BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY V7, Curtis 1824

/, ^ ^1 BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY; BEING j , ILLUSTRATIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS THE GENERA OF INSECTS FOUND IN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND: CONTAINING COLOURED FIGURES FROM NATURE OF THE MOST RARE AND BEAUTIFUL SPECIES, AND IN MANY INSTANCES OF THE PLANTS UPON WHICH THEY ARE FOUND BY JOHN CURTIS, F.L.S HONORARy MEMBER OF THE ASHMOLEAN SOCIETY OF OXFORD, OF THE IMPERIAL AND ROYAL ACADEMY OF FLORENCE, OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, ETC VOL VII HOMOPTERA HEMIPTERA APHANIPTERA LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, AND SOLD BY E ELLIS AND CO., 92 GREAT RUSSELL STREET, BLOOMSBURY; SIMPKIN AND MARSHALL, STATIONERS' COURT J B BAILLIERE, 219 REGENT STREET 823 — 1840 ; AND PRINTED BY RICHARD AND JOHN K TAYIOR, RKU LION COURT, FLKET STRKKT 0^ TO HENRY WALKER, Esq., OF LANARK, AND FRANCIS WALKER, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.S., &c., OF SOUTHGATE, TO WHOM THIS DURING ITS WORK HAS BEEN GREATLY INDEBTED PROGRESS FOR THEIR NUMEROUS AND VALUABLE CONTRIBUTIONS, THE PRESENT VOLUME IS IN DEDIGATEr, TESTIMONY OF THE ESTEEM AND FRIENDSHIP OF THE AUTHOR London, December 1, 1836 TO ALEXANDER HENRY HALIDAY, Esq., M.A., &c., OF BELFAST, WHOSE EXTENSIVE KNOWLEDGE AND MUNIFICENT CONTRIBUTIONS HAVE SO GREATLY ENRICHED THIS WORK, AND WHOSE KINDNESS AND FRIENDSHIP IN ITS PROGRESS HAVE BEEN AN UNINTERRUPTED SOURCE OF GRATIFICATION TO THE AUTHOR, THIS IS VOLUME DEDICATED AS A TOKEN OF SINCERE REGARD London, December 1, 1837 VI \ :ôy >i/ /^ i f^^'^ /'— /'/saar ; COCCUS ACERIS The Sycamore Scale-insect Fam OiiDER Homoptera Coccidae Type of the Genus, Coccus Cacti Linn Coccus Linn., Fab., Lat., Curt — Calymmata, Diaspis, Diaprosteci Costa Antennee of the male inserted in front of the face, before the eyes, approximating, not so long as the body, stout, and linear, composed of 10 joints, basal joints short, 3rd longer obovate, the following scarcely decreasing in length, the apical joint obpyriform and slightly pilose (4) very minute and remote in the female ( $ a), tapering, composed of short joints, the apical one ovate, the apex furnished with a bristle Proboscis long and slender in the female, composed of setsp, attached to an oval fleshy base placed between the anterior wanting in the male legs (2) Male Head trigonate (1) eyes small, lateral and reticulated : ocelli ? smaller and placed below the eyes (Ic) Thorax large suborbicular : scutel semiovate Abdomen short, with a short horny process at the apex, and two setce twice the length of the insect arising from the posterior angles Elytra twice as long as the body, mealy, having only nervures : wings none Legs short and stout (6) thighs and tibiae simple : tarsi consisting of an elongated joint, with a short claw and or bristles at the apex Female oval, fleshy and apterous : eyes ? remote, minute Thorax composed of or fleshy rings closely uniting with the head and body, and forming more than Abdomen short, composed of or segments, half the animal producing cottony scales at the apex Legs very short and remote ($/), 4-jointed, tapering, terminated by a single claw or bristle Larvae and females often living in a cottony substance on the leaves and branches of trees Pupse of the males inclosed in a cocoon L the larva of C Cacti, the smaller flgure