╇ i Artistic Citizenship ii ╇ iii Artistic Citizenship Artistry, Social Responsibility, and Ethical Praxis ED I T ED BY DAVID J ELLIOT T M A R I S S A S I LV E R M A N AND WAY N E D B O W M A N iv Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America © Oxford University Press 2016 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Elliott, David J (David James), 1948– editor | Silverman, Marissa, editor | Bowman, Wayne D., 1947– editor Title: Artistic citizenship : artisty, social responsibility, and ethical praxis / David J Elliott, Marissa Silverman, & Wayne D Bowman Description: New York : Oxford University Press, 2016 | Includes bibliographical references and index Identifiers: LCCN 2016006024| ISBN 9780199393749 (hardcover : alk paper) | ISBN 9780199393756 (pbk : alk paper) | ISBN 9780199393770 (oxford scholarly online) Subjects: LCSH: Arts and morals | Arts and society Classification: LCC NX180.E8 A78 2016 | DDC 701/.03—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016006024 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printed by WebCom, Inc., Canada Hardback printed by Bridgeport National Bindery, Inc., United States of America ╇ v What you think an artist is? An imbecile who only has eyes, if he is a painter, or ears if he is a musician, or a lyre in every chamber of his heart if he is a poet, or even, if he is a boxer, just his muscles? Far from it: at the same time he is also a political being, constantly aware of the heartbreaking, passionate, or delightful things that happen in the world, shaping himself completely in their image How could it be possible to feel no interest in other people, and with a cool indifference to detach yourself from the very life which they bring to you so abundantly? No, painting is not done to decorate apartments It is an instrument of war —╉Pablo Picasso1 You can’t talk about the struggle for human freedom unless you talk about the different dimensions of what it is to be human And when we’re talking about art you’re talking about meaning, you’re talking about love, you’re talking about resistance, you’re talking about imagination, you’re talking about empathy All of these are part and parcel of what it is to talk about human freedom And so art is about those who have the courage to use bits of reality to get us to see reality, in light of a new reality So it’s about vision by means of imagination, it’s about empathy in terms of looking through this world and seeing the possibilities of a new world, a better world, a more decent, a more compassionate world And so be one a painter, musician, sculptor, dancer, in fact, be one a human being who aspires to learn the art of living, because in the end I think that’s what the arts are really about, how we become, all of us become, artists of living? Which has to with courage, which has to with love, which has to with justice, which has to with leaving the world better than we found it —╉Cornel West2 N OT ES Picasso in interview with Simone Téry, "Picasso n'est pas officier dans l'armộe franỗaise," March 24, 1945, in Les Lettres Franỗaises [magazine published by the National Front], V, 48 Taken from https://╉w ww.youtube.com/╉watch?v=783fMZeG8Ac, October 2, 2010, at Tonatierra Nahuacalli Embassy of Indigenous People in Phoenix, Arizona Interviewed and filmed by Ernesto Yerena vi ╇ vii CONTENTS Contributors╇ xi PART I╇ Foundational Considerations Artistic Citizenship: Introduction, Aims, and Overview╇ by David J Elliott, Marissa Silverman, and Wayne D Bowman Art and Citizenship: The History of a Divorcꕇ 22 by David Wiles New York Reimagined: Artists, Arts Organizations, and the Rebirth of a City╇ 41 by Mary Schmidt Campbell Artistry, Ethics, and Citizenship╇ 59 by Wayne D Bowman Arts Education as/╉for Artistic Citizenship╇ 81 by Marissa Silverman and David J Elliott Art as a