TRUNG TÂM BDVH – LTĐH THANH TRÚC.. Lấy tân ngữ O của câu chủ động về làm chủ ngữ S của câu bị động.. Xem động từ chính của câu chủ động chia ở thì nào thì chia động từ to be ở câu bị độn
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE
(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT
I Công thức chung : BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (PP = V-ed/V3)
II Công thức của từng thì:
1 The simple present S + V(s/es) S+ am/is/are+PP
2 The pre Continuous S + am/ is/ are + V-ing S+am/is/are/+being+PP
3 The present perfect S + have/ has + PP S+ have/has+ been+PP
4 The simple past S + V2/ V-ed S+ was/were+PP
5 The past continuous S + was/ were + V- ing S+ was/were+being+PP
6 The past perfect S + had + PP S+ had+been+PP
7 The simple future S + will/ shall + V-bare S+ will/shall+be+PP
8 The near future S+am/ is/are going to+ V-bare S+am/is/are going to+be+PP
9 The Modal verbs S + can, could, shall, should, may,
might, must, have to, ought to +V-bare
S + can/could/may… + be + PP
III Quy tắc chuyên sang câu bị động:
1 Xác định S, V, O ở câu chủ động
2 Lấy tân ngữ (O) của câu chủ động về làm chủ ngữ (S) của câu bị động
3 Xem động từ chính của câu chủ động chia ở thì nào thì chia động từ to be ở câu bị động thì đó và biến đổi động từ chính của câu chủ động về dạng quá khứ phân từ (past participle) ở câu bị động
4 Lấy chủ ngữ (S) của câu chủ động về làm bổ túc từ (O) của câu bị động và viết giới từ by ở đằng trước bổ tức từ đó
IV Cấu trúc : Chủ động : S V O
Bị động : S ( BY + O)
( BE + PP)
V Examples:
1 My mother has made that cake
S V O
That cake has been made by my mother
2 Nam is asking me a lot of questions
S V O
I am being asked a lot of questions by Nam
VI Các trường hợp cần lưu ý:
1 S của câu chủ động là những đại từ nhân xưng ( he, she, you, they, we ) và các từ như: someone,
somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, thì lượt bỏ by O trong câu bị động nếu không muốn nêu
rõ tác nhân.
Ex: Someone has sent me the flowers.
I have been sent the flowers
She must do all homework before going to bed
All homework must be done before going to bed
2 Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước “by + O bị động”.
Ex: The police found him in the foresst.
He was found in the forest by the police
3. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau “by + O bị động”.
Ex: Mr Brown bought the house last week.
The house was bought by Mr Brown last week
4 Trạng từ chỉ thể cách đứng giữa “BE + PP”.
Ex: The boss has treated them badly.
They have been badly treated by the boss
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5 Đối với một số động từ có 2 tân ngữ thì 1 trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm chử ngữ của câu bị động; tuy nhiên
tân ngữ chỉ người thường được dùng nhiều hơn.
Ex: He sent me a postcard.
