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PHỤ LỤC Code Matlab % MATLAB script for Problem 1.

Trang 1

PHỤ LỤC Code Matlab

% MATLAB script for Problem 1

clear

SNRindB1=0:1:12;SNRindB2=0:0.1:12;

for i=1:length(SNRindB1),

smld_err_prb(i)=mophong1(SNRindB1(i));

end;

for i=1:length(SNRindB2),

SNR=exp(SNRindB2(i)*log(10)/10);

theo_err_prb(i)=Qfunct(sqrt(SNR));

end;

function [p]=mophong1(snr_in_dB)

E=1; SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=E/sqrt(2*SNR); N=10000; for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

if (temp<0.5),

dsource(i)=0

else

dsource(i)=1;

end

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

if (dsource(i)==0),

r0=E+gngauss(sgma);

r1=gngauss(sgma);

else

r0=gngauss(sgma);

r1=E+gngauss(sgma);

end;

if (r0>r1),

decis=0;

else

decis=1;

end;

if (decis~=dsource(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/N;

% MATLAB script for Problem 2

clear

SNRindB1=0:1:10; SNRindB2=0:1:10;

for i=1:length(SNRindB1),

smld_err_prb(i)=mophong2(SNRindB1(i));

end;

for i=1:length(SNRindB2),

SNR=exp(SNRindB2(i)*log(10)/10);

Trang 2

theo_err_prb(i)=Qfunct(sqrt(2*SNR));

end;

function [p]=mophong2(snr_in_dB)

E=1; SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=E/sqrt(2*SNR); N=10000;

for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

if (temp<0.5),

dsource(i)=0;

else

dsource(i)=1;

end

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

if (dsource(i)==0),

r=-E+gngauss(sgma);

else

r=E+gngauss(sgma);

end;

if (r<0),

decis=0;

else

decis=1;

end;

if (decis~=dsource(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/N;

% MATLAB script for Problem 3

clear

SNRindB1=0:1:12;SNRindB2=0:0.1:12;

for i=1:length(SNRindB1),

smld_err_prb(i)=mophong3(SNRindB1(i));

end;

for i=1:length(SNRindB2),

SNR=exp(SNRindB2(i)*log(10)/10);

theo_err_prb(i)=Qfunct(sqrt(SNR/2));

end;

function [p]=mophong3(snr_in_dB)

E=1;alpha_opt=1/2;SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=E/sqrt(2*SNR);N=10000; for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

if (temp<0.5),

dsource(i)=0;

else

dsource(i)=1;

end

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

if (dsource(i)==0),

r=gngauss(sgma);

else

Trang 3

r=E+gngauss(sgma);

end;

if (r<alpha_opt),

decis=0;

else

decis=1;

end;

if (decis~=dsource(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/N;

% MATLAB script for Problem 4

clear

n0=.5*randn(100,1); n1=.5*randn(100,1); n2=.5*randn(100,1); n3=.5*randn(100,1); x1=1.+n0; y1=n1;

x2=n2; y2=1.+n3;

% MATLAB script for Problem 5

clear

SNRindB1=0:1:20; SNRindB2=5:0.1:20; M=16;

for i=1:length(SNRindB1),

smld_err_prb(i)=mophong5(SNRindB1(i));

echo off;

end;

for i=1:length(SNRindB2),

SNR_per_bit=exp(SNRindB2(i)*log(10)/10);

theo_err_prb(i)=(2*(M-1)/M)*Qfunct(sqrt((6*log2(M)/(M^2-1))*SNR_per_bit)); echo off;

end;

function [p]=mophong5(snr_in_dB)

M=16; d=1; SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=sqrt((85*d^2)/(8*SNR)); N=10000; for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

index=floor(M*temp);

dsource(i)=index;

