Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com PICKLEBALL Fundamentals USA Pickleball Association With Mary Littlewood Human Kinetics Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Littlewood, Mary L Pickleball fundamentals / Mary Littlewood pages cm “USA Pickleball Association.” 1. Pickleball (Game) Handbooks, manuals, etc. I Title GV990.L58 2015 796.34 dc23 2014047773 ISBN: 978-1-4925-0413-9 (print) Copyright © 2015 by USA Pickleball Association and Mary Littlewood All rights reserved Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization of this work in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography, photocopying, and recording, and in any information storage and retrieval system, is forbidden without the written permission of the publisher Notice: Permission to reproduce the following material is granted to instructors and agencies who have purchased Pickleball Fundamentals: pp 11, 141 The reproduction of other parts of this book is expressly forbidden by the above copyright notice Persons or agencies who have not purchased Pickleball Fundamentals may not reproduce any material The USAPA does not mean to imply endorsement to any of the brands or equipment shown or mentioned throughout the book The web addresses cited in this text were current as of January 2015, unless otherwise noted Acquisitions Editor: Tom Heine Managing Editor: Nicole Moore Copyeditor: Jan Feeney Senior Graphic Designer: Keri Evans Cover Designer: Keith Blomberg Photograph (cover): Neil Bernstein Photographs (interior): Neil Bernstein unless otherwise noted; Terry Guerrant for figures Intro 4, 1.4, 2.3a, 3.3, 4.3, 5.1, 5.6b, 8.1, and 8.3 Visual Production Assistant: Joyce Brumfield Photo Production Manager: Jason Allen Art Manager: Kelly Hendren Associate Art Manager: Alan L Wilborn Illustrations: © Human Kinetics Printer: Versa Press Printed in the United States of America 10 The paper in this book is certified under a sustainable forestry program Human Kinetics Website: www.HumanKinetics.com United States: Human Kinetics P.O Box 5076 Champaign, IL 61825-5076 800-747-4457 e-mail: humank@hkusa.com Australia: Human Kinetics 57A Price Avenue Lower Mitcham, South Australia 5062 08 8372 0999 e-mail: info@hkaustralia.com Canada: Human Kinetics 475 Devonshire Road Unit 100 Windsor, ON N8Y 2L5 800-465-7301 (in Canada only) e-mail: info@hkcanada.com New Zealand: Human Kinetics P.O Box 80 Torrens Park, South Australia 5062 0800 222 062 e-mail: info@hknewzealand.com Europe: Human Kinetics 107 Bradford Road Stanningley Leeds LS28 6AT, United Kingdom +44 (0) 113 255 5665 e-mail: hk@hkeurope.com E6414 www.ebook777.com 00_E6414_FM_i-xvi.indd 5/14/15 10:52 AM Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Contents Acknowledgments v Introduction vii Key to Diagrams xv Chapter Warming Up and Stretching Chapter Ready Position, Grips, and Ball Control 13 Chapter Forehand and Backhand Groundstrokes 33 Chapter Serve and Return 45 Chapter Volley 61 Chapter Dink 81 Chapter Lob 91 Chapter Overhead Smash 103 Chapter Drop Shot 113 Chapter 10 Shot Selection and the Mental Game 125 Chapter 11 Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 143 About the USAPA 157 About the Writer 159 iii Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com This page intentionally left blank www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Acknowledgments T hank you to the Ahwatukee Recreation Center Pickleball Club, who provided the courts for the photos; Sandra Stultz, who assisted the author with numerous tasks in the writing of this book; and Jim Hackenberg, who served as a technical advisor to the author Thanks also to the following players who devoted their time and energy to be the models for the photos in this book: Jaimi Foster, Rena Han, Gigi LeMaster, Patrick Leonard, Ron Robinson, David Zapatka, and Dianne Zimmerman v Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com This page intentionally left blank www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Introduction I f you are not already involved in the sport of pickleball, you’re probably wondering what it is It is an easy-to-learn game that can be played either indoors or outdoors on a badminton-size court A seamless perforated plastic ball the approximate size of a baseball, such as a Wiffle ball, is hit with a solid, smooth paddle either after one bounce or in the air The object of the game is to hit the ball over the net, which is approximately feet high, to the opponent in such a way that it cannot be returned successfully While singles and doubles are both played, doubles is currently more popular Because of its popularity, this book focuses more heavily on pickleball doubles play than singles play Similarly, instructions and photos are based on play by right-handed players; the assumption is that left-handed players will reverse the instructions Pickleball, enjoyed by players of all ages and skill levels, is soaring in popularity Courts are springing up in backyards and public parks regularly, and the game is now being taught in many schools This book provides you with information about the skills and strategies of pickleball so that you, too, can enjoy this exciting game History The game was created in 1965 by