A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese is an invaluable tool for all learners of Mandarin Chinese, providing a list of the 5,000 words and the 2,000 Chinese characters most commonly used in the language Based on a 50-million-wo「d corpus composed of spoken, fiction, non-fiction and news texts in current use, the dictionary provides the user with a detailed frequency-based list, as well as alphabetical and part-of-speech indexes All entries in the frequency list feature the English equivalent and a sample sentence with English translation The dictionary also contains 30 thematically organised lists of frequently used words on a variety of topics such as food, weather, travel and time expressions A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese enables students of all levels to maximise their study of Mandarin vocabulary in an efficient and engaging way It also represents an excellent resource for teachers of the language Richard Xiao is Senior Lecturer and Programme Leader in Chinese Studies at Edge Hill University Paul Rayson is Director of the University Centre for Computer Corpus Research on Language and a teaching fellow at Lancaster University T o n y McEnery is Professor of English Language and Linguistics at Lancaster University Routledge Frequency D i c t i o n a r i e s General Editors: Paul Rayson, Lancaster University, UK Mark Davies, Brigham Young University, USA Editorial Board: Michael Barlow, University of Auckland, New Zealand Geoffrey Leech, Lancaster University, UK Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, University of Lodz, Poland Josef Schmied, Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany Andrew Wilson, Lancaster University, UK Adam Kilgarriff, Lexicography MasterClass Ltd and University of Sussex, UK Hongying Tao, University of California at Los Angeles Chris Tribble, King's College London, UK O t h e r books in t h e series: A Frequency Dictionary of German A Frequency Dictionary of Portuguese A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish A Frequency Dictionary of French (forthcoming) A Frequency Dictionary of Arabic (forthcoming) A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese Core vocabulary for learners Richard Xiao, Paul Rayson and Tony McEnery Routledge Taylor & Francis Group LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 2009 by Routledge Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Ave, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2009 Richard Xiao, Paul Rayson and Tony McEnery Typeset in Parisine by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong All rights reserved No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Xiao, Richard A frequency dictionary of Mandarin Chinese : core vocabulary for learners / Richard Xiao, Paul Rayson, Tony McEnery p cm Includes index Chinese language一Dictionaries一English I Rayson, Paul II McEnery, Tony, - III Title PL1455.X537 2008 495.1'321—dc22 2008030172 ISBN13: 978-0-415-45586-2 (pbk) ISBN13: 978-0-203-88307-5 (ebk) Contents Thematic vocabulary list | vi Series preface | vii Abbreviations | v i i i Introduction | References | 17 The ICTCLAS part of speech annotation scheme | 190 Frequency index | 20 Alphabetical index | 239 Part of speech index | 300 Character frequency index | 356 Thematic vocabulary lists Fruits | 20 17 Human body | 127 Drinks and beverages | 27 18 The n u m b e r system in Chinese | 135 Food | 34 19 Time expressions | 145 Clothing | 41 20 Chinese festivals | 150 Colours | 49 21 Chinese zodiac signs | 157 Weather and e q u i p m e n t | 54 22 Animals | 164 City facilities and stores | 61 23 Kinship and family relations | 172 Travel | 68 24 Moods and emotions | 177 Directions and locations | 74 25 English loanwords | 184 10 Cities | 82 26 Language learning | 191 11 House and room | 88 27 C o m m o n l y used words in the spoken 12 H o m e electronics | 94 13 Computers and the internet | 101 14 School life and subjects | 109 15 Professions | 1 16 Sports | 122 register | 199 28 C o m m o n l y used words in the fiction register | 29 C o m m o n l y used words in the non-fiction register | 214 30 C o m m o n words in the news register | 220 Series preface Frequency information has a central role to play in learning a language Nation (1990) showed that the , 0 - , 0 most frequent words account for up to 95 per cent o f a written text and the 1,000 most frequent words account for 85 per cent of speech Although Nation's results were only for English, they provide clear evidence that, when employing frequency as a general guide for vocabulary learning, it is possible to acquire a lexicon