Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com BREAK THE CODE Cryptography for Beginners rea kthecod ryp tograph Drb egin ner isn nigs die (1q6 igoJ qyi be srIW 6Si< Bud Johnson www.Ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com l^reak the (Zode Cryptography for Beginners 7§>uA Johnson Illustrations Dover by Larry Daste Publications, Inc New York Mineola, www.Ebook777.com dedication To my beautiful belief and encouragement To M/Sgt Jimmy West, excitement and complexities who "awakened" me And —my love, my partner, without whose insight, my crypto career would not have happened wife, Evelyne to the of cryptography memory of Sgt William E (Bill) Kelly, my Army Air Corps buddy From the jungles to the desert, we 'crypt' through it all from cryptography school to a lifelong friendship, you made it a blast, Kel to the loving -About UC BR J Bud Johnson served joe 1997 cryptanalyst for the the 7Autkot World War in Army II as a cryptographer/ Air Corps The activities of his and other overseas field intelligence units in the interception of enemy coded messages and Normandy and code the capture of codes equipment were important contributions to the successful landings of the Allied invasion forces, in June 1944, as well as to the war was honored by the French June 1994, Bud Johnson government with two medals for his effort in general In wartime work Copyright Copyright © 1997 by Bud Johnson under Pan American and International Copyright All rights reserved Conventions Published Don in Canada by General Publishing Company, Ltd., 30 Lesmill Road, Mills, Toronto, Ontario Published in the United Kingdom by Constable and Company, Ltd Bibliographical Note Break the Code: Cryptography for Beginners Dover is a new work, first published by Publications, Inc., in 1997 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicalwn Data Johnson, Bud Break the code by Larry Daste p : cryptography for beginners / Bud Johnson ; illustrations cm ISBN 0-486-29146-4 Cryptography 1997 (pbk.) I Title Z103.J65 652' 8—dc21 97-19323 Manufactured Dover in the United States of America 2nd Street, Mineola, N.Y 11501 Publications, Inc., 31 East Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com (Zontents Introduction iv "Crypto" Talk v Sample grid sheet vii Sample alphabet blanks viii Simple Letter Grouping Secret messages Nos 1-8 The Reverse Trail 12 Secret Shift messages Nos 9-16 Code 22 Secret messages Nos 17-25 Make Your Own Secret Message Key Word Code 34 Secret messages Nos 26-34 Make Your Own Secret Message Date Shift Code 46 Secret messages Nos 35-43 Make Your Own Secret Message Twisted Path Code 58 Secret messages Nos 44-51 Make Your Own Secret Message Solutions to the Secret Messages www.Ebook777.com 69 3nt iocLuctLon f ENCOD INGAN DDECO DINGA RELOT SOFFU NWXYZ No, it's in this case, not gibberish! Read ENCODING Keep message reads: (Those nonsense by letter letter until Encoding and decoding are letters at the end You now know one way you find a lots of fun (wxyz) —"wxyz" — make the message even to word going and you'll find that the coded decode —but can you trickier to read!) EGASS EMDED OCEHT KAERB It's easy Just read the Almost everyone message backwards is intrigued by to Break the coded message In fact, over the centuries secrets many famous people — and some infamous ones, too —have used secret methods of writing Even today, governments, businesses and all sorts of organizations regularly use codes to communicate In our book, we'll introduce how learn and how And each technique works to to some you'll if have plenty they don't, Have how to use that technique to create your throughout these pages but you of the techniques used in mysterious global world of codes, ciphers and secret writing You'll this fun! all to solve with all break that kind of code own the practice messages scattered The cartoons may help you solve the of the solutions are printed at the Enjoy! secret messages end secrets of the book Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com [ere an some terms commonly used by ayptagraphei s BREAKING A CODE Discovering (learning) the intricacies of the formula that someone has used to unknown to you The process of unravelling such a code can be very complex, and may require breaking scores or hundreds or even thousands of coded messages before the actual code itself can be broken create a code BREAKING A MESSAGE The act of translating a message from code to cleartext CLEARTEXT or IN THE CLEAR or PLAINTEXT A message written in plain language, as opposed to a coded or enciphered message CODES and/or CIPHERS These terms are sometimes used interchangeably Technically, however, book or a periodical and the receiver; both must have the code key being used for a message Without the code book and code key, it is impossible to break a coded message Ciphers are more interesting In a cipher, each plaintext letter is changed by substituting another letter for it, or by transposing (shifting) it in some way To avoid