Samuel taylor coleridge, blooms classic critical views

Bloom’s Classic Critical Views S A M U E L TAY L O R COLERIDGE Bloom's Classic Critical Views Alfred, Lord Tennyson Benjamin Franklin The Brontës Charles Dickens Edgar Allan Poe Geoffrey Chaucer George Eliot George Gordon, Lord Byron Henry David Thoreau Herman Melville Jane Austen John Donne and the Metaphysical Poets John Milton Jonathan Swift Mark Twain Mary Shelley Nathaniel Hawthorne Oscar Wilde Percy Shelley Ralph Waldo Emerson Robert Browning Samuel Taylor Coleridge Stephen Crane Walt Whitman William Blake William Shakespeare William Wordsworth Bloom’s Classic Critical Views S A M U E L TAY L O R COLERIDGE Edited and with an Introduction by Harold Bloom Sterling Professor of the Humanities Yale University Bloom’s Classic Critical Views: Samuel Taylor Coleridge Copyright © 2009 Infobase Publishing Introduction © 2009 by Harold Bloom All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher For more information contact: Bloom’s Literary Criticism An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Samuel Taylor Coleridge / edited and with an introduction by Harold Bloom; Janyce Marson, volume editor    p cm — (Bloom’s classic critical views)   Includes bibliographical references and index   ISBN 978-1-60413-428-5 (acid-free paper)   ISBN 978-1-4381-2763-7 (e-book)   Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772–1834—Criticism and interpretation.  I.  Bloom, Harold.  II.  Marson, Janyce.  III.  Title.  IV.  Series   PR4484.S26 2009   821'.7—dc22 2009012453 Bloom’s Literary Criticism books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755 You can find Bloom’s Literary Criticism on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Volume editor: Janyce Marson Series design by Erika K Arroyo Cover designed by Takeshi Takahashi Printed in the United States of America IBT IBT 10 This book is printed on acid-free paper All links and Web addresses were checked and verified to be correct at the time of publication Because of the dynamic nature of the Web, some addresses and links may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid Contents QQQ Series Introduction ix Introduction by Harold Bloom xi Biography xiii Personal Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1797) Dorothy Wordsworth (1801) William Wordsworth (1805) George Gordon, Lord Byron (1811) John Gibson Lockhart (1819) William Hazlitt (1823) Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1833) Sara Coleridge (1834) Charles Lamb (1834) Thomas De Quincey (1834–35) Caroline Fox (1836) Joseph Cottle (1837) Thomas Hood (1845) Leigh Hunt (1850) Thomas Carlyle (1851) 8 10 10 15 17 18 18 20 22 26 General George Gordon, Lord Byron (1809) John Wilson “Observations on Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria” (1817) William Hazlitt (1818) George Gordon, Lord Byron “Dedication’’ (1819) Percy Bysshe Shelley (1819) Percy Bysshe Shelley (1820) 29 31 31 34 36 37 38 vi Contents John Sterling “Coleridge” (1839) Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1844) Leigh Hunt (1844) Margaret Fuller “Modern British Poets” (1846) George Meredith (1851) Ralph Waldo Emerson “Literature” (1856) Matthew Arnold “Joubert” (1864) Dante Gabriel Rossetti “Samuel Taylor Coleridge” (1880–81) W.P Ker “Samuel Taylor Coleridge” (1896) Francis Thompson “Academy Portraits: XIII S.T Coleridge” (1897) George Brandes “Naturalistic Romanticism” (1905) Lane Cooper “The Abyssinian Paradise in Coleridge and Milton” (1906) W.J Dawson “Coleridge” (1906) Lane Cooper “The ‘Forest Hermit’ in Coleridge and Wordsworth” (1909) B.H Lehman “The Doctrine of Leadership in the Greater Romantic Poets” (1922) 38 40 40 43 45 45 46 46 47 51 57 68 73 79 87 WORKS Lyrical Ballads James Dykes Campbell “Nether Stowey— Lyrical Ballads” (1896) Charles Wharton Stork “The Influence of the Popular Ballad on Wordsworth and Coleridge” (1914) 99 99 119 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Thomas B Shaw (1847) Peter Bayne “Coleridge” (1858) Gertrude Garrigues “Coleridge’s Ancient Mariner” (1880) Hall