Bulletin of Museum of Comparative Zoology 25-2

BULLETIN OF THK MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE, IN CAMBRIDGE VOL XXV CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U S A 1893-1895 Reprinted with the permission of the original publisher KRAUS REPRINT CORPORATION New York 1967 s-m~c Printed in U.S.A CONTENTS No — Reports on America to the Page the Dredging Operations off the Galapagos, to California, in charge of Commission Steamer Tanner, Islands No West Coast of Mexico, Alexander Agassiz, carried on and of Central in the by the U Gulf of S Fish " Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L U S N., commanding VII The Orthoptera of the Galapagos By Samuel H Scudder (1^ Plates.) September, 1890 — Reports on the America tlie West Coast to the Dredging Operations off the West Coast of Central Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U S Fish California, in charge of Commis.sion Steamer " Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L S N., commanding VIII Compte-Rendu sur les Pantopodes Tanner, U W M ScHiMKEWiTSCH Par (2 Plates.) —A December, 1893 Method of Orienting small Objects JIcM WooDwoRTii December, 1893 No o for the Microtome 27 I?y W 45 — Reports on the Dredging Operations off the West Coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf No of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on b}- tiie U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., commanding IX Report on the Turbellaria W McM WooDwORTH i;y No — Reports on America to the (1 Plate.) January, 1894 the Dredging Operations off the 49 West Coast of Central Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U S Fish California, in charge of Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., commanding X Note Prcliminaire sur les Alcyonaires Par TiiEOPHiLE Studer January, 1894 No 53 — Reports on the Dredging Operations off the West Coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., commanding XI The Ilydroids By Samuel F Clarke (5 Plates.) February, 1894 No 71 — Contrib\itions from the Zordogical Laboratory, under the Direction of E L Mark XFJ The Origin of the Endocardium in Bony Fishes By A T IIoLBHOOK (' Plates.) August, 1894 79 IV CONTENTS ' No — Reports on America to the tlie Dredging Operations Page off the West Coast of Central Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in tlie Gulf of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U S Fish California, in charge of Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., commanding XIV Report on the Pelagic Schizopoda By Arnold Ortmann (1 Plate.) September, 1894 99 Wild Duck " in the Bahamas, January to April, 1893, in charge of Alexander Agassiz II Notes on the Shells collected By William Healy Dall (1 Plate.) October, 1894 11.3 No — Cruise of the Steam Yacht " No 10 — Reports on the America Dredging Operations to the Galapagos, to the California, in charge of oflf West Coast the West Coast of Mexico, Alexander Agassiz, earned and 11 — Cruise of the Steam Yacht " Wild to April, 189-3, in charge of Duck " in the Gulf of on by the U S Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Tanner, U S N., commanding XIII Die Opisthobranchien Rudolph Bergh (12 Plates.) October, 1894 No of Central Z L Von Bahamas, January III An Account of Alexander Agassiz By Alfred Goldsborough some Medusae obtained in the Bahamas Mayer (3 Plates.) November, 1894 No 12 125 in the — Reports on the Dredging Operations 235 off the West Coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U S Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross," during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., commanding XVI Die Pelagischen Copepoden Von WiLiiELM GiESBRECHT (4 Plates.) April, 1895 243 — Reports on Oj^eratioiis off the West Coast of Galapagos, to the West Coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in Charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on hy the U S Fish Comviission Steamer "Albatross," No Central Amcriea the Dredging to the during 1891, Lieut Commander Z L Tanner, U S N., Com- manding [Published by Permission of Marshall McDonald, U S Fish Commissioner.] VII The Orthoptera of The first the Galaimgos Islands By Samuel H Scudder Orthoptera collected on the Galapagos Islands were obtained " by Darwin in 1835, during the voyage of the Beagle," and found their way to the British Museum, where they have been reported on by Walker Darwin collected on several of the islands, but the speciand Butler mens were not always kept separate In 1852 the Swedish frigate "Eugenie" touched at the islands (Chatham, Charles, Indefatigable, Albemarle, and James), and from the collections made two species of Orthoptera were described by Stal, without statement of the particular The islands were next visited, in islands on which they were taken " Hassler," which touched successively at 1872, by L Agassiz in the Charles, Albemarle, James, Jervis, and Indefatigable, at all of wliich exNext Commander cepting James and Jervis Orthoptera wei'e obtained " hi 1875, touching Cookson visited the archipelago in the " Peterel at Charles, Abingdon, and Albemarle, and bringing back Orthoptera all but Abingdon ; these are in the British Museum, and have been from including those obtained by Darwin, there were reported on by Butler In the same year Wolf, the State Geologist of Ecuador, six species ; visited the islands, and in a brochure published later made mere mention of two species of Acridium, of which the smaller [Schistocerca literosa Walk.) was found in the vicinity of the sea, the larger (.S' melanocera Mr A Agassiz later islands Stal) in the interior of the VOL XXV — NO 1 made a similar BULLETIN OF THE In 1888 the naturalists of the U.S Fish Commission observation steamer " Albatross " obtained considerable collections on Chatham, Charles, Albemarle, Indefatigable, James, and Duncan Islands, which by Bruner, who specified ten species and indiThe "Albatross" again visited the islands early in 18D1, and collections were made by A Agassiz on Chatham, Charles, and Duncan Islands, which form the subject of a short unpublished notice by Riley Finally, later in 1891, Baur made a special trip to the Galapawere rej^orted on brieliy cated five others gos for collecting animals and plants upon the land, under the auspices of Clark University, and brought back Orthoptera from Chatham, Hood, Gardner, Charles, Albemarle, Barrington, Indefotigable, Duncan, Jervis, and Tower All the specimens collected of Mr Darwin, on these several explorations, except those Commander Cookson, and the frigate "Eugenie," and of all of but one the including specimens species reported as obtained by them, have been studied by me, and form the subject of the provsent I owe the opportunity of studying them to the paper liberality of the U National Museum, the University, and Dr Baur S Museum of Comparative Zoology, Clark They come from eleven different islands of the group, but mostly from Charles, Chatham, Albemarle, awd Indefatigable There are but twenty species of Orthoptera, twelve of which are found on Charles Island, eleven on Chatham Island, four each on Albemarle, James, and Indefatigable, while only a single one is known from each of the others Only nine of the species are known from more than one island, though known from Excepting the cockroaches, eight ditferent islands nuujber and cosmopolitan forms, only two are credited with occurrence elsewhere (on the west coast of South America), and these cases one is fi^ve in perhnpe require reinvestigation The fact that the cockroaches are cosmopolitan firms and have been brought only from tlie two islands (Charles and C'hatham) which have or have had settled inhabitants, sufficiently these same Charles shows that they have been introduced commercially That islands have been more frequently visited by naturalists — them — is Island probably by all of am])le explanation for number of species other than Cdckroachcs known from them the larger The following table shows the distribution of the dilierent forms : — MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY BULLETLX OF THE chance, because would have it less inclination to attempt to leave the wood or what-not, which kept it above the waters, and thus the exceptional proportion of subapterous forms may readily be explained At the same time, there can be little reason to question that a few of drift the species may be supposed to have reached the islands by fUght One of tliem, the Sphingonotus, is strong-winged, and is said by Stal to occur Puna also in the island of in the Uay of Guayaquil ; this genus contains exceedingly few Orthoptera believed to be to the Old and New Worlds Two others fiill in the same species wliich are common among tlie genus, Schistocerca, to which belongs S 2)