I was sent a postcard
A postcard was sent to me
PHẦN B: BÀI TẬP
I Change the following sentences into the passive voice
1 They built this church in 1973
………
2 Do they teach English in your school?
………
3 Nobody believes his story
………
4 Someone is following her
………
5 They asked me many difficult questions
………
6 They are repairing my piano
………
7 They are building a house, aren’t they ?
………
8 Students are doing a lot of homework
………
9 Can Mary tear the letter ?
………
10 Do you understand this lesson?
………
11 She looked after our children when we were out
………
12 Nobody has used this room for ages
………
13 The boy hit the dog in the garden yesterday
………
14 Who wrote this book?
………
15 Who has cleaned this room?
………
16 The fire has caused considerable damage
………
17 The committee is considering several new proposals
………
18 No one may open this letter, may they ?
………
19 They bought her a present on her birthday
………
20 Someone has told him to report for duty at 6.00pm
………
21 The author has written a special edition for children
………
22 They make these artificial flowers
………
23 Does John return the book he borrowed yesterday ?
………
24 They are pulling down the old theatre
………
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25 we use this room onlyon special occasions
………
26 Have they told you anything about it?
………
27 What language do they speak in Japan?
………
28 Someone has taken her bag by mistake
………
29 They haven’t done anything about it
………
30 It is time some one told him what is wrong
………
31 Ann gave the boy a ticket and led him to the theatre
………
32 Someone broke into his house and stole a lot of things
………
33 They didn’t look after the children properly
………
34 Someone switched on the light and opened the door
………
35 Why did no one inform me of the change of plan?
………
36 Maria was writing poems at that time
………
37 We will not admit children under 16
………
38 They will say nothing more about the matter if someone returns the stolen gun
………
39 You shouldn’t leave the documents on the desk.You should lock them up
………
40 No one can do anything unless someone gives us more information
………
41 Nobody swept this street last week
………
42 They are going to open a new school here , aren’t they?
………
43 You should have take these books back to the library
………
44 Your brother is washing the clothes, isn’t he ?
………
45 Have you met him before ?
………
46 The police shouldn’t allow people to park there
………
47 People mustn’t leave bicycles in the hall
………
48 Who is going to meet Ann at the airport ?
………
49 You have to do this work now
………
50 Sarah was writing a letter when I came
………
II Choose the best answer to complete the following sentenses.
1 We can’t go along here because the road _.
A is repairing B is repaired C is being repaired D repairs
2 The story I’ve just read _ Agatha Christie.
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A was written B was written by C was written from D wrote by
3 I’m going to go out and _.
A have cut my hair B have my hair cut C cut my hair D my hair be cut
4 Something funny _ in class yesterday.
A happened B was happened C happens D is happened
5 Many US automobiles _ in Detroit, Michigan
A manufacture B have manufactured C are manufactured D are manufacturing
6 We _ by a loud noise during the night.
A woke up B are woken up C were woken up D were waking up
7 Some film stars _ difficult to work with.
A are said be B are said to be C say to be D said to be
8 Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? – I don’t enjoy _ at.
A be laughed B to be laughed C laughing D being laughed
9 Today, many serious childhood diseases _ by early immunization.[ sự miễn dịch]
A are preventing B can prevent C prevent D can be prevented
10 Do you get your heating _ every year?
11 Bicycles _ in the driveway.
A must not leave B must not be leaving C must not be left D must not have left
12 Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony _ next weekend.[ Symphony: khúc giao hưởng]
A is going to be performed B has been performed C will be performing D will have perform
13 All bottles _ before transportation.
A frozen B were froze C were frozen D are froze
14 yet?
A Have the letters been typed B Have been the letters typed
C Have the letters typed D Had the letters typed
15 English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where _ for ad
ministration, broadcasting and education
16 The telephones _ by Alexander Graham Bell.
A is invented B is inventing C invented D was invented
17 Lots of houses _ by the earthquake.
A are destroying B destroyed C were destroyed D is destroyed
18 Gold _ in California in the 19th century
A was discovered B has been discovered C was discover D they discover
19 The preparation _ by the time the guest _.
A had been finished- arrived B have finished- arrived
C had finished-were arriving D have been finished- were arrived
20 The boy _ by the teacher yesterday.
21 “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”_ “They’ve already , sir They’re on your desk.”
A typed B been being typed C being typed D been typed
22 Sarah is wearing a blouse It _ of cotton.
23 They had a boy _ that yesterday.
24 We got our mail _ yesterday [have/get sth done]
A been delivered B delivered C delivering D to deliver
25 James _ the news as soon as possible.
A should tell B should be told C should told D should be telled
26 My wedding ring _ yellow and white gold.
27 Mr Wilson is _ as Willie to his friend.
28 References _ in the examination room.
A not are used B is not used C didn’t used D are not used
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29 Laura _ in Boston.