Caine (1883) H.D Traill “Coleridge” (1884) William Watson “Coleridge’s Supernaturalism” (1893) Richard Garnett “The ‘Ancient Mariner’ as an Exemplar of Coleridge’s Genius” (1904) A.W Crawford “On Coleridge’s Ancient Mariner” (1919) 140 140 141 168 180 181 189 “Kubla Khan” Thomas Love Peacock (1818) George H Calvert (1880) 208 208 209 Christabel George Gordon, Lord Byron (1816) 212 212 193 206 vii Contents John Gibson Lockhart “On the Lake School of Poetry: III Coleridge” (1819) John Sterling “On Coleridge’s Christabel” (1828) Edgar Allan Poe “The Rationale of Verse” (1848) William Watson “Lines in a Flyleaf of Christabel” (1893) 212 214 215 216 Critical Writings William Hazlitt (1825) Charles Knight (1849) George Gilfillan “Jeffrey and Coleridge” (1854) Walter Pater “Coleridge” (1865) Algernon Charles Swinburne “Coleridge” (1869) James Russell Lowell “Coleridge” (1885) Laura Johnson Wylie (1894) Alice D Snyder “A Note on Coleridge’s Shakespeare Criticism” (1923) 216 216 227 228 229 244 254 260 Biographia Literaria George Watson “Introduction” (1906) 270 270 Chronology 283 Index 287 261 Series Introduction QQQ Bloom’s Classic Critical Views is a new series presenting a selection of the most important older literary criticism on the greatest authors commonly read in high school and college classes today Unlike the Bloom’s Modern Critical Views series, which for more than 20 years has provided the best contemporary criticism on great authors, Bloom’s Classic Critical Views attempts to present the authors in the context of their time and to provide criticism that has proved over the years to be the most valuable to readers and writers Selections range from contemporary reviews in popular magazines, which demonstrate how a work was received in its own era, to profound essays by some of the strongest critics in the British and American tradition, including Henry James, G.K Chesterton, Matthew Arnold, and many more Some of the critical essays and extracts presented here have appeared previously in other titles edited by Harold Bloom, such as the New Moulton’s Library of Literary Criticism Other selections appear here for the first time in any book by this publisher All were selected under Harold Bloom’s guidance In addition, each volume in this series contains a series of essays by a contemporary expert, who comments on the most important critical selections, putting them in context and suggesting how they might be used by a student writer to influence his or her own writing This series is intended above all for students, to help them think more deeply and write more powerfully about great writers and their works ix Chronology QQQ 1772 1775 1778 1781 1782 1791 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 Samuel Taylor Coleridge is born in the vicarage at Ottery, St Mary, Devonshire, on October 21 Begins formal schooling at Dame Key’s Reading School Attends Henry VIII Free Grammar School His father, John Coleridge, dies Admitted to Christ’s Hospital School in July Enters Jesus College, Cambridge University, in July Enlists in the King’s Regiment, 15th Light Dragoons, under the pseudonym Silas Tomkyn Comberback Obtains a discharge from the King’s Regiment and returns to Cambridge Meets Robert Southey at Oxford The Fall of Robespierre published (with Southey) under Coleridge’s name Meets Godwin Leaves Cambridge in December, without a degree, in order to pursue the scheme of Pantisocracy Moves to Bristol in January and meets William Wordsworth Marries Sara Fricker of Bristol; they settle in Clevedon, Somerset Lectures in Bristol through November on politics and history Hartley Coleridge born Publishes Poems on Various Subjects and edits the March through May issues of The Watchman Moves with his family to Nether Stowey The Wordsworths move to Alfoxden to be near Coleridge Composes The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and publishes Poems composed by him, Charles Lamb, and Charles Lloyd A second son, Berkeley, is born; he later dies Josiah and Thomas Wedgwood settle a lifetime annuity of 150 pounds on Coleridge