Traffic engineering and qos optimization of integrated voice and data networks

Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of Integrated Voice & Data Networks The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Networking Series Editor, David Clark, M.I.T Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of Integrated Voice & Data Networks Gerald R Ash IPv6 Core Protocols Implementation Qing Li, Tatuya Jinmei, and Keiichi Shima Smart Phone and Next-Generation Mobile Computing Pei Zheng and Lionel Ni GMPLS: Architecture and Applications Adrian Farrel and Igor Bryskin Network Security: A Practical Approach Jan L Harrington Content Networking: Architecture, Protocols, and Practice Markus Hofmann and Leland R Beaumont Network Algorithmics: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Designing Fast Networked Devices George Varghese Network Recovery: Protection and Restoration of Optical, SONET-SDH, IP, and MPLS Jean Philippe Vasseur, Mario Pickavet, and Piet Demeester Routing, Flow, and Capacity Design in Communication and Computer Networks Michal Pi´oro and Deepankar Medhi Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach Feng Zhao and Leonidas Guibas Communication Networking: An Analytical Approach Anurag Kumar, D Manjunath, and Joy Kuri The Internet and Its Protocols: A Comparative Approach Adrian Farrel Modern Cable Television Technology: Video, Voice, and Data Communications, 2e Walter Ciciora, James Farmer, David Large, and Michael Adams Bluetooth Application Programming with the Java APIs C Bala Kumar, Paul J Kline, and Timothy J Thompson Policy-Based Network Management: Solutions for the Next Generation John Strassner Computer Networks: A Systems Approach, 3e Larry L Peterson and Bruce S Davie Network Architecture, Analysis, and Design, 2e James D McCabe MPLS Network Management: MIBs, Tools, and Techniques Thomas D Nadeau Developing IP-Based Services: Solutions for Service Providers and Vendors Monique Morrow and Kateel Vijayananda Telecommunications Law in the Internet Age Sharon K Black Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective, 2e Rajiv Ramaswami and Kumar N Sivarajan Internet QoS: Architectures and Mechanisms Zheng Wang TCP/IP Sockets in Java: Practical Guide for Programmers Michael J Donahoo and Kenneth L Calvert TCP/IP Sockets in C: Practical Guide for Programmers Kenneth L Calvert and Michael J Donahoo Multicast Communication: Protocols, Programming, and Applications Ralph Wittmann and Martina Zitterbart MPLS: Technology and Applications Bruce Davie and Yakov Rekhter High-Performance Communication Networks, 2e Jean Walrand and Pravin Varaiya Internetworking Multimedia Jon Crowcroft, Mark Handley, and Ian Wakeman Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course David G Messerschmitt Integrated Management of Networked Systems: Concepts, Architectures, and their Operational Application Heinz-Gerd Hegering, Sebastian Abeck, and Bernhard Neumair Virtual Private Networks: Making the Right Connection Dennis Fowler Networked Applications: A Guide to the New Computing Infrastructure David G Messerschmitt Wide Area Network Design: Concepts and Tools for Optimization Robert S Cahn For further information on these books and for a list of forthcoming titles, please visit our Web site at http://www.mkp.com Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of Integrated Voice & Data Networks Gerald R Ash Fellow and Senior Technical Consultant, AT&T Labs Acquisitions Editor Publishing Services Manager Production Editor Associate Acquisitions Editor Production Assistant Cover Design Composition Technical Illustration Copyeditor Proofreader Indexer Interior Printer Cover Printer Rick Adams George Morrison Dawnmarie Simpson Rachel Roumeliotis Melinda Ritchie Eric DeCicco Integra Software Services, Pvt Ltd Integra Software Services, Pvt Ltd Melissa Revelle Phyllis Coyne et al Proofreading Broccoli Information Management The Maple-Vail Book Manufacturing Group Phoenix Color Corporation Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is an imprint of Elsevier 500 Sansome Street, Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94111 This book is printed on acid-free paper ©2007 by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks or registered trademarks In all instances in which Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or all capital letters Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, scanning, or otherwise—without prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, E-mail: permissions@elsevier.com You may also complete your request online via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com), by selecting “Support & Contact” then “Copyright and Permission” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ash, Gerald R Traffic engineering and Qos optimization of integrated voice & data networks/Gerald R Ash p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN-13: 978-0-12-370625-6 (hardcover : alk paper) ISBN-10: 0-12-370625-4 (hardcover : alk paper) Telecommunication—Traffic—Management Computer networks—Quality control Internet telephony—Quality control I Title TK5105.8865.A84 2006 621.382 1—dc22 2006020078 ISBN 13: 978-0-12-370625-6 ISBN 10: 0-12-370625-4 For information on all Morgan Kaufmann publications, visit our Web site at www.mkp.com or www.books.elsevier.com Printed in the United States of America 06 07 08 09 10 Working together to grow libraries in developing countries www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org In memory of my parents, who gave me life and shaped who I am And dedicated to my wife, children, and grandchildren, who gave my life meaning, fulfillment, and joy This page intentionally left blank Contents Foreword xvii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxvii About the Author xxix Chapter Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization Models 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Terminology and Definitions 1.3 TQO Background and Motivation 1.4 TQO Functional Model 1.4.1 Traffic/Application Layer 1.4.2 MPLS LSPs/Layer 1.4.3 Logical Links/GMPLS LSPs/Layer 1.4.4 Physical Fiber Transport / Layer 1.4.5 Operational/Management Layer 1.5 TQO Design 1.5.1 TQO Design Problem Statement 1.5.1.1 Traffic/Application Layer Design 1.5.1.2 MPLS LSP Dynamic Routing and Bandwidth Allocation Layer Design 1.5.1.3 GMPLS LSP (Logical Link) Routing and Bandwidth Allocation Layer Design 1.5.1.4 Physical Fiber Transport/Layer Design 1.5.1.5 Operational/Management Layer Design 1.5.2 TQO Design Approach 1.5.2.1 Design and Operational Experience 1.5.2.2 Modeling, Analysis, and Case Studies 1.6 TQO Design and Operational Experience 1.6.1 Design and Operational Experience in Data Networks 1.6.1.1 Data Network Routing Layer Design/Operational Experience 1.6.1.2 Data Network Management Layer Design/Operational Experience 1 12 15 18 21 24 28 28 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 32 33 33 33 36 vii viii Contents 1.6.2 Design and Operational Experience in Voice Networks 1.6.2.1 Voice Network Routing Layer Design/Operational Experience 1.6.2.2 Voice Network Management Layer Design/Operational Experience 1.6.2.3 Benefits Derived from TQO Design/Operational Experience in Voice Networks 1.6.3 TQO Design Principles and Benefits Derived from Experience 1.7 Modeling, Analysis, and Case Studies 1.7.1 Analysis, Design, and Optimization Methods Used in Modeling Studies 1.7.1.1 Routing Design and Optimization Methods 1.7.1.2 Capacity Design and Optimization Methods 1.7.1.3 QoS and GoS Performance Measures 1.7.2 Key Results from Modeling Studies 1.8 Generic TQO (GTQO) Protocol and Benefits 1.9 Standards Needs to Realize GTQO Protocol Requirements 1.10 Conclusion and Applicability of Requirements Chapter Chapter Call/Session Routing and Connection Routing Methods 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Call/Session Routing Methods 2.3 Connection (Bearer-Path) Routing Methods 2.3.1 Hierarchical Fixed Routing Path Selection 2.3.2 Time-Dependent Routing Path Selection 2.3.3 State-Dependent Routing Path Selection 2.3.4 Event-Dependent Routing Path Selection 2.4 Internetwork Routing 2.5 Modeling of TQO Methods 2.5.1 Network Design Comparisons 2.5.2 Network Performance Comparisons 2.5.3 Single-Area Flat Topology vs Multiarea Two-Level Hierarchical Network Topology 2.5.4 Network Modeling Conclusions 2.6 Summary and Conclusions 2.7 Applicability of Requirements Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of MPLS-Based Integrated Voice/Data Dynamic Routing Networks 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Class-of-Service Routing 3.2.1 Class-of-Service Identification 3.2.2 Routing Table Derivation 3.2.3 Class-of-Service Routing Steps 37 37 41 43 47 48 49 49 50 51 52 52 55 56 59 59 61 63 68 69 72 75 75 78 89 91 93 95 97 98 99 99 106 106 107 109 Contents ix 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Chapter Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, Protection, and Reservation Principles 3.3.1 Per-VNET Bandwidth Allocation, Protection, and Reservation 3.3.1.1 Per-VNET Bandwidth Allocation/Reservation: Meshed Network Case 3.3.1.2 Per-VNET Bandwidth Allocation/Reservation: Sparse Network Case 3.3.2 Per-Flow Bandwidth Allocation, Protection, and Reservation 3.3.2.1 Per-Flow Bandwidth Allocation/Reservation: Meshed Network Case 3.3.2.2 Per-Flow Bandwidth Allocation/Reservation: Sparse Network Case Queuing Mechanisms Internetwork QoS Resource Management Modeling of TQO Methods 3.6.1 Performance of Bandwidth Reservation Methods 3.6.2 Per-VNET vs Per-Flow Bandwidth Allocation 3.6.3 Single-Area Flat Topology vs Multiarea Two-Level Hierarchical Flat Topology 3.6.4 Need for MPLS and DiffServ Summary and Conclusions Applicability of Requirements Routing Table Management Methods and Requirements 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Routing Table Management for IP-Based Networks 4.3 Routing Table Management for ATM-Based Networks 4.4 Routing Table Management for TDM-Based Networks 4.5 Signaling and Information Exchange Requirements 4.5.1 Call/Session Routing (Number Translation to Routing Address) Information-Exchange Parameters 4.5.2 Connection Routing Information-Exchange Parameters 4.5.3 QoS Resource Management Information-Exchange Parameters 4.5.4 Routing Table Management Information-Exchange Parameters 4.5.5 Harmonization of Information-Exchange Standards 4.5.6 Open Application Programming Interface (API) 4.6 Examples of Call/Session Setups 4.6.1 Time-Dependent Routing Call/Session Setup 4.6.2 Distributed Connection-by-Connection State-Dependent Routing (DC-SDR) Call/Session Setup 4.6.3 Centralized Periodic State-Dependent Routing (CP-SDR) Call/Session Setup 4.6.4 Event-Dependent Routing Call/Session Setup 110 113 117 119 121 121 124 125 126 128 128 130 131 134 136 137 139 139 142 148 150 152 154 155 156 157 159 159 160 160 161 162 163 .. .Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of Integrated Voice & Data Networks The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Networking Series Editor, David Clark, M.I.T Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization. .. “Copyright and Permission” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ash, Gerald R Traffic engineering and Qos optimization of integrated voice & data networks/ Gerald... Summary and Conclusions 2.7 Applicability of Requirements Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of MPLS-Based Integrated Voice/ Data Dynamic Routing Networks 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Class -of- Service