which will serve a learner well most o f the time There are two caveats to bear in m i n d here First, counting words is not as straightforward as it m i g h t seem Gardner (2007) highlights the problems that multiple word meanings, the presence o f m u l t i w o r d items, and grouping words into families or lemmas, have on counting and analysing words Second, frequency data contained in frequency dictionaries should never act as the only information source to guide a learner Frequency information is nonetheless a very good starting point, and one which may produce rapid benefits It therefore seems rational to prioritise learning the words that you are likely to hear and read most often That is the philosophy behind this series of dictionaries Lists o f words and their frequencies have long been available for teachers and learners o f language For example, Thorndike (1921, 1932) and Thorndike and Lorge (1944) produced word frequency books with counts o f word occurrences in texts used in the education of American children Michael West's General Service List of English Words (1953) was primarily aimed at foreign learners o f English More recently, with the aid o f efficient computer software and very large bodies o f language data (called corpora), researchers have been able to provide more sophisticated frequency counts f r o m both written text and transcribed speech One i m p o r t a n t feature of the resulting frequencies presented in this series is that they are derived f r o m recently collected language data The earlier lists for English included samples from, for example, Austen's Pride and Robinson Crusoe, Prejudice and Defoe's thus they could no longer represent p「esent-day language in any sense Frequency data derived f r o m a large representative corpus of a language brings students closer to language as it is used in real life as opposed to textbook language (which often distorts the frequencies of features in a language, see Ljung, 1990) The information in these dictionaries is presented in a n u m b e r o f formats to allow users to access the data in different ways So, for example, if you would prefer not to simply drill down through the word frequency list, but would rather focus on verbs for example, the part o f speech index will allow you to focus on just the most frequent verbs Given that verbs typically account for 20 per cent of all words in a language, this may be a good strategy Also, a focus on function words may be equally rewarding - 60 per cent of speech in English is composed o f a mere 50 function words The series also provides information of use to the language teacher The idea that frequency information may have a role to play in syllabus design is not new (see, for example, Sinclair and Renouf, 1988) However, to date it has been difficult for those teaching languages other than English to use frequency information in syllabus design because o f a lack of data viii Series preface Frequency information should not be studied to the exclusion o f othe「contextual and situational knowledge about language use and we may even doubt the validity of frequency information derived f r o m large corpora It is interesting to note that Alderson (2007) found that corpus frequencies may not match a native speaker's intuition about estimates of word frequency and that a set o f estimates o f word frequencies collected f r o m language experts varied widely Thus corpus-derived frequencies are still the best current estimate of a word's importance that a learner will come across Around the t i m e o f the construction o f the first machine-readable corpora, Halliday (1971: 344) stated that "a rough indication of frequencies is often just what is needed" Our aim in this series is to provide as accurate as possible estimates of word frequencies Paul Rayson and Mark Davies Lancaster and Provo, 2008 References Alderson, J.C (2008) Judging the frequency of English words Applied Linguistics, 28(3): 383–409 Gardner, D (2007) Validating the construct of Word in applied corpus-based vocabulary research: a critical survey Applied Linguistics, 28, pp 241–265 Halliday, M.A.K (1971) Linguistic functions and literary style In S Chatman (ed.) Style: A Symposium Oxford University Press, pp 330–365 Ljung, M (1990) A Study of TEFL Vocabulary Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stokholm Nation, I.S.P (1990) Teaching and learning vocabulary Heinle & Heinle, Boston Sinclair, J.M., and Renouf, A (1988) “A lexical syllabus for language learning”, in R Carter & M McCarthy (eds) Vocabulary and Language Teaching Longman, London, pp 140–158 Thorndike, E (1921) Teacher’s Word Book Columbia Teachers College, New York Thorndike, E (1932) A Teacher’s Word Book of 20,000 Words Columbia University Press, New York Thorndike, E and Lorge, I (1944) The Teacher’s Word Book of 30,000 Words Columbia University Press, New York West, M (1953) A General Service List of English Words Longman, London Abbreviations Abbreviation Word class Example adj adjective 0 好 [ 好 ] l h a o l (1) adj good, w e l l 我 认 为 她 唱 得 很 好。