Writes “Frost at Midnight,” “France: An Ode,” “Fears in Solitude,” 283 284 1799 1800 1802 1803 1804 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 Chronology Kubla Khan, and part one of Christabel In September, the first edition of Lyrical Ballads is published anonymously with Wordsworth, while they are traveling through Germany with Dorothy Wordsworth and John Chester Enters the University of Göttingen in February Returns to England in July and contributes to the Morning Post Meets Sara Hutchinson Settles with family at Greta Hall, Keswick, where Derwent is born Finishes translation of Schiller’s Wallenstein in late spring Second edition of Lyrical Ballads published with a preface by Wordsworth The Southeys move to Greta Hall Sara Coleridge is born Writes “Dejection: An Ode.” The third edition of Lyrical Ballads is released Abandons a tour of Scotland with William and Dorothy Wordsworth In May leaves for Rome and Malta, having decided to separate from his wife and with the hope that the climate will improve his health, which had been weakened by rheumatism and opium addiction Returns to England by way of Italy Separates from his wife De Quincey meets Coleridge in Somerset From January to June, gives his first series of lectures, on “Principles of Poetry” at the Royal Institution in London Later is guest, along with De Quincey, at the Wordsworth home in Grasmere Begins The Friend Contributes to The Courier, continuing to so through 1817 The Friend is completed Leaves the lake district for London and has a falling out with Wordsworth Lectures on the English poets in London Josiah Wedgwood withdraws his half of the legacy Lectures in London and Bristol Reestablishes his friendship with Wordsworth Early play Osario, revised as Remorse, performed at Drury Lane Theatre in London Stays with his friend John Morgan in London and Calne, Wiltshire Begins dictating Biographia Literaria in Calne Health is declining Stays at Highgate, London, as patient of James Gillman In June, publishes a volume of poetry containing Christabel, Kubla Khan, and “The Pains of Sleep.” Also publishes The Statesman’s Manual; or The Bible the Best Guide to Political Skill and Foresight Publishes Biographia Literaria, Sibylline Leaves, and his two lay sermons Chronology 1818 1819 1825 1828 1830 1834 1836 1840 285 Lectures on English poetry and the history of philosophy Publishes a selection from The Friend and On Method, a preliminary treatise to the Encyclopedia Metropolitana Ends lectures on the history of philosophy Publishes Aids to Reflection in the Formation of a Manly Character Poetical Works published Tours Germany with Wordsworth On the Constitution of Church and State is published Dies on July 25 at the Gillman residence in Highgate Four volumes of Coleridge’s Literary Remains are published, edited by Henry Nelson Coleridge Confessions of an Enquiring Spirit is published Index QQQ A ”Academy Portraits: XIII S.T Coleridge” (Thompson), 51–56 aesthetic theory, 272, 279 affectation, poetry and, 52, 54–55 Aids to Reflection, 2, 47, 48, 166–167 Alice du Clos, 129, 135 allegory, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 206–208 alliteration, 128, 137 “The ‘Ancient Mariner’ as an Exemplar of Coleridge’s Genius,” 193–205 animal rights, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 193, 200 arguments, complexity of, 47, 48 Arnold, Matthew, 46 art, philosophy and, 231–232 As You Like It (Shakespeare), 266–267 author’s voice, 43, 44, 123–124, 252– 253, 257–258 See also style B Ball, Alexander, 93, 110 Ballad of the Dark Ladie, 134–135, 258 ballad tradition Christabel and, 230, 238, 240–241 Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) and, 119–140 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 185, 189, 257 Balzac, Honoré de, 187 Barton, Bernard, 21 Bayne, Peter, 141–168 Biographia Literaria, 2, 31–34, 78 art and, 231–232 complexity of arguments and, 47, 49–50 critical writings and, 270–281 style and, 166–167 biography, 1–2 See also personal life Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 8–9, 14–15 