unnecessary confusion in terminology, this book uses the words "code," "encoding" and "decoding" to describe selected techniques for secret a code requires the use of a code book, or a pre-selected known only to the sender writing CODE BOOK A book containing words and /or symbols used in coded messages, together with their actual (plaintext) meaning — — Words or symbols sometimes both used in combination to denote the type of code being used, along with one or more key elements of the code or cipher In the "twisted path" code, for example (see pp 58-9), a sample code key is 5x6V —containing all T I i t J, R/L of the basic information one needs to break a specific coded message www.Ebook777.com "CRYPTO" Slang (among fellow professionals) for "cryptographer" or "cryptanalyst." CRYPTOGRAPHY The art and science of creating and breaking codes and ciphers DECODING The process of changing a coded message back into its original plaintext form ENCODING The process of changing plaintext into code MONOALPHABETIC / POLYALPHABETIC In a monoalphabetic system, one letter substitutes for one In a polyalphabetic system, one letter the may stand and only one letter in place of different letters within same message GARBLE or GARBLED MESSAGE An encoded message that has been messed up due to errors in its transmission or reception The text may skip one or more letters, letter groups and /or whole sections of the message NULL(S) A dummy or nonsense letter or group of letters inserted in a message—usually at its beginning or end The purpose of the null is to group in an encoded message fill out a short (incomplete) 5-letter or 4-letter SUBSTITUTION CIPHER A code that exchanges one plaintext letter for another TRANSPOSITION CIPHER A code that changes the order or sequence of letters in the plaintext message Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com www.Ebook777.com ^Ready-made ^Alphabets fact Ski-fat and Key TOoid (Zodes A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O p Q R S T U V w X Y A B c D E F G H I J K L M N O p Q R s T u V w X Y Z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I I K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y A B c D E F G H I I K L M N p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V w X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K L M N o p Q R s T u V vv X Y z A B c D E F G H I J K M N o p Q R T u V w X Y z L s Z z Secret Message No Code: Key: 44 Twisted Path code 5x5S t | t | t R/L [Reminder: This means "Draw a square matrix that measures cells x cells Print out the coded message by following the direction of the 'twisted path' as shown by the arrows In this case, the path flows from the right side of the matrix to the left side."] Coded message: RELNT TAERV Cleartext message: QTNGE EEOST EMGHM Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No Code: Key: 45 Twisted Path code 10x7H t^ T/B [Reminder: This means "Draw a horizontal matrix that measures 10 cells wide x cells high Print out the coded message by following the direction of the 'twisted path' as shown by the arrows In this case, the path flows from the top of the matrix to the bottom."] Coded message: YLLAU TNEVE SSELD RAGER ESNOC EHTFO QUENC ESWEW MOTEV AHLU UCSID OTTEE SMRET ENTSS Cleartext message: www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No Code: Key: 46 Twisted Path code 4x5V |t|t R/L [Reminder: "V" describes a vertical matrix Otherwise, follow the usual instructions.] Coded message: YBFWP EOOED DLRLE KAPIU Cleartext message: 62 Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No 47 Code: Key: Twisted Path code 9x5H www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No Code: Key: 49 Twisted Path code 7x5V t HH l/R Coded message: TMHWA ICRNS NEIRE LOBYI UISDY LLAMS DTOES Cleartext message: 65 www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No Code: Key: 50 Twisted Path code 10x4V MM IVR Coded message: NNHNR DGIOG OSIOO AOTRX GNBHH SRSOU RNTER SSSIM Cleartext message: 66 Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com Secret Message No 51 Code: Key: Twisted Path code 9x10V HtJtttJt L/R Coded message: TEIZO HJRAO UNYOO TINNH RCPYP STEDI SOFSO EETEB UXODY FBOFI DTAOO FERTS THNEU UULED HEONN ERLNY WFICN YLWLE [Watch out for a new twist with the nulls!] Cleartext message: 67 www.Ebook777.com Own /l\akc "y-out Reverse to the decoding process Szctet /Kessa^e when you want dispatch to your fellow cryptographer STEP ONE: to Here's Write your secret message This is encode your own message how to it our message for today: ARE YOU READY TO DO SOME HEAVY-DUTY CRYPTOGRAPHY? I AM! STEP TWO Count the number of letters There are 43 STEP THREE: in the message Don't count punctuation letters in Do you need nulls to fill our message out the message? (The message has to divide evenly into 5-letter groups.) Our message needs nulls We've picked the nulls XZ STEP FOUR: Choose a matrix with enough to even out cells to fit the to 45 "cells." message There are two possibilities for a 45-cell