She adv adve「b sang well, I thought 0 不 [ 不 ] I b U I (1) adv no, n o t 这 条 街 不 准 停 车 。 You can't park in this street aux auxiliary 11951 | 0.8 | 9535 50589 | 0.8 | 40245 0005 了 [了] //e/ (1) aux [aspect marker indicating realisation of a situation] ^！也从马上摔了下来。She fell o f f h e r h o r s e 51296 | 0.9 | 46283 clas classifier 0 个 [ 個 ] 供 / (1) clas [generalised measure word used for nouns without a specific measure term]山31？边有一 个村J土 There is a village beyond the hill 36612 | 0.83 | 30504 conj conjunction 0099 因 为 [ 因 為 ] l y m w e i l (1) conj because 她 需 要 一 把 伞 ， 因 为 天 在 下 雨 � S h eneeds an umbrella because it's raining idiom interj 4520 | 0.75 | 3378 idiomatic and 可 不 [ 可 不 ] I k e b u l idiom [same a s 可 不 是 o r 可 不 formulaic 是吗]sure enough, e x a c t l y 她 是 个 十 足 的 美 人 ， 可 不 是 exp「essions 吗？ She's a regular beauty, isn't she? 181 | 0.62 | 112 interjection 嗎[n恩]/en, hg, ng, hg/ (1) interj [interjection used for questioning, surprise, disapproval, or agreement] well, eh, hey, m - h m , uh-huh 卩恩，他们是 天 生 一 对 嘛 。 W e l l , they seem to make a good couple 2525 I 0.18 I 449 I S loc direction and locality 0 上 [ 上 ] I s h a n g ! (1) loc up, on, i n 孩 子 的 新 毛 衣 上 勾了 一 个 洞 “ T h e child has picked a hole in his new jumper 22041 n noun 丨 o.92 丨 20201 0 人 [ 人 ] I r e n l (1) n person, human, man 我 尊 重 他 这 位作家，也尊重他这个人° I respect him as a writer and as a man 247241 0.86121225 num numeral 0 — [ - ] lyTI (1) num one, a, an 市 政 大 厅 前 有 一 群 人 ° There is a crowd of people in front o f the town h a l l 69925 I 0.89 | 62263 ono onomatopoei a 3 呀 [ 呀 ] l y a l ono the sound of a creak 门 呀 的 一 声 开 了 。 T h e door opened with a creak 2231 0.41 1901 s 376 A Frequency D i c t i o n a r y o f M a n d a r i n Chinese 0765 财[財]/cd/7 (3)财产2088 财政24oo 财冨2620 0800 旅 [ 旅 ] / / / (1)旅游M0 旅 客3 64 旅3 64 1^^73812 M fi3839 W 务3543 财 3711 6 竟 [ 竟 ] I f m g l (2)竟 1304 究竟M13 毕 竟 1571 抗 [ 抗 ] I k a n g l ( ) 抗3 7对 抗3 9抗 议 孤 Kin；3816 ^ JTL3882 竟然2102 0767 余 阳[ 餘 [ ] l陽 太 阳 其余 1389 阳光 1777 阳 2394 y u l ](2)余0800 余 [ 餘 ] l y u l (2)余0800 其余3575 业余3692 爷 [ 爺 ] _ (2)爷2065 爷爷2409 大爷2969 老爷3447 园 [ 園 ] / y w d n / ( ) 公 园 1998 园2437 校园2981 ^ 03153 % 04247 ^ J L 4581 2065 皮[皮]/p/7 ( ) 皮 2065皮肤 糾0 1598 互 [ 互 ] _ (1)互相 1282 相互 1481 互3834 7 货 [ 貨 ] / h u d / (2)货層货物3340 0805协[協]Ixiel (3)协议怕巧协会观 协调巩 S!] 3815128 ^394 0771 啦 [ 啦 ] / l a / (1)啦0378 0772 温[溫] fw 巨 nf (2)温暖2441 溫度3467 温3693 0806 楚 [ 楚 ] I c h u l (1)清楚0481 露 [ 露 ] " u , lou/ (2)露2877 露出3061 暴露3165 ； 0温暖2441 0773 S [ 套 ] ( ) 套 透露3412 0774赶[趕]/gdnf (2)赶拟0赶紧扣®赶到观 S11^2993 H ±3406 8 材[材]/cd/7 ( ) 材 料 1076 题材3715 身材4035 教材4916 7 杂 [ 雜 ] / z d / ( ) 复 杂 1 2杂 志 泌 杂 79 7 慢 [ 慢 ] f m a n f ( ) 慢 慢1277 慢 1793 缓慢4841 1369 7 笔 [ 筆 ] I b l l ( ) 笔 1793 笔 1793 泌3 7 宣 [ 宣 ] / w a n / (2)宣布 1149 宣 传 1370 宣言3941 毒[毒] IdlUl (3)毒品2448 毒 2904 ^ #3676 吸毒4958 3 8 冷 [ 冷 ] ( ) 冷 1冷 静冷 静 扣 寒 冷^ #367 0811 脚 [ 腳 ] " i d o l (1)脚 0790 脚步4811 1241 1791 肯 [ 肯 ] / / ( 细 / ( ) 肯 定 川 肯脚定0790 肯 脚步481 M ^4674 7 某 [ 某 ] I m o u l (2)某0480 某些 1731 朝 [ 朝 ] / c h a o , zhao/ (1)朝測 0781 烟[煙]/y份>/(2) 'J01O73 吸 烟 4 恥 抽 烟4 49 # ^4279 0813普[普]_ 1179 (2)普通 3000 普遍1476 3926 限 [ 限 ] I x i a n l ( ) 限 制 有 限 3000 力 ％ 无 限3000 ®4453 m ®4870 PS ®4927 香烟4750 0782 短 [ 短 ] f d u a n f (1)短 1097 短暂4319 短期4872 略 [ 略 ] f l u e / ( ) 战 略 w s 侵略2799 略2830 3156 遗[遺]/y/7 (3) j t f e o s 遗址四。6 遗 产 3000 县 [ 縣 ] I x i a n l (2)县0845 县城3000 编 [ 編 ] I b i a n l (2)编 2231 编辑2273 Mffl§3806^ ffl§4681 1749 2576 3279 奇 [ 奇 ] / q f , /[/ ( ) 奇 怪1097 奇1097 奇 迹1097 好奇4027 ,申奇4077 8 喝 [ 喝 ] / h e , he/ (1)喝0 喝酒hos 0819销[銷]/义如/销售1196销4952 礼[禮]//" (1)礼2037 礼物3566 婚礼3718 礼貌3744 怀 [ 懷 ] I h u a i l ( ) 怀 疑1 6 3怀 術 怀 切 关怀3557 龆 [ 船 ] f c h u d n f (1)船0879 救 [ 救 ] ( ) 救 1942 抢救4309 率 [ 率 ] " d , shuai/ 2 彩 [ 彩 ] _ ( ) 色 彩 13 精 彩 彩 3 76 (2)率效率2952 率―页3643 0788 堂[堂]/tcing/ (1)堂2020 食堂4174 课堂4428 天堂4820 左 [ 左 ] I z u o l (1)左右0952 左 1224 0790课[課]/始/(1)课1608上课3316课程3838 课题4042课堂4428功课4649 彩色4806 0823 洋 [ 洋 ] f y d n g f ( ) 海 洋 W 洋2481 0824录[錄]_ (1)记录2913纪录3况0记录3%o 录 4495 0825 恶[惡]/色 e/ (3)恶2165 恶实4113 0826掌[掌]/zhang/⑴掌握”si掌声2366掌4044 0791 败 [ 敗 ] / b a i l (2)失败mso 腐败2283 败24o4 f l [私] IsJI (2)私人2656 私3062 走私4360 0792卫[衛](2)卫生1590保卫3217卫星沾36 8 散[散] Isan, san/ ( ) 散 17 范 [ 範 ] ( ) 范 围 