Bad Public Good╇ 104 by Ana Vujanović PART II╇ Dance/╉Movement-╉Based Arts Movement Potentials and Civic Engagement: An Interview╇ 125 with Liz Lerman Dance It, Film It, Share It: Exploring Participatory Dances and Civic Potential╇ 146 by Sangita Shresthova Moving Comfortably Between Continuity and Disruption: Somatics and Urban Dance as Embodied Responses to Civic Responsibility╇ 163 by Naomi M Jackson 10 Re/╉imagining Artivism╇ 189 by Rodney Diverlus PART III╇ Media and Technology 11 Queer and Trans People of Color Community Arts Collective: Ste-╉Émilie Skillsharꕇ 213 by Sandra Jeppesen, Anna Kruzynski, and Coco Riot 12 Slow FAST Forward: Enacting Digital Art and Civic Opportunities╇ 233 by Jennifer Parker viii viii Contents 13 Tactical Citizenship: Straddling the Line Between Community and Contestation 254 by Eric Kluitenberg 14 Ghostly Testimonies: Re-enactment and Ethical Responsibility in Contemporary Israeli Documentary Cinema 272 by Raz Yosef and Yaara Ozery PART IV Music 15 Music, Social Change, and Alternative Forms of Citizenship 297 by Thomas Turino 16 Citizens or Subjects? El Sistema in Critical Perspective 313 by Geoffrey Baker 17 Arts-Based Service Learning with Indigenous Communities: Engendering Artistic Citizenship 339 by Brydie-Leigh Bartleet and Gavin Carfoot 18 Alchemies of Sanctioned Value: Music, Networks, Law 359 by Martin Scherzinger PART V Poetry/Storytelling 19 The Points Are Not the Point, But Do They Still Matter? A Practitioner’s Take on Spoken Word, Slam Poetry, and the Responsibility of Artists to Engage Their Audiences 381 by Kyle “Guante” Tran Myhre 20 Poet as Citizen in a Contested Nation: Rewriting the Poetry of Soviet-Occupied Afghanistan 392 by Aria Fani 21 Songs of Passage and Sacrifice: Gabriella Ghermandi’s Stories in Performance 415 by Laura Dolp and Eveljn Ferraro PART VI Theater 22 Applied Theater and Citizenship in the Puerto Rican Community: Artistic Citizenship in Practice 447 by David T Montgomery 23 Performing Citizenship: Performance Art and Public Happiness 469 by Sibylle Peters 24 Valuing Performance: Purposes at Play in Participatory Theater Practice 480 by Nicola Shaughnessy ix Contentsix PART VII Visual Arts 25 A New Letter Named Square 513 by Coco Guzman 26 Working All the Time: Artistic Citizenship in the 21st Century 521 by Diane Mullin 27 Image as Ignorant Schoolmaster: A Lesson in Democratic Equality 549 by Tyson Lewis Author Index 563 Subject Index 575 578 578 citizenship (Cont.) Indigenous communities and, 340–41, 347–49 participation and, 321–22 performativity of, 474–76 public happiness and, 476–78 in Puerto Rico, 447, 449, 450–55 racism and, 470–71 science and, 482–83 social change and, 298 in Spain, 514–17 Ste-Émilie Skillshare and, 215 as thin or thick, 525–26 transformations of, 473–74 See also artistic citizenship; tactical citizenship citizenship education approaches to, 316–17 in Brazil, 326, 328 orchestras and, 327–334 El Sistema and, 317–321 civic potential, 146–48, 157–58 civic–republican model of citizenship, 62–64, 77 civics, definition of, 23 civil rights movement, 297 Civil War Christmas (Vogel), 140–41 Clocktower Gallery (New York), 50 Collectif De Recherche Sur L’ Autonomie Collective (Research Group on Collective Autonomy; CRAC), 214, 219 Collective Creation movement, 450 colonialism, 298, 340–41 comedy, 27–29 Comhcheol (documentary), 94 committed literature, 394–95 communicative capitalism, 256–57 Communism, 30 community(ies), 23, 59–60, 206–7 community music, 81, 93, 128, 344 Comprehensive Employment Training Act (CETA), 51 Confucius, 37 Subject Index consequentialism, 67–68 consumerism, 194 content scrambling system (CSS), 373–74 contra dance, 305–11 Copyright Act (1891), 361 “The Couple in the Cage” (Gómez-Pa and Fusco), 8–9 Craigslist, 245 Creative Encounters (Matterson et al.), 482–83, 504, 505 Critical Response Process, 135–36 critical thinking, 317, 320–21 crowdsourcing, 248–49 CTS Flash Mob (Mumbai, 2011), 146–47, 154–58, 159–160 Cuba, 53 Cuban National Museum of Fine Arts (Havana, Cuba), 53 culture and the cultural, 23, 299–300 culture jamming, 194–95 curiosity, 550, 558–561 Cybernetic Serendipity (exhibition), 238 cybernetics, 238–39 Cybernetics (Wiener), 238 CYSP-1, 238 dance in ancient Greece, 24–26 new media and participatory forms of, 148–153 training vs education in, 89–91 Dance Arizona Repertory Theater (DART), 166 dance education, 89–92, 191 Dance Theater of Harlem (New York), 49 Daoism, 37 Daryā dar shabnam [Sea in Dew] (Pazhwāk), 404 “Daryā-yi nil” [“The Nile”] (Khalili), 400 data, 249–250 Days of the Commune (Beloff), 265–68 The Days of the Commune (Brecht), 265–68 decolonization, 341 579 Subject Index579 democracy in ancient Greece, 24, 27 citizenship and, 316–17 Kateb on, 521 photography and, 531–38 Rancière on, 549–554, 561 in Rome, 28 spoken word and, 384–85 in the United States, 527–539 deontology (“duty ethics”), 67–68 Desert Harmony Festival, 342–43, 345, 351 “didah-i baz” [“Open Eyes”] (Khalili), 400–401 differentiated citizenship, 340–41 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998), 366, 368–69 digital music agency and, 372–74 characteristics of, 360–66 geographies of chrysopoeia and sideropoeia and, 374–78 legislation and, 366–372 digital technology, 233–34, 238–246, 250–51, 359–360 Ding an sich (Szyhalski), 543 discipline, 323–26 Discipline and Punish (Foucault), 324–25 documentary cinema ethical responsibility of, 272–73 re-enactment in, 274–79 Testimony (film) and, 275–76, 279–287, 280, 286–87, 289–291 documentary photography, 532–38 Doras Luimní (support group for refugees), 93–94 “Double Dutch” (song), 375 Downtown Brooklyn Partnership, 55 drama therapy, 481–82 dramatic poetry, 555 Drawing Restraint (exhibition), 243 Dreamweaver (software), 241–43 Egypt, 289–290 1898 (Jóvenes del ’98), 454 Electric Posters (Szyhalski), 543, 544 Elements of Performance Art (Howell and Templeton), 502 embodiment, 165, 170 See also somatics Empty Words (Cage), 545 “Endangered Nation” (Wali), 402 England, 528–29 epic theater, 33–35 equality, 215, 329, 342 equity, 170 Eritrea, 436n5 Escuelas Para las Artes y Tradiciones Urbanas (EPATU), 330 ethic of care, 349 ethical spectatorship, 494–95 ethics applied theater and, 482, 487–490 approaches to, 67–70, 82 artistic citizenship and, 60, 64–67, 75–77, 144 art(s) and, 64–67, 70–75 Ethiopia See Ghermandi, G eudaimonia (human thriving), 7, 69–70, 82–83, 88 Europa ‘51 (film), 559–561 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 237–38 “Evolution of Dance” (video), 150 Ex, 439n32 Exit to the Interior (Parker and Parker), 242 Exploding Metropolis (Whyte), 244 Factories series (Shambroom), 535 Farkhar (literary magazine), 403–4 Faryād [Cry] (Khalili), 401 “Faryadha-yi mawzun” [“Harmonious Cries”] (Kazimi), 397 Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 370–71 15-M Movement, 515–17 First Intifada (1987–1993), 273 First Lebanon War (1982), 273 580 Subject Index 580 flash mobs Bollywood dances and, 153–54 CTS Flash Mob, 146–47, 154–58, 159–160 definition and origins of, 153 flow, 302–3 Ford Foundation, 51–52 Ford Transit (film), 276–77, 278 Fort Apache, the Bronx (film), 43 Fortune (magazine), 244 Forum Theater, 456, 458, 465 “Fragments of a Fashionable Discourse” (Silverman), 529–530 France, 527, 529–530 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, 362 freedom of speech, 27, 55–56 French Revolution (1789–1799), 28, 29 Frogtown (Huie), 536, 537 Fund for an Open Society, 120n5 Furtherfield (arts collective), 254, 260, 268–69 Future Band, 329–330 Galactic Bowling (game), 247 Games for Actors and Non-Actors (Boal), 457 “Gangham Style” (music video), 149 gender inequalities, 318, 457, 465 Geneva Conventions, 274 The German Ideology (Marx and Engels), 118 El Ghibli (online magazine), 436n2 Global Song Programme, 94 globalization, 36, 197, 234, 243–45, 473, 525 Gnutella, 362 The Good Jew? (performance), 131–32 “Got to Give It Up” (song), 376 Graceland (album), 375 graffiti, 165, 166, 195–96, 197, 214, 390 Gray Area Foundation for the Arts (GAFFTA), 245 The Green Prince (film), 275, 278 The Green Table (Jooss), 127 Grimshaw Architects, 49 guerilla art, 195–96, 240, 243 Guerilla Girls, 240 guerilla theater, 197–98 Guernica (Picasso), 97 habits, 13, 24, 26, 68, 70, 71, 74-76, 298–300, 304–5, 308–11, 387, 423 Haiti, 205–6 Hallelujah (performance), 132–36, 137–38, 142 Hamlet (Shakespeare), 496 happiness, 82, 86, 88, 89, 200, 298, 309, 476-478 “Happy” (song and videos), 158–59 Harlem School of the Arts (New York), 45 hauntology, 282–83 Healing Wars (performance), 138–141, 139–141, 145 hellnoracistdrag.tumblr.com, 202–3 high fidelity, 300, 301, 304 hip-hop, 53, 164, 165, 171–72, 174–76, 179, 180, 192, 330, 383, 390 See also urban dance Hip-hop Declaration of Peace (2001), 175 Housing and Urban Development (HUD), 51, 52 hypertext mark-up language (HTML), 237–38 “I Want Candy” (song), 375 “I Won’t Back Down” (song), 376 identification, 277, 514–15 identity, 62, 63, 64, 74, 75, 77, 78n3, 91, 113, 199, 204, 216, 225-226, 228-229, 231, 243, 249, 250, 273, 281, 282, 285, 287, 288, 290, 333, 342, 355, 388, 417, 420, 422-423, 425, 430, 432 See Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans “The Ideoplastic Materializations of Eva C” (Beloff), 267 The Ignorant Schoolmaster (Rancière), 549–550 Iliad (Homer), 381 581 Subject Index581 Illumination Project (Portland Community College), 95–97 image theater, 455–57, 458, 460 Imagining Autism project, 498–505 “Immaterial Labor” (Lazzarato), 545 Imperial Tiger Orchestra, 439n32 “The Importance and Nature of Citizenship” (Bellamy), 522–24 “In the Shadow of the Shameless Branches Laden with Bright Red Flowers” (Ghermandi), 416, 419, 420, 426, 433–34 India See Bollywood dances and flash mobs Indigenous communities (artistic) citizenship and, 339–343, 347–49, 354–55 arts-based service learning and, 344–354 non-Indigenous academics and, 343–44 Indignados, 515–17 individualism, 62, 194, 309 Inside Out: The People’s Art Project, 249 Institute for Art and Urban Resources (New York), 44 Institute of Contemporary Arts (London), 238 intellectual property (IP), 359 See also digital music interactive art, 541–42 Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), 313 International Court of Justice, 274 International Organization for Standardization (IOS), 362 International Pillow Fight Day flash mob, 153 Internet, 237–248 See also digital music Inventing Dance Africa, 49 Ion (Plato), 555 Iran, 392–93, 397, 408 Iraq, 289–290 Irish Chamber Orchestra, 93, 94 Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, 92–94 Israeli Andalusian Orchestra, 290 Israeli–Palestinian conflict documentary re-enactment and, 274–79 history of, 273–74 Testimony (film) and, 275–76, 279–287, 280, 286–87, 289–291 Zionism and, 286–89 Italy See Ghermandi, G “I’timād-i bih khūd” [“Self-reliance”] (Khalili), 402 It’s Bigger Than Hip-Hop (Asante), 192 Der Jasager (Brecht), 30–31, 32–38 jazz, 72 Jóvenes del ’98 (youth theater group), 453–54, 464–65 Joyce Theater (New York), 45, 49, 51 Juan José Landaeta Conservatoire (Caracas), 314 justice, 69, 84, 86, 489–490 Kepler Explorer (app), 247 Klein technique, 167–68 Kristallnacht (9–10 November 1938), 10 krump, 174 K.R.U.M.P (Kingdom Radically Uplifted Mighty Praise), 174 “lā ilāha illā allāh” [“There Is No god But God”] (Khalili), 402–3 labor movement, 197 ladder of participation, 318–19 Lahti Symphony Orchestra, 327–28 Lake Street USA (Huie), 536–38 LaMama Experimental Theater Club (New York), 48, 49, 50 Last Poets, 383 Law for Citizenship Security (“Gag” Law, Spain), 514, 515 Laws (Plato), 24, 83, 85 LearningToLoveYouMore.com (website), 248–49 Lehrstücke (learning plays), 30–31, 32–38 Leslie Neal Dance, 8 582 582 “Letters Upon the Aesthetic Education of Man” (Schiller), 469 Leviathan, 254–56 libcom.org, 196 liberal–individualist model of citizenship, 62–64, 77 libraries, 235–36 Libya, 436n5 The Life and Death of American Cities (Jacobs), 42 The Lion King (musical), 375 Living Theater, 449–450 London, 153 Los Angeles Times (newspaper), 313, 322, 323 Macy’s flash mob (New York, 2003), 153 madamismo, 434 Mahabharata (Brook), 49 Mahagonny (Brecht), 30, 33 mainstream activism, 193 Majestic Theater (New York), 49, 50 make/shift (zine), 217 Il manifesto (newspaper), 439n38 Manifesto Alphabet (Guzman), 513–14, 517, 518–520 March for Civilization (Rotterdam–The Hague, 2011), 107–8 “Marg-i khūrshid” [“Death of the Sun”] (Pazhwāk), 405–7 Marg-i khūrshid [Death of the Sun] (Pazhwāk), 404 Mark Morris Dance Company, 55 Marxism, 30, 95 masēnqo (one-string fiddle), 427 mask making and performance, 450, 452–53, 465 Die Massnahme (Brecht), 32–38 masTaller (theater company), 452, 453 Mechanical Turk, 377 Memoir of a Visionary (Pantoja), 462–63 Memoirs of Bjork-Geisha (Parker and Takemoto), 243 mental health, 200, 224 Subject Index métissage, 434 Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York), 54, 56 Migrant Mother (Lange), 534, 534 Millionaires for Bush, 195 MIT Media Lab, 239 Modern Persian Literature in Afghanistan (Ahmadi), 398 Morocco, 289–290 Motion Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) digital format, 362 mousikê, 23, 83, 84–88 Mumbai terrorist attacks (2008), 155 “Musāhibah bā kūdak-i afghān” [“Interview With an Afghan child”] (Pazhwāk), 405, 407 El Museo del Barrio (New York), 44, 50, 54, 461–62 Museum of Contemporary African Diaspora Arts (MoCaDa, NewYork), 55 Museum of Modern Art (New York), 56 Museum of the Chinese in America (New York), 49 Museum of the Moving Image (New York), 44, 54 Museums and Happiness (Fujiwara), 200 music in ancient Greece, 24–26, 84–88 commodification and decommodification of, 360–63 definitions of, 23 fields of, 300–305 origins and evolution of, 4 power of, 297 in Rome, 28 social change and, 297–98 as techno-rhizome, 363–64 Music as Social Life (Turino), 299 music education, 92–94, 314–16, 327– 334 See also El Sistema (Venezuela) Musical Futures, 332 MusicWorks, 330 583 Subject Index583 El Nacional (newspaper), 322–23 Nadar (G.-F Tournachon), 532 Namibarim zi khātir [We Shall Not Forget] (Taraghi), 408 Napster, 362, 369–370 National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), 50–51, 53, 244–46 National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), 50–51 National Theatre (Puerto Rico), 460 National Youth Orchestra, 318 nationalism, 31, 111, 297 nationality, 63 Nazi Germany, 10, 202, 297, 301 neocolonialism, 203–4 neoliberalism, 104–6, 112–13, 116–17, 200, 201 Netherlands, 106–9 Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity), 34 New 42nd Street, Inc., 54–55 New Deal, 529, 534–35 New Museum (New York), 45, 49 New York City activism in, 240 AIDS epidemic in, 55 Bread & Puppet Theater in, 196 documentary photography in, 533 fiscal crises in, 41–43, 56 flash mobs in, 153, 154 funding and, 50–52, 55–56 indigenous culture in, 52–54 leadership in, 54–55 Living Theater in, 449–450 Meatpacking District in, 236–37 public schools in, 56 Puerto Ricans in, 460–64 role of artists in, 41–42, 47–48, 236 role of arts organizations in, 41–42, 43– 47, 48–50, 236 New York Daily News (newspaper), 41 New York Public Library (NYPL), 235–36 New York State Council on the Arts, 50 New York Times (newspaper), 43 New York University (NYU), 450–55 Next Wave Festival (New York), 49 Nile Project Collective, 427 Nineteen Eighty-Four (Orwell), 317 Nisga’a Nation, 340–41 Noh theater, 30–32 nonmaleficence, 489, 494 Northern Spark (art festival), 543–45 Not An Alternative (arts collective), 254, 260, 268–69 Nuclear Weapons series (Shambroom), 535 Occupy Wall Street (OWS), 195, 197, 254, 260, 264, 265–68 Oceanic Scales (interactive puzzle), 233–34 Odyssey (Homer), 381 Oedipus, the King (Sophocles), 87 Offices series (Shambroom), 535 OpenLab (UCSC), 233, 247, 249 Operacion Pandora, 514–15 Operation Cast Lead, 274 Operation Defensive Shield, 274 orchestras, 314–16, 327–334 See also El Sistema (Venezuela) Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, 327, 328 The Other America (Harrington), 54 Other Scene, 110 Our Schools, Our Selves (Diverlus), 191, 205 Our Town: Creative Placemaking program, 244–46 overdetermination, 360 The Package (Hunt), 453 paideia (character and civic education), 83 Pakistan, 392–93 Palmlines (Parker), 243 panopticism, 324–25 Paradox of the Actor (Diderot), 29 Paris commune (1871), 265–68 participation arts education and, 318–19, 321–22 Lerman on, 128–130 social media and, 248–49 songs and, 297 584 584 participatory art, 541–42 participatory dance, 146-153, 156-160 participatory music characteristics of, 302–4 contra dance as, 305–11 definition of, 300 habit change and, 304–5, 308–11 pedagogical unconscious, 549–554, 555–58 Pedagogy of the Oppressed (Freire), 95 peer-to-peer file sharing, 362–63 People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), 392–93, 398, 405–6, 407–8 Performance Affects (Thompson), 483–85 performance poetry See spoken word and slam poetry Performing Citizenship (Hamburg), 471–72 personhood, 5, 7, 299–300, 452, 527 Peru, 304–5 The Phaedo (Plato), 85 photography, 267, 531–38 physical theater, 450, 454–55, 465 Piyādah āmadah būdam [I Came on Foot] (Kazimi), 407 placemaking, 244–245, 246 plagiarism, 375–76 Play, Creativity, and Social Movements (Shephard), 147 Podemos, 515 Poetics (Aristotle), 26, 35 poetry Plato on, 554–55 sociological approaches to, 393 See also spoken word and slam poetry poetry slam See spoken word and slam poetry Politics (Aristotle), 22, 26, 87 politics, definition of, 23 Polonsky Shakespeare Center (New York), 49, 55 Portland Community College (PCC), 95–97 portraiture, 530–31, 530–31, 532 poverty, 138 Subject Index The Practice of Everyday Life (de Certeau), 258–260 praxis, 6–7, 59, 90–92 Praxis Group, 197–98 President’s Committee on the Arts and Humanities, 56 prisons, 8 privilege, 204–5 profeminism, 218 program-related investments (PRIs), 51–52 protest art, 196–97 Protestant ethics, 117 PS (New York), 44, 50 PS 122 (New York), 44 psychoanalysis, 550–51 public good See “bad public good” public happiness, 476–78 PublicArtSpaces.org, 245 Publicity’s Secret (Dean), 256–57 Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans applied theater and, 449–455, 457–460 history and culture of, 448–49, 454 identity and citizenship of, 447, 449, 450–55, 460–65 puppetry, 196 qene (poetic style), 425–26 Qissah-yi sang va khisht [A Tale of Stone and Brick] (Kazimi), 407 Quebec Music Educators Association, 325 Queens Museum (New York), 44, 49, 50, 54, 55 queer theory, 219–220 “Quel certo temperamento focoso” (Ghermandi), 445n45 question-based approach, 485–86 Qur’an, 400 Raas (Bollywood dance team), 154 racism, 349, 449, 470–71 The Rage of the Millennium (Jóvenes del ’98), 454 Random Access Memory (RAM), 366 Rang De Basanti (film), 155–56, 157 585 Subject Index585 “Rang De Basanti” (song), 146 rap, 165, 181, 383 real-socialist societies, 106, 112 Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), 373 Regina di fiori e di perle (Queen of Flowers and Pearls) (Ghermandi), 416, 417, 419, 420, 425–29, 431–32, 434 relational aesthetics, 541–42 Remote Control (Jóvenes del ’98), 454 Renaissance, 28 Republic (Plato), 83–86, 555 resistance art, 196–97 resistance literature, 