Catalogue of the fossil Mammalia V02, Lydekker 1887

.-iVviU tAu-ieumQ CATALOGUE OF THE FOSSIL lAMIALIA BRITISH MUSEUM, (NATUEAL HISTOKT) CBOMWELL ROAD, PART 8."W II CONTAINING The Okdek UNGULATA, Stjbobder ARTIODACTYLA BY RICHARD LYDEKKER, B.A., F.G.S., etc LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES 1885 (^ ^y^nisp 7^ PRINTED BY TATLOB AND FRANCIS, RED LIOM COURT, FLEET STREET PEEFACE The part of this Catalogue, published iu January last, con- first tained the specimens belonging to the Orders Pkimates, Chieopteba, The present part is devoted Insecth^oba, Cabnivoba, and Rodentia to the Order Ungulata, Sub-order Abtiodactyla Of this sub- order the Bovidce, Cervidce, and the Anoplotheriidce have especially required much careful study and revision ; nor have the other groups been catalogued without a very large expenditure of time and labour In this task the author has been greatly assisted by Mr William Davies, whose intimate knowledge of the history of the Collection is coeval vnth the acquisition of proportion of the specimens composing The Perissodaotyla and allied forms, Cetacea, Edentata, and Marsupialia It way may be at least a large it and the Probosoidea, still remain to Sirenia, be catalogued well to state here that these Catalogues not in any lay claim to be complete lists of all the fossil genera species, and but only of such as are represented in the Collection HENRY WOODWARD British Museum (Natural History), Department of Geology, Nov 20, 1885 INTEODUCTION As a full Introduction has been given to the First Part, necessary on the present occasion to it is only add a few supplemental remarks In order length, it to avoid extending the Catalogue to an unreasonable has been considered advisable to omit all reference to the majority of the specimens contained in the Cavern Collection, at the entrance to the Fossil Mammalian Gallery, as, in most instances, these are but duplicates of specimens from other localities the same reason, in cases where the remains of any one species number excessively numerous, only the is For of specimens of the more important of such specimens have been introduced into the CataSimilarly, in cases like the Siwaliks of India and the French logue Phosphorites, where there are great numbers of species of Arfiodactyle Ungulates, and very often apparently impossible to it is refer individual bones even to their respective genus, such specimens have not been catalogued here, as nothing would be gained by so doing Mention may be made of a few fossil localities noticed in the present part, which are not given in the table on pages x, xi of Part I ; but before doing the Georgensgmiind ^ so, it may be observed that the position of beds as given in that table should be transferred from the Upper Miocene to section b of the Middle Miocene^ The Lower Pliocene of Cucuron (Vaucluse) is equivalent to that of Mont Leberon The beds at Elgg (Zurich), Switzerland, correspond to those of Kiipfuach many * From the comparatively unaltered condition of of the specimens in the Museum, and the circumstance that Misprinted " Georgensmiind." These beds vrere classed with those of Eppelsheim and CEningen, on the ground that they were so placed by Schlosser in the Palseontographica,' 96 (1884), who has subsequently (Neues Jahrb 1885, vol ii ' Tol xxxi p pp 136rl44) indicated their true position INTKODTJCTION VIU they apparently belong to existing species, the beds at La Combette, near Champeix (page 97), and those at Tour-de-Boulade, Puy-de- Dome (Part but they 126), are provisionally referred to the Pleistocene, I p may be equivalent to the Upper Pliocene of PeyroUes, with which they were associated by P Gervais Generic terms have been employed in a wider sense than case with many contemporary that my ; is the and I am permitted to say views in this respect are in the main those of Professor Thus a Flower number writers difference of one or more premolar teeth, or in the of the digits, in allied forms has not been considered a bar to generic unity ; and accordingly the genus Eurytherium has been included in Anoplothenum (p 188), while analogous instances will occur in Part III in the case of the Rliinocerotidce and