Bulletin of Museum of Comparative Zoology 52-2

BULLETIN OF T11K MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE, VOL IN CAMBRIDGE LII CAMBRIDGE, MASS., 1908-1910 i U S A \* University Press : John Wilson and Son, Cambridge, U S A CONTENTS Page — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 11)05, Lieut Commander L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding XII The Reptiles of Easter Island By Samuel Garman Jnne, 1908 (1 Plate.) No No — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern T Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz by the l S Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut Commander L.M Garrett, U S N., Commanding XIII The Characters Atelaxia, a new Suborder of of (5 Plates.) No Fishes By Edwin Chapih Stakks July, 1908 — Notes 15 on Chiroptera By Glover M Allen (1 Plate.) July, ' 1908 No — The Fossil W True Cetacean, Dorudon serratus Gibbes 63 September, 1908 (3 Plates.) 23 By Frederick — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, -in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U >S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut No L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding XV Leber die Anatomie and systematische Stellung toi> Bathtsciadjum, I.kif.tki.i \, nnd Addjsonja Yon Johann Thjele {2 Plates.) October 1908 Commander 79 — Zoological Pesnlts of the Thayer Brazilian Expedition Preliminary Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Tetbago.nop!Ekjd Characixs No By Carl H Etuexmann No — Notes on some Australian and IndoPacific Echinodermb Hubert Lyman Clark No December, 1908 — Descriptions of new Birds from Thayer and Outram Bangs By 107 March, 1909 (1 Plate.) Central 91 China By John E May, 1909 137 — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut No Commander L M Garrett, U S N Commanding XVIII Ajiphifoka Von R Woltereck (8 Plates.) June, 1909 , 143 CONTENTS IV Page — Notes on the Phytoplankton of Victoria Nyanza, East Africa By C H Ostenfeld (2 Plates.) July, 1909 No 10 No II — Reports on the Scientific Results of the 1(39 Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Fish Coramission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut Commander L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding XIX Pycnogonida By Leon No 12 J Cole — Cruise of Stream during July, tiaridae) No August, 1909 (3 Plates.) 183 U S Fisheries Schooner the 1908, with By Henry B "Grampus" new Medusa (Bytho- Description of a Bigelow (1 Plate.) Gulf in the August, 1909 193 — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut 13 Commander Ceratidm No 14 Garrett, U S N., Commanding XX Mutations in By Charles Atwood Kofoid (4 Plates.) September, 1909 L M — Mylostomid Palatal Dental Plates By Eastman C R December, 1909 No 15 259 — Notes (2 Plates.) on the Herpetology of Jamaica (6 Plates.) No 17 — The Plates.) By Thomas Barbodr May, 1910 271 - — Decapod Crustaceans where by Mr Thomas Barbour No 16 211 Dutch East India and else190S-1907 By Mary J Rathbun collected in in September, 1910 Echinoderms of 303 Peru By Hubert Lyman Clark (14 319 October, 1910 Corrigenda No 15, page 286 and explanation to Plate for Plate Page 287 and explanation to Plate for Plate 2, 2, Fig Fig 1, 2, read Plate read Plate 2, 2, Fig Fig *\* c \ Museum Bulletin of the of Comparative Zoology AT HARVARD COLLEGE Vol LII No REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, BY THE U S FISH COMMISSION STEAMER "ALBATROSS," FROM OCTOBER, 1904, TO MARCH, 1905, LIEUT COMMANDER L M GARRETT, U S N., COMMANDING XU THE REPTILES OF EASTER ISLAND By Samdel Garman With One Plate [Published by Permission of Gboegb M Bowers, U S Fish Commissioner.] CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S.A.: PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM June, 1908 Reports on the Scifktific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieutenant Commander L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding, published or in preparation: — A AGASSIZ V General Report on the Ex- R VON LENDENFELD Three Letters to Geo M H H H LUDWIG The Holothurians LUDWIG The Starfishes LUDWIG The Ophiurans A AGASSIZ A AGASSIZ and H Bowers, U F E H G W MULLER I.i S BEDDARD Fish Com L CLARK The The Earthworms