Joel Pritchard, congressman from the state of Washington, and Bill Bell, a successful businessman, at Pritchard’s home on Bainbridge Island as a means of entertaining their respective families—in particular their kids—during a family barbecue An old outdoor badminton court on the property provided a place to play Family members used Ping-Pong paddles to volley a plastic ball (unearthed during a search through rusty implements and gardening tools on the property) over an improvised net that was 60 inches high The players soon discovered that the ball bounced nicely on the asphalt, so they lowered the net to 36 inches Barney McCallum was introduced to the game the following weekend while visiting the Pritchards Pritchard, Bell, and McCallum created simple rules, staying true to the original goal of creating a game that the whole family could play together The game the three devised proved to be so much fun for all of the family members that it soon became vii ©Pickle-ball Inc ©Pickle-ball Inc Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com a regular weekend activity at the Pritchards’ Accounts of how the name pickleball originated vary A July 16, 2013, article in the Wall Street Journal says this: “The name comes not from the family dog, Pickles, as popularly related According to a newspaper column by Pritchard’s wife, Joan, it was so heavily based on other games it remindThe first pickleball court on the ed her of the pickle boat in crew, ‘where Pritchard’s property oarsmen were chosen from the leftovers of other boats.’” Popular belief as related over the years is that the game was named after the dog, Pickles, who chased after the ball Others claim both accounts may actually be true Regardless of where it came from, the name pickleball has endured The game gradually caught on, and the first known pickleball tournament in the world was held in the spring of 1976 at the South Center Athletic Club in Tukwila, The first wood paddle used Washington Many of the participants were collegiate tennis players who knew very little about pickleball In fact, they practiced with large wood paddles and a baseball-size Wiffle ball As more people played the game, liked it, and wanted to continue playing, the need for consistent rules, established tournament formats, and equipment standards became more important Consequently, the USA Pickleball Association was organized in 1984 and published the first rule book in March of that year The USAPA continues to serve as the national governing body of the sport Detailed information about all aspects of pickleball is available on their website, www.usapa.org The International Federation of Pickleball (IFP) was formed for the purpose of standardizing pickleball competition and rules worldwide and produced its first rulebook in 2010 The USAPA now recognizes the IFP’s Official Tournament Rulebook as the official reference for competition throughout the world Pickleball was included for the first time in the 2003 Huntsman World Senior Games in St George, Utah The games, whose mission is to foster global peace, health and friendship, originated in 1987 and is the largest annual multisport event in the world for athletes aged 50 and older The visibility of pickleball on that stage spurred a rise in the popularity of the sport worldwide According to the USAPA, by February, 2015, pickleball was being played in all 50 states at more than 3,000 sites It is now quite possibly among the fastest-growing sports in the world viii www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Court A pickleball court is 44 feet long and 20 feet wide (13.4 by 6.1 m), the same size as a doubles badminton court To put this into perspective, a tennis court is 78 feet long and, for doubles, 36 feet wide Two to four pickleball courts would fit on one tennis court A line going from sideline to sideline on a pickleball court, feet (2.1 m) from the net, designates an area called the non-volley zone, commonly referred to by players as the kitchen The non-volley zone line is considered part of the non-volley zone, so all rules that pertain to the non-volley zone apply to the line Therefore, a served ball landing on the non-volley zone line is a fault Each service court is 15 feet long and 10 feet wide (4.6 by m) The net is 36 inches high (91 cm) over the sidelines and 34 inches high (86 cm) in the center of the court 36 in Sideline Non-volley zone 34 in Base line Center line 20 ft 10 ft 15 ft ft 44 ft Diagram of a pickleball court E6414/USAPA/int.03/506982/alw/r3 Equipment Very little equipment is needed for a game of pickleball Durable paddles are available in a variety of materials There are several brands of balls acceptable for competition Some are more durable than others Standards for apparel and shoes are more lax in pickleball than in tennis An overview of each category of equipment follows Introduction ix Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com More to choose and use Keeping the Ball in Play Not enough can be said about the value of keeping the ball in play, a feat that is accomplished by decreasing unforced errors in a game situation Consider three statistics cited in The Official Pickleball Handbook (1999) by Mark Friedenberg: Three of every four