The cambridge companion to alexander pope

t h e c a m b r i d g e c o m pa n i o n to alexander pope Alexander Pope was the greatest poet of his age and the dominant influence on eighteenth-century British poetry His large oeuvre, written over a thirty-year period, encompasses satires, odes and political verse and reflects the sexual, moral and cultural issues of the world around him, often in brilliant lines and phrases which have become part of our language today This is the first overview to analyse the full range of Pope’s work and to set it in its historical and cultural context Specially commissioned essays by leading scholars explore all of Pope’s major works, including the sexual politics of The Rape of the Lock, the philosophical enquiries of An Essay on Man and the Moral Essays, and the mock-heroic of The Dunciad in its various forms This volume will be indispensable not only for students and scholars of Pope’s work, but also for all those interested in the Augustan age pat ro g e rs is DeBartolo Chair in the Liberal Arts at the University of South Florida THE CAMBRIDGE C O M PA N I O N T O ALEXANDER POPE EDITED BY PAT R O G E R S c a m b r i d g e u n i v e rs i t y p r e s s ˜ Paulo, Delhi Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 8ru, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521549448 C Cambridge University Press 2007 This publication is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published 2007 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library isbn 978-0-521-84013-2 hardback isbn 978-0-521-54944-8 paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate CONTENTS List of illustrations Notes on contributors List of abbreviations Alexander Pope chronology Introduction pat ro g e rs page vii viii xii xiii 1 Pope, self, and world helen deutsch 14 Pope’s friends and enemies: fighting with shadows dav i d n o k e s 25 Pope’s versification and voice jo h n s i t t e r 37 Poetic spaces cy n t h i a wa l l 49 Pope’s Homer and his poetic career steven shankman 63 Pope and the classics h owa r d d w e i n b ro t 76 Pope and the Elizabethans dav i d fa i r e r 89 v contents Pope in Arcadia: pastoral and its dissolution pat ro g e rs 105 Pope and ideology b r i a n yo u n g 118 10 Pope and the poetry of opposition h owa r d e rs k i n e - h i l l 134 11 Crime and punishment pau l ba i n e s 150 12 Landscapes and estates m a l c o l m k e l sa l l 161 13 Money c at h e r i n e i n g r as s i a 175 14 Pope and the book trade ja m e s m c l av e rt y 186 15 Pope and gender va l e r i e ru m b o l d 198 16 Medicine and the body g e o r g e ro u s s e au 210 17 Pope and the other l au r a b row n 222 Further reading Index 237 247 vi I L L U S T R AT I O N S “Sol thro’ white Curtains shot a tim’rous Ray.” Frontispiece to Canto i, The Rape of the Lock (1714), courtesy of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library page 53 “Books and the Man I sing.” The Dunciad Variorum (1729), Book the First, courtesy of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library 60 Pope’s villa at Twickenham, after the painting by Peter Andreas Rysbrack, engraved by Nathaniel Parr (1735) 163 A plan of Pope’s garden at Twickenham by John Serle, his gardener (1745) 167 vii NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS pau l ba i n e s is Professor in the School of English, University of Liverpool His publications include The House of Forgery in Eighteenth-Century Britain (1999), The Complete Critical Guide to Alexander Pope (2000), The Long Eighteenth Century (2004), several articles in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, and a number of articles on poetry, crime, and punishment in the early eighteenth century His biography of the rogue bookseller Edmund Curll, co-written with Pat Rogers, appeared in 2007 l au r a b row n is John Wendell Anderson Professor of English at Cornell University and author of Fables of Modernity: Literature and Culture in the English Eighteenth Century (2001), Ends of Empire: Women and Ideology in Early EighteenthCentury English Literature (1993), Rereading Literature: Alexander Pope (1985), and English Dramatic Form 1660–1760: An Essay in Generic History (1981), as well as co-editor, with Felicity Nussbaum, of The New Eighteenth Century: Theory-Politics-English Literature (1987) h e l e n d e u t s c h is Professor of English at UCLA and the author of Resemblance and Disgrace: Alexander Pope and the Deformation of Culture (1996), and Loving Dr Johnson (2005), as well as co-editor of Defects: Engendering the Modern Body (2000) She has recently returned to Pope’s work as one of the focuses of a new book project on gendered subjectivity, embodiment, and intimate literary forms such as the essay and the verse epistle h owa r d e rs k i n e - h i l l is a Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, and a former Professor of Literary History in the University of Cambridge He is a Fellow of the British Academy His many works include The Social Milieu of Alexander Pope (1975) and an edition of Pope’s Selected Letters (2000) He has also written Poetry of Opposition and Revolution: Dryden to Wordsworth (1996) and, with Eveline Cruickshanks, The Atterbury Plot (2004) dav i d fa i r e r is Professor of Eighteenth-Century English Literature at the University of Leeds His most recent book is English Poetry of the Eighteenth Century, viii n o t e s o n c o n t r i b u to rs 1700–1789 (2003) He is also the author of Pope’s Imagination (1984), The Poetry of Alexander Pope (1989), and editor of Pope: New Contexts (1990), The Correspondence of Thomas Warton (1995), and the first complete printing of Warton’s History of English Poetry (1998) With Christine Gerrard he has edited EighteenthCentury Poetry: An Annotated Anthology (second edition, 2004) c at h e r i n e i n g r as s i a is Professor of English and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at Virginia Commonwealth University Her books include Authorship, Commerce and Gender in Eighteenth-Century England: A Culture of Paper Credit (1998), “More Solid Learning”; New Perspectives on Alexander Pope’s Dunciad, co-edited with Claudia Thomas (2000), and A Companion to the EighteenthCentury Novel and Culture, co-edited with Paula R Backscheider (2005) She is also the