30 His car needs [sth needs doing= sth needs to be done]
31 Her watch needs _.
A repairing B to be repaired C repaired D A and B
32 My mother is going _ this house.
33 There’s somebody behind us I think we are _.
A being followed B are followed C follow D following
34 Have you _ by a dog?
A bite B bit C ever been bitten D ever been bit
35 The room is being _ at the moment.
36 It _ that the strike will end soon.
A is expected B expected C are expected D was expected
37 It is _ that many people are homeless after the floods.
A was reported B reports C reported D reporting
38 He was said _ this building.
A designing B to have designed C to design D designed
39 Ted _ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden
A got sting B got stung C get stung D gets stung
40 These tennis courts don’t _ very often Not many people want to play.
41 I’ll get Minh _ this for you.
42 Those letters _ now You can do the typing later.
A need typing B needn't be typed C need to type D needn't typing
43 “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it _ especially for me by a French tailor.”
44 Somebody cleans the room every day.
A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is every day cleaned
C The room is cleaned every day D The room is cleaned by somebody every day
45 People don’t use this road very often.
A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used
C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used
46 How do people learn languages?
A How are languages learned? B How are languages learned by people?
C How languages are learned? D Languages are learned how?
47 Over 1500 new houses _ each year Last year, 1720 new houses _.
A were built/were built B are built/were built C are building/were built D were built/were built
48 Tom bought that book yesterday.
A That book was bought by Tom yesterday B That book was bought yesterday by Tom
C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday
49 The new computer system _ next month.
A is be installed B is being installed by people C is been installed D is being installed
50 Traffic rules strictly
A followed B must followed C must be followed D must follow
Trang 6TRUNG TÂM BDVH – LTĐH THANH TRÚC Đ/C 161/1 HẢI PHÒNG ĐT: 0935.339.957 CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE (Tiếp theo)
(THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT
MỘT SỐ DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT
1 Causative form: (Thể nhờ bảo): “Have” hoặc “Get”.
a Have
* Chủ động: S + have + O.1 (person) + bare -V + O.2 (thing)
* Bị động : S + have + O.2 (thing) + past participle
Ex: I had him repair the roof yesterday
I had the roof repaired yesterday
b Get
* Chủ động : S + get + O.1(person) + to- inf + O.2 ( thing)
* Bị động : S + get + O.2 (thing) + past participle
Ex: I will get her to cut my hair
I will get my hair cut
2 Verbs of Opinion (Động từ chỉ quan điểm): Say, think, believe, know, report, rumour
Có 2 dạng bị động:
* Chủ động: S1 + V of pinion + (that) + clause (S2+V + O)
* Bị động : It + be + V of opinion ( PP) + (that) + clause.
Hoặc: S2 + be + V of opinion (PP) + to-inf
to have + PP
Ex: - They said that John is the brightest student in class
→ It was said that John is the brightest student in class
→ John was said to be the brightest student in class
- They knew that Mary won the competition
→ It was known that Mary won the competition
→ Mary was known to have won the competition
3 Verbs of perception ( Động từ chỉ giác quan): see, watch, hear,
* Chủ động: S + V + O + bare - inf / V-ing
* Bị động : S + Be + V (PP) + to-inf/ V-ing
Ex: - People saw him steal your car
→ He was seen to steal your car
- The teacher is watching them working
→ They are being watched working by the teacher
4 Câu bị động đối với động từ NEED
Sau động từ need + V-ing thì câu mang nghĩa bị động (Hoặc need + to be + PP)
Ex: The windows need cleaning
(Hoặc The windows need to be cleaned)
* Các động từ require và want cũng được dùng như need trong trường hợp này
Ex: These letters require typing
(Hoặc These letters require to be typed )
5 Câu bị động đối với động từ MAKE
MAKE thường được theo sau bởi To – infinitive khi được dùng trong câu bị động
Ex: My boss made me work hard
→ I was made to work hard by my boss
6 Cấu trúc “Let somebody do something”
Ex: He let me go I was let go/ I was allowed to go
PHẦN B: BÀI TẬP
I Choose the best answer:
1.“Those eggs of different colors are very artistic.” “Yes, they in Russia”
a were painted b were paint c were painting d painted
2 “David is in prison for smoking drugs” “He that it was against the law.”