Blake, William, 239 blank verse, 251 The Borderers (Wordsworth), 127 Brandes, George, 57–68 Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 40 Browning, Robert, 78–79 Bruce, James, 68–69 Burke, Edmund, 88, 89, 279 Byron, George Gordon, 8, 31, 36, 62, 67–68, 212 C Caine, Hall, 180–181 Calvert, George, 209–212 Campbell, James Dykes, 99–119 287 288 Samuel Taylor Coleridge Carlyle, Thomas, 26–28, 50, 74, 76, 161–162, 167 characters ballad tradition and, 119–120, 127–128, 132 dramatic writings and, 250 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 196–197, 206–208 Shakespeare and, 262, 265–267, 267–269 William Wordsworth and, 128–129 childhood, 5–7, 141, 142–147, 244 poems written in, 246 poetical prodigy and, 52–53 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 169, 172 children, of Coleridge, 1, 227 Christabel, 1, 2, 165, 214–215 ballad tradition and, 121, 135– 136, 138, 230, 238, 240–241 beauty of, 41, 42–43, 244 critical writings and, 217 drama of, 34, 35 genius of, 52, 55 hermits and, 80–81 incompleteness of, 212–214 Lord Byron on, 212 musicality and, 249 publication of, 103 romanticism and, 61–62 supernatural elements and, 190, 192–193 Christianity, 2, 12, 13 See also religious views Christ’s Hospital, 15, 16, 52–53, 58–59, 141, 144–145, 221 Church, clergy and, 207–208 climax, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 175 “Coleridge” (Bayne), 141–168 “Coleridge” (Dawson), 73–79 “Coleridge” (Lowell), 254–259 “Coleridge” (Pater), 229–243 Coleridge, Sara (daughter), 11–15 Coleridge, Sara (Fricker), 1, 100–101, 104, 105–106 married life and, 59, 108, 111, 112 “Coleridge” (Sterling), 38–39 “Coleridge” (Swinburne), 243–254 “Coleridge’s Ancient Mariner” (Garrigues), 168–180 “Coleridge’s Supernaturalism” (Watson), 189–193 Comus (Milton), 86 Conciones ad Populum, 35, 93 Confessions of an English OpiumEater (De Quincey), 77–78 Confessions of an Enquiring Spirit, conservatism, Coleridge and, 88, 89, 91 The Constitution of Church and State, conversationalist, Coleridge as, 34, 36, 78, 167 complexity of arguments and, 48–49 critical writings and, 218, 219 education and, 221 military career and, 149 Cooper, Lane, 68–73, 79–87 Cooper, William, 18 Cottle, Joseph, 17, 18–20, 156, 157 financial difficulties and, 151–152 friendship with, 160 Thomas De Quincey and, 104 Crawford, A.W., 206–208 critical writings Coleridge’s intellectual efforts and, 216–227 influences and, 255–256 lack of focus and, 216–227 new era of criticism and, 228– 229, 259–260 philosophy and, 243 on Shakespeare, 227–228 D The Dark Lathe, 129 Dawson, W.J., 73–79 Index De Quincey, Thomas ballad tradition and, 129, 130 Coleridge and, 106–107 Coleridge’s conversation and, 103–104, 167 opinion of Coleridge and, 11, 15, 17–18, 74 opium addiction and, 77–78 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 185, 186 solitariness and, 79 death of Coleridge, 12–13, 15–17 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 174–175, 204 “The Death of Coleridge” (Lamb), 15–17 “Dedication” (Byron), 36 “Dejection: An Ode”, 2, 56, 131–132, 136, 236, 250 Della Cruscans, 120, 129 “The Departing Year,” 56 depression, 2, 17–18, 104, 107 Der Camao (Hartmann), 57, 58, 63–64 Descriptive Sketches (Wordsworth), 82–83 The Destiny of Nations, 88, 92 The Destruction of the Bastille, 91 The Devil’s Walk, 136 diction, 204, 256, 257–258 See also author’s voice “The Doctrine of Leadership in the Greater Romantic Poets” (Lehman), 87–95 doubt, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 177 drama ballad tradition and, 120, 122– 123 Christabel and, 34, 35 dramatic poetry, 245, 250 metaphysics and, 44 dualism, 262 Dyer, George, 16 289 E Ecclesiastical Sonnets (Wordsworth), 86 education, 1, 2, 16, 143 Cambridge University, 146, 148 Christ’s Hospital, 58–59, 144–145 precociousness and, 220–221 Ellen Irwin (Wordsworth), 125, 126 Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 45 emotion, ballad tradition and, 127 employment, 75–76, 151–152, 156 English Bards, and Scotch Reviewers (Byron), 31 “The Eolian Harp,” “Epitaph,” 10, 79 Essay on the Prometheus of