rallies (75 percent) are won or lost because of errors One of every four rallies (25 percent) are actually earned or won by a good shot Three out of every four errors (75 percent) are made at the baseline by hitting the ball into the net or out of bounds Too often, beginning players attempt to hit the ball too low over the net, trying to make the perfect shot; not surprisingly, they often fall short of perfection and consequently the ball goes into the net A far more effective approach is to make keeping the ball in play your main objective Even if your return isn’t perfect and ends up being a setup for an aggressive smash from the opponents, you have placed the burden of keeping the ball in play on the opponents And it is possible that their smash could go into the net! As you’re learning the game, use those shots that are considered to be high-percentage shots Because the net is lower in the middle of the court (34 inches) than over the sidelines (36 inches), hit the majority of your shots over the middle As your game improves and your play becomes more consistent, then you can try for angled shots toward the sidelines 146 www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Basic Doubles Strategies Take it to the court While the best players may use the strategies of the doubles game automatically now, they, too, were beginners at one time Select one or two strategies to work on; when they become automatic to you and your partner, work on two more Eventually your team will truly be one working together toward a common goal: success! • Strive for 100 percent accuracy on serves The serve is the only shot in the game that is uncontested— the receiving team must let the ball bounce before it can be hit (the double-bounce rule) Therefore, there is no excuse for not serving the ball over the net into the proper court Your first objective should be to serve with 100 percent accuracy Once you accomplish that, then you can focus on a more aggressive serve and placing the serve Don’t try to get too fancy with your serve too soon • The forehand player has the primary responsibility for balls down the middle Even though, as Alex and Jennifer said, it’s better for both players to go for the ball rather than neither one trying for it, balls down the middle are the primary responsibility of the player whose forehand is down the middle Most forehands are stronger than backhands, so allowing the player whose forehand is in position to hit the ball will enable your team to return the ball with the strongest possible shot • Anticipate what the return shot will be and move into position to cover the possible angle of the return shot The location of the opponents on the court, the paddle position and the body position of the player hitting the ball, and the possible angles for the return shot will tell you what the shot will probably be and where it will be hit Be prepared to move into position for the return For example, if you and your partner are at the net and one of you has executed a mis-hit that will be a setup for a smash, instead of maintaining your position at the net, both of you should move back with the hope that one of you will be able to get your paddle on the ball as it is smashed back across the net (figure 11.1) Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 147 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com R2 R1 11.1 S1 S2 Covering the angle of the return E6414/USAPA/fig.11.01/508841/alw/r3 • Always face the ball on the other side of the net Regardless of where you are on the court and where the ball is on the other side of the net, assume a position that is always facing the ball In addition, always be prepared for the ball to be hit to you • Know where you are on the court and where the boundary lines are Many beginners will hit any ball coming to them regardless of the flight of the oncoming ball and where they are standing on the court Every time you hit a ball that would have gone out of bounds, you’re extending the rally when, had you let the ball hit the ground first, you would have won the rally • Always strive for placement and control rather than speed when you hit the ball The more games that you play, the better you will be able to see where your opponents are on the court As the ball is coming to you, note where your opponents are and in what direction they’re moving (if they’re moving) Then place the ball behind them or in an open space on their court Advanced Doubles Strategies When you and your partner both feel confident that you’re playing a smart game and you’re satisfied with your play together as a team, you can start thinking about using more advanced strategies, such as poaching, stacking, and putting spin on the ball Don’t force their use, but when the opportunity to use them arises, give them a try 148 www.ebook777.com 11_E6414_Ch11_143-156.indd 148 5/14/15 10:59 AM Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Poaching If one partner is already at the net—especially on the left side while facing the net—and the other partner is coming to the net but is not there yet, and the opposing team is pretty predictable about where their groundstroke is going, the net player can poach by moving across in front of the partner staying