editor of Eliza Haywood’s Anti-Pamela and Fielding’s Shamela (2004), and a past editor of Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture m a l c o l m k e l sa l l is Professor Emeritus at Cardiff University His principal publications in the field of architectural and landscape iconography are The Great Good Place: The Country House and English Literature (1993), Jefferson and the Iconography of Romanticism: Folk, Land, Culture and the Romantic Nation (1999), and Literary Representations of the Irish Country House: Civilisation and Savagery Under the Union (2003) He has taught at the universities of Cardiff, Exeter, Oxford and Reading and has been visiting Professor at Hiroshima, Paris, and Wisconsin, and International Scholar in Residence at the Center for Jefferson Studies, Charlottesville, Virginia ja m e s m c l av e rt y is Professor of English at Keele University He has written widely on literary and bibliographical topics, including a book on Pope, Print and Meaning (2001) He revised and edited for the press David Foxon’s lectures on Pope and the Early Eighteenth-Century Book Trade (1991), as well as David Fleeman’s Bibliography of the Works of Samuel Johnson (2000) dav i d n o k e s is Professor of English at King’s College London He has written biographies of Jonathan Swift, John Gay, and Jane Austen, and is currently working on a tercentenary biography of Samuel Johnson, to be published in 2009 He has also written television programmes on Swift and Frankenstein, adaptations of Clarissa and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, and a novel, The Nightingale Papers pat ro g e rs is DeBartolo Professor in the Liberal Arts at the University of South Florida, and the author of several books on Pope and his contemporaries, including The Alexander Pope Encyclopedia (2004) and Pope and the Destiny of the Stuarts (2005) Recent work includes a biography of Edmund Curll (2007), with Paul Baines, and an edition of Pope’s major works for Oxford World’s Classics (2006) ix f u rt h e r r e a d i n g Jack, I Augustan Satire: Intention and Idiom in English Poetry, 1660–1750 Oxford: Clarendon, 1952 Kernan, A The Plot of Satire New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965 Nokes, D Raillery and Rage: A Study of Eighteenth Century Satire Brighton: Harvester, 1987 Rawson, C Order from Confusion Sprung: Studies in Eighteenth-Century Literature from Swift to Cowper London: Allen & Unwin, 1985 Satire and Sentiment, 1660–1830: Stress Points in the English Augustan Tradition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994 Rawson, C and J Mezciems, eds Pope, Swift, and their Circle The Yearbook of English Studies, Special Number London: Modern Humanities Research Association, 1988 Rivers, I., ed Books and their Readers in Eighteenth-Century England: New Essays Leicester: Leicester University Press, 2001 Rogers, P Eighteenth-Century Encounters: Studies in Literature and Society in the Age of Walpole Brighton: Harvester, 1985 Literature and Popular Culture in Eighteenth-Century England Brighton: Harvester, 1985 Weinbrot, H The Formal Strain: Studies in Augustan Imitation and Satire Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969 Eighteenth-Century Satire: Essays on Text and Context from Dryden to Peter Pindar Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988 Woodman, T Politeness and Poetry in the Age of Pope Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1989 Particular topics Self and world Deutsch, H Resemblance and Disgrace: Alexander Pope and the Deformation of Culture Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996 Dickie, S “Hilarity and Pitilessness in the Mid-Eighteenth Century: English Jestbook Humor.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 37: (2003): 1–22 Mack, M “‘The Least Thing like a Man in England’: Some Effects of Pope’s Physical Disability on His Life and Literary Career.” In Collected in Himself: Essays Critical, Biographical, and Bibliographical on Pope and some of his Contemporaries Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1982: pp 372–92 Todd, D Imagining Monsters: Miscreations of the Self in Eighteenth-Century England Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995 Friends and enemies Grundy, I Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: Comet of the Enlightenment Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999 Hammond, B S Pope and Bolingbroke: A Study of Friendship and Influence Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1984 Nokes, D John Gay: A Profession of Friendship Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995 241 f u rt h e r r e a d i n g Rumbold, V Women’s Place in Pope’s World Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989 Versification and voice Sitter, J E The Poetry of Pope’s “Dunciad.” Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1971 Spacks, P M An Argument of Images: The Poetry of Alexander Pope Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971 Tillotson, G On the Poetry of Pope Oxford: Clarendon, 1938 Pope’s Homer Knight, D Pope and the Heroic Tradition New Haven: Yale University Press, 1951 Shankman, S Pope’s Iliad: Homer in the Age of Passion Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983 In Search of the Classic: Reconsidering the Greco-Roman Tradition, Homer to Val´ery and Beyond University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994 See also The Twickenham Edition of the Works of Alexander Pope (above), vii–x Pope and the classics Brower, R A Alexander Pope: The Poetry of Allusion Oxford: Clarendon, 1959 Erskine-Hill, H The Augustan Idea in English Literature London: Edward Arnold, 1983 Levine, J M The Battle of the Books: History and Literature in the Augustan Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991 Weinbrot, H D Alexander Pope and the Traditions of Formal Verse Satire Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982 Augustus Caesar in “Augustan” England: The Decline of a Classical Norm Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978 Pope and the Elizabethans Babb, L “The Cave of Spleen.” Review of English Studies 12 (1936): 165–76 Beer, G “‘Our unnatural No-voice’: The Heroic Epistle, Pope, and Women’s Gothic.” Yearbook of English Studies 12 (1982): 125–51 Erskine-Hill, H