Memoirs MCZ 0501

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OP THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY LOUIS AGASSIZ, THIRD MONOGRAPH [by ALEXANDER AGASSIZ.] IN TWO PARTS — I EMBRYOLOGY OF THE STARFISH — II HARD PARTS OF SOME NORTH AMERICAN STARFISHES VOL LITTLE, V BOSTON: BROWN AND COMPANY 1877 tmmxs d p;uscum of Cnmparatik at harvard college tl^t Vol v No ^oola^j) NORTH AMERICAN STARFISHES ALEXANDER AGASSIZ ""WITH TWENTY PLATES CAMBRIDGE: WELCH, BIGELOW, AND COMPANY, !Enibccsits lluss 1877 PREFACE The Plates which stone for more than twelve years fessor Agassiz to mon species, add volume* have now been drawn on this accompany was the intention of the It them the anatomy of to vented him from accomj^lishing Museum Although during the this task Pra more com- several of our but the duties connected with the care of the late last pre- twelve of years several important papers have been published on the anatomy Echinoderms which would necessitate a complete re-examination of the anatomy of bility Starfishes, has been thought best, since there was no proba- it of being able to finish Avithin a reasonable time the necessary ana- tomical investigations to publish the Plates as they were been added to them is complete left volume as originally planned, to by Professor Agassiz; all that has the lettering necessary for their proper explana- tion However incompletely these Plates cannot this fail number of our American to the subject of Starfishes of value be Starfishes, not only as is thus presented, illustrations of a and as showing the systematic value of characters thus far almost completely neglected, but also as determining homology of several genera not previously figured, the solid parts As several European naturalists are at the of which are given in detail the present moment engaged upon the study of the Starfishes, it appeared judicious to issue these Plates before they became antiquated * They were intended to accompany the text History of the United States," by L Agassiz of the fifth volume of the " Contributions to the Natural PEEFACE iv The Memoir on the lished substantially as Embryology of the it Starfish, Part originally appeared in remainder of the volume I I., has been repub- 1864, in advance of the have added notes in brackets on the points where additions have been made by subsequent investigations of calling attention to the present condition reader to remember that it of| for the sake the subject, and I beg the was written thirteen years ago ALEXANDER Museum of Comparative Zoology, > Cambridge, April, 1877 | AGASSIZ CONTENTS PEEFACE PAET Embryology of the Staefish I CHAPTER Larva, Artificial Fecundation, and History of the Development of the FIRST p CHAPTER SECOND Recapitulation, History of the Development op the Starfish proper, CHAPTER THIRD CHAPTER FOURTH Embryological Classification of Starfishes, On the II 30 ; p 59 Examination of the Investigations of former Observers, CHAPTER FIFTH On PAET p p 36 the Plan of Development of Echinoderms, Solid Parts of some North American p 66 p 75 Starfishes Homologies of Echinoderms, p 87 Description op the Hard Parts op some North American Starfishes, p 94 Asterias, p 94 Echinaster sentus, p 97 Crossaster, ; ; ; ; Pycnopodia helianthoides, p 100 Brisinqa, p 102 ; Luidia Gdildingii, p 105 Asterina folium, p 106 Asteropsis imbricata, p 106 Pentaceros reticdlatus, p 108 p 98 ; ; ; ; Solaster endeca, p 112 Cribrella sangdinolenta, p 113 Luidia clathrata, p 117 ; Fascioles of Starfishes, p 114 ; ; NOTE, p 121 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES, p 122 ; ; ; Astropecten articulatus, p 119 PA KT I EMBRYOLOGY OF THE STARFISH By [Part r., ALEXANDER AGASSIZ together with Plates I -VIII., was published in December, 18G4; the text included in brackets has been added with the subsequent part.] XoRTH American Starpishes A Agassiz FM Print "by froitiivaLt Pycnododia helianthoides SLimps xni A Musel N^ORTH AAs'asEi:: dii.d Butril! PL XIV Americ.w Starfishes PrmLly A ftorr r.a.:u.: -6 LiNCKiA GuiLDiNGii Gray, 7-9 Astertna folium Liitk Mci NopjH American Starfishes /fjh'- P "f ' * ^ ft i'» Cv^'^'^ .e'ass'.z Iron-, rs AsTEROPSis iMBRicATA Grube , X\', PlXAl A^ORTH AmEFUCAN STARFISHES AAga-£si2 ari.d Print, E-u.r.K>.ardi frorr Pentaceros reticuiatus Link by A Meisd XoRTH Amfric-W Starfishes BuiTiil fro:n nat PI XVI! Prmity A M«stl c SOLASTEPv- ENDECA ForteS XoRTH American Startishes A-Ag'assis and Eurr.:] frarr, r.a^ur-^ Cribrella sang-uinolenta Lutk XVI PI XIX XoRTH American Startishes '««^ Prini.'by ASTROPECTEN AKTICUIATUS M.T A Meisel \oRTH America Starfishes nd Bumll from nature PI XX PrinL.V/ AMcisel LUIDIA CLATHRATA LuLk ... the earlier stages of Echinoderra larvae, from the observations of Derbes, Miiller, have shown, Memoirs know and Krohn of As I American Academy for 1864, the earlier stages of the Echinus larvse,... independence of the two branches of the water-tubes obtain a clear conception of Miiller's views, memoirs first, to makes during the ; in fact, to advisable to read his last it is be able to adopt... course of his investigations The problem- remained a puzzle to him, even at the time of his last memoirs, as he was never aware that they were simple diverticula of the digestive cavity, and were