1064 2468 2759 4738 微 [ 微 ] f w 巨 U ( ) 微1210 微 笑1210 稍 微1210 咱 [ 咱 ] I z a n l (1)咱们0540 咱 1210 括 [ 括 ] I k u d l (2)包括0394 概括3854 呼 [ 呼 ] i h u i (2)呼吸3452 呼4144 招呼4396 谢 [ 謝 ] / x / e / ( ) 感 谢 22 谢 谢 46 if4064 9 员[靈] ⑴ngi (2)心灵mm I.2204 灵 魂 63 灵话n: 散 咖 散 文 37 罾发4563 亮 [ 亮 ] l l i a n g l (1)漂亮1227 亮2694 亮2839 月亮4523 痛 [ 痛 ] / t o n g j ( ) 痛 苦 59 痛mm 痛 29 ffi'1^4690 0831 雨 [ 雨 ] l y ⑴ ( ) 雨 1406 0832疑[疑]/y/7 (2)怀疑无疑况3疑问4观 3 木 [ 木 ] I m U l (2)木2470 树木4582 Character frequency index 083維 [維 /wei/ (2)维护1549 维持1991 思、维2089 083训 [訓 Ixunl (2)训练、1143 土苦训 1890 教训2131 083熟 [熟 fshu, shou! (1)熟悉1509 成熟1530 熟2192 083秘 [秘 /ml/ (2)夺申禾必2377早必书2729 ^ ^2857 秘密 2991 083肉 [肉 Irdul (1 ) 肉 1187 肌肉4478 083梦 [夢 Imengl (2)梦0756 ^ *|,3256 084弟 [弟 Idil ( ) 兄 弟 246 弟 弟 359 084诗 [詩 IshJI ( ) 诗 仙 诗 人 诗 5歌 915 084架 [架 Ijial (2)架 1547 架3483 打架4146 084体 [休 Ixiul ( ) 休 BJ742 i i #2430 休4685 休闲 4835 084借 [借 Ijiel (1)借0984 借 口 3802 084封 [封 Ifengl (1 )封0977 封建 3658 封闭4457 084香 [香 Ixiangl (1) #1317 香烟4750 084组 [紙 她7(1)报纸1201纸1482 084毕 [畢 ib)i ( ) 毕 业 w o 毕 竟1 1毕 业 生3 47 084鱼 [魚 lyul (1) ^.0885 085缺 [缺 /que/ (2)缺乏1689 缺 1888 缺少2842 缺点 4802 085忙 [忙 Imangl (1) fto86o 帮 1^3725 085异 [異 ly)l (2)差异3214 异4117 异常4160 085娘 [娘 Iniangl (1)姑$良1〇46 安良 2414 085升 [升 ！sheng! (2)升 1839 上升2188 是升4269 升起 4684 085束 [束 Ishul (1)结朿o 约 束 085康 [康 Ikangl ( ) 健 康 _ 085守 [守 IshOUl (2)守 1720 遵守3883 085绍 [紹 Ishaol ( ) 介 绍 0478 介绍4930 085跳 [跳 Itiaol (1)跳0881 跳舞4439 086探 [探 /tan/ (2)探索2232 探 i寸3012 探3057 086免 [免 Imianl (2)避免2025 免费3561 免3767 难免 4514 086通 [遍 /Wdn/ (1)普遍1476 遍 1845 086脱 [脱 /tUO/0)脱刚 摆脱 阵地 脱离2954 阵 3022 086九 [九 ImaOl _ (1(1) ) 九 0560 086阵 [陣 Izhenl (2)阵2158 阵地 2954 阵 3022 086惊 [驚 fjTngJ ⑵ t^3058 震'$3863 '\f, 1^3865 惊人 3866 086执 [執 Izhll ( ) 执 行 12 86 执〜• H 086攻 [攻 fgongj (2)进攻1856 攻击2049 攻2762 086贵 [貴 _ / ( ) 贵 1762 宝贵3489 珍贵 3492 贵族 3716 087毛 [毛 ImaOl (1)毛2454 毛病2737 (1) 087握 [握 ImaOl _ 0)掌握1181把握1797握3028 握手 4546 087迎 [迎 lyfngl (1)欢迎1020 迎 2688 迎接 :；】'> 087健 [健 /jian/ (1)健康0804 087词 [詞 /C/7 ( ) 词 ” 97 4727 2519 3238 377 087哥 [哥 Igel (1 ) I f If1862 U1961 大 I f 2489 087旧 [舊 /JUy ( ) 旧 0944 依旧4280 087款 [款 Ikuanl (2) 1)UC2473 1)；3044 存款4593 087补 [補 Ibul ( ) 补 1821 补充2567 弥？卜4618 087曲 [曲 /qu, qui (3)曲扣的 f j 曲3 759 088福 [福 Iful (1)幸福1238 福2185 福禾|J 3235 088危 [危 /wei/ (1 )危险1303 危 机 1703 危害 3451 088误 [誤 IWUl (1)错误1984 错误2116 耽误4266 失误 4688 误会5001 088监 [監 Ijianl (3)监督1563 监狱3023 088龙 [龍 /long/ (2)龙0918 088奖 [獎 /jiarig/ ( ) 奖 恢 奖 金 5奖 励 _ 088伙 [夥 Ihuol (2)小伙子 9家伙 。 4伙1半 伙4492 088陆 [陸 liul ( ) 大 陆 陆 陆 续 32 陆军 4924 088忘 [忘 Iwangl (1)忘1101 忘记 1940 088克 [克 /kef ( ) 克 服 坦 克 43 ^4050 089虑 [慮 110/ (2)考虑0584 089央 [央 lyangJ (2)中央0541 089翻 [翻 /fan/ ( ) 翻 1105 翻译3476 089概 [概 Igail ( ) 大0541 概 概 念 0541概 括0541 鄉 oo 0541 089威 [威 /wei/ ( ) 威 胁 威 0541 权威0541 0541 089归 [歸 fguT! O 归0541 回归 % 089睡 [睡 Ishull (1) BS0964 31^:2110 ai#4515 睡眠 4779 089静 [靜 /jing/ (1)平静2611 冷静3103 静3434 安静 3770 089唱 [唱 /chang/ ( ) 唱 089沉 [沉 /Chen/ (2)沉重2405 沉3682 沉默4159 090控 [控 Ikdngf (2)控制0758 控4361 090鼓 [鼓 /gu/ (2)鼓励1577 鼓4150 090授 [授 Ishdul (2)教授0711 090渐 [漸 Ijianl (2)逐渐1666 渐渐307 渐3206 090永 [永 lyongl (1)永远0910 永 2945 ^C tl4282 090付 [付 Iful (2)付出 2。55 #2327 对 付2 75 支付 3731 JS {^3814 090幸 [幸 /xmg/ (1) 不幸320 1238 不幸3201 幸运4164 090累 [累 /lei, lei, lei/ (1)累2234 积累3189 08 里f [ if /ye/ ( ) 视 野4 82 野4 34 090嘴 [ 嘴 Izuii ( ) 嘴 1015 嘴里3067 嘴巴4136 091播 [播 /bo/ (1) r?#1686 ^Jf2461 ^§3456 091版 [版 Ibanl ( ) 出 版1 出 版 社 必 版3 32 091挺 [挺 /tmg/ (1)挺0720 fg4612 091趣 [趣 /qu/ (2)兴趣0888 有趣3079 乐®4703 091盘 [盤 /pan/ (2)盘2046 盘 2948 091努 [努 Inul (1)努力0472 091顶 [頂 Idlngl (2)顶 1641 顶4543 091懂 [懂 Idongl ( ) 懂 0817 'II #2013 31 4 1629 3528 929 378 A Frequency Dictionary of Mandarin Chinese 0918 骨[骨]/gCi, gu! (2) #260 464 骨干 骨头 48。4 19 寻[尋]fxOnf (2)寻找1456 寻求3267 寻3383 0920 巨[ 巨] _ (2) 巨大0863 巨4791 1測[ 測] _ (2)预测3560测3727猜 测4897 测试4946 0922 牛[ 牛] ( )牛 2177 33 1牛221 7 牛奶 498 3托[托]/ t u o/ ( )托4 4摩 托 车 恥委 托川 0924 沙[沙]IshW (2)沙2777 沙漠3334 沙发3791 25 尚[尚]fshdingf(3)尚1881 尚未2854 和尚2978 时尚4090 高尚4112 26 屋[ 屋] _ (1) 屋1836 屋里2798 屋子3021 房屋3179 ) 定”况 稳 啦 0927稳[穩]fw吞nf ( 稳 8挑[挑]/ t i a o, tiao/ ( 挑 )1 8挑9 战1观挑 跑_ 0929 含[含]Ihdnl (2)含1580 包含3856 含义4433 述3 42 0930 述[ 述] ( )上 述2 37 描 讲述3974 叙述4554 9下 降 3降 2低 湖 1降[降]/ y d n g / (降 )观 投降3646 5弱 训 0 2弱[弱]/ r w d/ ( 弱 ) 5脆 33 印[印]l y l n/ (2)印象1301 印 3056 0934 松[ 松] ( )轻 松2 51 放松2935 松3824 松4055 35 扬[揚]f y d n gf (1)扬3241 表扬4883 36 怪[怪]/gudlil (2)奇怪1749 怪2546 怪3647 难个圣 4739 0937 尊[尊]fzOnf (2)尊重1268 尊严3133 尊4068 尊敬4255 12 0938 谓[謂]l w油( )所 谓07 9可 谓 无所谓 9恐[恐]I k d n gl (2)恐 怕1514恐 怖2338恐 惧3529 0940 田[田]f t i d nf (2)田 1399 0941 弄[弄]Indngl (2)弄0716 0942 嘛[嘛]fmcU (1)嘛0531 0943 培[培]/pe7/ (3) ±苦养 0907 ±音训1890 5击 4刚 发 射 32 4射[射]/ s秘/ ( 射 ) 1射 5检[檢]1幽1 (1)检查1123 检 验 357 73 74 ) 征 象 征 象 征姬 6征[征]I z h e n gl ( 特 征4346 0947 雪[雪]/XUe/ ( )雪 1350 ) 查视 3审 服 审 美 幻 巧 0948审[審]fsh吞nf ( 审 审判4783 ) 1831 0949 端[ 端] l d _l ( 端 0950 英[英]lyTngl (1)英雄1459 0951 择[擇]/ze7 (2)选 择058 2 s o© 2移[移]/ y /7 ( 转 ) 移彻 移舰 移 动 移民3183 53 旁[旁]/ p d n g/ (1)旁边1572 旁1593 0954 迷[ 迷] _ (2) 迷3455 迷信3890 55 础[礎]/ c汕/ (1)基础。 