Equidce Occasionally a genus (e g Eporeodon, p 208)has been admitted which appears to be founded upon somewhat insufficient characters A few words fication of may be advisable in regard to the specific identi- specimens from the Tertiaries of France and Germany, the most noticeable instance being that of the German Palceomeryx medins with the French Amphitragulus boulangeri and A pomeli In the majority by a of (p 130) such instances the identification has been guarded provisional reservation but as the specimens in the ; Museum apparently present no distinctive points of difference, the only logical course in each instance has been to include specific heading writers as to the Different amount views are of all them under one by different which should be entertained of variation in size In the case mentioned regarded as of individual or of racial value above Prof Riitimeyer takes larger limits than Dr Filhol, the distinction by the between A latter writer of the teeth of the limits boulanc/eri and A pomeli having been made size and proportions come well within the on small differences in the lower jaw, all of which allowed by Prof Riitimoyer to Palceomeryx medius latter writer Middle Miocene of Isere with the German form occurs in the primd ; and as the Lower Miocene of Weissenau, near Mayence, facie highly probable that Lower-Miocene form of AUier of the The has already identified French specimens from the German Hyofherium it and // French Palceochoerus typus (Hyotherium typum, together with that of the it is should be identical with the The probable m,eissneri latter p German Microtherium Vide Wilckens, Biol Centralblatt, vol respective identity soemmeringi with the v p 254) and P major^, renggeri with the 236 (1885) — INTRODTICTIOX IX French CcenotTierium commune^ are confirmatory of the foregoing views, and indicate (as might have been expected) that the Tertiary faunas of the German and French number of areas contain a large forms in common Considerable difficulty has been experienced in these and other instances in regard to the generic and specific names which should be adopted, as German writers almost invariably employ terms of German origin, while those given by their published notice followed French authors have an equal own is clear but there are ; and partiality for In cases where the first distinctive, the rule of priority has been countrj-men many instances (notably those of Meyer) where the original notice is so vague that it is H von practically and in such instances the choice has fallen on the name which appears to have obtained most general acceptation, or was the useless, first to As be distinctly defined in the First Part, the circumstance that specimens apparently indistinguishable from one another were obtained from different geological horizons has not of itself been considered a bar to their reference to the same species, although a provisional reservation has been adopted in some such cases The genus Anoploiherium (as here employed) is one of peculiar regard to the association of the jaws and limb-bones of difficulty in and no very definite conclusion has been arrived astragalus Quercy mentioned in the Addenda (page 316) The at has somewhat increased the complexity of the problem but if the form to which it belonged be really distinct from the so-called the various species ; ; Eurytherium characters, latipes, yet, in the it absence of an}- distinction in dental would seem inadvisable that it should receive a distinct name The following Collections are additional to those enumerated in Part I pp xi, xii Bmverhanh Bowerbank, Layton : Collection F.Il.S., of Collection — Purchased in 1865 from the late Dr J S Highbury — Consists mainly of specimens dredged off Happisburgh, Norfolk, and was purchased from the Eev John Layton, of that place, in 1858 Shane Collection — Purchased — from the executors of Sir Hans Sloane, of Chelsea, about 1754 Wigham Collection Collected by Mr Wigham, of Norwich, and purchased in 1859 from Mr T G Bayfield, of the same town My thanks are again due to Mr W Davies, F.G.S., not only for X miKODrCTION mucli valuable information in regard to individual specimens, but also for verifying each specimen with its description, accuracy is secured in this respect Boyd-Dawkins, of Owens College, also due to Prof for valuable assistance in the determination of the remains of Cervus and H by which absolute Thanks are its allies; and to Mr B Medlicott, Superintendent of the Geological Survey of India, to Prof L Riitimeyer, of Basle, and to the Council of the Geological Society of London, for the loan of woodcuts illustrating this and the preceding Part Owing this to the purchase of certain specimens after the sheets of Part were in type, and also to the circumstance that others had been displaced during the rearrangement of the Museum, it has been work more necessary to introduce several Addenda, which render the complete, but less symmetrical than I could have wished RICH A ED LYDEKKER The Lodge, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, October 31, 1885 SYSTEMATIC INDEX [Existing species are denoted by an sisterisk.] Page Order UNGTJLATA Suborder ARTIODAGTYLA Family BOVID^ *Bos taurus, var primigenius , • Bison 16 var longifrocs elatus 19 namadicus 22 pateogaurus 23 (?)8p 24 bonasus, var priscus 24, Bubalus 311 27 latifrons buffelus, var palseindicus 28 29 antiqnus platyceros 29 occipitalis 30 acuticornis 33 antilopinus 35 Leptobos falcon eri 36 fraseri 37 *Ovibos moschatus bombifrons cavifrons Ovis 38 39 40 (?) sp 40 Bucapra daviesi 40 *Capra hircus 40 * pyrenaica 41 sivalcnsis 45 SYSTEMATIC INDEX Family BOYID-S (continued) Page 45 Capra, sp a 45 sp , 45 (?) rozeti Tragoceros araaltheus 46 Palseoreas lindermayeri 47 Strepsiceros (?) falconer! 47 Boselaphus namadicus 48 48 sp Hippotragus sivalensis 49 Gazella porrecticornis 60 51 deperdita anglica 52 *Antilope cervicapra 52 Cobus (?) palaeindicus (n sp.) Genus non 54 det 55 Alcelaphus palaeindicus 66 bakeri Antelopes of uncertain position Species (probably allied to Oreas) (of uncertain aflSnity) (Antilope clavata) Family Family GIRAFFID^ 53 54 (?) patulicornis 67 67 57 58 58 Sivatherium giganteum 59 Bramatherium perimense 69 Helladotherium duvernoyi 70 Girafifa sivalensis 71 CERVID^ 73 *Cariacus rufus 74 *Capreolu8 caprea 74 cusanus 75 matheroni 77 •Alces machlis latifrons 78 78 310 TTNGULATA 16362 The right half of the symphysis of the mandible of a Hippo- from the potamus, perhaps belonging to this species; Siwaliks of Burma No or India Hippopotamus, history sp Hah Burma 14772 Fragment of a lower Siwaliks of vdlensis or 16456 Tip of a lower ; ; from the ; H 2)cdcfindicus men incisor, of very large size Burma This specimen is too large for H siH iravaticus and agrees with the Pleistocene Presented by Col Burney, ahoutlQAl incisor, agreeing in size with the probably from the Siwaliks of Burma last speci- No history 311 ADDENDA BOVID.E Family Genus (page 1) BISON (page 24) 33ision bonaiSug (page 24) Var priscus The following specimens were obtained from the Barrington, Cambridgesliire M 2531 The Pleistocene of {Purchased, 1885.) right hom-core The M 2532 Two reference of the following is provisional, imperfect mandibular rami M 2533 Numerous detached M 2534 The right M 2535 Two and left cheek-teeth metacarpus astragali M 2536 The right naviculo-cuboid M 2537 The right metatarsus M 2538 A M 2539 Several imperfect vertebraB proximal phalangeal CERVIDiE Family Genus (page 73) RANGIFER (page 79) SElangtfcr tarantlu£( (page 79) M 2501-6 A series of specimens from the caves of Gower, Gla- morganshire; comprising numerous fragments of antlers of various ages, the hinder portion of a cranium, two left mandibular rami, and a right metatarsus Presented hy General E B, Wood, 1865 ^, 312 ADDEITDA CERVUS (page 82) Genus Cervus giganteus M 2517 Two (page 82) basal halves of antlers from the Pleistocene of ; Purchased, 1885 Barrington, Cambridgeshire Cerfius tlapi^uiS (page 94) {The specific reference of some of the following specimens is provisional.') 