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

r=(2*dsource(i)-M+1)*d+gngauss(sgma);

if (r>(M-2)*d),

decis=15; elseif (r>(M-4)*d),decis=14;

elseif (r>(M-6)*d),

decis=13; elseif (r>(M-8)*d), decis=12;

elseif (r>(M-10)*d),

decis=11; elseif (r>(M-12)*d), decis=10;

elseif (r>(M-14)*d),

decis=9; elseif (r>(M-16)*d), decis=8;

elseif (r>(M-18)*d),

decis=7; elseif (r>(M-20)*d),decis=6;

elseif (r>(M-22)*d),

decis=5; elseif (r>(M-24)*d),decis=4;

Trang 4

elseif (r>(M-26)*d),

decis=3; elseif (r>(M-28)*d), decis=2;

elseif (r>(M-30)*d), decis=1;

else

decis=0;

end;

if (decis~=dsource(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/N;

% MATLAB script for Problem 6

M=4; initial_snr=0; final_snr=10; snr_step=1; tolerance=1e-7;minus_inf=-20; plus_inf=20; snr_in_dB=initial_snr:snr_step:final_snr;

SNRindB1=0:2:10; SNRindB2=5:0.1:20;

for i=1:length(SNRindB1),

smld_err_prb(i)=smldp510(SNRindB1(i));

end;

for i=1:length(snr_in_dB),

SNR_per_bit=exp(snr_in_dB(i)*log(10)/10);

snr=10^(snr_in_dB(i)/10);

theo_err_prb(i)=(2*(M-1)/M)*Qfunct(sqrt((6*log2(M)/(M^2-1))*SNR_per_bit)); end;

function [p]=mophong6(snr_in_dB)

M=4; E=1; SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=sqrt(E^2/(4*SNR));N=10000; for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

if (temp<0.25),

dsource1(i)=0; dsource2(i)=0;

elseif (temp<0.5),

dsource1(i)=0; dsource2(i)=1;

elseif (temp<0.75),

dsource1(i)=1; dsource2(i)=0;

else

dsource1(i)=1; dsource2(i)=1;

end

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

if ((dsource1(i)==0) & (dsource2(i)==0)),

r0=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); r1=gngauss(sgma); r2=gngauss(sgma); r3=gngauss(sgma); elseif ((dsource1(i)==0) & (dsource2(i)==1)),

r0=gngauss(sgma); r1=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); r2=gngauss(sgma); r3=gngauss(sgma); elseif ((dsource1(i)==1) & (dsource2(i)==0)),

r0=gngauss(sgma); r1=gngauss(sgma); r2=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); r3=gngauss(sgma); else

r0=gngauss(sgma); r1=gngauss(sgma); r2=gngauss(sgma); r3=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); end;

max_r=max([r0 r1 r2 r3]);

if (r0==max_r),

decis1=0; decis2=0;

elseif (r1==max_r),

decis1=0; decis2=1;

elseif (r2==max_r),

Trang 5

decis1=1; decis2=0;

else

decis1=1; decis2=1;

end;

if (decis1~=dsource1(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

if (decis2~=dsource2(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/(2*N);

% MATLAB script for Problem 7

clear

initial_snr=0; final_snr=12; snr_step=0.75; tolerance=eps; plus_inf=20; snr_in_dB=initial_snr:snr_step:final_snr; SNRindB=0:2:10;

for i=1:length(SNRindB),

smld_err_prb(i)=mophong7(SNRindB(i));

end;

for i=1:length(snr_in_dB),

snr=10^(snr_in_dB(i)/10);

theo_err_prb(i)=1-quad8('bdt_int2',0,plus_inf,tolerance,[],snr,4);

end;

function [p]=smldP511(snr_in_dB)