553 姓[姓]M n gl (1)老 百姓 mo姓姓相恥百姓 66 姓名4285 姓4374 拥[擁]l y o n gl (2) 拥有0985 拥护44% 拥抱4773 枪 [槍]句 诏 呢 / (2)枪1523 0959 摆[擺]/ b a il (1) 摆imi 摆脱2519 登[登]Idengl (2) 登15252 登记33738 85 暴[暴]m。/ ( 暴 ) 力船 暴 露旭 风 暴 轮 [ 輪 ] ( )轮 175 轮4307 0963 篇[篇] _ nl (1) 篇0768 祖[袓]IzCU (1) 袓国1637 洗[洗]1x11 (1) 洗1067 洗澡4768 6 弹[彈]f d d n, tan/ (2) 弹3390 197导弓勒 3862 弹5003 典 [典]I d i a nl ( 典 ) 型 经 典 视典 型3 77 古典恥 抖 0968 若[若]I r u dl (3) 若0954 若干3082 9 索[索]Isuol ( ) 探 索2 22 3线 索3 %9 思 索4 87 云[雲] f y iM (1) 云1566 流 域2视 00 99 7701 域[域] /沖/ ( 3区 )领 域1 域 0972 智[智]/ z W / ( 3智慧 ) 1938 智力 33723 智4384 纷 [紛]/矩n/ ( 纷 ) 纷纠纷腳 透[ 透] _/ (2) 透3030 透露3412 透4316 透过4730 透明4790 渗透4957 暗[ 暗] _ (2) 暗2022 黑暗3413 暗示4312 丝[絲]IsTI (2)丝2951 丝3092 丝毫 3788 7 绿[ 綠] _ (1) 绿1536 绿色2778 亡[亡]/ w d n g/ (3) 死亡1316 伤亡3655 亡4451 0979 秀[秀] /测( )优秀109 0980 禁[禁]/ j l n, jTn/ (2) 禁止3097 禁3625 不禁4167 6动 18 9 宸[ 震] l z _ ( 地 ) 震m o s震 惊3 8震 帝[帝]_ (2) 皇帝巧 46上帝3211 0983 献[獻]/ x i h n/ (2)贡献122 献3478 奉献4他 额[額]l ei (3) 额3003 金额4186 德[德]/cfe7 ( ) 道德1343 德2892 硬[硬]fy、mgf ( )硬 184 硬3阳 33 奋 [ 奮] /免n/ ( 奋 ) 斗 兴奋 兴奋姬 8 宝 [寳]I b d ol ( 宝 ) 宝贵 89 93 9 奶 [奶]/ n d i/ ( 奶 ) 奶他 奶3 4牛1 奶 0990 鲜[鮮]M a n, xian/ (2) 新鲜2248 鲜花3794 舍羊明 3928 舍羊 4415 1卿赌 645 9 博 [博]I b 6l ( 博 ) 士 博物馆 0992 减[減]/ j i d n/ ( )减少 143 减2518 减轻4395 0993 释 [ 釋 ] _ (2) 解释0949 释放3689 9 秋[秋]IqiOl (1) 秋1854 秋天3881 9 竞[競]I j l n gl ( )竞争105 竞选3976 竞象670 2茉 33 9 荣 [榮]I r o n gl ( 繁 ) 茉湖 茉3 2光 茉誉3401 0997 醒[ 醒] ( ) 提 醒2 00 醒2316 清醒2431 0998 麻[ 麻] /_ (1) 麻烦1649 9 尤[尤]I y al (1)尤 其 0639 0956 Character frequency index 0 雄 雄 IXiOngl( 英 ) 雄145 tf 397 01 厚 厚 ihouf (2) 厚2173 深厚 4516 02 軟 ) ^170 软件 2530 软 軟 Iruanl (2 03 茶 茶 Ichdl ( 1茶 ) 1812 04 烧 烧 Ishaol ( 1烧 ) 1134 燃烧 4098 ) 155 覆盖 4830 05 盖 蓋 Igail ( 盖 * Ishdul ( 3销 16 9出 鲁 18 ) 售 06 烧 烧 ) 197 针对 2565 针3937 07 针 針 Izhenl ( 2方针 08 汽 (1) _0718 (1) 汽车 0718 汽车 汽 09 童 童 Itongl ( 2儿 ) 童 童年9 34 1敌4 25 01 敌 敵 Idil ( 2敌 ) 人 257 沉默 415 1 默 默 /md/(2)幽默 12 核 核 lh€l (3) 核/i>187 考核 4613 核492 ) 395 折磨 440 1 13 折 折 /zhe/( 折 14 姑 姑IXial ( ) 姑娘104 /gOf ) 190 夏天 235 夏季 476 15 夏 夏 IXial ( 夏 16 绩 績 IJfl (1 )成绩 083 业绩 409 166 逐步 225 17 逐 逐 IzhUI(2)逐渐 ) 178 ff 3^424 18 灯 燈 Idengl ( 1灯 19 镇 鎮 Izhenl (3) 镇204 ) 168 运输 225 20 输 輸 Ishul ( 1输 21 签 簽 Iqianl ( ) ^269 ^ ij305 签字 450 妻 妻 IqTI( 妻 ) 子 118 夫妻 210 妻265 274 ) 425热 闹 23 闹 鬧 In^ol( 2闹 24 挂 掛 igual ( 1挂 ) 108 25 零 零 liingl (1) 零271 26辯 辯 Iblanl ( 3辩 ) 179 辩论 224 ) 冨 1 20 丰457 27 丰 幽 Ifengl ( 1丰 28 惯 慣 Iguanl (1) 习'I贯 '惯396 2124 572习'I贯316 29 促 促 Icul ( 2促 ) 进 促使 •• 」 30 宫 宮 /gong/( 宫 ) 171 避免 202 回避 351 避449 31 避 避 lb)l (2) 32 损 損 /sun/( 损 ) 失 15%损害 305 9损 472 厅 廳 /ting/( 厅 ) 225 大厅 342 餐厅 485 客厅 48 45 2耶1途 径 94 34 途 途 ItUl ( 2前 ) 途 35 虚 虚 IXUl (2) 虚343 36 谋 謀 Imoul (3) 谋435 # 1^475 ) 196 贫穷 446 37 贫 貧 Ipin! ( 贫困 fhun, hun/ ( 混 ) 视 0混 乱 •却 38 混 儿 匕 39 鸡 雞 IJfl ( 鸡 ) 135 鸡蛋341 40 均 均 Ijunl (2 ) ±5)152 ^ ±5 )217 41 驻 駐 izhui (3) 驻094 42 汉 漢 /han/ ( 1) ) 巧 03 刀4 28 43 刀 刀 Idaol ( 1刀 附 附 Iful ( 附近 ) 136 附307 45 床 床 Ichuangl( 1床 ) 129 46 染 染 Irani (2 ) 5^^238 感染 329 ^355 1 47 杯 杯 Ibeil (1) 杯209 #225 379 48 伟 [偉 /wei/ (1) 伟大 1058 49 妹 [妹 /mei/(1) 妹妹 21 3091 656 姐妹 50 固[固 fgu! ( 2巩 ) 固 川 固 3定75 51 购 [購 Igdul (2 )m g买2331 ^1^334 ^ 1^358 购物 4065 52 咱 [哈 /ha/ (1 )哈3495 D合4338 53 夺 [奪 /dUO/( 2) ^199 ^ ^388 •取4826 54 7IK Izongl 宗 � 教 1676 宗 旨 4539 抢救 4309 [宗 ) 149 抢救 4309 抢 [搶 Iqiangl ( 2抢 56 m [載 /zai,zai/(3)载2915 ifi1^3614ifi^4332 57 残 [殘 /can/( 3) ^kE^382 ^436 58 贊 [贊 Izanl (2) 赞成 274 称、赞 400 赞同 489 赞赏 495 59 圔[圓 /yuan/(1 )圆284 圆）蒔 490 60 抽 [抽 Ichoui ( ) ^198 抽烟 454 61 届 [ Ijiel ( 2届 ) 073 62 庠 [岸 Ian! ( 2) j$i69 63 摄 [攝 /She/( 3) J Q f eOl H1^275 摄389 24 64 触 [觸 IMtl ( 2接 )触 65 启 [啟 Iqil (2) 启动 338 启发 477 顿 [頓 /dun/(1 )顿220 顿312 整顿 385 顿时 389 67 沿 [沿 ly&nf ( 2) }-p 283 6抱怨 }§349 ^38 435 拥抱 477 }§349 ^38 68 抱 [抱 Ibaol (1) 抱120 8抱怨 435 拥抱 477 69 析 [析 IxJI(2)分析 075 70 圈[圈 fquan,juan/ ( 2圈 ) 191 圈294 17i 71 哎 [哎 /a/ (2)哎09恥哎呀 •：:、?> 哎哟h.h 72 箱 [糧 Ifiangl ( 2粮食 ) 131 粮292 73 舍 [舍 /she,she/(1) 宿舍 261 舍382 1 74 映 [映 lying/ (2) 反映 093 75 序 [序 IXUl(2)秩序 217 程序 222 485 红旗 499 76 旗 [旗 Iq'il( 旗 ) 39 旗巾只 浪费 276 浪299 浪漫 329 浪 [浪 llangl (2) 78 伴 [伴 /ban/(3) 伙伴 310 伴 426 伴随 461 1447 2〇 67 79 距 [距 ljul ( 2距 ) 离 差距 80 劲 [勁 /jm/(2) 劲儿 318 劲336 81 迹 [跡 Iffl (2) 奇迹 327 痕迹 437 82 盛 [盛 /cheng,sheng/ 盛406 享受 1409 享有 ”谠 83 享 [享 Ixiangl (2) 84 融 [融 Irdngl金融 I'd 融456 融合 472 84 3镜3 43 7眼 镜 16 85 鏡 [鏡 Ijingl ( 2镜 ) 头 481 镜子 464 望远镜 86 丽 [麗 //// (2) 美丽 1;;: : 87 牡 [壯 Izhuangl(3 ) 蛋 [蛋 /dan/(1) 蛋235 鸡蛋 341 干净 252 净288 净463 89 淨 [淨 lj)ngl (1) 90 胡 [胡 Ihul (2) 胡同 336 胡子 432 72 3悲 哀 28 1 91 悲 [悲 Ibeil ( 2悲 ) 剧 92 宽 [寬 Ikuanl 宽195 380 A Frequency D i c t i o n a r y o f M a n d a r i n Chinese 93 贝 嘗 94 操 操 95 替 替 96 扩 擴 97 码 碼 98 迫 迫 99 末 末 1 00 偏 偏 1101 筑 築 1 02 墙 脑 1 03 冰 冰 1 04 蔵 藏 1 05 桥 橋 1 06 炸 炸 1 07 季 季 夏季 4766 1 08 俗 俗 1 09 纯 純 1 10 耳 耳 1 11 幕 幕 1 12 1H 睛 1 13 哭 哭 1 14 虎 虎 1 15 輩 輩 1 16 恋 恋 1 17 佛 佛 1 18 穷 窮 1 19 阴 陰 1 20 聚 聚 1121 陈 陳 1 22 隐 隱 1 23 潮 潮 1 24 贴 貼 1 25 灾 火 1 26 灃 遭 1 27 烦 煩 1 28 弃 棄 1 29 忽 忽 1 30 辆 輛 1 31 嗯 嗯 1 32 暈 羞 1 33 摇 搖 1 34 欲 欲 1 35 予 予 1 36 灭 滅 1 37 拜 拜 1 38 汇 匯 1 39 齐 齊 1 40 宜 宜 Ishangl(3) 欣赏 1932 赏4724 赞赏 4950 Icaol (1) 操作 2478 操4452 mi ( 替 ) 169 代替 4302 IkUOl( )扩大118 28 /ma/ ( 号 ) 码秘码头 起码 Ipdl (2) 被迫 3889 压迫 4548 ^ 迫4886 imdi ( 3末 ) 150 周末 345 2421 /pian/ ( 偏 ) 偏似怕偏偏 ％恥 IzhUI( ) 建筑1148 Iqiangl( 墙 ) 11® /bTng/(2) 冰2341 Icang,zang!(2) 藏3263 收藏 40© IqiaOl( 桥 ) 155 大 326 /Zha,Zhd/( 炸 ) 2爆 炸2 89 轰;h乍4363 ijii (2) 季节 3254 冬 季 4253 季4749 ISUl(2)俗4630 /Chun/(3)单2纯 275 ^335 lerl ( 耳 ) 朵© 耳 % Imui ( 幕 ) 344 焚幕 4382 Ijlngl ( 眼 ) 睛0736 Ikul (1) 哭0980 Ihul (2) 虎2076 老虎 2887 Ibeil ( 辈子 ) 181 Ifianl (2)恋爱 2427 恋2520 ifo, fui (2) 仿佛 2615 佛2643 Iqfongl( 穷 ) 15163 贫穷 4476 4446 59 80 穷人 fyin! (1) 阴扣 阴 影 ljul (3) 聚2745 聚会 4067 聚翁 303 /chen/(3) lyml (3) ichaoi ( 3潮3 ) 扣7高 潮3" 5潮 流4 17 /tie/ ( 贴 ) 1752 Izail (2) 灾难 3417 灾4913 Izaol (2) 遭至 [|226 遭2804 遭受 3402 /fan/(1) J^®164 烦4887 tSj490 iq)l (2)放弃 1500 弃4458 抛弃 4506 IhOI(1 )忽、然 1800 ^4^396 ^ ffl§4681 Ifiangl(1 )辆0924 车辆 3798 /en,hg,ng,hg/ (1) 卩恩0820 /hao/(2)毫 无 2230 ^ 5378 8 ^389 Iyaol ( 摇 ) 316 动揺 4445 摇头 4513 lyul ^205 ^ M265 /yu,yu! (3)给予 1753 予以 3351 PI 予4832 /mie/(2) ^'2^291 灭.3237 毀灭 4782 Ibail (2) 拜345 崇拜 364 2497 62 Ihuil (3) 汇报 夕卜 5匚恥 Iqll (1 )齐2442 整齐 4838 /y/ (1) II 1^239 1^421 1 41 卷 卷 /juan,juan/ (2) 卷3648 1 42 侵 侵 fqln! (2) 侵略 2799 侵犯 3648 1 43 键 鍵 _ � f ( 2关键 ) 127 关键 2809 1 44 玉 玉 lyul ( 玉 ) 1678 玉米 3991 餐馆 4815 餐厅 4851 1 45 餐 餐 /can/(2) 1 46 兄 兄 Ixiongl( 兄 ) 弟126 兄4240 1 47 凭 憑 /ping/( )凭1712 文凭 4933 1 48 凡 凡 If an! (2) 凡 208 凡是 353 94 51 7平凡 223939 1 49 闭 閉 Ibll ( 2闭 ) 封 闭 4关 闭 恥 25 1 50 敬 敬 /jing/ ( 敬 ) 敬 ) ( 2尊 1 51 巧 巧 IqiaOl(2) 巧2787 技巧 3367 1 52 窗 窗 Ichuangl( 1)窗口 x ®窗 泊 ⑴ 窗3户 %8 窗外 4824 1 53 庆 慶 /qing/(2)庆3147 庆祝 3481 1 54 诚 誠 /cheng/(2) 真诚 3104 1 55 络 絡 liuol ( 网 ) 路1 9联 络3 21 俩0951 93 1 56 俩 倆 ///a/(1) ) 底 贯彻扣 1 57 彻 徹 Ichel ( 2彻 2689 爆4898 1 58 爆 爆 ibaoi (3) jf 发2180 爆炸 1 59緒 緒 IXUl( )情绪1229 1263 1 60 唯 唯 /wei/唯一 3168 频繁 3895 ^ # 381 1 61 繁 繁 /fan/(2)繁 荣 1 62 措 措 /cud/( )措施1214 1 63 忆 憶 lyll (2) 回'IZ186 记1Z197 1 64 桌 桌 /zhuo/( 桌 ) 2208 桌子2920 1 65 冬 冬 Idongl(1) 冬天 2457 冬3508 冬季 4253 1 66 刺 刺 /C/V (2)刺 激 2318 1讽刺 494 94 1 67 召 召 /zhao/ ( 2召 ) 幵 号召恥 1 68 丈 丈 /zhang/(2) 丈夫 0995 丈4938 1 69 逃 逃 ItaOl (2) 逃2048 1 70 婆 婆 Ip6l (3) 老婆 2149 婆4538 婆婆 4760 1171 唐 唐 /tang/ 1 72 纳 納 Inal 1 73 偷 偷 Itoul (2) 偷2723 偷偷 3929 1 74 寒 寒 Ihanl (1 )寒2734 寒冷 4788 1 75 航 航 /hang/(2) 航空％ oo 1 76 仪 儀 ly(l (2) 仪式 2108 仪器 4997 珍贵 3492 珍惜 3886 1 77 珍 珍 Izhen!(3) 55 签订扣 1 78 订 訂 /ding/(2) I.T270 2872 59 l ( 2忍 ) 忍不住仙 忍受恥 1 79 忍 忍 Iren 11 目艮 泪 243 、 ) 目 286 泪水 414 1 80 泪 淚 /lei/(2) 185 甲。 1181 甲 甲 Ijial (3) 3462 L 貌3744 貌4878 1 82 貌 貌 Imaoi (2)面貌 医疗 2238 1 83 疗 療 Ifiaol (3) 5^^7198 ) fio933 1 84 盾 盾 /dun/( 矛 ) 速1028 1 85 迅 迅 Ixunl ( 迅 ) 伍1171 1 86 伍 伍 Iwul ( 队 公斤 2721 1 87 斤 斤 IJiril(1 )斤216 休闲 闲2 so 1 88 闲 閑 Ixianl (2) 85 Character frequency index 1 符 [ 符 ] I f O I (2)符合1426 钢 [ 鋼 ] f g n g l (1)钢3989 钢铁4185 钢麥590 1 吹[吹] IchuTI ( ) 吹 1333 稿 [ 稿 ] 敏 o f (3)稿2793 1191 幅 [ 幅 ] I f W (2)幅 1658 蓝 [ 籃 ] M n f (1)蓝 1%8 蓝色4087 1 抵 [ 抵 ] / d i / (3)抵3454 抵抗3816 抵达4205 1241 漂 [ 漂 ] 禪 , piao, piaoi piao, ( ) 漂 亮 1227 1 勇 [ 勇 ] l y o n g l ( ) 勇 气 视 勇 敢3 675 勇4 527 铺 [ 舖 ] f p O , pu/ ( ) 铺2 482 1 喊 [ 喊 ] f h m f ( ) 喊 1157 摸 [ 摸 ] I m O l ( ) 摸 1792 1 龄 [ 齢 ] / _ (2)年龄1383 1244 绕 [ 繞 ] ( ) 绕 5 1196 叶 [ 葉 ] / 拷 / (2)叶 2959 124S 伸 [ 伸 ] Ishenl (2)伸 2568 伸手3728 伸出 3820 6碰上 piao, 1 碰 [ 碰 ] l p 色 n g l (1)碰至彳 7碰 。9 45 1 矛 [ 矛 ] / m d o l (2)矛盾0933 围绕3137 延 伸4 546 圣 [ 聖 ] / s h e n g / (3)神圣4163 1 9 缓 [ 緩 ] I h u a n l ⑶ 缓 慢 14 辞 [ 辭 ] l e d ⑶ 辞 职 42 0 骗 [ 騙 ] / p / d n / (2)骗2199 欺骗40” 晨[晨]/crte'n/ (1)早晨2304 凌晨3116 清晨4340 1201 袋 [ 袋 ] f e m (2)脑袋2411 口 袋4225 袋4711 陪[陪]/pe7/ ( ) 陪 1877 1202 波 [ 波 ] 麵 ( ) 租 [ 租 ] fzOf (1)租3031 出租车4248 1203 殊 [ 殊 ] ( ) 特 殊 1251 倍 [ 倍 ] 臓 ( ) 倍 1472 涉 [ 涉 ] I s h e l ( ) 涉 及 1933 干涉3645 申[申] fsh巨nf (3)申请2213 粉[粉]/传 11/ (2)粉3442 粉％350 拔 [ 拔 ] _ (2)拔3480 腿 [ 腿 ] _ (1)腿1237 羊 [ 羊 ] f y d n g f (1)羊现8 1207 贸 [ 貿 ] ( ) 贸 易 3 1255 奔[奔]/阮n, ben! (3)奔2846 狗 [ 狗 ] I g d u l (2)狗 1138 1256 亏 [ 虧 ] 議 ( ) 亏 1209 乘[乘] fch经ngf ( ) 乘 1878 1257 毁 [ 毀 ] ( ) 裁[裁]/cd/7 (3)总裁316。 