Aeschylus, 93 experience, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 178–179 F The Faerie Queen (Spenser), 86 faith, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 170, 173, 174, 176, 180 fall of man, theme of, 169, 172–180 The Fall of Robespierre (Coleridge and Southey), 1, 59 family life See personal life Fears in Solitude, 88, 92, 245, 250– 251 Fidelity (Wordsworth), 127 financial difficulties, 104–105, 151– 152, 156–157 “Fire, Famine, and Slaughter,” 35, 65–66, 251 focus, lack of, 244, 252–253 Biographia Literaria and, 275 genius and, 219–223, 225 philosophy and, 245 poetry and, 257 For the Spot where the Hermitage stood on St Herbert’s Island, Derwentwater (Wordsworth), 85 The Force of Prayer (Wordsworth), 126 290 Samuel Taylor Coleridge “The ‘Forest Hermit’ in Coleridge and Wordsworth” (Cooper), 79–87 Fox, Caroline, 18 fragments, written ballad tradition and, 120–121 Christabel and, 212, 213, 240 critical writings and, 227–228 judging merits of, 253 See also focus, lack of “France: An Ode,” 1, 56, 88, 92, 245, 250 freedom, leadership and, 92 French Revolution, 146–147, 223 Fricker, Sara See Coleridge, Sara (Fricker) The Friend, complexity of arguments and, 47, 48 failure of, 159 leadership and, 88, 90, 93 publication of, 108–110, 111, 117–118 style and, 166–167 friendships, 160, 237 “Frost at Midnight,” 56, 251 Fuller, Margaret, 43–44 “functional school,” of psychology, 261, 262–270 G “The Garden of Boccaccio,” 252 Garnett, Richard, 193–205 Garrigues, Gertrude, 168–180 “Genevieve,” 43, 52, 55 genius “Kubla Khan: A Vision in a Dream,” 211–212 lack of focus and, 216–217 leadership and, 88, 90, 91 philosophy and, 231 “Philosophy of Nature” and, 233 poets and, 246 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 193–205 George and Sarah Green (Wordsworth), 127 German romanticism, 58, 64, 65, 231–234 Gilfillan, George, 228–229 Gillman, James, 2, 160–161 Gillman, Mrs., 13–14 Godwin, William, 225–226 Graham, Walter, 88, 89 graphic power, of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 141–142, 164– 165 See also painterly effects Greek literature, 221 Green, Joseph Henry, 11, 12, 13 H Hamlet (Shakespeare), 263, 264–265, 267–268 Hanford, J.H., 269 Hart-Leap Well (Wordsworth), 125 Hazlitt, William, 9–10, 34–36, 74 Biographia Literaria and, 277– 278 on critical writings, 216–227 Leigh Hunt and, 22, 23, 23–24, 41 The Hermit (Parnell), 86 hermits, 79–87, 179, 206 The Highland Boy (Wordsworth), 127 historical associations, poetry and, 66–67 “History of the Abolition of the Slave Trade” (Clarkson), 107 Hood, Thomas, 21–22 The Horn of Egremont Castle (Wordsworth), 126 hospitality, 57–58, 62–63 humor, 64–65 Hunt, Leigh, 16, 22–26, 40–43 Hutchinson, Sara, Hymn Before Sunrise in the Vale of Chamouni, 66 “Hymn to the Earth,” 252 Index I idealism, 73, 74, 75–76, 183 Il Penseroso (Milton), 86 imagery, 130–131, 209–212, 237–238 imagination, 254, 255–256, 279, 280 Imagination and Fancy (Hunt), 40–43 influences of Coleridge, on other poets, 52, 53–54, 142, 180 critical writings and, 221–223, 255–256 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 182, 186, 196 of William Wordsworth, 170– 171 Inscriptions supposed to be found in and near a Hermit’s Cell (Wordsworth), 85 Intimations of Immortality (Wordsworth), 87n5, 120, 131 “Introduction” (Wilson), 270–281 J Jackson, William, “Jeffrey and Coleridge” (Gilfillan), 228–229 Johnson, Samuel, 279 “Joubert” (Arnold), 46 journalism, 76 See also The Friend; The Watchman justice, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 204–205 K Keats, John, 54, 55, 251, 278 Ker, W.P., 47–51 King Lear (Shakespeare), 266 kingship, 92–93 Knight, Charles, 227–228 The Knight’s Tomb, 136 “Kubla Khan: A Vision in a Dream,” 1, ballad tradition and, 121, 136, 138 291 beauty of, 43, 52, 55–56, 79, 244 imagery and, 209–212 Milton and, 68–73 musicality and, 66, 248–249 satire and, 208–209 “The Pains of Sleep” and, 235 L Lake Poets, 65–66 Lamb, Charles books and, 21 Christabel and, 192 Coleridge’s conversation and, 18, 78 employment of, 74 romanticism and, 58–59 solitariness and, 