45357 The metacarpus, of large size left Brady Ilford 41741 The right tibia, of large size ; ; from the Pleistocene of Collection from the turbary of WalthamPurchased^ 1869 siow 7572-3 The right and left tibiae ; from the Pleistocene Mantell Collection 19843 The Purchased, 1878 left tibia, of small size ; of Lewes Purchased, 1836 from the Pleistocene of Grays Purchased, 1846 18154 The right calcaneum from the Pleistocene ; of Ireland Purchased About 1842 40392 The right calcaneum; from the Pleistocene of Oundle, Northamptonshire Presented by G N Edmonds, Esq., 1867 32515 The right calcaneum ; from a Continental Pleistocene Tesson Collection 19843,21631 Three calcanea of small size; from the Pleistocene of Grays 21631 a Two deposit Purchased, 1857 Purchased specimens of the proximal elements of the tarsus, of small size ; from the Pleistocene of Grays Purchased, 1847 23730 e The left astragalus ; from the Pleistocene of Slade Green Purchased, 1849 40964 A left astragalus, of small size; from the Pleistocene Crayford, Kent 23129-31 Two specimens of smaller astragali cene of Ilford of Purchased ; from the PleistoPurchased ; 313 ADDEinJA 21625, 21626, 28131 Several specimens of small astragali 21298 a 21298 b, The left naviculo-cuhoid ; from Purchased the Pleistocene of Grays ; from the Pleistocene of Grays Purchased, 1847 21312, 21318 Three specimens of the right naviculofrom the Pleistocene of Grays ; cuboid of a small form Purchased, 1847 43207' The left metatarsus ; from the turbary of Walthamstow Wetherell Collection Purchased., 1871 18817, 20277, 23149, 28079 Four proximal phalangeals; the Pleistocene of Grays 21630 Numerous proximal phalangeals, of smaller a A size ; from the Purchased, 1849 Pleistocene of Grays 21630 from Purchased second phalangeal, agreeing in size with No 18817 from the Pleistocene of Grays 21630 b Numerous second Purchased, 1849 phalangeals, agreeing in No 21630 CAMELID^ Family Genus size with Purchased, 1849 (page 139) AUCHENIA (page 147) Auchenia magna (Owen ') Syn Palauchenia maffna, This species lanariform pm there is nearly as large as the existing camels is Owen * is ; a minute present a short distance behind the canine, and a small styliform pm immediately in front of pm in the type specimen Hab South America 40155 Casts of the The same individual were obtained from the Pleistocene of The casts are described and figured by Owen in last six cervical vertebrae of the originals Mexico the Phil Trans, for 1870, pp 69-73, pis iv., v., vi., vii Presented by Don Antonio del Castillo, 1866 ' Phil Trans 1870, p 65, Palauchenia * Loc cit ; 314 ADDENDA TRAGULID^E Family (page 150) PRODREMOTHERIUM (page 150) Genus Prodremotherium elongatum M 1809 (page 150) Several imperfect maxillae, with teeth from the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque (Lot), France ; Purchased^ 1884 M 1818 The right maxilla, containing all the cheek-teeth Bach M 1807 ; from Purchased, 1884 Several imperfect mandibular rami ; from the Upper Eocene of Mouillac (Tarn-et-Garonne), France Purchased, 1884 BACHITHERIUM (page 155) Genus Bachitherium curtam III 1809 (page 155) Part of the left maxilla, with the last four cheek-teeth from the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque (Lot), a France, Purchased, 1884 FamUy DICHODONTID^E Genus LOPHIOMERYX (page 160) Lophiomeryx M 1808 Several (page 159) chalaniati (page 160) from the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque (Lot), France imperfect mandibular rami; Purchased, 1884 laophiomeryx minor, Lydekker, This species is n sp founded on the specimen noticed below Hah France M 1809 Fragment {Fig.) of the right maxilla containing the last five cheek-teeth ; from the Upper Eocene of Caylux (Tarn-et- Garonne), France This specimen (woodcut, fig 39) indi- cates a species intermediate in size between L chalaniati 315 ADDENDA and L yavdryi The length of the space occupied by the three true molars is 0,027, the corresponding space in L chalaniati being 0,041 (vide svprd, p 162) Ann dible of L gaudryi {vide Filhol, pi xiii fig The man- Sci Geol vol viii 280) indicates a considerably smaller species, Fig 39 Part of the right maxilla Lophiomeryx minor ^^ '''M Oaylux J ; from the Upper Eocene \ the length of the spJ^ce occupied by the three lower premolars being only 0,017 The present specimen agrees with L chalaniati in the abortion of the second inner crescent of m^, and in the incomplete development of the same part in m^ The thira- premolar has a well-marked inner cusp, and therefore