旦 [ 旦 ] m n l ( ) - 旦 1336 g受2389 毀灭4782 1211 缩 [ 縮 ] I s u o l (2)缩4672 缩小4828 泛 [ 泛 ] / f a n / ( ) 广 泛 1603 2 炮 [ 炮 ] / p & o / (2)炮3634 跃 [ 躍 ] f y u e / (2)跃3622 活跃4012 活跃4731 扎 [ 紮 ] z h a / (2)扎2419 挣扎4405 1261 骂 [ 罵 ] l m ⑴ ( ) 骂 1266 淡 [ 淡 ] / d a n / (2)淡 4903 暖 [ 暖 ] I n i M (1)溫暖2441 暖 3864 徒 [ 徒 ] _ (3) 惜[惜] IxTI (3)可惜2500 珍惜3886 悉[悉] IxTI ( ) 熟 悉 15。9 糊 [ 糊 ] I h u l (2)糊涂4022 模糊4115 猪 [ 豬 ] ！ z _ ( ) 猪 1700 猛[猛] lm爸ngl (3)猛4571 猛4635 滑 [ 滑 ] / h u d / ( ) 滑3 692 6 疾 [ 疾 ] i j d ⑶ 疾 病 63 卡[卡]/始/ (1)卡2289 卡车4466 寄 [ 寄 ] I j l l (1)寄 1467 2 漫 [ 漫 ] I m a n l (3)浪漫3298 漫长3927 江 [ 江 ] l _ g l (1)江35% 江湖4043 1221 泥 [ 泥 ] _ (2)泥2598 水泥3745 昨 [ 咋 ] I Z U I ( ) 咋 天 1302 2 洞 [ 洞 ] I d d n g l (2)洞2251 拒 [ 拒 ] _ (2)拒绝 1309 拒4954 2 废[廢]//&// (3)废4626 废话4864 1271 倾[傾] fqTngf (3)倾向3418 倾4725 2 巴 [ 巴 ] _ (2)嘴巴4136 尾巴4578 撤[撤]/C秘/ (3)撤3349 2 违 [ 違 ] ( ) 违 反 3 违法3587 违背4100 讯 [ 訊 ] I x U n l (2)通讯2997 2 荒 [ 荒 ] I h u a n g l (3) 艰 [ 艱 ] _ (2)艰难2376 艰苦3203 2 横 [ 橫 ] f f ^ n g , heng/ (3)横3825 庄 [ 莊 ] l z h _ g l (2)庄3425 2 隔丨隔] Igel (2)隔2。67 鸟 [ 鳥 ] I n i a o l ( ) 鸟 831 2 冒 [ 冒 ] I m a o l (1)冒2171 7 孤 [ 孤 ] / g / (3)孤独3493 孤4792 箱 [ 箱 ] / x i a n g / ( ) 箱 子 562 2182 1278 兼 [ 兼 ] I j i a n l ⑶ 兼 1231 障 [ 障 ] f z h d n g f ( ) 保 障 1754 障碍2539 湖 [ 湖 ] _ (1)湖2182 江湖4043 胆 [ 膽 ] f d a n f (2)大胆2828 胆4922 潜 [ 潛 ] f q i d n f 潜力 3717 3 磨 [ 磨 ] I m l (2)琢磨3823 磨3916 折磨4401 1281 罚 [ 罰 ] / f d / (3)罚 3118 惩罚4271 处罚4786 估 [ 估 ] IgOl ( ) 估 计 1541 评估3769 番 [ 番 ] ( ) 番 1206 1235滋[滋]izli艾滋病2鄉滋味39恥 1283灰[灰](2)灰 1236厉[属] 11)1 ( ) 厉 害 狐 严 厉 仙 薄 [ 薄 ] I b d o , bo/ ( ) 薄 柳 2 緣 [ 緣 ] f y u M (3)边缘4748 聊 [ 聊 ] / / / d o / (2)聊2492 聊天3143 381 382 A Frequency D i c t i o n a r y o f M a n d a r i n Chinese 1286 鬼 [ 鬼 ] _ (2)鬼2075 1335 恨 [ 恨 ] / 秘 n / ( ) 恨 1917 1287 污[污] /wO/ (2)污染2387 1336 干ij [ 刊 ] I k a n l (3)刊物4233 报刊4479 8 档 [ 檔 ] f d d i n g f (3)档案3157 档4334 3 阿 [ 阿 ] f a f (2)阿 1736 阿姨3668 剩[剩] /sheng/ (1)剩下2040 剩2961 3 盟 [ 盟 ] I m e n g l (3) 狂 [ 狂 ] / k u d n g / (3)疯狂3982 狂4518 扶 [ 扶 ] _ (2)扶3188 1291 励[勵]///V 刑 [ (2) 1291 妙[妙]/m/do/(2)妙4364 1292 励[勵]///V ( ) 鼓 励 1577 奖 励 _ 1342 丢 [ 丟 ] I d i O l ( ) 丟 湖 1 库[庫]/妨/ (3)库3607 仓库4754 1343 荡[蕩]/dang/ 督 [ 督 ] _ (3)监督1563 1344 祝 [ 祝 ] ( ) 庆 祝 1 患 [ 患 ] f h u a n f (3)患者2368 患3008 阻[阻] IzCil (3)阻止3553 誉 [ 譽 ] fyOf 茉誉3401 m [ 幽 ] l y 加 I 幽默2575 1297 坛 [ 壇 ] 论 坛 3 。 乏 [ 乏 ] / f d / ( ) 缺 乏 1689 祝3722 祝贺4254 浓 [ 濃 ] f n n g f (2)浓3564 恢 [ 恢 ] ( ) 恢 复 1081 1299 瓜 [ 瓜 ] f g u a f ( ) 瓜3296 西 瓜 糊 3296 1349 拖 [ 拖 ] / _ (2)拖mm 0 牙 [ 牙 ] / y d / (2)牙2618 牙齿4477 偶 [ 偶 ] I d u l (3)偶然3355 偶尔3931 3748 1301 衡 [ 衡 ] I t ^ n g l ( ) 平 衡3296 衡 量 3296 1622 1351 颗 [ 顆 ] M l ( ) 颗3296 4455 1231 佳 [ 佳 ] 卿 ( ) 最 佳 佳3296 扣 [ 扣 ] / k d u / (2)扣2娜 3 税 [ 税 ] I s h u i l ⑶税37。7 仿 [ 仿 ] / f a n g / (2)仿佛2 巧 贯 [ 貫 ] I g u h n l (2)贯彻3093 1354 辑[輯]/力7 (3)编辑2273 逻辑3305 1355 臣[臣]/chen/ 诸[諸]诸多3988 援 [ 援 ] f y u d r U (2)支援2984 援助3404 碎 [ 碎 ] f s u l f (2)碎3460 粉碎4350 贡 [ 貢 ] I g o n g l ( ) 贡 献 1225 洪 [ 洪 ] / h o n g / ( ) 洪 水 203 沟 [ 溝 ] / 如 w / (3)沟2344 沟通2440 斯[斯] IsTI (3) 洁 [ 潔 ] _ ⑶清洁4840 京 [ 京 ] I j l n g l ( ) 京 剧 633 延 [ 延 ] f y d n f (2)延续4109 延伸4564 延长4985 壁 [ 壁 ] _ (2)壁4135 1311 径 [ 徑 ] I j l n g l (3)途径2974 1361 挖 [ 挖 ] I w a l (2)挖 1713 挖掘4314 欣[欣] /xTn/ ( ) 欣 赏 1932 描 [ 描 ] f m i d o f (2)描写3191 描述3432 描绘4955 3 岛 [ 島 ] M o l (2)岛2119 挣[掙] /zh色ng, zheng/ (3)挣2162 挣钱4uo 314 搬 [ 搬 ] ( ) 搬 1634 挣扎4405 币 [ 幣 ] I b l l (2)人民币2104 侧 [ 側 ] I c e l (3) 冠 [ 冠 ] I g u m l ( ) 冠 军 17% 尖 [ 尖 ] _ (2)尖锐4278 尖4991 瞧 [ 瞧 ] I q i d o ! ( ) 瞧 653 6 搭 [ 搭 ] / d a / ( ) 搭1 946 赢 [ 贏 ] l y _ (1)赢 1524 赢得3520 1367 拼 [ 拼 ] _ 1319 雅[雅]ly况雅2501 豆 [ 豆 ] I d d u l (2)豆4757 (2)拼3视拼命4606 暂 [ 暫 ] I z m l ( ) 暂 时 617 短 暂 391 撞 [ 撞 ] I z h u m g l ( ) 撞1 928 1321 焦 [ 焦 ] I j i a o l ⑶ 焦 点 99 凉 [ 涼 ] / l i d n g / (1) 2 媒 [ 媒 ] 媒 体 媒 体奶奶 呆 [ 呆 ] I d a i l (2)呆啦。 3 恰 [ 恰 ] / q i t i / (3)恰恰3784 腰 [ 腰 ] f y d o f (2)腰2085 陷[陷]/X/如/ (3)陷入2391 惨[慘]/C如/ (3)惨3589 堆[堆] IduTI ( ) 堆 1852 宾[賓] IbTnl (2)宾馆2791 1326 忧[憂]lybul 递 [ 遞 ] _ (2)传递4107 递4258 勤 [ 勤 ] lq … I (3) 践 [ 踐 ] ( ) 实 践 1387 赖 [ 賴 ] H a i l 依赖3621 赖4566 7 怒 [ 怒 ] i n u i (2)愤怒3772 怒4019 鞋 [ 鞋 ] I x i e l (1)鞋2103 迟 [ 遲 ] I c h f l (1)迟3736 3 腐 [ 腐 ] IfW (2)腐败2283 1331 饮 [ 飲 ] y m / ⑶饮食3602 宿 [ 宿 ] I s u , xiul (1)宿舍2617 饮4353 饮料4855 丧 [ 喪 ] / s a n g / (3)丧失3514 3 锅 [ 鍋 ] I g u o ! ( ) 锅2 181 1381 挤 [ 擠 ] I j i l ( ) 挤1 959 3 扫 [ 掃 ] f s d o f (2)扫3236 慰 [ 慰 ] I w e i l (2)安慰4990 1334 尾 [ 尾 ] I w & l (2)尾3186 尾巴4578 1383 ？