79 “The Death of Coleridge,” 15–17 Lay Sermons, 47, 50 leadership, the romantic poets and, 87–95 lectures, 105, 107, 216, 218 legacy, 217–218, 253–254, 258–259 Lehman, B.H., 87–95 Letters, “Lewti,” 66, 246–247 “Lines in a Flyleaf of Christabel,” 216 Lines on a Friend, 93 Lines to a Beautiful Spring Village, 80 Literary Remains, “Literature” (Emerson), 45 Lloyd, Charles, 156 Lockhart, John Gibson, 8–9, 212–214 “Love,” 2, 66, 134, 135, 165–166, 247 “Love’s Sanctuary,” Lowell, James Russell, 254–259 “Lucy Gray” (Wordsworth), 129 Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge), 1–2, 99–119, 119–140 Biographia Literaria and, 270 hermits and, 80, 83–84 prose essays and, 49 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 181–182, 181–184 romanticism and, 57, 58 292 Samuel Taylor Coleridge style and, 168, 182–184 lyrical style, 140, 162, 250–251, 253–254 M Macbeth (Shakespeare), 263, 264, 267, 268–269 Mad Monk, 81, 87n5 marriage, 59, 100–101, 102, 108, 111, 112, 151 maturity, 155–156, 168, 169, 172–173, 181, 185 meaning, of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 168–180 medievalism, 79, 119, 126, 130, 214– 215, 240 Meredith, George, 45 Merry, Robert, 120 metaphysics, 49, 170, 190–191, 262, 272–273, 279 meter, 210, 249, 251 Middleton, Thomas, 16 A Midsummer Night’s Dream (Shakespeare), 208–209 military career, 148–149 Milton, John, 70–73, 85, 86, 125 mind, human, 231–233 “Monody on the Death of Chatterton,” 1, 217, 220–221 mood, critical writings and, 264 moral, of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 132, 134, 169, 196–200, 244, 248 “Mr Coleridge” (Hazlitt), 216–227 musicality, 40, 41–42, 162 author’s voice and, 78, 257 Christabel and, 249 “Kubla Khan: A Vision in a Dream” and, 211, 212, 248–249 “Love” and, 165–166 romanticism and, 66 “My First Acquaintance with Poets” (Hazlitt), 9–10 mysticism, 131–132, 134 N narrative style ballad tradition and, 123–125, 130, 135, 138 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 133–134, 187–189, 204 natural elements Christabel and, 193 Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) and, 186 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 189–190, 191–192, 197 William Wordsworth and, 171, 182, 235–236 “Naturalistic Romanticism” (Brandes), 57–68 nature, philosophy of, 229, 231–233 “Nether Stowey—Lyrical Ballads” (Campbell), 99–119 “The Nightingale,” 56, 251 Nightmare Abbey (Peacock), 208–209 “A Note on Coleridge’s Shakespeare Criticism,” 260–270 Notebooks, O “Observations on Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria” (Wilson), 31–34 “Ode to Chatterton.” See “Monody on the Death of Chatterton” “Ode to Dejection.” See “Dejection: An Ode” “Ode to Liberty,” 250 “Ode to Naples,” 250 Ode to the Departing Year, 92 “On Coleridge’s Ancient Mariner” (Crawford), 206–208 “On Coleridge’s Christabel” (Sterling), 214–215 “On Observing a Blossom on the First of February, 1796,” 234–235 “On the Lake School of Poetry: III Coleridge” (Lockhart), 212–214 Index opium addiction, 2, 7–8, 18, 19–20, 107–108 Coleridge’s personality and, 142, 159–160 effect on writing and, 53, 239, 259 political views and, 67 Thomas De Quincey and, 104 as tragic flaw, 73–74, 76–78 Original Sin, 173 Osorio, Othello (Shakespeare), 263 P “The Pains of Sleep,” 2, 235 painterly effects, 141–142, 164–165, 182–183, 187–188, 257–258 Pantisocracy project, 141, 149–151 Paradise Lost (Milton), 70–73 paradise, poetry and, 68–73 Parnell, Thomas, 86 Pater, Walter, 229–243 Patmore, Coventry, 52, 53 Peacock, Thomas Love, 208–209 Peau de Chagrin (Balzac), 187 penance, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 177–178 Percy, Thomas, 123, 124 personal life, 1–2 childhood, 5–7, 141, 142–147 family and, 157 friendships, 160, 237 later life and, 67–68 legacy and, 258–259 marriage, 59, 100–101, 102, 108, 111, 112, 151 maturity and, 155–156 military career, 148–149 personality and, 247 personification, 163, 165 Peter Bell the Third (Shelley), 37–38 Peter Bell (Wordsworth), 37, 84, 125 philosophical aims, poetry and, 189, 190–191 philosophy 293 critical writings and, 