a is telling b was told c told d tells
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3 Reagan _ an actor years ago
a is said to be b was said being c was said have been d is said to have been
4 Gold in California in the 19th century
a was discovered b has been discovered
c was discover d they discovered
5 that military spending is extremely high
a We are felt b It feels c It is felt d We feel that it is
6 They time and money doing such a thing
a were advised not to waste b were advised not to be wasted
c were advising not to waste d were advising not to be wasted
7 These students so much that they feel very tired and bored
a are made to study b are made study
c are making to study d are made to be studied
8 I in the lounge for ten minutes
a was told waiting b was told to wait
c was telling to be waited d was told to be waited
9 The students to be at school at 8 am
a tell b told c have told d were told
10 Our children to school by bus every morning
a.take b are taken c have taken d are taking
11 Bicycles in the driveway
a must not leave b must not be leaving
c must not be left d must not have left
12 Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony next weekend
a is going to be performed b has been performed
c will be performing d will have performed
13 Reagan an actor years ago
a is said to be b was said being c was said have been d is said to have been
14 I hate personal questions by nearly acquainted friends
a to be asking b to be asked c being asking d of asking
15 It that learning a foreign language a lot of time
a says/ is take b is saying / has been taken
c is said/ takes d was said/ was taken
16.All bottles before transportation
a frozen b were froze c were frozen d are froze
17 yet?
a Have the letters been typed b Have been the letters typed
c Have the letters typed d Had the letters typed
18 The application form to the university before May 31st
A must send B sent C must be send D must be sent
19 The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell
a is invented b is inventing c invented d was invented
20 Lots of houses by the earthquake
a are destroying b destroyed c were destroyed d were destroying
21 In the US the first stage of compulsory education as elementary education
a to be generally known b is generally known
c generally known d is generally knowing
22 .Education to be the most important element to develop a country
a often be considered b can be often considered
c can often considered d can often be considered
23 The preparations by the time the guests
a had been finished / arrived b have finished
c had finished / were arriving d had been finished / were arrived
24 students required to wear uniforms at all times?
a Are b Do c Did d Will
25 to you yet?
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a Are the book been giving back b Was the book been given back
c Has been the book given back d Has the book been given back
26 The house has……… after the fire
A to rebuild B to be rebuilt C be to rebuilt D rebuilt
27 The keys somewhere
a.must have been leaving b must have left
c must be leaving d must have been left
28 Japanese at the meeting
a will speak b will spoken c will be spoken d will be speaking
29 Although he tried his best, he could not make his voice
a hear b to hear c hearing d heard
30 .in that company?
a Do shoes make b Are shoes be made
c Shoes are made d Are shoes made
31 Portuguese as an official language in this city for ages
a has been spoken b have been spoken
c has spoken d had spoken
32 More than ten victims missing in the storm last week
a are reported to be b is reported to have been
c are reporting to have been d are reporting to be
33 by your father?