Echini BIGELOW The Medusae R P BIGELOW The Stomatopods S F CLARKE VIII.» The Hydroids W R COE The Nemerteans B COLE The Pycnogonida W H DALL The Mollusks C R EASTMAN VII.' The Sharks' Teeth B W EVERMANN The Fishes W G FARLOW The Algae S GARMAN XII." The Reptiles H J HANSEN The Cirripeds H J HANSEN The Schizopods S HENSHAW The Insects W E HOYLE The Cephalopods C A KOFOID III.S IX The Protozoa P KRUMBACH The Sagittae L J i s * « « » io 11 12 The Bull URBAN The Actinaria The Ostracods Bottom Specimens X 10 The Crustacea JOHN MURRAY The MARY J RATHBUN Decapoda HARRIET RICHARDSON II » The Isopods The Tunicates ALICE ROBERTSON The Bryozoa B L ROBINSON The Plants G O SARS The Copepods F E SCHULZE XI 11 The Xenophyophoras H R SIMROTH The Pteropods and Hetero- W E RITTER IV pods E C STARKS TH STUDER Atelaxia The Alcyonaria T W VAUGHAN VI.« The Corals R WOLTERECK The Amphipods WOODWORTH The Annelids W McM M C Z., Vol XLVL, No 4, April, 1905, 22 pp M C Z., Vol XLVL, No 6, July, 1905, pp., pi Bull M C Z., Vol XLVL, No 9, September, 1905, pp., pi Bull M C Z., Vol XLVL, No 13, January, 1906, 22 pp., pis Mem M C Z., Vol XXXIII., January, 1906, 90 pp., 96 pis Bull M C Z., Vol L., No 3, August, 1906, 14 pp., 10 pis Bull M C Z., Vol L., No 4, November, 1906, 26 pp., pis Mem M C Z., Vol XXXV., No 1, February, 1907, 20 pp., 15 pis Bull M C Z., Vol L., No 6, February, 1907, 48 pp., 18 pis Mem M C Z., Vol XXXV., No 2, August, 1907, 56 pp., pis Bull M C Z., Vol LI., No 6, November, 1907, 22 pp., pi 14 pp., pi Bull M C Z., Vol LIL, No 1, June, 1908 Bull and F Siliceous Sponges pedition jun ia Museum Bulletin of the of Comparative Zoology AT HARVARD COLLEGE Vol LII No RF^ORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, BY THE U S FISH COMMISSION STEAMER "ALBATROSS," FROM OCTOBER, 1904, TO MARCH, 1905, LIEUT COMMANDER L M GARRETT, U S N., COMMANDING XU THE REPTILES OF EASTER ISLAND By Samuel Gaeman With One Plate [Published by Permission of Geobge M Bowers, U Fish Commissioner.] CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S.A.: PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM June, 1908 No — Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, " Albatross,'''' from by the U S Fish Commission Steamer October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieutenant Commander L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding XII The Reptiles of Easter Island By Samuel Garman To give an approximately complete idea of the Herpetology of Easter Island it is necessary to consider and to introduce provisionally into our list of species a number of marine tortoises and a sea serpent, which rauge throughout Polynesia and the tropical and the temperate portions of the Pacific and the Indian oceans, but which have not yet been taken or known directly from the island by the scientist The snake has the better claim to attention, having been secured a short distance The tortoises, of which from the shores and positively determined our knowledge depends wholly upon tradition or other evidence of the natives, cannot be satisfactorily identified, and if they might be, they would add little or nothing in auswer to questions relating to the origin This leaves as the main dependence in or the evolution of the fauna this study two species of small ence of which asserted lizards, by the a third and larger one, the exist- islanders, having, if it exists, escaped the material gathered it appears that these lizards were not originally derived from the nearer islands to the westward, in the direction of Samoa and the Fijis, but from the Hawaiian Islands to capture is From We can go no farther until possessed of more That the Hawaiian Islands and Easter Island may both have obtained the species from some other locality is possible, but of that we have as yet no proof, while it can be said that the affinities of the the far northwestward material species from the two localities are markedly to the other being put aside as improbable, direct Drifting from one Hawaiian lizards may have bulletin: museum of comparative zoology been carried to Easter Island in several ways they may have been landed from some vessel passing, toward the straits or to round the Cape, on its way to the Atlantic, as we suppose some of