The Augustan Idea in English Literature London: Edward Arnold, 1983 Fairer, D Pope’s Imagination Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984 Wasserman, E R Elizabethan Poetry in the Eighteenth Century Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1947 Pastoral and georgic Chalker, J The English Georgic: A Study of the Development of a Form London: Routledge, 1969 Rogers, P The Symbolic Design of Windsor-Forest: Iconography, Pageant, and Prophecy in Pope’s Early Work Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2004 Pope and the Destiny of the Stuarts: History, Politics, and Mythology in the Age of Queen Anne Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005 242 f u rt h e r r e a d i n g Ideology Barrell, J “The Uses of Contradiction: Pope’s ‘Epistle to Bathurst.’” In Poetry, Language and Politics Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988: pp 79–99 Brown, L Ends of Empire: Women and Ideology in Early Eighteenth-century English Literature Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993 Gerrard, C The Patriot Opposition to Walpole: Poetry, Politics, and National Myth 1725–1742 Oxford: Clarendon, 1994 Hammond, B S Pope and Bolingbroke: A Study of Friendship and Influence Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1984 Haydon, C Anti-Catholicism in Eighteenth-Century England, c.1714–80 Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1993 Kramnick, I Bolingbroke and his Circle: The Politics of Nostalgia in the Age of Walpole Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968 Monod, P K Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989 Skinner, Q Visions of Politics vols Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002 Young, B W Religion and Enlightenment in Eighteenth-Century England: Theological Debate from Locke to Burke Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998 Politics Aden, J M Pope’s Once and Future Kings: Satire and Politics in the Early Career Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1978 Brooks-Davies, D Pope’s “Dunciad” and the Queen of the Night: A Study of Emotional Jacobitism Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985 Cruickshanks, E Political Untouchables: The Tories and the ’45 London: Duckworth 1979 Cruickshanks, E and H Erskine-Hill, The Atterbury Plot London: Palgrave, 2004 “The Waltham Black Act and Jacobitism.” Journal of British Studies 24 (1985): 358–65 Erskine-Hill, H “Alexander Pope: The Political Poet in His Time.” EighteenthCentury Studies 15 (1981–82): 123–48 “Pope and Civil Conflict.” In Enlightened Groves: Essays in Honour of Professor Zenzo Suzuki Eds Eiichi Hara, Hiroshi Ozawa and Peter Robinson Tokyo: Shohakusha, 1996 Poetry of Opposition and Revolution Oxford: Clarendon, 1996 Gerrard, C The Patriot Opposition to Walpole: Poetry, Politics, and National Myth 1725–1742 Oxford: Clarendon, 1994 Goldgar, B A Walpole and the Wits: The Relation of Politics to Literature, 1722– 1742 Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1976 Lenman, B Jacobite Risings in Britain 1689–1746 London: Methuen, 1984 Monod, P K Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989 Rogers, P “The Waltham Blacks and the Black Act.” Historical Journal 17 (1974): 465–86 “Blacks and Poetry and Pope.” In Eighteenth-Century Encounters Brighton: Harvester, 1985: pp 75–92 243 f u rt h e r r e a d i n g Szechi, D Jacobitism and Tory Politics, 1710–14 Edinburgh: J Donald, 1984 Thompson, E P Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Black Act Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1975 A highly influential and contentious book Weinbrot, H D Britannia’s Issue: The Rise of British Literature from Dryden to Ossian Cambridge: Cambidge University Press, 1993 Crime and punishment Baines, P The House of Forgery in Eighteenth-Century Britain Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999 “‘Earless on High’: Satire and the Pillory in the Early Eighteenth Century.” Eighteenth-Century World 1:1 (2003): 28–45 “Theft and Poetry and Pope.” In Plagiarism in Early Modern England Ed Paulina Kewes Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003: pp 166–80 Bell, I Literature and Crime in Augustan England London: Routledge, 1991 Linebaugh, P “The Ordinary of Newgate and his Account.” In Crime in England 1550–1800 Ed J S Cockburn London: Methuen, 1977: pp 246–69 Reynolds, R “Libels and Satires! Lawless Things Indeed!” Eighteenth-Century Studies (1975): 475–7 Rogers, P “Pope and the Social Scene.” In Writers and their Background: Alexander Pope Ed P Dixon London: G Bell, 1972: pp 101–42 Sharpe, J A Crime in Early Modern England Harlow: Longman, 1984 Landscapes and estates Batey, M Alexander Pope: The Poet and the Landscape London: Barn Elms, 1999 Brownell, M R Alexander Pope and the Arts of Georgian England Oxford: Clarendon, 1978 Hunt, J D Garden and Grove: The Italian Renaissance Garden and the English Imagination: 1600–1750 London: Dent, 1986 Kelsall, M The Great Good Place: The Country House and English Literature Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993 Mack, M The Garden and the City: Retirement and Politics in the Later Poetry of Pope 1731–1743 Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1969 A key work, covering both landscape and politics Martin, P Pursuing Innocent Pleasures: The Gardening World of Alexander Pope Hamden, CT: Archon, 1984 Money Carswell, J The South Sea Bubble Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1960 Dickson, P G M The Financial Revolution in England New York: St Martin’s Press, 1967 Erskine-Hill, H The Social Milieu of Alexander Pope: Lives, Example and the Poetic Response New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975 Foxon, D Pope and the Early Eighteenth-Century Book Trade Ed J McLaverty Oxford: Clarendon, 1991 Nicholson, C Writing and the Rise of Finance Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994 244 f u rt h e r r e a d i n g The book trade Baines, P and P Rogers Edmund Curll, Bookseller Oxford: Clarendon, 2007 Ezell, M J M Social Authorship and the Advent of Print Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999 Foxon, D Pope and the Early Eighteenth-Century Book Trade Ed J McLaverty Oxford: Clarendon, 1991 A book of central importance McLaverty, J Pope, Print, and Meaning Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001 Rogers, P Grub Street: Studies in a Subculture London: Methuen, 1972; abridged as Hacks and Dunces: Pope, Swift, and Grub Street London: Methuen, 1980 Gender Bowers, T The Politics of Motherhood: British Writing and Culture, 1680–1760 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996 Francus, M “The Monstrous Mother: Reproductive Anxiety in Swift and Pope.” ELH 61 (1994): 829–51 Ingrassia, C “Women Writing/Writing Women: Pope, Dulness, and ‘Feminization’ in the Dunciad.” Eighteenth-Century Life 14 (1990): 40–58 Knellwolf, C A Contradiction Still: Representations of Women in the Poetry of Alexander Pope Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998 Nussbaum, F The Brink of All We Hate: English Satires on Women, 1660–1750 Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1984 Pollak, E The Poetics of Sexual Myth: Gender and Ideology in the Verse of Swift and Pope Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985 Rumbold, V Women’s Place in Pope’s World Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989 Straub, K Sexual Suspects: Eighteenth-Century Players and Sexual Ideology Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992 Williams, C D Pope, Homer, and Manliness: Some Aspects of Eighteenth-Century Classical Learning London: Routledge, 1993 Zimbardo, R A At Zero Point: Discourse, Culture, and Satire in Restoration England Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1998 Medicine and the body Nicolson, M H and G S Rousseau “This Long Disease, My Life”: Alexander Pope and the Sciences Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968 Rousseau, G S Nervous Acts: Essays on Literature, Culture and Sensibility Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004 Stephanson, R The Yard of Wit: Male Creativity and Sexuality 1650–1750 Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004 The other Barker, A J The African Link: British Attitudes to the Negro in the Era of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1550–1807 London: Frank Cass, 1978 Deutsch, H Resemblance and Disgrace: Alexander Pope and the Deformation of Culture Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996 Fabricant, C “Defining Self and Others: Pope and Eighteenth-Century Gender Ideology.” Criticism 39 (1997): 503–30 245 f u rt h e r r e a d i n g Francus, M “The Monstrous Mother: Reproductive Anxiety in Swift and Pope.” ELH 61 (1994): 829–51 Gubar, S “The Female Monster in Augustan Satire.” Signs (1977): 380–94 Stallybrass, P and A White The Politics and Poetics of Transgression Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986 Todd, D Imagining Monsters: Miscreations of the Self in Eighteenth-Century England Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995 Wheeler, R The Complexion of Race: Categories of Difference in EighteenthCentury British Culture Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000 246 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information INDEX Main references are in bold type AP = Alexander Pope Achilles, 65–7, 69, 70, 73, 74, 78, 214, 217 Addison, Joseph (1672–1719), author, 3, 7, 28, 29–30, 89, 105, 135, 146, 158, 202 Cato, 28, 29 Aeschylus (525–456 bc), Greek dramatist, 80 Agamemnon, 65, 66, 69, 70, 78 Ajax, 65, 73, 74 Akenside, Mark (1721–70), poet, 216 Allen, Ralph (1693–1764), businessman and philanthropist, 162 “Amica”, 199 Ancients and Moderns, 72, 74, 79 Anglicanism, 10, 121, 122, 126, 127, 128, 130 animal spirits, 218 Anne, Queen (1665–1714), 4, 31, 90, 111, 112, 119, 135, 233 Arbuthnot, John (1667–1735), physician and writer, 27, 31, 33, 35, 93, 143, 155, 158–9, 212, 219 Arcadia, 9, 108, 111, 112, 116 Ariosto, Ludovico (1474–1533), Italian poet, 93 Aristotle (384–322 bc), Greek philosopher, 64 Arnold, Matthew (1828–88), author, 50 Atterbury, Francis (1662–1732), churchman, 5, 31, 123, 134, 136–7, 140, 157, 199 Atterbury plot (1722–23), 5, 10, 134, 136–7, 141, 144, 147 Augustus (C Julius Caesar Octavianus), Emperor of Rome (63 bc–ad 14), 69, 76, 81, 82, 85, 98, 141, 168 Augustanism, 8, 76, 85, 121, 168 Bacon, Francis, first Baron Verulam (1561–1626), author, 17, 20 Bank of England, 176 Barber, John (1675–1741), printer, 194 Bathurst, Allen, first Earl (1684–1775), friend of AP, 162, 168–71, 194, 214 Bentley, Richard (1662–1742), classical scholar, 5, 72–4, 202 Berkshire, 9, 105, 106, 111, 113, 161, 210 Betterton, Thomas (1635–1710), actor, 1, 188 Bevis Mount, Hampshire, 162 Binfield, Berkshire, 4, 25, 29, 106, 107, 113, 161, 198 Bion, Greek poet, 108 Blackmore, Sir Richard (1654–1729), physician and poet, 38, 69, 207, 215, 216, 218 Blackwell, Thomas (1701–57), classical scholar, 81 Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, 165, 171 Blount, Martha (1690–1763), friend of AP, 16, 26, 27, 35, 112, 113, 128, 169, 177, 180, 199, 205, 206 Blount, Teresa (1688–1759), gentlewoman, 26, 112, 113, 200, 206 Blunt, Sir John (1677–1733), South Sea projector, 156 Boileau, Nicolas Despr´eaux (1636–1711), French poet, 78 Bolingbroke, Henry St John, first Viscount (1678–1751), politician, 4, 10, 22, 30–1, 33, 34, 86, 112, 120, 124–5, 127, 128, 129, 147, 162, 165, 168, 199 Bond, Denis (1676–1747), politician and swindler, 156 247 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Bowles, William Lisle (1762–1850), poet and editor, 105, 109, 220 Bridewell house of correction, London, 153 Bridgeman, Charles (c.1690–1738), landscape gardener, 166 Bridges, Ralph (1679–1758), friend of AP, 63, 64 Broome, William (1689–1745), poet, 73, 182, 190 Budgell, Eustace (1686–1737), writer, 157 Burlington, Richard Boyle, third Earl of (1695–1753), virtuoso and architect, 30, 161, 162, 164, 168–71, 172, 194, 214 Button’s Coffee House, London, 29 Byron, George Gordon, sixth Baron (1788–1824), poet, 1, 173, 218, 220 Bysshe, Edward, writer, 58 Caesar, C Julius (100–44 bc), Roman general and dictator, 81 Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, 73, 74 Camden, William (1551–1623), antiquarian, 90, 101 Caroline, Queen (1683–1727), 143, 207 Caryll, John (1667–1736), friend of AP, 26, 27, 30, 35, 112, 113, 178, 179, 188, 213 Catholic community, 9, 19, 112, 118, 136 Centlivre, Susanna (c.1669–1723), dramatist, 117, 207 Ceres, 109, 115, 172 chain of being, 47, 224, 231, 232 