showing the natural size: the antennae were -jointed: eyes black, minute and placed behind the antenna : : : : AcERis Fab — Curt Guide, Gen 1042 Castaneous antennae pilose, 9-jointed, basal joints short, 3rd twice, 4th thrice as long, 5th shorter than the 2nd remainder ovate, decreasing in length (4*) eyes or ocelli ten, Thorax with a large membranous space on each side (1*) before and another behind the scutel, which is transverse-ovate Abdomen short and truncated, with a long stout spine at the apex and a fine white seta on each side, thrice as long as the animal elytra long and broad, iridescent, yellowish with the subcostal nervure broad and ochreous, castaneous at the apex where the colour sjoreads to the costa legs and telum ochreous, the former more or less brown Female as large as that of C Cacti, but of a duller red colour Male : : : : In the Author s and other Cabinets The sexes of Coccus are so dissimilar, that nothing but rearing them from the parent would convince any one of their The male is small but winged, sometimes liaving identity it is deprived of a proboscis, but is capable of locoten eyes motion: the female is often ten times as large, immovable, formed like a scale or fleshy, and clothed with cotton, having a longish proboscis and so great a variety is there in the structure of the species, that Sig Costa has proposed genera, and doubt not many more will be necessary when the group is The oeconomy of the valuable Cochineal insect investigated being well known, I shall prefer giving the history of C Ace7is, with which ]VIr \\'estwood has favoured me, together with males of the insect " specimens of this species," he says, "have been obtained from a young plant of Acer Pseudo-plat anus., growing in a very confined situation at Kensington The males make their appearance in the winged state in the month ol' May, when the impregnation of the female takes place in the singular manner The males on emerging from described by Reaumur (v 4) their singular cocoons escape backwards, iJie wings being exBy the end of June the females tended flatly over the head have attained their full gravid size, and on lifting up their bodies, their whole interior is occupied by white flowery-like matter, in which the minute young are to be observed, of the size In this state they are hexapod and antennifeof a small dot Bv rous, active, and furnisheti with '2 elongated anal seta" the end of July the young cjuit the body of their parent, and ascend to the extremity ot the young branches there they affix themselves, gradually increasing in size, and losing tlie anal setaj as well as their former activity In this state they remain through the winter, without any diversity of apjiearance indicative of the sexes, and it is not until the following April that this is first perceived by the further increased growth of The the females, and by the males assuming the pupa state female when full grown has the appearance of a large shining warty excrescence, without any trace of segments They are much infested by Chalcidideous parasites, several species of which belong to a tlistinct genus, intermediate between Ena/rtus and Euluphus, which I have describeil uniler the name : ; My ; of Coccop/iafDEX OF PLANTS 24 Plate Vol Sium latifolium Trollius europaeus I Tuber cibarium Tulipa sylvestris 8: Turritis glabra Tussilago Farfara 8; 403 45 593 539 43G 638 1011 092 Sonchus arvensis oleraceus Sparganiuni