behind the non-volley zone line and hitting the ball just after it crosses the net (R2 in figure 11.2) Normally a shot hit by a player poaching will be a winner, but in the event it isn’t, R1 switching to the side vacated by his partner ensures that their court is covered The advantage of poaching is that the ball is returned quicker than it would be if it were allowed to continue on to the partner who is still advancing toward the non-volley zone line The disadvantage of poaching is that if the opposing team suspects that the net player is going to move across to poach, they will hit a line shot behind the poaching player Poaching can occur on either side, but is usually a stronger shot if the ball is hit by the forehand of the player poaching R1 S2 R2 S1 R2 11.2 R1 Poaching Stacking E6414/USAPA/fig.11.02/507842/alw/r2 Every year, there are more players of all ages interested in competing against others in local, regional, national, and international tournaments In preparation for that competition, players are exploring ways of improving their chances of winning One of those is to use Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 149 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com stacking Simply put, stacking means that during the serve, the stronger player, whose forehand should be down the middle, lines up either at the baseline or at the non-volley zone line to the left (facing the net) of his partner If the doubles team consists of one right-hand player and one left-hand player, the right-hand player would always line up to the left of his left-hand partner Jim Hackenberg, winner of multiple gold medals in men’s doubles and mixed doubles, notes that more pickleball doubles teams are stacking and explains two situations in which it is particularly beneficial: The first relates to a doubles team that consists of a left-hand player and a right-hand player Stacking allows them to keep both of their forehands down the middle As most players know, hitting the ball down the middle of the court is one of the best shots The net is lower in the middle so there’s a higher margin for error if you mis-hit the shot and there is the possibility of confusion about who should take the shot by the opposing team Stacking also can be an advantage to a doubles team that consists of one player who is more dominant—quicker, stronger, and more consistent—than his partner Mixed-doubles teams that consist of a player who is stronger than the other often use stacking so that the stronger player’s forehand is covering all middle shots The rules pertaining to the serve and the return of the serve apply to the two players involved in the serve action, not their partners So while the server must stand behind the baseline and behind the proper service court, the server’s partner can stand anywhere Similarly, the player receiving the serve should be in a position that will allow for a return of serve, but the receiving player’s partner can be anywhere on or just off of their court Jim considers that there are a full stack, a 75 percent stack, and a serving (defensive) stack For a 75 percent stack, your team would stack in all instances except when the weaker player is receiving the serve behind the left service court If your team chose to use a serving (defensive) stack, you would stack only when your team is serving; with this option, both players would receive serves normally Figure 11.3 illustrates the way players would stack in various situations 150 www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Situation Position before serve Action after serve Stronger player serving from right Sp Wp Stronger player slides left Stronger player serving from left Sp Wp Standard Weaker player serving from right Sp Wp Standard Weaker player serving from left Sp Wp Stronger player receiving from right Sp Stronger player receiving from left 11.3 Wp Sp Weaker player receiving from right Wp Weaker player receiving from left Weaker player slides rights Wp Stronger player runs to non-volley zone line on left Standard Wp Sp Standard Sp Weaker player runs to non-volley zone line on right Stacking chart E6414/USAPA/fig11.03/508843/alw/r4 Jim offers this advice to players who are considering stacking: The advantages of stacking are fairly easy to identify—both players hit more shots with their forehands, and the dominant player has more opportunities to cover a larger area of the court The disadvantages are also pretty simple to identify—teams forget where they are supposed to be! Nothing is worse than losing a point by being out of position Never enter a tournament and try to stack if you haven’t practiced it several times with your partner Just as you need to practice the skills of the game, you also need to practice stacking Have the first server wear a red wristband just like in a tournament After a rally, ask yourself what your score is The answer will tell you which partner is where Your first server will be behind the right service court (facing the net) any time your score is even and behind the left service court when your score is odd With practice, stacking becomes a valuable tool Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 151 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Putting Spin on the Ball Once your pickleball game becomes consistent and you feel confident that you can control the speed and direction of the ball coming off of your paddle, then you might want to experiment with putting spin on the ball A topspin or a backspin on groundstrokes, a sidespin on a serve, and a backspin on dinks can be very effective (See the More to Choose and Use section in chapter for details on applying spin.) Give it a go Singles Strategies The obvious difference between playing pickleball doubles and singles is that only one player is competing against one opposing player in a singles game A game still consists of one player scoring 11 points and being at least points ahead of the opponent, and a match is the best two out of three games When the server’s score is even, he serves from behind the right service court (as he faces the net); when the score is odd, he serves from behind the left service court The skills are the same, although in singles soft shots at the net are not as prevalent as in doubles The server stands right next to the center line so that he can easily move either to the right or left to get to the return shot Because there are long rallies of dinking in doubles but not in singles, a competitive pickleball match in doubles takes about twice as long as a match in singles Playing pickleball singles successfully requires a player not only to be in good physical condition but also to be able to anticipate the next shot from the opponent There is no partner to help cover the court, so if the competing player can get a jump on moving in the correct direction of the next shot, it’s definitely to the player’s advantage Most players start out playing doubles and then move on to singles if they are interested in a more challenging experience 152 www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Wes Gabrielsen, who in his first year of competition in the USAPA 2013 national tournament won several gold medals in men’s singles, men’s doubles, and mixed doubles, highlights the following strategies as keys to singles play: ■■ Change the direction and speed of the ball as much as possible. You want to keep your opponent off balance and running as much as you can Use a mixture of spins, slices, depth, and angles ■■ Take advantage of your opponent’s weaknesses If you know that your opponent has a weak backhand or is hesitant to move quickly in a certain direction, exploit that weakness Always use your strengths against the opponent’s weaknesses ■■ Be aggressive Follow up a return of the serve by going to the non-volley zone line By being at the net, you are decreasing the target area your opponent could hit to and putting pressure on your opponent to hit a passing shot If you have an opening for a put-away shot, take it! ■■ Hit your serves and groundstrokes deep A deep, hard-driven serve or groundstroke keeps your opponent deep in his court You want to keep the opponent away from the net and prevent the player from assuming an offensive position ■■ Play your game Make sure that you stick to your game plan and don’t let yourself play the kind of game that is the strength of your opponent Stay in control with a confident mind-set Wes notes that anyone aspiring to play singles must be in good physical condition He suggests playing a lot of singles before entering a tournament Three of Wes’ favorite drills for singles follow Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 153 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Figure Eight Player (P1) is on one end of the court and player (P2) is on the other Player hits all line shots and player hits all crosscourt shots (figure 11.4) Players switch the kind of shot they’re hitting This drill is excellent for ball control and conditioning P1 P2 11.4 Figure eight drill E6414/USAPA/fig.11.05/508850/alw/r2 Figure Eight at the Net This is identical to the figure eight except it’s played in the kitchen or the non-volley zone Player (P1) hits dinks straight across the net and player hits crosscourt dinks They switch the kind of shot they hit (figure 11.5) It’s a good drill for conditioning and practicing short, quick moves P1 11.5 154 P2 Figure eight at the net drill E6414/USAPA/fig.11.06/508851/alw/r2 www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com Windshield Wiper Player (P1) has a basket or ball hopper filled with balls Player is at the opposite baseline Player (P1) feeds balls to player and player returns each one with a forehand groundstroke and then a backhand groundstroke (figure 11.6) When the basket is empty, they switch positions P2 P1 11.6 Windshield wiper drill Match Point E6414/USAPA/fig.11.07/508855/alw/r2 Some players quickly figure out the strategies of the game and are able to use them at the appropriate time To the majority of players, though, strategies just like skills, have to be learned and practiced The most effective way to learn and practice is to watch good, experienced players compete against others of equal ability Videos of recent gold-medal matches in USAPA tournaments are available from the USAPA website The USAPA has made great strides in producing professionally done videos Every year more and more pickleball tournaments are held Tournaments from all over the United States and Canada are listed on the USAPA website While tournaments historically grouped competitors by age group—19 and older, 35 and older, 50 to 54, 55 to 59, and so on, all the way to 80 and older—most tournaments now use a skill rating system in addition to age The larger tournaments often include both age group and skill divisions Players are rated according to their opinion of their ability or their success—or lack of success—in previous USAPA tournaments The skill rating system as of the publication of this book is 5.0 (best players), 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, Strategies for Doubles and Singles Play 155 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com 3.0 Most tournaments won’t go lower than a 3.0 skill division, and some go no lower than 3.5 While the actual designations of skill level might change in the future, the concept will remain the same Players playing in their first USAPA tournament select the age group or skill level they wish to enter If they win a medal, the USAPA automatically moves them up to the next rating Competition is held in mixed doubles, men’s doubles, and women’s doubles; some tournaments offer competition in men’s and women’s singles The larger tournaments also offer competition in open divisions, which any player can enter These tournaments often establish a requirement of minimum skill rating For example, an open division for men’s doubles might include a team of 30-year-olds playing against a team of 70-year-olds The open divisions, predictably, are usually the largest in the tournament in terms of the number of entries If you can attend a tournament, that’s the best way to get a feel for what good pickleball is all about If you can’t make it to a tournament, watch the videos Regardless of whether you’re there in person or watching the play on your computer, focus on why the good teams are winning Then when you go back to your own courts to play, focus on only one or two strategies every time you play One day it can be communicating with your partner The next time, work on getting to the net quickly and side by side with your partner Eventually those tactics will become automatic to you As that happens, you will see much improvement in your overall game If you want more action and are eager to pit your playing ability against the ability of a lone competitor, give singles play a try Being able to play both pickleball singles and doubles with success is an admirable accomplishment 156 www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com About the USAPA The USA Pickleball Association (USAPA) originated in the mid1980s and became the official governing body of pickleball in 2005. Its mission is to promote the growth and development of pickleball throughout the world This organization provides players with official rules, sanctioned tournaments, rankings, promotional materials, and training The number of dedicated pickleball courts in the United States is increasing 50 percent each year For more information regarding pickleball and the USAPA, visit www.USAPA.org 157 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com This page intentionally left blank www.ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com About the Writer Mary Littlewood taught physical education and coached various sports at the university level She was head softball coach and head volleyball coach of the NCAA Division I program at Arizona State University After retirement, Littlewood discovered pickleball She began competing in the Arizona Senior Olympics, Huntsman World Senior Games, and other tournaments, earning numerous gold, silver, and bronze medals This success, merged with Littlewood’s enthusiasm for the game and education, led her to teach pickleball in clinics all over Arizona She wrote The History of Women’s Fastpitch Softball: The Path to the Gold, published by the National Fastpitch Coaches Association She also is the author of Teaching for Success in Pickleball, Drilling for Success in Pickleball, and Pickleball: A Guide for Teaching She published From Rags to Riches, a memoir of her experiences at ASU from the pre- to post-Title IX years Littlewood currently writes a “Coaching Tips” column for her pickleball club website 159 Free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com You’ll find other outstanding racquet sports resources at www.HumanKinetics.com/tennis In the U.S call 1-800-747-4457 Australia 08 8372 0999 • Canada 1-800-465-7301 Europe +44 (0) 113 255 5665 • New Zealand 0800 222 062 HUMAN KINETICS The Premier Publisher for Sports & Fitness P.O Box 5076 • Champaign, IL 61825-5076 USA www.ebook777.com ... Stretch Sit and place the soles of the feet together (figure 1.5a) With the elbows inside the knees, grasp the ankles and gently press the elbows downward, pushing the knees toward the ground... 0, and the second server is serving After the serving team loses the rally, the serve goes to the opponents From then until the end of the game, both partners have the opportunity to serve The. .. From then until the end of the game, both partners have the opportunity to serve The score consists of three numbers: the server’s score, the serve receive team’s score, and whether it’s the first