message: a 9x5 horizontal matrix or a 5x9 vertical matrix Let's go with 9x5H STEP FIVE: Outline that matrix on a piece of grid paper Then write in the message u £ E A h M E H E A V y D U T R T & Z Y C Y p A M X z A P H Y A R E Y D r T o Make up a "twisted path." Use Here's ours: that "twisted path" to Tj|t|jTT encode the message AYEDA PCHYR ETERH YOAYY IPVDO UOYTA RSDOM XGUOE ZRTMA STEP SEVEN: Send that secret message to your fellow codebreaker BUT DONT FORGET TO INCLUDE THE CODE KEY! Our code key is: 9x5H ttHtU ft L/R L/R Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com flotations to the Scctet /Kessa^es www.Ebook777.com Solutions to the (NULLS appear Secret /Kessa^es as capital letters in parentheses.) SIMPLE LETTER GROUPING Secret Message No York Public Library located "The Big Apple." (OQBR) Secret Message No page / Patience and Fortitude are renown landmarks, and the "mane" guardians, at the main entrance of the New at Fifth Avenue and Forty-second Street in New York City, AKA [also known as] page / — — "The Lone Eagle" Charles Augustus Lindbergh flew "The Spirit of St Louis" on his historic flight, which in retrospect can be likened to the placing of the first span of the now much-traveled "air bridge." (RWMB) Secret Message No The profusion page / of products related to the inventive genius of Thomas Alva Edison touch the lives of the majority of the population spanning the globe, contributing to their comfort and well-being (BCR) Secret Message No page / Exhibiting rare foresight, blessed with oratorical magnificence and possessing aspirations and dreams beyond compare, Dr Martin Luther King Jr was a singular giant with the power of outstanding leadership (Q) Secret Message No page / Creator and conductor of the "underground railroad," the astonishing innovator Harriet Tubman, though born a slave, held forth a free spirit, exhibited feats of remarkable heroism and became an inspiration to peoples of the free world (TZ) Secret Message No Recognized page / for her distinguished career as justice of the an assistant attorney general, state senator and a Superior Court the first woman appointed to serve as an associate Day O'Conner, born in El Paso, TX, was U S Supreme Court (MZ) judge, Sandra Message No / page 10 among American jurists, Ruth Bader Ginsberg, born in Brooklyn, NY, is the second woman appointed Supreme Court A professor of law, she gained wide recognition and was noted for her accomplishments toward helping to end institutionalized discrimination against women (X) Secret Notable to the Secret Message No page 11 / (PTRP) Nurturing the Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein became a Nobel Laureate for his work in physics Although some of his concepts and theories did not gain universal acceptance, his scientific and social efforts and free thinking gained him worldwide recognition THE REVERSE TRAIL Secret Message No Secret Message No 10 / page 15 Secret Message No 11 / page 16 Secret Message No 12 / page 17 Secret Message No 13 / page 18 — — — — — Secret Message No 14 / page 19 — A bird Secret Message No 15 / page 20 You can never have Secret Message No 16 / page 21 — — / page 14 Thanks (EOES) for nothing Jack be nimble, Jack be quick before you get stuck in a rut All's well that ends The be first shall Let's well and the last make hay while in the hand is worth two too Better a half a loaf than 70 be last shall the sun shines much in the of a no bread first (MTRT) (MW) bush (RV) good at all thing (O) (RXO) (MQRV Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com SHIFT CODE Don't give up the ship (CGR) Message No 17 page 24 Secret Message No 18 page 25 Don't sweat me! (ZJXH) Secret Message No 19 / page 26 It's as plain as the nose Secret Message No 20 / page 27 An ill Secret Message No Secret on your face (X) wind blows no good horse in the mouth (XY) 21 / page 28 Don't look a Secret Message No 22 / page 29 Getting an Secret Message No 23 / page 30 Pronto oh-two-hundred ("0200" gift A is is — the raid hits as planned (QZ) military talk for a.m.] Secret Message No 24 / page 31 Zilch progress Secret Message No 25 / page 32 Busy as —scratch the powwow (X) a beaver, sly as a fox, who but (QXRQ) a breeze (dash) not! wise as an owl, gives a hoot? (B) KEYWORD CODE Secret Message No 26 Secret Message No 27 / page 36 page 37 / Secret Message No 28 / page 38 Secret Message No 29 / page 39 Secret Message No 30 / page 40 Secret Message No 31 / page 41 Secret Message No 32 / page 42 Secret Message No 33 / page 43 Secret Message No 34 / page 44 / > — — — — — — — — — Don't tread on me! rockin' When Rome, in Easy does (BJ) (QXY) Keep on as the keep to the it; Romans basics Familiarity breeds contempt One good Does turn deserves another Yankee Doodle Dandy a (MVZV) eat a Minor mistakes magically multiply Rinky Dink? to become major Scrub the mission, regroup the troops mistakes (CFIL) (XGDM) DATE SHIFT CODE Secret Message No 35 page 48 All roads lead to Secret Message No 36 / page 49 I Secret Message