393–95, 425 See also shi’r-imuqawimat (Afghan poetry of resistance) Resistance Literature (Harlow), 393 restorative justice, 125–26 RFK in EKY: The Robert F. Kennedy Project (Malpede), 9–10 The Rise of the Creative Class (Florida), 244 role-play, 463–64 Rome and Roman Empire, 28–29 Saatchi and Saatchi (advertisement firm), 260 Safe House: Still Looking (performance), 131–32 San Francisco See Blue Trail (San Francisco) San Francisco Mime Troupe, 449–450 San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMoMA), 243 Sawr Revolution (1978), 392, 395, 397, 398, 399 School of Visual Art (New York), 239 science, technology, engineering, and manufacturing (STEM), 247–49 Scrine Foundation, 506n5 Second Intifada (2000–2005), 274 Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) coalition, 370, 373–74 the self, 299–300 self-empowerment, 221–22 Sensation (Ofili), 55–56 Serbia, 109–12 Shabhā-yi āvārigi (Nights of Displacement) (Khalili), 401 Shehechianu (performance), 132–33 Shinto, 37 Shipyard Project, 133, 142–43 shi’r-imuqawimat (Afghan poetry of resistance) context and critical background of, 392–96 Kazimi and, 397, 399, 407–10, 411 Khalili and, 396, 399–403, 407, 411 literary historiography of, 397–99 marginalized voices in, 403–7 rubric of resistance in, 396–97, 410–11 silence, 284–86, 286 Silent Disco flash mob (London, 2006), 153 Simón Bolívar Symphony Orchestra, 318, 324 El Sistema (Venezuela) citizenship education and, 317–321 criticisms of, 321–23, 334 discipline and, 323–26 orchestral model and, 315–16 origins and evolution of, 313–14 Six Day War (1967), 273 Skinner releasing technique, 167–68 slam poetry See spoken word and slam poetry slavery, 448–49, 451 social change, 297–98 social cohesion theory, 4 social cohorts, 299–300 social fields, 300 social justice artistic citizenship and, 89, 91, 99 artivism and, 191–93, 202 arts education and, 89 social media citizenship and, 515–16 Leviathan and, 255–56 participation and, 248–49 tactical citizenship and, 264, 268 586 586 social practice art, 541–42 society, definition of, 24 sociologism of literature, 393 solarSonic (art installation), 247–48 Somalia, 436n5 somatics, 167–171 See also Arizona State University (ASU) dance program “A Song for Mamma Heaven” (Ghermandi), 416–17, 419, 420–21, 431, 433–34 songs and singing Ghermandi and, 428–432 grain of the voice and, 290–91 participation and, 297 plagiarism and, 375–76 in Testimony (film), 286, 287, 289–291 SonicSENSE (Haynes), 243 Sony v. Universal, 369 Soros-realism, 120n5 The Sounds of Capitalism (Taylor), 304 Soviet Union, 392–93 Spain, 514–17 spectatorship, 27–28, 95, 494–95 Specters of Marks (Derrida), 282–83 spiritual(ality), 31-32, 88, 132, 163, 168, 172, 173, 174, 180, 182, 304, 311, 345- 346, 422, 425, 462, 517 spoken word and slam poetry artistic citizenship and, 387–391 criticisms of, 383–85 definitions of, 381–83 principles in, 385–87 Sri Lanka, 483–84 “Stay With Me” (song), 376 Ste-Émilie Skillshare (community arts collective) citizenship and, 215 descriptions of, 213–18 as DIY arts center, 220–25 objective of, 231 queer antiracist politics at, 225–230 research at, 218–220, 218 Step Up 2: The Streets (narrative dance film), 149 Subject Index Stoicism, 28 storytelling as activism, 434 art as, 192–93 Ghermandi and, 428–432 The Street (Bearden), 42–43, 42 street art, 195–96, 197 student-led movements, 197 Studio Museum in Harlem (New York), 43–44, 49, 50, 51–52, 54 Subh dar zanjir [Morning in Chains] (Kazimi), 407 Sugar Hill dance weekend (Bloomington, Indiana), 307–11 Surūd-i shahidān [Song of Martyrs] (Khalili), 401 “Tūfān-i marg” [“Hurricane of Death”] (Khalili), 401–2 tactical citizenship actor-network theory and, 258–260 Beloff and, 254, 260, 265–68 communicative capitalism and, 256–57 Furtherfield and, 254, 260–62, 268–69 Leviathan and, 254–56 Not An Alternative