221–222, 229–230, 230–234, 243, 261 influence of, 166–167 lack of focus and, 245 poetic form and, 47–48, 49–50 public appreciation of, 45 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 171–172 science and, 242–243 writing style and, 131 “Philosophy of Nature,” 229, 231–233 Pilgrimage (Purchas), 69–70, 70–71 Pilot (character), 206–207 Pilot’s boy (character), 206, 207–208 place names, “Kubla Khan” and, 68–70 plays See drama Poe, Edgar Allan, 129, 130, 138, 215 poems, Coleridge in by Elizabeth Barrett Browning, 40 by George Meredith, 45 by John Sterling, 38–39 by Lord Byron, 31, 36 by Percy Shelley, 37–38, 38 by Rossetti, 46–47 Poems on Various Subjects, poetic form ballad tradition and, 128, 137–138 Christabel, 215 critical writings and, 260 lyrical style, 140, 162–166, 250– 251, 251–252, 253–254 painterly effects and, 141–142, 164–165, 182–183, 187–188, 257–258 philosophical argument and, 47–48, 49–50 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 201–204 poetical justice, 204–205 Poetical Works (Shelley), 37 political views, 1, 22, 40–41 critical writings and, 223, 247 294 Samuel Taylor Coleridge French Revolution and, 146–147, 223 leadership and, 87–88, 89–90 Pantisocracy project and, 149–151 romanticism and, 59 The Watchman and, 59–61 Poole, Thomas, 5, prayer, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 180 precociousness, 220–221 Preface, to Lyrical Ballads, 121, 130, 270–272, 275 Preliminary Treatise on Method, 166–167 The Prelude (Wordsworth), 8, 101– 102, 171, 238 Psalmanazar, George, 18, 19 psychological compensation, 267–269 psychology, 234, 241, 260–261, 280 public opinion, of Coleridge, 31–94 publication, 1–2 of Biographia Literaria, 273–274, 276–278 of Christabel, 103 of The Friend, 108–110, 111 of The Watchman, 152–154 punctuation, imagery and, 209–210 Purchas, Samuel, 69–70, 70–71 R “The Rationale of Verse” (Poe), 215 reason, philosophy and, 232 The Recluse (Wordsworth), 85 refrains, ballad tradition and, 128, 137 Religious Musings, 162–163, 244 critical writings and, 222, 246 leadership and, 88, 91–92 maturity and, 155, 194 religious views, 40–41, 222, 277 Christabel and, 215 later life and, 67–68 philosophy and, 157–158, 217 poetry and, 251 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 169, 172, 172–180, 207–208 Unitarianism and, 147–148 Remorse, 2, 224, 245, 250 repetition, of lines and phrases, 128, 136–137 reputation, of Coleridge, 14–15 rhyme schemes, ballad tradition and, 128, 137 Richard II (Shakespeare), 265–266, 268 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 34, 52, 55 allegory, 206–208 alterations to, 251 ballad tradition and, 120, 129, 130–134, 136–137, 230 complexity of arguments and, 47–48 critical writings and, 217 Der Camao (Hartmann) and, 63–64 explication of, 169–170, 172–180 The Faerie Queen (Spenser) and, 86 genius of, 41, 43, 224 glosses to, 51 graphic power of, 141–142, 164–165 hermits and, 79–80, 84–85 hospitality and, 57–58, 62–63 imagination and, 78, 79 Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge), 181–184 maturity and, 181 meaning of, 168–180 medievalism and, 240 moral and, 244, 248 painterly effects, 257 poetic form and, 184–185, 201–204 “renascence of wonder” and, 200–201 social responsibility and, 193, 194–195 Index spirituality and, 180–181 style and, 43, 140, 187–189 supernatural elements and, 189– 192, 194, 200–204, 239 textual discrepancies, 86n1 William Wordsworth and, 185–187 wonder and, 193, 195–196 Rob Roy’s Grave (Wordsworth), 126 romanticism, 57–68, 79–87, 226–227, 243, 260 Romeo and Juliet (Shakespeare), 264 Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 46–47, 52, 53 Ruth (Wordsworth), 125 S “Samuel Taylor Coleridge” (De Quincey), 17–18 “Samuel Taylor Coleridge” (Ker), 47–51 “Samuel Taylor Coleridge” (Rossetti), 46–47 satire, 37, 208–209 “Satyrane’s Letters,” 110, 276, 277 Schelling, Friedrich von, 231–232 Schiller, Friedrich, 65 science, philosophy and, 229, 232– 233, 242–243 Scott, Walter, 62, 66 self-regard, Coleridge and, 32–33 sermons, 2, 9–10, 47, 50 The Seven Sisters (Wordsworth), 126 Shakespeare, William, 