M=4;E=1;SNR=exp(snr_in_dB*log(10)/10); sgma=sqrt(E^2/(4*SNR)); N=10000; for i=1:N,

temp=rand;

if (temp<0.25),

dsource(i)=0;

elseif (temp<0.5),

dsource(i)=1;

elseif (temp<0.75),

dsource(i)=2;

else

dsource(i)=3;

end

end;

numoferr=0;

for i=1:N,

if (dsource(i)==0)

r0=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); r1=gngauss(sgma);

elseif (dsource(i)==1)

r0=gngauss(sgma); r1=sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma);

elseif (dsource(i)==2)

r0=-sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma); r1=gngauss(sgma);

else

r0=gngauss(sgma); r1=-sqrt(E)+gngauss(sgma);

end;

if (r0>abs(r1)),

decis=0; elseif (r1>abs(r0)),

decis=1;

elseif (r0<-abs(r1)),

Trang 6

decis=2; else

decis=3;

end;

if (decis~=dsource(i)),

numoferr=numoferr+1;

end;

end;

p=numoferr/N;

% MATLAB script for Problem 8

clear

f_cutoff=2000; f_stopband=2500; fs=10000; f1=2*f_cutoff/fs; f2=2*f_stopband/fs; N=41; F=[0 f1 f2 1]; M=[1 1 0 0]; B=remez(N-1,F,M);

[H,W]=freqz(B);

H_in_dB=20*log10(abs(H));

pause % Press a key to see magnitude of H in dB

figure(1);

plot(W/(2*pi),H_in_dB,'LineWidth',1.5);

xlabel('f','FontSize',12);

ylabel('Magnitude of H in dB','FontSize',12);

title('DAP UNG TAN SO CUA BO LOC FIR','FontSize',10);

pause % Press a key to see phase of H

figure(2);

plot(W/(2*pi),(180/pi)*unwrap(angle(H)));

xlabel('f','FontSize',12);

title('DAP UNG PHA CUA BO LOC FIR','FontSize',10);

pause % Press a key to see the impulse response

figure(3);

plot(zeros(size([0:N-1])));

xlabel('n','FontSize',12);

ylabel('Magnitude of H in dB','FontSize',12);

title('DAP UNG XUNG CUA BO LOC FIR','FontSize',10);

hold;

stem([0:N-1],B);

% MATLAB script for Problem 9

clear

p=0.99; N=1000; d=5; A=[1 -2*p p^2]; B=(1-p)^2;

for i=1:N,

[white_noise_seq1(i) white_noise_seq2(i)] = gngauss;

end;

b1=filter(B,A,white_noise_seq1); b2=filter(B,A,white_noise_seq2); c=b1(d+1:N) +b2(1:N-d);

p=0.9; A=[1 -2*p p^2];

B=(1-p)^2;

for i=1:N,

[white_noise_seq1(i) white_noise_seq2(i)] = gngauss;

end;

new_b1=filter(B,A,white_noise_seq1); new_b2=filter(B,A,white_noise_seq2);

new_c=new_b1(d+1:N)+new_b2(1:N-d);

% MATLAB script for Problem 10

clear

N=52; noise_var=0.25; sigma=sqrt(noise_var);

for i=1:N,

Trang 7

if (rand<0.5),

I(i)=0;

else

I(i)=1;

end;

end;

% for channel 1:

A=1;B=[0.1 -0.25 1 -0.25 0.1];

rec_sig1=filter(B,A,I); rec_sig1=rec_sig1([3:N]);

for i=1:N-2,

noise(i)=gngauss(sigma);

end;

y1=rec_sig1+noise;

% for channel 2:

A=1;B=[-0.2 0.5 1 0.5 -0.2];

rec_sig2=filter(B,A,I); rec_sig2=rec_sig2(3:N);

for i=1:N-2,

noise(i)=gngauss(sigma);

end;

y2=rec_sig2+noise;

% MATLAB script for Problem 11

clear

N=31; T=1; alpha=1/4; n=-(N-1)/2:(N-1)/2;

for i=1:length(n),

g_T(i)=0;

for m=-(N-1)/2:(N-1)/2,

g_T(i)=g_T(i)+sqrt(xrc(4*m/(N*T),alpha,T))*exp(j*2*pi*m*n(i)/N);

end;

end;

g_T=real(g_T) ;

n2=0:N-1;

[G_T,W]=freqz(g_T,1);

magG_T_in_dB=20*log10(abs(G_T)/max(abs(G_T)));

g_R=g_T;

imp_resp_of_cascade=conv(g_R,g_T);

H_in_dB=20*log10(abs(G_T));

pause

figure(1);

plot(W/(2*pi),magG_T_in_dB);

xlabel('f','FontSize',12);

ylabel('Normalized Magnitude','FontSize',12);

title('DAP UNG TAN SO CUA BO LOC PHAT FIR','FontSize',10);

% MATLAB script for Problem 12

clear

N=31; T=1; W=1/(2*T); n=-(N-1)/2:(N-1)/2;

for i=1:length(n),

g_T(i)=0;

for m=-(N-1)/2:(N-1)/2,

if ( abs((4*m)/(N*T)) <= W ),

g_T(i)=g_T(i)+sqrt((1/W)*cos((2*pi*m)/(N*T*W)))*exp(j*2*pi*m*n(i)/N); end;

end;

end;

Trang 8

g_T=real(g_T) ; n2=0:N-1; [G_T,W]=freqz(g_T,1);

magG_T_in_dB=20*log10(abs(G_T)/max(abs(G_T)));

g_R=g_T;

imp_resp_of_cascade=conv(g_R,g_T);

% MATLAB script for Problem 13

clear

T=1; Fs=2/T; Ts=1/Fs; c_opt=[-2.2 4.9 -3 4.9 -2.2]; t=-5*T:T/2:5*T; t1=[0:T:20*T]; t2=[0:T:10*T]; x=1./(1+((2/T)*t).^2);

equalized_x=filter(c_opt,1,[x 0 0]);

equalized_x=equalized_x(3:length(equalized_x));

for i=1:2:length(equalized_x),

downsampled_equalizer_output((i+1)/2)=equalized_x(i);

end;

pause

figure(1);

stem(t,x);

title('XUNG DAU VAO EQUALIZER','FontSize',10);

pause

figure(2);

stem(t2,downsampled_equalizer_output);

title('XUNG DAU RA EQUALIZER','FontSize',10);

% MATLAB script for Problem 14

clear

T=1;

for n=-2:2,

for k=-2:2,

temp=0;

for i=-2:2, temp=temp+(1/(1+(n-i)^2))*(1/(1+(k-i)^2));

end;

X(k+3,n+3)=temp;

end;

end;

N0=0.01; Ry=X+(N0/2)*eye(5);

Riy=[1/5 1/2 1 1/2 1/5].';

c_opt=inv(Ry)*Riy;

t=-3:1/2:3;

x=1./(1+(2*t/T).^2);

equalized_pulse=conv(x,c_opt);

decimated_equalized_pulse=equalized_pulse(1:2:length(equalized_pulse)); t1=[-4:1:4];

stem(t1,decimated_equalized_pulse);

title('XUNG DAU RA EQUALIZER MMSE','FontSize',10);

% MATLAB script for Problem 15

clear

N=500; K=5;

actual_isi=[0.05 -0.063 0.088 -0.126 -0.25 0.9047 0.25 0 0.126 0.038 0.088]; sigma=0.01; delta=0.045;

Num_of_realizations=1000; mse_av3=zeros(1,N-2*K);

for j=1:Num_of_realizations,

Trang 9

for i=1:N,

if (rand<0.5),

info(i)=-1;

else

info(i)=1;

end;

echo off ;

end;

if (j==1) ;

end

y=filter(actual_isi,1,info);

for i=1:2:N, [noise(i) noise(i+1)]=gngauss(sigma);

end;

y=y+noise;

estimated_c=[0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0];

for k=1:N-2*K,

y_k=y(k:k+2*K); z_k=estimated_c*y_k.'; e_k=info(k)-z_k; estimated_c=estimated_c+delta*e_k*y_k; mse(k)=e_k^2; end;

if (j==1) ;

end

mse_av3=mse_av3+mse;

end;

mse_av3=mse_av3/Num_of_realizations;

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