the same species ; — have been taken to both western and eastern coasts of South America, in times more recent than the arrival of the islanders now in occu- — may have been brought with the natives when they Ethnologists having failed, so far, to determine the original home of the people from racial characteristics and language, or from their art as seen in the sculptures, and tablets, etc., the hypothesis is pancy, or the saurians came permissible, from even so attenuated a thread of evidence as that sup- plied by the reptiles, that when the men came the lizards came with might be possible to account at once for the undifferentiated condition of the species and for the lack of energy and them Beyond this it of art in the present inhabitants of Easter Island by a further supposition that the makers of the images and the tablets were swept away by the latest eruption of the volcano, and that their successors with the lizards are the result of a subsequent migration from the Hawaiian Islands or thereabout, an indirect route for the reptiles, as for man, from central Polynesia At the first glance various features of Easter Island combine to make the study of its fauna appear to be one of particular attractiveness to the naturalist such are position, origin, isolation, extent, diversity, and : climate; it lies near the middle of the South Pacific (Lat 27° 10' S ; Lon 109° 26' W.) ; it originated as a volcano, without connection with other land it has an area of about thirty-four square miles ; it possesses ; and mountains (to 1700 feet), and it is covered with vegesense of disappointment comes upon one when in the course of his investigations he realizes how much the island lacks age, that its birth plains, hills, tation A has been too recent for the evolution of species and varieties in a fauna of its own, when he decides that what is possessed it has borrowed in times not very remote and that he must direct his attention to the route by which it was brought Possibly more than one start was made by flora and fauna to be destroyed by later activity of the expiring volcano ; at any rate eruptive evidences confine the natural history within comAll of the literary history is decidedly paratively narrow limits of time Davis's with it alleged discovery, 1686, though the little he new; begins contributes to knowledge is not positively located and may have per- tained to some other island, named it, islet Eoggewein, April 7, 1722, discovered the and furnished a general description with some infor- Clark — The Echiuoderms of Peru PLATE Fig Strongylocentrotus albus Fig Strongylocentrotus gibbosus 12 Upper surface Nat size Upper surface Nat size Talcahuano, Chile Payta, Peru Clark — Echinoderms Plate 12 HELIOTYPE CO BOSTON Clark — The Eckmodertus of Peru PLATE 13 Fig Encope micropora Bay of Sechura, Peril Upper surface Mellita stokesii Tumbes, Peru Upper surface X $ Lovenia cordiformis San Diego, Cal Upper surface X f Fig Agassizia scrobiculata Fig Fig Capon, Peru Side view X | Xf Clark — Echinoderms Plate HELIOTYPE CO BOSTON 13 Clark — The Echinoderins of Peru PLATE Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig 14 Phyllophorus peruvianus La Punta, Callao, Peru Side view Nat size Lobos de Af uera Islands, Part of calcareous ring of Thyone gibber Peru " from body wall of Thyone gibber Lobos de Afuera Calcareous " button X Islands, Peru The same X 450 as 3, but seen from the side X 450 Calcareous supporting rod of pedicel of same Thyone The same as 5, but seen from the side X 450 X 450 CM CO W o I U *> The following Publications of the Muceum are in preparation: of Comparative Zoology — LOUIS CABOT Immature E L MAKK " A AGASSIZ A AGASSIZ S CARMAN State of the Odonata, Part IV Studies on Lepidosteus, continueil On Arachnactis and C O WHITMAN Pelagic Fishes Part and H L CLARK The " Albatross " II., with 14 Plates Hawaiian Echini The Plagiostonies Reports on the Results of Dredging Operations in 1877, 1878, 1879, and 1880, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Coast Survey Steamer " Blake," as follows : C H HARTLAUB The Comatulae of the "Blake," with 15 Plates LUDWIG The Genus Pentacrinus MILNE EDWARDS and E L BOUVIER The Crustacea of A A E VERBILL The Alcyonaria — the "Blake." of the " Blake." Reports on the Results of the Expedition of 1891 of the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross,'' Lieutenant Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., Commanding, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, as follows: — H B BIGELOW The Siphonophores K BRANDT The Sagittae The O W COE R Actinariaiis The Nemerteans The Eyes RE IN HARD DOHRN HANSEN The " HERDMAN P of Deep- The Ascidians HKJKSON TheAiitipathids Branchiocerianthus SCHIEMENZ The Bottom Specimens The Pteropods and Hete, ropods THEO STUDER The Sea Crustacea H J A S J E L MARK JOHN MURRAY Thalassicolae CARLGREN The W Cirripeds The Schizopods HAROLD HEATH Solenogaster Alcyor.aiians The Salpidae and Doliolidae H B WARD The Sipunculid- W McM WOODWORTH The Annelids Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexandkr Agassiz, on theU S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from August, 1899, to March, 1S00, Commander Jefferson F Moser, U S N., Commanding, as follows : AGASSIZ — The Echini G W MULLER The Ostracods H L CLARK The Holothurians MARY J RATHBUN The Crustacea The Volcanic Rocks Decapoda The Coralliferous Limestones RICHARD RATHBUN The HydrocoralFLINT M The Foraminifera lidae J and RadiG O SARS The Copepods olaria L STEJNEGER The Reptiles The Insects S HENSHAW W C KENDALL and E L GOLDSBOR- C H TOWNSEND The Mammals, Birds, and Fishes OUGH The Fishes R LENDENFELD The Siliceous Sponges T W VAUGHAN The Corals, Recent and H LUDWIG Fossil The Starfishes and Ophiurans W McM WOODWORTH The Annelids A PUBLICATIONS OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE There have been published of the Bulletin Vols I to LII Memoirs, Vols I to XXIV., and also Vols XXVIII., XXIX., XXXI to XXXIII., XXXVII., and XLI Vols LIU to LV of the Bulletin, and Vols XXV to XXVII., XXX., XXXIV to XXXVI., XXXVIII to XL., XL1L, and ; of the ' XLVTI of the Memoirs, are now in course of publication The Bulletin and Memoirs are devoted to the publication of original work by the Professors and Assistants of the Museum, of investigations carried on by students and others in the different Laboratories of Natural History, and of work by specialists based upon the Museum Collections and Explorations The following publications are in preparation: — Reports on the Results of Dredging Operations from 1877 to 1880, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U S Coast Survey Steamer " Blake," Lieut Commander C I) Sigsbee, U S N., and Commander J R Bartlett, U S N., Commanding Reports on the Results of the Expedition of 1891 of the U S Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross," Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., Commanding, in charge of Alexander Agassiz Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U S Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross," from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F Moser, U S N., Commanding Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Eastern Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," from October, 1904, to April, 1905, Lieut Commander L M Garrett, U S N., Commanding Contributions from the Zoological Laboratory, Professor E L Mark, Director Contributions from the Geological Laboratory These publications are issued in numbers at irregular intervals one volume of the Bulletin (8vo) and half a volume of the Memoirs Each number of the Bulletin and (4to) usually appear annually ; of the Memoirs is^ sold separately A price list of the publications of the Museum will be sent on application to the Curator Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass of the H^ ... in Fig 14 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY EXPLANATION OF PLATE Fig Garman — Reptiles 10 11 12 The following Publications of the Museum are in preparation : of Comparative Zoology — LOUIS... number of the Bulletin and (4to) usually appear annually of the Memoirs is sold separately A price list of the publications of the Museum will be sent on application to the Librarian Museum of Comparative. .. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass of the JUL ^ Museum Bulletin of the of Comparative Zoology AT HARVARD COLLEGE Vol LIT No REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE