINITIVE” Dùng sau động từ khuyết thiếu MODEL