T [ 礦 ] l k _ g l (2)矿4128 Character frequency index 384 陶 [ 陶 ] M o l 3 豪 [ 豪 ] I h d o l (3)自豪3734 豪华4628 1385 雷[雷]//e7/ ( ) 雷 3872 1434 鼻 [ 鼻 ] _ (2)鼻子2679 锁[鎖]/swd/ (3)锁3382 猜 [ 猜 ] I c i l (2)猜2172 猜测4897 允 [ 允 ] l y Q n l (2)允许1489 君 [ 君 ] _ / 君 2889 君子4813 8 酸 [ 酸 ] / s u a n / (1)酸4624 柔 [ 柔 ] f r u f (3)溫柔3830 逼[逼] IbTI (2)逼1928 叔[叔] IshOI (2)叔叔3278 稍 [ 稍 ] I s h a o l (2)稍 2484 稍微4738 1439 戒 [ 戒 ] I j i e l 1391 炼 [ 煉 ] l l i a n l (1)锻炼2326 1440 冊 [ 冊 ] _ ( ) 注 册 舰 册 815 粗[粗] IcOl (2)粗3691 1441 肩 [ 肩 ] I 卿 I (2)肩4424 肩膀4701 裂[裂]///》/ (3)分裂3917 1442 罢 [ 罷 ] _ (3)罢4061 罢 了4689 1394 宁 [ 寧 ] n f n g / (3)宁4697 1443 g [ 駕 ] I j i a l (1)驾驶4400 植 15 植 [ 植 ] _ ( ) 植 物 5种 4 肃 [ 肅 ] I s i i l (2)严肃彻 脏 [ 髒 ] / z n g , zang/ (1)脏3271 心脏3704 1445 址 [ 址 ] / z h / (2)遗址2906 地址3441 抜 [ 撥 ] _ ⑶ 拨 32 4 纵 [ 縱 ] I z d n g l (3) 辛[辛] IxTnl (1)辛苦3389 1447 虫 [ 蟲 ] I c h n g l (2)虫4184 1399 萁 [ 莫 ] 莫 1448 孙[孫] IsOnl (3)孙子3541 1400棋[棋]_⑶棋3048 1449犹[猶]_1⑶犹豫4075犹如4512 1401 返 [ 返 ] / f a n / (3)返回2988 返4101 奏 [ 奏 ] I z d u l 节奏3876 轰 [ 轟 ] I h o n g l 轰炮363 1451 碗 [ 碗 ] / w a n / (1)碗2627 5宛 3535 烂[爛]//如/ (2)灿烂3102 烂3631 1452 尝 [ 嘗 ] f c h d n g f (2)尝3679 尝试3686 4 摩 [ 摩 ] I m l (3)摩托车4086 牵 [ 牽 ] / q i n / (2)牵3724 戴 [ 戴 ] I d a i l (1)戴 3631 1454 账 [ 賬 ] I z h a n g l 账 2792 截[截]/y7e7 (3) 1455 扭 [ 扭 ] 剛 ( ) 扭 4 4 综 [ 綜 ] I z o n g l ( ) 综 合 1902 旋[旋]/xwdn/ ⑶旋转4893 邀 [ 邀 ] l y a o l (2)邀请彻0邀沾” 捕 [ 捕 ] _ (2) 氛 [ 氛 ] 晚 n ! (3)气氛1625 氛围 3804 1458 坦[坦](3)坦克3943 骑 [ 騎 ] _ (1)骑2109 1459 署[署](3)部署3453 1411 奉[奉] I俛ngl 奉献4105 邮 [ 郵 ] I y u l (1)邮票4031 浮 [ 浮 ] _ (2)浮3954 1461 牲[牲] /sh巨ng/ ( ) 牺 牲 1857 肥 [ 肥 ] I f e i l (2) 纠 [ 糾 ] I j i O l (2)纠纷％03 纠正3726 4 抬 [ 抬 ] _ (1)抬2122 抬头3862 叹 [ 歎 ] _ (3)叹3619 插 [ 插 ] I c h W (2)插2559 1464 跨 [ 跨 ] I k u ⑴ ( ) 跨 2531 井 [ 井 ] I j l n g l (2)井2206 舒 [ 舒 ] I s h u l ( ) 舒 服 623 舒适4904 岗 [ 崗 ] I g d n g l ( ) 岗 位 927 岗 333 下 岗 555 1466 亿[億]ly、il (1)亿 31。7 宇 [ 宇 ] _ (3)宇宙2640 润 [ 潤 ] ( ) 利 润 25 1419 滚 [ 滾 ] / g u n / (2)滚4344 1468 塞 [ 塞 ] / s 恥 sai, se/ ( ) 塞 2200 1420 腾 [ 騰 ] I t e n g l (3) 1469 嫁 [ 嫁 ] I j i a l (3)嫁彻o 1421 饱 [ 飽 ] M o l (1)饱3243 趋[趨] IqOI 趋势2288 2 竹 [ 竹 ] I z h O I ( ) 竹 982 1471 碍 [ 礙 ] _ ( ) 障 碍 593 峰 [ 峰 ] 晚 n g l (3)峰3445 高峰4586 1472 尔[爾] I会rl (3)偶尔3931 4 胸 [ 胸 ] I x i O n g l (2)胸 3598 邻 [ 鄰 ] l l f n l (2)邻居3333 瓶 [ 瓶 ] I p i n g l (1)瓶3083 瓶4393 1474 愈 [ 愈 ] l y u l ⑶ 愈 川 仰 [ 仰 ] l y d n g l (2)信仰3%6 仰4988 忠 [ 忠 ] I z h O n g l (3) 幼 [ 幼 ] i y o u i ( ) 幼 儿 园 518 裘 [ 襲 ] l x ( l ⑶ 袭 击 43 1428 吓[嚇]/x/久 he/ ( ) 吓 1887 1477 揭 [ 揭 ] Iji巨I (3) 1429 耐[耐]/nd/7 (2)耐心3526 耐4501 1478 宋[宋]！sdng! (3) 闪 [ 閃 ] / s h d n / (2)闪3428 阔 [ 闊 ] / k u d / (2)广阔4416 1431 哲[哲]/zhe7 ( ) 哲 学 1992 1480 啥 [ 啥 ] I s h a l 哈 1393 赔[賠]/pe7/ (2)赔3577 赔偿4202 1481 哼 [ 哼 ] f h e n g , hng! (2)哼2635 哼3513 383 384 A Frequency D i c t i o n a r y o f M a n d a r i n Chinese 埋 [ 埋 ] / m d i / (2)埋2644 晓 [ 曉 ] / x i d o ! (2)晓得4194 梁 [ 梁 ] l l i d n g l (2) 1532 劝 [ 勸 ] I q u m l (2)劝2187 3 嫌 [ 嫌 ] I x i d n l (3)嫌3486 1485 债[債]/z始/•/ (3)债4752 1534 拳 [ 拳 ] / q u d n / (3)拳4712 糖 [ 糖 ] / t a n g / (1)糖2638 5 悠 [ 悠 ] / y o u / (2)悠久4568 贪 [ 貪 ] 贪 9 聪 [ 聰 ] I c O n g / ( ) 聪 明 1794 棉 [ 棉 ] f m _ (2)棉花4745 棉4868 1488 扰 [ 擾 ] / r d o / (2)干扰4103 困扰4777 1537 爬 [ 爬 ] / p d / ( )棉4868 爬 1489 轨 [ 軌 ] I g u l ! ⑶ 轨 道 稀 [ 稀 ] I x T I (3) 籍 [ 籍 ] I j f l ( ) 书 籍3193 ||4823 迁 [ 遷 ] I q i a n l 棉4868 迁娜0 4179 57 渡 [ 渡 ] _ (2)过渡 。 渡糊 1540俱[俱]ljul ( ) 俱 乐 部 俱 帐2036 3 1492 颜 [ 顏 ] ( ) 颜 色 2 悄 [ 悄 ] I q i a o l (2)悄悄4794 盟 [ 籃 ] M n f (1)篮球3359 帐 [ 帳 ] f z h a n g f (3)帐2036 帐篷4822 棉4868 饰 [ 飾 ] I s h l l (3) 寺[寺]/s/V 寺2472 3649 崇 [ 崇 ] I c h o n g l ( ) 崇 拜3193 崇高舰2 4 杆 [ 杆 ] I g a n l (2) 1496 症 [ 症 ] / z r t e n g / (3) 1545 仔 [ 仔 ] I z l zai! ( ) 仔 细 1912 蒙 [ 蒙 ] I m e n g , mengf (3)蒙3193 胞 [ 胞 ] m o / (3)同胞3213 细胞3843 脆 [ 脆 ] / C U l / (2)干脆2784 脆弱3780 1547 溟 [ 漠 ] _ 9 凝 [ 凝 ] l n _ (3) 幻 [ 幻 ] I h u a n l (3)幻想3672 (2)沙漠3334 0 尘[麈]/crte'n/ (3) 1549 1501 栏 [ 欄 ] / I a n / 5 朵 [ 朵 ] / d u o / (2)耳朵2698 朵4297 疼[疼](1)疼2742 仗 [ 仗 ] f z h d i n g f (3)仗3545 打仗4552 551 仙 [ 仙 ] f x _ 仙3544 1503 猫 [ 貓 ] _ o f 5 诺 [ 諾 ] I n u d l 承诺3122 (2)猫2000 涂 [ 塗 ] _ (2)糊涂4022 涂4398 5 涌 [ 湧 ] l y o n g l ( ) 涌 2986 5 泡 [ 泡 ] I p a o l (3)泡3484 5 刷 [ 刷 ] I s h u a l (2) 涨 [ 漲 ] I z h d n g , zhang/ (2)涨3拟 5 箭 [ 箭 ] I j i a n l (2)箭3635 览[覽]//如/ (1)展览3611 5 摊 [ 攤 ] / t a n / (3)摊4583 谷 [ 縠 ] / 舶 / (3)谷4047 5 欠 [ 欠 ] A ? / 如 / (2)欠2841 踏[踏]/份/ ( ) 踏 % 1558 隆 [ 隆 ] " n g l 1510 怨 [ 怨 ] f y u & n f (3)怨4263 抱怨4357 1559 fli [ 肚 ] I d U , dul (2)肚子2754 肚4481 1 屈 [ 屈 ] I q O I (3) 胁 [ 脅 ] I x i e l ⑶ 威 胁 1629 15*12 塑 [ 塑 ] fsOf (2)塑造3730 塑料4471 勃 [ 勃 ] _ (3) 赚 [ 賺 ] I z h u h n l ⑶ 赚 1889 赚钱4683 孔 [ 孔 ] i k o n g i (2)面子“131 译 [ 譯 ] l y V (1)翻译3476 译4016 盆 [ 盆 ] / p e ' n / (2)盆4576 1515 汗 [ 汗 ] ( ) 汗 36 慈 [ 惑 ] I h u d l 诱惑4454 困惑4736 1516 m [ 頻 ] _ 频繁3895 1565 颇[頗]/p