simplex Spartiua glaltra Spartiuin Scoparium Spergula arvensis nodosa I Splachnum ampullaceum Stachys i)alustris , sylvatica , Statice Arineria Limonium Stellaria graminea holostea media neniorum ' uliginosa Stratiotes aloides Symphitiim officinale Tamarix gallica Tamus communis var Tanacetum viilgare Tax us baccata Teucrium Scorodonia Thalictrura flavum minus Tlicsium linophyllum Tlilaspi aiijcstre arvense Bursa-pastoris perfoliatum Thymus Calaniiiitlia Serpylluni europaa Tillaca muscosa Tilia Tomientilla crecta Tragopogon porrifolius pratensis Trichoncma Columnar Tricntalis europ:ea Trifolium anense glomcratum ochroleucum officinale pratense subterraneuin Triglochin maritimum Triiiia glabcrrima Triticum repens var 13 12 10 i I Spiraea Filipendul.T Plate 16 12 nodiflorum SmjTniuin Olusatniiu Solanuni Diilc.iniara nigrum Solidago virsaurea Vol 750 531 415 102 399 598 315 247 Typha angustifolia latifolia Ulex europaeus 14 I Ulmus campestris 13 15 13 campestris Urtica dioica 3-1 2 a 47 295 I 130 22 621 13 587 13 488 ,11 155 !685 15 '443 10 421 18 ? ! Petasites 65 298 ; ' ' pilulifera Utricularia minor vulgaris Vaccinium Myrtillus Oxycoccus uliginosum Vitis ida^a 8^« Valeriana Calcitrapa dcntata 3.61 auricula 8^.-' y^ 4^2 7': 1: officinalis Verbascum nigrum Thapsus Verbena officinalis Veronica agrestis Ik'ccabunga Chamaedrys 8- hederlfolia 560 376 i'i 604 228 065 4.S hybrida niontana 614 663 590 581 007 504 33 433 275 612 120 570 528 245 201 181 659 58 8 vcrna Viburnum Lantana Opulus Vicia Cracca lathyroides i r 3" 4' tri])hyllos - ' 5 scutdlata serpyllifolia officinalis — • sativa , var angustifolia sejjium sylvatica nymphoidcs Viuca major minor Villarsia Viola canina odorata palustris tricolor Iiirta lutea var ' ' 724 Viscum album mas 309 Zannicbellia palustris SYSTEM AIIC Plate, Vol Veronica hybrida officinalis serpyllifolia • Beccabunga scutellata montana Chamsedry agrestis bederifolia triphyllos verna Pinguicula lusitanica vulgaris grandiflora Utricularia vulgaris minor Verbena officinalis Lycopus europaius Salvia verbenaca Anthoxanthum odoratum Class officinalis Fedia dentata Crocus aureus Trichonema Columnse Pseudacorus foetidissima in fruit 131 Scbffinus nigricans Blysnius compressus Kbynchospora alba Cyi)erus fuscus Eleocharis palustris fluitans Scirpus setaceus maritimus Eriophorum angustifol Nardus Stricta Phalaris canariensis arundinacea Setaria viridis Cynodon dactylon Phleuiu pratense Alopecurus pratensis agrestis bulbosus Gastridium lendigerum Milium etfusum Polypogon Monspeliense Agrostis vidgaris Knappia agrostidea Aira cristata casspitosa priecox Melica caerulea iniiflora Sesleria caerulea Poa aquatica Iluitaiis — bul])o^a trivialis annua 246 547 106 609 612 559 292 524 544 Cladium Mariscus rigida 67 461 222 514 TRIANDRIA Valeriana Caleitrapa Iris 646 660 371 236 553 678 37 133 615 567 568 341 90 603 207 343 725 608 395 599 592 463 472 428 390 460 721 733 728 749 709 56 534 650 710 767 737 748 357 689 620 205* 173 661 566 159 134 467 551 Tridia decunibciis Briza minor 239 353 INDliX OF PLANTS SYSTEMATIC IXDKX OF PLANTS 26 Plate Vol Vol I'rinuila farinosa 215 294 15 681 151 250 Menyantlies trifuliata Villarsia nympha'oides Hottonia palu^tris I.ysiniachia vulgaris neniorum 164 numimilaria 476 teiiella Convolvulus ars'ensis Soldauella Polemonium cjcruleum Campanula rotundilolia latifolia 351 1699 Traclielium glonierata hybrida i627 85 504 hederacea i257 738 116 ])atula I Phvteuma orbiculare Jasioiie montana 15 14 11 ! 