and, 254, 260, 262–65, 268–69 role of, 254, 268–69 Taíno, 448–49 The Talent Code (Coyle), 205 Taniko (Noh play), 30–32, 36–38 Taxi Driver (film), 43 Teaching Dance to Senior Adults (Lerman), 127 Teatro Campesino, 449–450 Technology/Transformation (Birnbaum), 238–39 “Il telefono del quartiere” (“District Phone”) (Ghermandi), 436n2, 445n45 Telematic Embrace (Ascott), 238 Teresa Carreño Youth Orchestra, 332 terrorism, 169, 514–15 Testimony (Felman and Laub), 278–79 587 Subject Index587 Testimony (film), 275–76, 279–287, 280, 286–87, 289–291 tezetā (song form), 427, 432–33 theater in ancient Greece, 26–28, 84 arts education and, 29–38 in the Renaissance, 28 in Rome, 28–29 theater education, 95–97 Theater for a New Audience (New York), 49, 55 Theater for Development (TfD), 490 Theater Instituut Nederland, 107 Theater of Research, 472–73 Theater of the Oppressed (TO), 95–97, 455–58, 483, 490 The Thin Blue Line (film), 278 third place, 538–39 Third Place (Minneapolis), 538–39 This Exquisite Forest (website), 249 The Threepenny Opera (Brecht), 30 TIE movement, 34 Time (magazine), 43, 269n1 Times Square (New York), 45 Tin Pan Alley, 361 Ting Theatre of Mistakes, 502–3 Tiuna el Fuerte, 331 Tofo Tofo, 375 Toronto Arts Foundation, 200 tragedy, 26–28, 29 Translocate (Parker), 242 Transmutations, 249 Trio Kazanchis, 439n32 Truisms (Holzer), 97 Tunisia, 289–290 unhappiness, 476 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), 64–65 United States (artistic) citizenship in, 527–539 Puerto Rico and, 449, 454 See also specific cities El Universal (newspaper), 322 University Avenue Project (Huie), 538, 538–39 University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), 233, 240–42, 247 University of Puerto Rico (UPR), 449, 458–460 University of Washington, 194 Untitled (Shambroom), 535, 536 Urban Bush Women, 138 urban dance, 171–76 See also Arizona State University (ASU) dance program Urban Development Action Grant (UDAG), 51 US Department of Labor, 51 V2_, 107 vandalism, 195–96 V-effekt (estrangement), 35, 266–67 Venezuela See El Sistema (Venezuela) “Il viaggio di nonna Hagosà” (Ghermandi), 445n45 virtue ethics, 68–73, 82 visual arts education, 97–100 Waltz with Bashir (film), 275 “Watan wa darrih-i zibā yi mari” [“Homeland and the Beautiful Murree Valley”] (Khalili), 401 “Watermelon Man” (song), 375 Water-Wheel project, 249 Web 2.0, 247–49 See also social media “Where the Hell Is Matt?” (videos), 149–150 “Whitman and the Visual Democracy of Photography” (Folsom), 531–32 Whitney Museum (New York), 56 Who Are These Children? (Britten), 11 Why Survive? Being Old in America (Butler), 128 Winanjjikari Music Centre (Tennant Creek, Australia), 345, 352 women, 241 Women’s Action Coalition (WAC), 240 588 588 Women’s Art Movement, 240 “Words in the Balance” (Edwards), 398 World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), 376 World Wide Web, 237–38 See also Internet Writers’ Association of Afghanistan, 398 Y no había luz (theater company), 450–51, 452, 453 Subject Index Yes Men, 195 You Don’t Look Like (Cardona), 454–55 Young Boy Coal Miner (Hine), 533, 533 Z32 (film), 277 ZERO1: Art and Technology Network, 246 Zionism, 286–89 “Zones of Silence: Orality, Archives and Resistance” (Highmore), 422–23 589 590 591 592 ...╇ i Artistic Citizenship ii ╇ iii Artistic Citizenship Artistry, Social Responsibility, and Ethical Praxis ED I T ED BY DAVID J ELLIOT T M A R I S S A S I LV E R M A N AND WAY N E... Silverman, Marissa, editor | Bowman, Wayne D., 1947– editor Title: Artistic citizenship : artisty, social responsibility, and ethical praxis / David J Elliott, Marissa Silverman, & Wayne D Bowman... and Sacrifice: Gabriella Ghermandi’s Stories in Performance 415 by Laura Dolp and Eveljn Ferraro PART VI Theater 22 Applied Theater and Citizenship in the Puerto Rican Community: Artistic Citizenship