a Did that book write b Did that book written
c Was that book written d Was that book be writing
34 Something immediately to prevent teenagers from in factories and mines
a should be done/ being exploited b we should do/ exploiting
c should do / be exploited d should have done / exploited
35 This car
a was manufactured in Japan by Toyota last year
b was manufactured by Toyota last year in Japan
c was manufactured last year in Japan by Toyota
d last year was manufactured by Toyota in Japan
36 Why on time?
a.don’t the exercises finish b weren’t the exercises be finished
c aren’t the exercises being finished d aren’t the exercises finished
37 No longer in our office since they
a have typewriters been used / computerized
b typewriters have been used / was computerized
c have typewriters been used / were computerized
d typewriters have been used / computerized
38 When ?
a was computers used first b were computers first used
c did computers first use d are computers first using
39 That machine is useless It not been used for a long time
a.is b was c did d has
40 Everything that remained a secret
a.overheard b had been overheard
c had overheard d was overhearing
41 The refreshments by Karen
a are going to be prepared b are going to prepare
c are preparing d are to prepare
42 .by the police
a The stealing car has just been found b The stolen car has just been found
b The stealing car has just found d The stolen car has just found
43 It it is parents’ responsibility to take good care of their children
a commonly says that b commonly to be said that
c is commonly said that d is commonly saying
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44 John a respectful and obedient student
a said to be b is said c is said being d is said to be
II Choose the best answer:
45 People have discovered a new source of energy
A A new source of energy has discovered
B A new source of energy was discovered
C A new source of energy have been discovered
D A new source of energy has been discovered
46 People say that he was born in London
A That is said he was born in London
B It was said that he was born in London
C He was said to be born in London
D He is said to have been born in London
47 Today people are building many roads in our country
A Today many road are being built in our country
B Today many roads is being built in our country
C Today many roads are being built in our country
D Today many roads are being build in our country
48 People say Chinese food is the best in the world
A Chinese food is said to be the best in the world
B I agree that Chinese food is the best in the world
C Chinese food is eaten all over the world
D No food in the world is eaten as much as Chinese food
49 The storm blew a lot of trees down last night
A A lot of trees were blown down by the storm last night
B A lot of trees were cut down last night
C The storm could have blown a lot of trees down
D The storm was strong enough to blow down old trees
50 How are they going to do the assignments?
A How is the assignments going to be done?
B How are the assignments going to be do?
C How are the assignments going to done?
D How are the assignments going to be done?
51 Mr Ba bought a new house last year
A A new house is bought last year by Mr Ba
B A new house was buying by Mr Ba last year
C A new house was bought last year by Mr Ba
D A new house was bought by Mr Ba last year
52 They will ask you several questions
A You will be asking several questions
B You will be ask several questions
C You would be asked several questions
D You will be asked several questions
53 They have built two department stores this year
A Two department store are built this year
B Two department stores has been built this year
C Two department stores have been build this year
D Two department stores have been built this year
54 _ by the police
A The stealing car has just been found B The stolen car has just been found
C The stealing car has just found D The stolen car has just found
55 _ to you yet?
A Are the book been giving back B Was the book been given back
C Has been the book given back D Has the book been given back
56 They cancelled all flights because of fog
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A All flights because of fog were cancelled
B All flights were cancelled because of fog
C All flights were cancelled by them because of fog
D All flights were because of fog cancelled
57 They are building a new highway around the city
A A new highway is being built around the city
B A new highway is being built around the city by them
C A new highway around the city is being built
D Around the city a new highway is being built
58 They have built a new hospital near the airport
A A new hospital has been built near the airport by them
B A new hospital near the airport has been built
C A new hospital has been built near the airport
D Near the airport a new hospital has been built by them
59 They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview
A You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview
B You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them
C A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview
D A lot of questions will be asked at the interview
60 People don’t use this road very often
A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used
C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used
61 Somebody accused me of stealing money
A I was accused by somebody of stealing money B I was accused of stealing money
C I was accused of stealing money by somebody D I was accused stealing money
62 Somebody is using the computer at the moment
A The computer is being used at the moment
B The computer at the moment is being used
C The computer is being used by somebody at the moment
D The computer is used at the moment
63 They have changed the date of the meeting
A The date of the meeting has been changed
B The date of the meeting has been changed by them
C The meeting has been changed the date
D The date of the meeting has changed
64 It has been said that UFO sightings are increasing `
A People say that UFO sightings are increasing
B People have said that UFO sightings are increasing
C That UFO sightings are increasing is true
D UFO has been said to be inreasing
65 People consider that his speech was one of the best
A It was considered that his speech was one of the best
B People are considered that his speech was one of the best
C It is considered that his speech was one of the best
D People were considered that his speech was one of the best
66 They haven’t decided anything yet
A Nothing has been decided yet B Anything haven’t been decided yet
C Nothing has decided yet D Anything have decided yet
67 Your hair is long You ought to get it cut
A Your long hair needs cutting B You ought to have your long hair cut
C Your long hair should be cut D All are correct
68 Somebody will call Mr Watson tonight
A Mr Watson will call somebody tonight B Mr Watson will be call tonight
C Mr Watson tonight will call somebody D Mr Watson will be called tonight