369 !203 550 747 386 42 1411 168 1605 166 i I Lobelia Dortnianna urens Impatiens fulva Viola liirta odorata palustris canina tricolor lutea I I Vcrbascuiu Tbapsus nigrum i344 602 1673 Datura Stramonium Hyoscyainus niger Atropa Belladonna Solanum Dulcamara i486 {446 102 403 Erytbnea C'cntaurium Samolus \'alcrandi ,238 154 124 Lonicera C'a|irifuliiiui Rhamnus Trangula Euonymus euroj)a'us 286 Ribes nigrum (irossularia Iledera Helix il94 571 419 557 Jllcc-ebnini vertirillatum (ilaux iiiaritima Tbesium linopbyllum ^'inca minor niajor Hcrniaria ciliata 112 ,626 745 398 414 402 310 442 515 acutifol Salsola Kali I'lmus ramj)ostris Tientiana I'neumonantbc vcrna Amarella campestris 281 444 220 105 Eryiipium maiitiniiim 53 llydrocotyle vuliraris Ilelosciadiuni in iini latum ruxlitlonun Sanicula ruropa-a Biipleunim rotiindifoliuin 548 228 I Cbeno|iodium morale olidum Beta maritima 7.32 , tcnui^simunl 142 541 •531 189 475 2I 440 10 205 521 11 636 14 324 i 41 6| 4] 10, 75 Anagallis arveiisis 12 I I SYSTEMATIC INDEX OE PLANTS J uncus iriate.iVol })nl1)osiis Liizula campestris , liniger Berberis vulgaris Fraiikenia Isevis Peplis Portula 191 Ruraex pratensis Acetosa Acetosella Oxyria reniformis Triglochin maritimum Colchicum autumiiale Alisma Plantago I 57 113 153 73 631 662 tetragoiuuu Chlora perfoliata Vacciuium Myrtillus uliginosum Vitis ItUea Menziesia polifolia Erica Tetralix emerea 13 35 145 507 Calluna vulgaris Daphne Mezereuni Laureola • Polygonum 368 284 431 622 652 Persicaria Hydi'opiper Bistorta ' viviparum aviculare 5i 406 Fagopyriuu Paris quadrifolia Moscliatellina Adoxa ENNEANDRIA Butomus umbellatus 10 Monotropa Hypopithys Pyrola minor media Chrysosplenium Saxifraga oppositifol stellaris umbrosa oppositifolia aizoides granidata cernua tridactylites hypnoides Scleranthus annuus Saponaria officinalis Dianthus Armeria ca^sius Cucubalus baccifer Silene anglica • DECANDRIA, Andromeda polifolia Arbutus Unedo Uva ursi nutans inflata maritima 14 523 574 Oxycoccus Class 120 OCTANDRIA Epilobium hirsutum Class 58 657 14 361 727 16 HEPTANDRIA 7- Trientalis europaea Class 396 594 714 Actinocarpus Damasoiiium Class 52a 616 234 378 540 459 : SYSTEMATIC INDEX OF IM.ANTS 28 Plate- Vol Vni Actaca spicata Chelidonium majus Glaucium hitcuin • 6.')4 iy9 6 06 479 503 458 276 743 495 485 067 279 76 • violaceuni Papaver liyliridum Argenioiic Uha-as • Caiiil>ricuiii Mccoiiopsis Nuphar lutea Nyiiipluea alba Tilia europa'a • • • • Ueliaiitheimim vultrarc I)ell)hiniuin Coiisolida Aconituui Napellus Aquilegia vulcraris Stratiotes aloidi-s Pulsatilla Anemone 6 Antirrbinuni Orontium Scropbularia aqtiatica Digitalis ])urpurea 11 carulea Class 167 25 HutcluTisia jiitrxa 394 420 95 301 408 196 190 148 '363 9 Thlaspi arvense perfoliatum aquatilis anensis bulbosus parvulus TroUius curopfpus fuctidus C'liama^pitys 139 537 500 500 ,209 hirsuta l)uri)urpum Ladanum versicolor Galcobdolon lutoum Betonica ofticinalis Stacbys sylvatica i , I Origanum vulgarr , Acinos vulgaris Calaniintba oftirinali^ Melittis Melissopbyllum Scuti'llariu galericulata pratcnsis otlicinale Sisymbrium Sopbia oflicinale Barbarea vulgaris Erysimum Alliaria Chcirantbus fruticulosus Mattbiola sinuata Ht:s])eris inodora Arabis thaliana Bra-ssica campestris 723 Rapa 590 oleracca 710 monensis .13.54 ' I ' 270 449 263 Sinapis alba nigra Rapbanus maritimus Class 16 J 569 12 20 1| 325 :347! « j : I 4.35: 10 1461 