diflPers^":^om Tragidus and agrees \ with Dicliodon C^NOTHERIIDtE Family Genus Purchased, 1884 (page ^6) DICHOBUNUS (page 179) Dichobunus leporinus ^^ (page 180) v \ M 1836 Part of the left maxilla, with the three true molars; IvCf^ the Upper Eocene of Caylux (Tam-et-Garonne), France Purchased, 1884 M 1840 Several Eocene imperfect mandibular rami; of Mouillac from the Upper (Tarn-et-Garonne), France Purchased, 1884 Family ANOPLOTHERIID^ Genus XIPHODON (page 182) Xiphodon M 1832 The (page 182) gracilis (page 183) ramus of the mandible, with from the Upper Eocene of Bach, greater part of the left the last five cheek-teeth ; near Lalbenquo (Lot), France Purchased, 1884 316 ADDENDA 2%e following specimens were obtained from the Upper Eocene of Dehruge, near Apt (Vauclme) ; and belong to the Bravard Collection {Purchased, 1852) Two 30682, 30703 specimens of the distal portion of the humerus 30690 The greater part of the left ulna 30693-5 Three imperfect specimens of the radius Each of these bones exhibits three large knobs near the middle, and a fourth close to the distal extremity of the inner (preaxial) border ; which probably indicate the existence of warts, or callosities, on this side of the limb The distal knob is exhibited in a specimen figured in graphie,' 30686-7 Two Genus Anoplothei-iam^ De Blainville's ' Osteo- pi v specimens of the caicaneum 30676-7-8, 30680-1 Several specimens of the astragalus Genus ANOPLOTHERIUM (page 188) AnQplotherium commune M 1751 Part (page 189) of the left ramus of the mandible containing the from the Upper Eocene of Caylux This specimen agrees prewith the Vaucluse jaw No 26787 (p 191) last five cheek-teeth ; (Tam-et-Garonne), France ' cisely Purchased, 1884 M 1779 Part of the left ramus of the mandible, showing mm from the Upper Eocene of Caylux ; Purchased, 1884 left lower milk-molar, in a much-worn confrom the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque M 1814 a The fourth dition ; Purchased, 1884 (Lot), France M 1844 The left astragalus of a large Anoplotherium ; from the wider and shorter than the astragalus of the so-called Eurytherium its distal width being 0,056, and its latipes (page 193) In the absence of any decided differlength about 0,069 Upper Eocene of Caylux This specimen is ; ence in the dentition of the Caylux, Vaucluse, and Paris specimens, it seems very doubtful regarded as of specific value if this variation can be Purchased, 1884 317 ADDENDA Anoplotheriom cayluxense (page 198) M 1842 Part of the left maxilla of a young individual from the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque (Lot), France This specimen shows mm and mm in a much-worn ; Purchased, 1884 condition M 1775 Part ramus of the mandible of a young indishowing mm and mm from Bach of tho right vidual, ; Purcluised, 1884 Family CHGEROPOTAMIDiE (page 247) ELOTHERIUM (page 249) Genus XSlotherium magnxun (page 249) M 1727 The second left upper true molar ; from the Upper Eocene of Caylux (Tarn-et-Garonne), France M 1439, 1440 Two canines (one imperfect) Purchased^ 1884 ; from the Eocene of Caylux M 1454 The first left lower premolar ; from the Upper Eocene of Caylux Purchased, 1884 Elotherium mortoni, Syn ArcJusothenutn mortoni, Leidy This species is Upper Purchased, 1884 Leidy ' ^ considerably smaller than E magnum Hah North America 29686 A left lower true molar ; from the Miocene of the "White River, Dakota, U S A Genus The writer CEBOCHCSRUS, Gervais^ provisionally foUows the present family vol viii Purchased, 1855 art 1, p Flower in referring this genus to by Filhol in the Ann Sci Geol 107, to the group " Pachysimiens," and is conIt is referred sidered to present characters connecting Choeropotamus lemuroid Primates The with the third lower molar has a well-developed talon * Proc Ac Nat Sci Philad for 1857, p 89 (1858), Archceotherium Loc cit » Zool et Pal Fran^aises, 1st ed vol » ii Exp no 35 (184&-52) ; 318 ADDENDA Cebochoerus minor, Gervais^ This is the smallest species of the genus, and is characterized by the presence of only three roots to the upper true molars Hah France M 1837 Fragment of the left maxilla, containing m (broken) and m from the Upper Eocene of Lamandine-Basse, This specimen