No 37 / page 50 Secret Message No 38/ page 51 Jack be nimble and Jack be careful (YF) Secret Message No 39 / page 52 Beggars should not be choosers (DEFG) Secret Message No 40 / page 53 A fool and his money are soon parted Secret Message No 41 / page 54 All's fair in love Secret Message No 42 / page 55 Haste makes waste Secret Message No 43 / page 56 Give came, saw, I Rome, but where they go from Let's shoot the breeze me there? (ZW) conquered (V) I (PQ) (X) and war liberty or give me death (QMRX) TWISTED PATH CODE Secret Message No 44 / page 60 Meet Secret Message No 45 / page 61 Eventually, regardless of the consequences, the gang on Elm meet to Secret Message No 46 / page 62 Keep Secret Message No 47 / page 63 Hi ho, Secret Message No 48 / page 64 Don't fence Secret Message No 49 / page 65 Secret Message No 50 / page 66 No runs, no hits, no errors Secret Message No 51 / page 67 This a low is profile, hi ho, Cruisin' is (QVR) Street we will have to discuss the terms it's me easy buddy off to in, let work I go, but I'd me loose rather stay in bed (VR) (VR) down by the old mill stream (dash) gosh, the end of the line for now Hope you enjoyed our crypto (Z) it's It's boring! been (XMG) lots of fun (Y) alliance (X) Ten-four, buddy (W) 71 www.Ebook777.com tfM K«58S www.Ebook777.com DOVER BOOKS ON MATHEMATICAL & LOGICAL PUZZLES, CRYPTOGRAPHY, AND WORD RECREATIONS Moscow Puzzles, Boris A Kordemsky (27078-5) $8.95 Madachy's Mathematical Recreations, Joseph S Madachy (23762-1) $4.95 A Gamut of Games, Sid Sackson (27347-4) $6.95 The Ultimate Hidden Picture Puzzle Book, Joe Boddy (26297-9) $2.95 Entertaining Mathematical Puzzles, Martin Gardner (25211-6) $3.95 Perplexing Puzzles and Tantalizing Teasers, Martin Gardner (25637-5) $4.95 Merlin's Puzzle Pastimes, Charles Barry Townsend (25123-3) $3.50 Mathematical Quickies, Charles W Trigg (24949-2) $5.95 o d„ii „^ Mathematical p^— Coxeter Codes, Ciphe —c— w w H s M ( $3.50 Fun with Coi (25405-4 Magic Squar Mathematic/ Recreations (21096-0 Magic Cubes Jocoby Palindromes (20664-5 Lewis Carroi Edward Symbolic La Amusements Puzzles in iy Pillow Probi ;7.95 $7.95 > M Mathematics (20789-'/ Mathematics lange Paperboui without nc ogues to Dept 21 i, N.Y over 11501 Pie s 200 book; iques, ature, languages anthropol< U.S A www.Ebook777.com BREAK THE CODE Cryptography for Beginners Bud Johnson XGNIH TDOOG AFOHC UMOOT EVAHR EVENN ACUOY not a message from outer space! Just read it backwards, starting from the botdiscover what this specially coded message says (The extra letter "x" at the No, it's tom line, to beginning was thrown in just to make the message a bit more mysterious.) Codes have been used for centuries Now, with the help of this entertaining book, you, too, will be able to decipher dozens of secret messages Veteran cryptographer Bud Johnson not only describes the different techniques used in secret writing but also explains clearly and simply how to make and break six different kinds of codes: simple letter grouping, reverse trail, shift code, key word code, date shift code, and twisted path code You'll even learn techniques for creating your own confidential messages! — — Cartoons by illustrator Larry Daste accompany the 51 practice messages, along with how to use it There's also a terms used by cryptographers, a sheet of reproducible graph easy-to-follow instructions explaining each type of code and glossary defining common paper for writing out messages and a page of ready-made alphabets for shift and key if all those funny drawings and helpful guidelines aren't enough to help you decode our secret messages, don't worry Solutions are included at the end of the word codes And book Original 80pp Dover (1997) 8%x 11 publication 51 black-and-white line illustrations by Larry Daste Paperbound ALSO AVAILABLE Fun with Codes and Ciphers Workbook, Norma Gleason A x 10% 25405-4 Pa $3.50 l Free Full-Color Children's Book Catalog (59071-2) available upon request A DOVER EDITION DESIGNED FOR YEARS OF USE! We have made every effort to make this the best book possible Our paper is opaque, with minimal show-through; it will not discolor or become brittle with age Pages are bound in signatures, in the method traditionally used for the best books, and will not drop out Books open flat for easy reference The binding will not crack or split This is a permanent book ISBN D-Mflb-ETlMb-M 90000 $3.^5 IN USA 780486"291468 ... thousands of coded messages before the actual code itself can be broken create a code BREAKING A MESSAGE The act of translating a message from code to cleartext CLEARTEXT or IN THE CLEAR or PLAINTEXT... s BREAKING A CODE Discovering (learning) the intricacies of the formula that someone has used to unknown to you The process of unravelling such a code can be very complex, and may require breaking... units in the interception of enemy coded messages and Normandy and code the capture of codes equipment were important contributions to the successful landings of the Allied invasion forces, in