3, 701 15] 74 635 14 717 15 211 I Turritis glabra ' 581 14 418 179; 201 474 110 ;293j 71 542; 12 705 15 86| O.'iO I cheiranthoides birsuta 389 362 202 10 i Turrit a 83 144! I Diplotaxis tenuifolia 4i 11 1 sylvotre I birsuta Nasturtium 734 [ Cakile maritima 12 127 512 Isatis tinctoria ; Tee>dalia nudicaulis 14 487 753 304 283 amara 14 , 240' 200 Prunella vulgaris Bartsia viscosa Odontites Khinaiitbus Cristagalli Eupbr.isla otliciuali^ Scrjiyllum 663 665 danica Coronoinis Uuellii Ilieris 13 614 ' 122 518 11 684 15 677 15 713 15 I i stricfa 247 Cocbleiiria anglica I Ballota nigra Marrnliium vulgare riii»o])o(lium vulgare minor il25 132 70 175 110 ,! 178 235 ,' 65 382 alpestre Capsella Hursa-pastoris 320 (decboma bedcracea Laniium album ])alustris 10 16 16 3021 Dentaria buUiifera Carilamine impatiens Teucrium Scorodonia Nei)cta catiiria Mentlia rotundifolia 765 DIDYNAMIA Ajntra roptans campestre ,224 C'altha palustris latifolium I llelh'borus viridis 468 762 NAMIA Draba venia Lepidium rndcrale 1! 8! TETRADY 15 383 342 14 664 376 I 337 321 Orobanche minor I , LinnH>a borealis Limosella aquatica i 340 vernalis Tbymus I Cialc(>]>sis vulgaris 9: 4H8 731 ;;92 si)unum • I6O: 451 10 38 543 12 158 64 • ajjcnnina 14 Adonis autuninali> Uanunculus Firaria Lincna aurifomus Class Liuaria Cymbalaria Elatine 6,2 262 273; :225 i , ' Pedicularis sylvatica neniorosa Lathraa Squamaria 2! 16 Clematis Vitalba Thalictrum minus flavnm arvense pratcnse Vol Vol Plate MelampyTuni cristatum Class 13 POLYAXDRIA t 336 617 13 81 352 529 111 5461 12 1 764 588 I 16 13 MOXADI PHI A Erodium cicutariiun 231 SYSTEMATIC INDFA OF PLANTS Plate Geranium pha^um pratense — robertianum — lucidum pyrenaicum sanguineum Althaea officinalis Malva sylvestris rotunrlifolia moscliata Class DIADELPHIA 17 Futuaria officinalis capreolata Corydalis claviculata Polygala vulgaris — Spartium scoparium Cji;isus Genista tinctoria anglica Ulex europseus Ononis arvensis Anthyllis vulneraria Orobus tuberosus Lathyrus Aphaca Nissolia pratensis sylvestris palustris Vicia sylvatica Cracca sativa augustifolia lathvroides sepuiru Erviim hirsutuni Ornithopus perpusillus Hippocrepis coniosa Hedysarura Onobrychis Astragalus hjiioglottis glycypbyUos Melilotus officinalis Trifolium subterraneuni glomeratum pratense ochroleucum Lotus corniculatus Medicago sativa lupuUna maculata Class 18 POLYADEL- PHIA Hypericum Androsaemum Class 19 perforatum pulchrum SYNGENESIA Tragopogon pratensis porrifolius Helminthia echioides Picris hieracioides Sonchus arvensis oleraceus Prenanthes muralis Leontodon Taraxacum Apargia hispida 29 INDEX OK ENGLISH NAMES OF PLANTS 30 Plate Vol (Orchis Morio l)\Tainidalih ^70 260 280 237 516 311 244 176 527 305 498 441 Aceras anthropopliora Herminiiim monurchis Ophns muscifera apifcra aranifcra Xeottia si)iralis Epipactis palu!>trib grandiflura Listera Nidus-avis ovata rordata 634 (Jypripedimn L'alceolus 582 736 416 Aristolochia Clfuiatitis 501 Liparis LocM-lii Corallorliiza iiiiiata Class 21 MONOECIA Arum marulatum Zaiiiiiclii-llia |iulu.itris Cliara vulgaris Nitclla hyaliiia Tv'plia latifolia august ifolia Sparganiuni sim])lex Carex dioica remota digitata I'seudo-cyperus liiuosa praccox Eriocaulon septaiigulare Jjittorella lacustris Minis glutiiiosa Urtica pilulifera dioica Hiixus seinperv irens CeratophyUuin demersum Myriopliylluiii vcrticillatum Sagittaria sagittifolia Fctti-rium saiiguisor))a Iktula alba Carpiiius Detulus Corylus dioica