78, 227–228, 260–270 Shaw, Thomas, 140 Shelley, Mary, 37 Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 37–38, 54, 55, 66, 67–68, 278 Sibylline Leaves, 2, 34, 273, 274–275, 276–277 Snyder, Alice, 260–270 social responsibility, 193, 196–200 The Solitary Reaper (Wordsworth), 126 solitude, 79–87 295 Song at the Feast of Brougham Castle (Wordsworth), 126, 127, 128 “The Songs of the Pixies,” 148 “Sonnet to Schiller,” 35, 224 “Sonnet to the Author of the Robbers.” See “Sonnet to Schiller” Southey, Robert, 1, 59, 65–66, 75, 141, 149–151 Spenser, Edmund, 85, 86 spirituality, 180–181, 207–208 stanza forms, ballad tradition and, 128, 137–138 The Statesman’s Manual, 90, 94 Sterling, John, 38–39, 38–39, 214–215 Stork, Charles Wharton, 119–140 style Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) and, 168 lyrical style, 140, 162, 250–251, 253–254 See also poetic form supernatural elements allegory and, 206 ballad tradition and, 119, 121, 129–130, 132, 133 Christabel and, 62, 192–193, 214, 215 Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) and, 183–184, 186 musicality and, 78 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 62–63, 64, 171, 182, 189–192, 194, 200, 230, 238–240 Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 243–254 T Table Talk, 48–49, 94, 252 Tennyson, Alfred, 54, 55 “The Abyssinian Paradise in Coleridge and Milton” (Cooper), 68–73 theme, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 169, 172–180 theology See religious views 296 Samuel Taylor Coleridge Thompson, Francis, 51–56 The Three Graves, 80, 120–121, 129, 132–133, 136, 138 Tintern Abbey (Wordsworth), 83, 85, 236 To a Gentleman composed on the night of his recitation of a Poem on the growth of an Individual Mind, 112–114 “To Asra,” To a Young Lady, 91 “To Two Sisters: A Wanderer’s Farewell,” 115–116n24 “To William Wordsworth,” 238 “A Tombless Epitaph,” 242 tone Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) and, 235–236 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 140, 175, 187–189 tragic flaws critical writings and, 265–267 opium addiction as, 73–74, 76–78 Traill, Henry Duff, 181–189 transcendentalism, 43, 229, 230–231 travel, 2, 66, 99, 158–159, 222–223 Travels to Discover the Sources of the Nile (Bruce), 68–69 U Unitarianism, 147–148, 207 W Wallenstein (Schiller), 2, 65, 217, 256 Wandering Jew, character of, 197 The Watchman, 1, 35, 59–61, 152–154 The Water Ballad, 136 Watson, George, 270–281 Watson, William, 189–193, 216 “We Are Seven,” 123 Wedgewood, Josiah, 101, 102–103, 156–157 The Westmoreland Girl (Wordsworth), 127 White Doe of Rylstone (Wordsworth), 107, 122, 126–127, 128 willpower, 154, 213 See also focus, lack of Wilson, John, 31–34 The Winter’s Tale (Shakespeare), wonder, renascence of, 193, 200–201 Wordsworth, Dorothy, 1, 2, 7–8, 53, 100–101 Wordsworth, William, 1, 2, 65–66, 99–100, 107 ballad tradition and, 119–120, 121–129 Biographia Literaria and, 270, 271, 274 critics on, 54, 55 Fears in Solitude and, 250–251 The Friend and, 109 friendship with, 74, 141, 237 hermits and, 81–85 influence of, 170–171 personality of, 74–75 prose essays and, 49 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and, 181–182, 185–186, 205 See also Lyrical Ballads (Wordsworth and Coleridge) Wordsworth’s Ode: Intimations of Immortality, 34, 36 work ethic, 213–214, 219–220, 225, 226 See also focus, lack of ”Work without Hope,” 252 worldly success, Coleridge and, 74–76 Wylie, Laura Johnson, 259–260 Y “Youth and Age,” 43, 56, 252 Z Zapolya, 2, 245, 250 ...Bloom’s Classic Critical Views S A M U E L TAY L O R COLERIDGE Bloom's Classic Critical Views Alfred, Lord Tennyson Benjamin Franklin The Brontës... Ralph Waldo Emerson Robert Browning Samuel Taylor Coleridge Stephen Crane Walt Whitman William Blake William Shakespeare William Wordsworth Bloom’s Classic Critical Views S A M U E L TAY L O R COLERIDGE... Introduction by Harold Bloom Sterling Professor of the Humanities Yale University Bloom’s Classic Critical Views: Samuel Taylor Coleridge Copyright © 2009 Infobase Publishing Introduction © 2009 by Harold