Chancery, court of, 157, 158, 194 Chapman, George (c.1559–1634), dramatist and translator, 65, 66, 89 Charles Edward (1720–88), the Young Pretender, 123, 139, 140 Charteris, Francis (c.1665–1732), rake and rapist, 69, 155, 156, 157 Chaucer, Geoffrey (c.1343–1400), poet, 38, 39, 151 Cheselden, William (1688–1752), surgeon, 212, 215, 216 Chetwood, William Rufus (d 1766), bookseller, 193 Cheyne, George (1673–1743), physician and author, 215–20 Chiswick (Middlesex), 4, 112, 113; Chiswick Villa, 162, 164, 168–71 Churchill, Charles (1731–64), poet, 39 Cibber, Colley (1671–1757), actor and dramatist, 5, 14, 15, 30, 33–4, 91, 146, 199, 212, 217 Cicero, M Tullius (106–43 bc), Roman orator and writer, 1, 81, 164, 168, 202 Cirencester, Gloucestershire, 162, 168–71, 173, 214 Clarke, Samuel (1675–1729), metaphysician, 128–30 Cobham, Richard Temple, first Viscount (1675–1749), soldier and politician, 162 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1772–1834), author, 38, 67, 212, 218, 219 Collins, Anthony (1676–1729), freethinker, 72 Concanen, Matthew (1701–49), writer, 143 Congreve, William (1670–1729), dramatist, 150, 186 Coningsby, Thomas, first Earl (1656–1729), politician, 156 Cotton, Charles (1630–87), poet, 98, 168 Cowley, Abraham (1618–67), poet, 165 Craftsman, The, 83, 135 Craggs, James, Junior (1686–1721), politician, 135, 140 credit, 176, 177, 184, 227 Creech, Thomas (1659–1700), poet, 187 Cromwell, Henry (1659–1728), friend of AP, 26, 150, 196, 201 Cook, Japhet (1662–1734), swindler, 155, 159, 160 Crousaz, Jean-Pierre de (1663–1750), theologian, 126, 127 Curll, Edmund (1683–1747), bookseller, 7, 11, 30, 32, 33, 60, 61, 98, 152, 191–3, 194, 195, 196, 213 Dacier, Anne (1651–1720), classical scholar, 78 Daily Gazetteer, 83 Daniel, Samuel (1562–1619), poet, 95 Davies, Sir John (1569–1626), poet, 96, 101 Dawley, Middlesex, 31, 162, 168 Defoe, Daniel (1660–1731), author, 154 deism, 72, 120, 121, 125–7 Dennis, John (1657–1734), critic, 15, 18, 26, 28–9, 30, 59, 61, 182, 194 Descartes, Ren´e (1596–1650), philosopher, 66, 130 Diana, 90, 109, 111 Digby, Robert (1692–1726), friend of AP, 140, 162, 169 Dodsley, Robert (1703–64), publisher, 182, 195 Donne, John (1572–1631), churchman and poet, 9, 40–3, 89, 95, 96 248 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Drayton, Michael (1563–1631), poet, 90, 93, 95, 108 Dryden, John (1631–1700), author, 1, 8, 38, 39, 50, 51, 82, 84, 89, 100, 110 Dublin (Ireland), 4, dunces, 5, 23, 96, 153, 154, 158, 213 Easthampstead, Berkshire, 106, 114 Eden, 110 Empson, William (1906–84), critic, 2, 16 ekphrasis, 55, 229 Elizabeth I, Queen (1533–1603), 90, 98 Enlightenment, 9, 226 epic, 15, 67, 71, 92 Erasmus, Desiderius (1466–1536), humanist, 90, 97 estates, 10, 161–74 Euripides (c.485–406 bc), Greek dramatist, 80 Evans, Abel (1679–1737), poet, 122 Exchange Alley, London, 183 Fenton, Elijah (1683–1730), poet, 182, 190 Financial Revolution, 11, 176, 227 Fleet Ditch (London), 91, 100, 116 Fontenelle, Bernard Le Bovier de (1657–1757), French author, 108 Fortescue, William (1687–1749), lawyer and friend of AP, 10, 135, 136, 137–9, 140, 141–2 Foxon, David (1923–2001), scholar, 180, 189 French Revolution, 119 Galen (Claudius Galenus) (c.130–201 ad), physician, 93, 219 Garrick, David (1717–79), actor, 19–20 Garth, Sir Samuel (1661–1719), physician and poet, 218 Gay, John (1685–1732), author, 4, 7, 26–7, 28, 30, 31, 33, 35, 93, 113, 115, 136, 137, 139, 141, 152, 179, 188, 191, 212, 213 The Beggar’s Opera, 30; Polly, 30, 31; Trivia, 115, 189 George I, King (1660–1727), 70, 112, 114, 134 George II, King (1683–1760), 5, 31, 70, 83, 85, 134, 142, 143, 144, 146, 153 georgic, 110–12, 115 Gibbon, Edward (1737–94), historian, 82, 84 Gilliver, Lawton (c.1703–48), bookseller, 182, 194–6 Golden Age, 108, 125, 140 Gordon, Thomas (c.1691–1750), writer, 81, 146–7 Grand Tour, 73, 74 Grub Street, 11, 15, 16, 153, 155, 165, 169, 183, 191, 192, 193, 196 Grub-street Journal, 195 Hampton Court, Middlesex, 5, 52, 164 Hanoverian ; accession, 4, 119 Hanoverian regime, 82, 84, 86, 119, 134, 135, 162, 173 Harcourt, Simon, first Viscount (c.1661–1727), lawyer, 138, 155 Harley administration, 4, 112 Harley, Edward see Oxford, second Earl of Harley, Robert see Oxford, first Earl of Hartley, David (1705–57), doctor and philosopher, 218 Haywood, Eliza (c.1693–1756), writer, 117, 192–3, 207, 225 Hazlitt, William (1778–1830), critic, 220 Hearne, Thomas (1678–1735), antiquarian, 122 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770–1831), German philosopher, 226 Herrick, Robert (1591–1664), poet, 108, 168 Hervey, John Baron (1696–1743), courtier, 15, 18, 33, 99, 158, 202 Hobbes, Thomas (1588–1679), philosopher, 130 Homer (Greek poet), 4, 16, 26, 51, 59, 61, 63–74, 77, 78–9, 80, 85, 108, 214 Iliad, 4, 55, 71, 74; Odyssey, 73 see also Pope, works, translations Hopkins, Gerard Manley (1844–89), poet, 39 Horace (Q Horatius Flaccus) (65–8 bc), Roman poet, 6, 9, 18, 21, 67, 68, 69, 70, 76–7, 78, 81, 82, 83–4, 86, 98–100, 113, 140, 144, 145, 165, 166, 168, 173, 187, 202; see also Pope, works, Imitations of Horace Houghton Hall (Norfolk), 165, 171 House of Lords, 31, 134, 136, 154, 195 Howard, Henrietta, Countess of Suffolk (c.1688–1767), courtier and friend of AP, 138, 162 Hughes, John (1677–1720), writer, 91 Indian kings, 232 Isle of Wight, Hampshire, 142 249 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Jacobite rising ; (1715–16), 4, 30–1, 114, 134; (1745–46), 122, 123, 124 Jacobitism, 10, 111, 119, 120, 121, 123, 134, 136, 140, 143 James II, King (1633–1701), 3, 118, 121, 122, 136, 154 James Edward (1688–1766), the Old Pretender, 134 Jefferson, Thomas (1743–1826), US statesman, 169, 170, 173 Jervas, Charles (1675–17439), artist, 49, 141 Johnson, Esther (“Stella”) (1681–1728), gentlewoman, 34, 199 Johnson, Samuel (1709–84), author, 6, 86, 183, 184, 185, 215, 220 Lives of the Poets, 14, 51, 86, 162, 183, 184, 185, 215 Jonson, Ben (1572–1637), poet and dramatist, 9, 68, 80, 94, 96, 98–9, 168 Juvenal (Decimus Junius Juvenalis) (c ad 55–c.130), Roman satirist, 8, 77, 83, 84 Kent, William (1685–1748), architect and designer, 165, 166, 214 Lamb, Charles (1775–1834), author, La Motte, Antoine Houdar de (1673–1731), French critic, 78 Lansdowne, George Granville, first Baron (1666–1735), poet and patron, 187 Lewis, William, bookseller, 187 liberty, 81, 173 Lintot, Bernard (1675–1736), bookseller, 4, 11, 59, 61, 63, 188–91, 192–3, 194 Locke, John (1632–1704), philosopher, 21, 172, 173, 215 Loddon, river, 90–1, 106, 231 London, 3, 4, 15, 19, 26, 106, 107, 112, 116, 118, 119, 161, 162, 164, 165, 186, 212, 223, 232 Longinus, Greek critic, 59, 67, 73, 74, 78, 151 Lucilius, Gaius (180–102 bc), Roman satirist, 99, 100 Lyttelton, George, first Baron (1709–73), writer and politician, 21 Mack, Maynard (1909–2001), scholar, 2, 7, 8, 16, 17, 32, 33–4, 55, 59, 70, 97, 135, 165, 185, 212, 215, 220 Mapledurham, Oxfordshire, 35, 112, 113 Marble Hill, Middlesex, 162 Marlborough, John Churchill, first Duke of (1650–1722), soldier, 165, 171 Marlowe, Christopher (1564–93), poet and dramatist, 94 Marston, John (1576–1634), dramatist and satirist, 97, 100, 101 Martial (M Valerius Martialus) (ad c.40–c.103), Roman poet, 113 Marvell, Andrew (1621–78), poet, 108, 168, 174 Marx, Karl (1818–83), political philosopher, 228 Mary II, Queen (1662–94), 3; see also William and Mary Mead, Richard (1673–1754), physician, 218 Middleton, Conyers (1683–1750), writer, 81 Milton, John (1608–74), poet, 1, 5, 38, 43, 51, 77, 85, 86, 89, 127, 162, 171, 172, 173, 204 Paradise Lost, 72–4, 80, 85, 87, 94 Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley (1689–1762), writer, 7, 17, 18, 31–3, 94, 152, 177, 191, 200, 202, 206, 211, 212, 225 Montaigne, Michel de (1533–92), essayist, 18, 21, 90, 97, 98 Moore Smythe, James (1702–34), writer, 193 Moorfields, London, 191, 192 Moschus, Greek poet, 108 Murray, William, first Earl of Mansfield (1705–93), lawyer, 127, 150, 196 Neoplatonism, 94, 169, 171 nerves, 215–20 Newcomb, Thomas (c.1681–1765), poet, 83 Newgate prison, London, 150, 159 Newton, Sir Isaac (1642–1727), physicist, 128, 219, 227, 231–2, 233 Odysseus, 65, 73, 217 Ogilby, John (1600–76), writer, 59 Old Bailey, London, 150, 153, 155 opposition to Walpole see Patriot opposition Osborne, Thomas (c.1704–67), bookseller, 193 Ovid (P Ovidius Naso) (43 bc– ad 17), Roman poet, 8, 81, 108, 113, 201 Heroides, 15, 66, 95, 204; Metamorphoses, 23, 115 Oxford, Oxfordshire, 29, 122 Oxford, Edward Harley, second Earl of (1689–1741), friend of AP, 142, 143, 194 250 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Oxford, Robert, first Earl of (1661–1724), statesman, 4, 31, 112, 156 Palladio, Andrea (1508–80), Italian architect, 162, 166; Palladianism, 5, 164 Pan, 111, 230 patriotism, 120, 125 Patriot opposition, 9, 10, 82, 86, 120, 134, 162 pax Britannica, 80, 230 penal laws, 19, 107, 112, 118, 119, 159, 198 Persius (Aulus Persius Flaccus) (ad 34–62), Roman satirist, 84 Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, third Earl of (1658–1735), soldier, 138, 162, 165 Philips, Ambrose (1674–1749), poet, 26 Pigott, Nathaniel (1661–1737), lawyer, 150 Pix Mary (1666–1709), dramatist, 207 Plato (c.427–347 bc), Greek philosopher, 70, 77, 78 Pliny the Younger (ad 61–113), Roman author, 164, 168 Pope, Alexander, Sr (1646–1717), father of AP, 3, 4, 107, 114, 119, 130, 199 Pope, Alexander (1688–1744) biographic and personal references: life general, 3–6; birth, 3, 118, 122, 176; childhood and youth, 3, 105, 106, 107, 198, 210; early reading, 3, 107, 199; influenced by elders, 3, 199; beginning of literary career, 3; education, 107, 198, 199, 216; supposed marriage, 199; care of parents, 4, 106, 166, 180, 200; death, 6, 118 health, 7, 12, 216; accident with cow, 14, 210, 211; appearance, 28, 31, 210; body, 210–20; deformity, 7, 12, 14, 16, 24, 77, 180, 198, 210, 212, 219, 225; dwarfdom, 14, 198, 210, 212, 214, 219; eyesight, 210; other illnesses, 210, 212; sexual life, 212; suspected abnormalities of genitals, 211, 212, 219; tubercular condition, 14, 198, 210, 212; wet nurse, 14, 198 homes; Hammersmith, 107; Binfield, 4, 106, 107, 161; departure from the Forest, 106, 112–14; move to Chiswick, 4, 112, 113; residence in Twickenham, 4, 5, 19, 114, 173, 175, 179, 215; villa and garden at Twickenham, 5, 10, 25, 161, 162–6, 170, 172, 185; grotto, 5, 162, 164, 165–6, 185; retirement, 19, 107, 114, 175 identity and self-fashioning, 12, 14–24, 107, 211, 212 reputation, 1–2; early, 1; Romantics, 1, 105; Victorian, 1–2, 105; twentieth century, 2, 105; feminist approaches, 2, 222; attacks on Pope, 7, 15, 28 friends and enemies; friendship general, 7, 25–35, 199; Arbuthnot, 35, 143; Atterbury, 31, 134; Martha Blount, 16, 26, 112, 199, 205, 206; Bolingbroke, 30–1, 112, 120, 165, 168; Burlington, 30, 161, 168–71; Caryll, 26, 112; Cromwell, 26, 201; Gay, 26–7, 113; Swift, 7, 34–5; enmities general; Addison, 29–30, 135; Bentley, 5, 72–4, 202; Cibber, 5, 32, 33–4, 199; Curll, 7, 31, 33, 60, 191–3; Dennis, 26, 28, 59, 182; Montagu, 7, 18, 31–3, 200, 202; Theobald, 32, 33, 59–61 language and poetic technique: style, 7; decorum, 37; diction, 50–2; epigram, 40; mock heroic, 5, 15, 64, 71, 116; sound, 8; spatial effects, 49–62; visualization, 49; voice, 8, 37 devices; alliteration, 39; antithesis, 39; assonance, 39; catalogues, 55, 56; character sketches, 46; epithets, 50; parallelism, 39; periphrasis, 50, 51; personification, 51; present participles, 51, 55; simile, 39; syntax, 8; zeugma, 233 versification, 37–48, 56; couplets, 8, 18, 37–40, 50, 54, 201; enjambment, 41, 42; iambic pentameter, 37, 39; rhyme, 39, 43, 51, 58; stress, 39, 43; verse paragraphs, 45, 46, 47, 57 interests and influences: classics, 76–87; epic, 63–74, 108; satire, 76–87 landscape painting, 229, 230; architecture, 213, 214; estates, 161–74; landscape gardening, 10, 107, 161–74, 213, 214; AP as painter, 49 medicine, 210–20; Pope’s interest, 215–20 religion, 21, 118, 121–2, 124–7, 165; Catholicism, 3, 7, 9, 14, 118, 120, 122–3, 124, 127, 128, 137, 140, 157, 179, 180, 198, 199, 200, 207, 210, 212; Catholic friends, 4, 26, 35, 134; deism, 125–7 251 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index topics book trade, 186–96; booksellers, 4, 11, 181, 186–96; copyright, 181, 189; publishers set up by AP, 182, 194; self-publication, 181, 186; subscriptions, 4, 11, 180–1, 187, 189–91; typography, 55–6, 59, 187, 188, 194 crime, 1, 150–60; benefit of clergy, 40–3, 153; lawyers, 150, 153; pillory, 152–4, 160; punishment, 150–60 Elizabethan literature, 9, 89–102 gender, 12, 198–207; femininity, 198, 199, 200, 201, 203, 205; masculinity, 198, 199, 203, 204, 212; sexual activity, 33, 199; women, 200–2, 205, 225, 233; women authors, 117, 206–7; ideology, 9, 119–31 money, 11, 175–85; alleged parsimony, 185; pension offered, 135; investments, 176, 177, 178, 179; taxation, 131, 179; earnings, 180, 182, 186, 187, 188–9, 190, 195 the other, 12, 222–35; alterity, 12, 225, 227, 228, 231, 235; non-human, 224; imperialism, 223, 227, 230; monstrous, 211, 225, 230; native Americans, 222; race, 222, 224; non-European, 222–5; savages, 223, 224; slavery, 225, 227 pastoral, 9, 105–8, 117; Arcadia, 106, 108, 111, 112; pastoral tradition, 108 politics, 6, 134–48; oppositional, 9, 10, 77, 121–3, 125, 134, 135, 162, 200; Toryism, 15, 198, 207 works: major poems; The Dunciad, 2, 6, 7, 15, 17, 19, 30, 71–4, 91, 97, 98, 120, 142–5, 155, 158, 183, 184, 192–4, 219; Augustan Dunciad, 85–6; book trade, 192–4; Cave of Poverty, 92; Chaos, 101; commercialization of art, 176, 180; compared to Rape of the Lock, 5; dedication to Swift, 34; deism, 121; The Dunciad in Four Books, 23, 30, 70, 77, 85–6, 160; The Dunciad Variorum, 31, 50; Elizabethan influences, 91–2; epic models, 71, 92; final vision, 6, 15, 19; games, 60, 192–3; heroes, 32, 33–4, 59–61, 217; Homeric background, 71–4; Jonsonian elements, 100–1; Milton in, 85, 86, 87; mud-diving, 116; “New World” portrayal of Dulness, 234–5; Nighttown, 105; notes, 31, 33, 50, 59, 61, 101; pastoral, 115–17; pillory, 152–4; presented to the King, 31, 142, 143; publication, 194, 195; rationalism, 129–30; Spenserian elements, 92; Virgil in, 71, 85, 86; women in, 206–7, 225 Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady, 58, 65–7, 93, 95–6, 151, 200 Eloisa to Abelard, 1, 4, 8, 12, 15, 16, 19, 44, 50, 56–8, 61, 65–7, 93, 94–5, 151, 200, 204–5, 211 Essay on Criticism, 1, 3, 6, 15, 16, 21, 26, 28, 40, 43, 45, 46, 51, 63, 77, 79, 151–2, 187–8, 189, 217 Essay on Man, 6, 12, 19, 22–3, 40, 45, 61, 67, 94, 96–7, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128, 131, 216, 222–5, 231–2; theodicy, 16, 22; chain of love, 47, 48; ruling passion, 67, 211; Renaissance background, 96–7; deism, 125–7, 128; orthodoxy, 128; printing, 195; on the sexes, 201; Newton in, 219, 231–2, 233, 235; poor Indian episode, 222–5, 227, 232, 235 Imitations of Donne, 40–3; Second Satire, 40–2; Fourth Satire, 42, 89, 99–100 Imitations of Horace, 2, 6, 11, 16, 25, 77, 135, 164, 182, 216; Epilogue to the Satires, 15, 25, 76, 83, 114, 146–7, 159–60, 165, 173, 212, 218; Epistle to Arbuthnot, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 24, 27, 33, 35, 46, 49, 51, 91, 105, 107, 158–9, 175, 184, 187, 200, 202, 210, 211, 219; Epistle I.i, 21–2, 98, 182, 183; Epistle I.vi, 150, 176; Epistle I.vii, 179, 182; Epistle II.i, 90, 145–6, 169, 184; Epistle II.ii, 20, 45, 93, 114, 130, 140, 169, 175; Satire II.i, 6, 18, 25, 67–70, 87, 99, 144–5, 157–8, 169, 176; Satire II.ii, 107; Sober Advice from Horace, 160, 202, 216, 230–31 Messiah, 80 Moral Essays, 6, 19, 67, 177, 182; Epistle to a Lady, 2, 6, 16, 46, 61, 96, 205–6, 225, 233–4; Epistle to Bathurst, 46, 155–6, 168–71, 176, 177, 182–3; Epistle to Burlington, 10, 61, 162, 168–71, 177, 214; Epistle to Cobham, 21, 97, 98, 205, 206 Opus Magnum (planned), 19, 195 Pastorals, 3, 15, 19, 26, 77, 109–10, 111, 186, 187 Rape of the Lock, 1, 4, 6, 8, 43–4, 52–5, 61, 64–5, 77, 93, 134, 180, 203–4; Catholic concerns, 85; Cave of Spleen, 54, 92, 211; commodification, 2; 252 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index couplets, 8, 50; compared to Dunciad, 5; gender, 203–4; and Iliad, 64–5; justice, 151; mock heroic, 4, 15, 193; payment, 189; Rape of the Locke (1712), 4, 188; Renaissance psychology, 93–4; revisions, 45–6, 203; rhythm, 43–4; spaces, 50, 52–5; sylphs, 45, 52, 54, 93, 204, 206; zeugma, 233 Temple of Fame, 92, 189 Windsor-Forest, 1, 4, 16, 77, 80, 84, 90–1, 101, 107, 110–12, 114, 115, 134, 177, 189, 217, 230–33 minor poems ; Epistle to Jervas, 49; Epistle to Miss Blount on her leaving the Town, 113; Epistle to Miss Blount with the Works of Voiture, 12, 200; Epitaph on Himself, 61, 77, 86; epitaph on Atterbury, 123; Hymn Written in Windsor Forest, 113; imitations of Chaucer ; Ode for Musick, 189; Ode on Solitude, 26, 173; On a Lady who pisst at the Tragedy of Cato, 29; Presentation Verses to Nathaniel Pigott, 150; The Universal Prayer, 126–7; Verses for Bernard Lintot’s Miscellany, 188 Translations: Homer, 2, 14, 63–74, 86, 178, 182, 186, 199, 202, 212 Iliad, 4, 7, 29, 50, 55–6, 59, 63, 77, 78–9, 80, 85, 141, 180, 189, 190, 217 Odyssey, 5, 8, 63, 67, 138, 140, 168, 180, 190, 217 Works of AP (1717), 1, 4, 14, 16, 77, 150; (1735), 196 editions: Shakespeare, 5, 32, 33, 59, 80, 190; Works of Buckingham, 136 prose works: Discourse on Pastoral Poetry, 108; Full and True Account, 191; Further Account, 152, 191; Guardian papers, 162; Key to the Lock, 189 collaborative works: Peri Bathous, 5, 69, 96; Stradling versus Stiles, 141; Three Hours after Marriage, 27, 32, 33, 93 Letters: publication, 30, 194, 195, 196; AP’s correspondence cited, 15, 18, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 94, 112, 113, 114, 128, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 147, 150, 158, 169, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 183, 187, 188, 190, 212, 213 characters in Pope’s poetry: Appius, 15, 28; Ariel, 52–4; Aristarchus, 72, 73, 74; Atossa, 16, 46; Atticus, 46, 202; Sir Balaam, 156, 182; the Baron, 54, 65, 94, 203–4; Belinda, 43–4, 45, 52–4, 61, 64, 93–4, 151, 203–4, 206, 211; Bufo, 158; Cloe, 46; Clarissa, 64, 77, 94, 203; Cotta, 156, 169; Dulness, 15, 73, 91, 92, 160, 206–7, 228, 232, 234–5; Eloisa, 19, 44, 56–8, 66, 94–5, 96, 151, 204–5, 211; Lord Fanny, 68, 105; Flavia, 46, 96; Lodona, 111, 112, 115; Man of Ross, 46, 156, 171; Sir Plume, 203; Poor Indian, 222–5, 227, 232, 235; Sapho, 32, 33, 150, 202, 211; Sporus, 15, 24, 33, 46, 99, 105, 158, 159, 202; Thalestris, 203; Tibbald, 192; Timon, 162, 169–71, 172, 173 Pope, Edith (1643–1733), mother of AP, 107, 166, 180, 200 Popish Plot (1678), 42 Prior Park (Somerset), 162 Quayle, Thomas (1884–1963), critic, 50–2 Rackett family, 136, 141 Rackett, Magdalen (c.1679–1749), half-sister of AP’s, 107, 141, 199 Ramsay, Andrew Michael (1686–1743), author, 139, 140 Rapin, Ren´e (1621–87), French critic, 108 rapture, 217–18 Renaissance, 9, 46, 65, 66, 90, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 102, 108, 165, 171, 174, 213 Restoration, 89, 205, 213, 215 Revolution of 1688, 119, 121, 122 Richardson, Jonathan, Sr (1665–1745), artist, 14, 17 Richardson, Jonathan, Jr (1694–1771), artist, 14, 17 Riskins, Buckinghamshire, 162 Rocque, John (c.1709–62), mapmaker, 166 Rome, ancient, 70, 80, 81, 82, 85, 164, 214 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (1712–78), French author, 223 Rowe, Nicholas (1674–1718), author, 150, 188 Royal Society, 93 St John, Henry see Bolingbroke Sarpedon, 63, 64, 77 Savage, Richard (c.1698–1743), poet, 143, 182 Scriblerian group, 4, 5, 6, 34, 93, 141, 212 Scriblerus, Martinus, satiric figure, 31, 33, 192 253 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Serle, John (d 1746), Pope’s gardener, 162, 165, 166 Settle, Elkanah (1648–1724), writer, 100 Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, third Earl of (1671–1713), philosopher, 125, 171 Shakespeare, William (1564–1616), dramatist, 5, 20, 43, 86, 89, 93, 94; see also Pope, works, edition of Shakespeare Sherborne, Dorset, 162, 169, 173 Sherburn, George (1884–1962), scholar, 2, 27, 30, 138 Sheridan, Thomas (1687–1738), writer, 34, 96 Sidney, Sir Philip (1554–86), poet and soldier, 172 Sophocles (c.496–406 bc), Greek dramatist, 80 Southcott, Thomas (1671–1748), priest, 139–40, 142 South Sea Bubble (1720), 11, 156, 177, 178–9 South Sea Company, 176, 177, 179 Spectator, The, 3, 29 Spence, Joseph (1699–1768), collector of anecdotes on AP, 18, 30, 39, 82, 107, 139, 140, 181 Anecdotes cited, 30, 39, 51, 82, 89, 96, 98, 105, 107, 135, 139–41, 162, 185, 189, 204, 210 Spenser, Edmund (1552–99), poet, 9, 89, 91–2, 93, 108, 171, 181 Faerie Queene, 89, 90, 91–2, 93 Spinoza, Benedict de (1632–77), Dutch philosopher, 126, 130 Stanhope, James, first Earl (1673–1721), soldier and politician, 135 Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire, 32, 33 Stationers’ Company, 196 Stationers’ Register, 194, 195, 196 Steele, Sir Richard (1672–1729), author, 3, 29, 187 Sterne, Laurence (1713–68), novelist ; Tristram Shandy, 218 stoicism, 96–7 Stowe, Buckinghamshire, 162, 173 Strand, London, 193 Stuarts, 111, 115, 119, 120, 134 Sunderland, Charles Spencer, third Earl of (1674–1722), politician, 135, 136 Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745), author, 4, 5, 7, 25, 27, 30, 34–5, 64, 79, 86, 115, 138, 139, 143, 145, 199, 212, 213; relations with AP, 6, 34–5; Gulliver’s Travels, 5, 34, 138 Tacitus (P Cornelius Tacitus) (ad c.55–120), Roman historian, 81 Tasso, Torquato (1544–95), Italian poet, 108 Tatler, The, Taylor, John (1580–1653), poet, 116, 117 “Ten Mile Act” (1689), 107, 118 Tennyson, Alfred, first Baron (1809–92), poet, 6, 38 Thames, river, 4, 52, 90, 91, 116, 117, 118, 141, 153, 162, 164, 198, 231 Theobald, Lewis (1688–1744), writer, 30, 32, 33, 34, 59–61, 153, 155 Theocritus, Greek poet, 108 Tickell, Thomas (1685–1740), poet, 29, 189 Tindal, Matthew (1657–1733), deist, 121–2 Tonson, Jacob, senior (1655–1737), publisher, 3, 11, 150, 186–8, 189, 190 Tories, 81, 136, 147 Townshend, Charles, second Viscount (1674–1738), politician, 135 Trumbull, Sir William (1639–1716), diplomat and mentor of AP, 3, 106, 114 Tusculum, Italy, 164 Tutchin, John (c.1661–1707), writer, 154 Twickenham, Middlesex, 4, 25, 114, 161, 162–6, 170, 175, 215; see also Pope, homes Twickenham edition of AP’s works, 2, 8, 59, 74, 173 Tyburn (London), 150, 153 Utrecht, Treaty of (1713), 4, 90, 177 Vendler, Helen, scholar, 22–3, 131 Virgil (P Vergilius Maro) (70–19 bc), Roman poet, 8, 16, 51, 55, 61, 77, 78, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 140 Aeneid, 71, 82, 85, 147 Eclogues, 80, 108, 116 Georgics, 80, 172 Vitruvius (M Vitruvius Pollio), Roman architect, 162, 172 Voltaire Franc¸ois-Marie Arouet), (1694–1778), author, 14, 210 Walker, Richard (1679–1764), scholar, 73, 74 Waller, Edmund (1606–87), poet, 39, 89 Walpole, Robert, first Earl of Orford (1676–1745), 10, 31, 34, 70, 83, 84, 85, 92, 123, 126, 135, 136, 138, 158, 159; 254 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84013-2 - The Cambridge Companion to Alexander Pope Edited by Pat Rogers Index More information index Atterbury plot, 134, 136–7; Dunciad, 31, 142–4; Houghton Hall, 165, 171; ministry, 5, 7, 83, 84, 86, 134, 162; opposition, 9, 82, 86, 120, 125, 134, 147; relations with AP, 135, 137–9, 142–8, 162; relations with Fortescue, 136, 141–2; Southcott affair, 139–41, 142 Walsh, William (1663–1708), poet, 25, 186, 187 Walter, Peter (c.1664–1746), steward and broker, 69, 155, 159 War of the Spanish Succession, 80 Warburton, William (1698–1779), churchman and writer, 10, 120, 121, 124–5, 127–8, 129, 144, 146, 150, 184, 196, 203 Ward, Edward (1661–1731), writer, 155 Ward, John (1682–1755), swindler, 154, 156 Warton, Joseph (1722–1800), critic and poet, Warton, Thomas (1728–90), scholar, Watts, John (c.1678–1763), printer, 29, 187 Westminster Abbey, 27, 77 Westminster School, 154 Wharton, Philip, first Duke of (1698–1731), Jacobite, 21 Whigs, 3, 81, 82, 84, 120, 129, 130, 135, 136, 156, 207 Wild, Jonathan (1683–1725), criminal boss, 159 William III, King (1650–1702), 3, 114, 115, 131, 168; William and Mary II, 107, 118, 124 Willis, Thomas (1621–75), physician, 215–20 Windsor, Berkshire, 106, 231 Windsor Castle, 230 Windsor Forest, 3, 106, 107, 112, 113 Wordsworth, William (1770–1850), poet, 1, 38, 50, 51, 106, 171, 174 Wotton, William (1666–1727), theologian, 215 Wright, John (d 1754), printer, 194–6 Wyatt, Sir Thomas (1503–42), poet, 68 Wycherley, William (1641–1716), dramatist, 3, 25, 87, 153, 195, 213 Young, Edward (1683–1765), poet, 141–2, 147 255 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org ... come to the fore in this volume The reason that the Companion is organized in part around issues such as identity, gender, the body, the history of the book, crime, and the other, goes back to. .. part of Tory moves to end the war 1712 First version of The Rape of the Lock in two cantos Messiah appears in The Spectator 1713 Pope publishes Windsor-Forest, celebrating end of the War of the Spanish... Imagination (1984), The Poetry of Alexander Pope (1989), and editor of Pope: New Contexts (1990), The Correspondence of Thomas Warton (1995), and the first complete printing of Warton’s History of English