near Caylux (Tarn-et-Garonne), France agrees precisely with the one figured by Filhol in the Ann Sci Geol vol viii pi xiv fig 287 ; Purchased, 1884 Family Genus SUID^ (page 250) HYOTHERIUM (page 253) Hyotherium typum (page 254) M 1838 Part of the right ramus molars ; of the mandible, with the three true from the Upper Eocene of Bach, near Lalbenque (Lot), France Purchased, 1884 of the symphysis and right ramus of the mandible from the Upper Eocene of Caylux (Tam-et-Garonne) M 1835 Part ; Purchased, 1884 HL 1840 Part of the right ramus of the mandible, with E73 ; from Bach Purchased, 1884 of the left ramus of the mandible with m72 and mTs from the Upper Eocene of Caylux The length of m is M 1395 Part 0,017, and that of M 1395 S72 0,013 Purchased, 1884 Fragment of the right ramus of the mandible, with 3, pm 4, and m ; from the Upper Eocene of Caylux The length of SH is 0,012 Purchased, 1884 a pm ^ Zool et Pal G6n6rale8, s6r 2, p 48 (1876) 319 ADDENDA Family Genus HIPPOPOTAMID^ (page 277) HIPPOPOTAMUS (page 277) |i|ippopotanni;3 ampijibiuif (page 277) The following specimens were obtained from the Pleistocene Barrington, Cambridgeshire M 2521 The greater portion of the mandible of a male, showing the incisors and canines U 2522 Sixty specimens M 2523 Numerous of upper incisors M 2524 Four lower and lower cheek-teeth and upper canines canines of males K 2525 Several imperfect lower incisors M Two 2526 M 2527 An of (Purchased, 1885.) imperfect humeri imperfect left femur M 2528 Two imperfect M 2529 Two right calcanea astragali M 2530 Nine imperfect vertebrse ) ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF GENERA AND Acothenilvun, 181 saturninum, 182 ^gocerus, laurillardi, 194 bakeri, 5(5 palaeindicus, 55 Alces, 78 giganteus, 82 253 typus, 254 Azaphitragulus, 125 boulangeri, 130 communis, 159 elegans, 125 eracilis, 134 fomanensis, 129 nouleti, 133 pomeli, 130 Ancodus, 218 aymardi, 221 bovinus, 221 incertus, 219 insignis, 221 leptorhynchus, 221 macrorhinus, 221 Anoplotherium, 188 bararicum, 202 cayluxense, 198, 317 commune, 189, 316 II sp 1, 148 235 alsaticum, 239 gresslyi, 244 147 magna, 313 sp 2, 149 Anthracotherium, machlis, 78 27 acuticornis, 33 antilopinus, 35 mortoni, 317 Auchenia, modicum, 201 secundarium, 194 Amphibos, Archaeotheriiizn, 249 minus, 202 platypus, 189 quercyi, 201 latifrons, 78 PART Anoplotheritun(con^ laticuryatum, 170 55 Aznphichcerus, INCLUDING SYNONYMS gracile, 183 49 Alcelaphus, SPECIES, Bachitheriiim, 155 curtum, 155,314 insigne, 157 medium, 155 Bison, 24 hyopotamoides, 235 bonasus, 24, 311 europseus, 24 laiharpei, 242 latifrons, 27 magnum, 236 minus, 242 minutum, 159 silistrense, 165, 243 sp a, 242 sp b, 244 sp c, 244 sp d, 247 valdense, 241 velaunum, 218 Antilope, minor, 16 priscus, 24, 311 Bootherixizn, 38 bombif'rons, 39 cavifrons, 40 Bos, bombifrons, 39 bonasus, 24 bubalus, 28 buffelus, 28 52 brevicornis, 51 capricomis, 51 cervicapra, 52 clavata, 58 etruscus, 19 frontosus, 16 giganteus, deperdita, 61 latifrons, 27 palasindica, 55 patulicornis, 54 porrecticornis, 50, elaphus, 19 elatus, 19 longifrons, 16 moschatus, 38 namadicus, 22 322 Bos INDEX Cariacus, (cont) 74 rufus, 74 occipitalis, 30 cuvieri, 247 Cebochoerus/ 317 palseogaurus, 23 pallasi, 38 primigenius, minor, 318 Cervulus, 117 sp., 24 australis, 118 tauriis, dicranoceros, 117 Cervus, urus, Boselaphus, sp., 48 Bothriodon, 218 leptorhynchus, 221 platyrhynchus, 219 velaunus, 221 Bramatherium, 69 peri men se, 69 Bubalus, 27 acutieornis, 33 antilopinus, 35 antiquus, 29 buffelus, 28 moschatus, 38 occipitalis, 30 platyceros, 29 sivalensis, 29 triquetricornis, 30 Bucapra, 40 daviesi, 40 Caenotheriiun, 167 cadurcense, 175 commuue, 167 elegans, 167 filholi, 176 geoffroyi, 174 laticurvatum, 170 leptognathum, 167 metopias, 170 quinquedentatum, 175 sp., 169 Ceunelopardalis, afllnis, 71 duvernoyi, 70 sivalensis, 71 Camelxis, 139 antiquus, 145 sivalensis, 140 Capra, 40 cervicapra, 52 hircus, 40 bispanica, 41 pyrenaica, 41 rozeti, 45 sp a, 45 sp b, 45 Capreolus, 74 caprea, 74 cusanus, 75 fossilis, 74 matberoni, 77 82 alces, 78 48 namadicus, 48 71 ChoeropotainTis(cow t ) ajubiguus, 111 anoceros, 117 aristotelis, 103 arvernensis, 115 australis, 118 barbai'us, 94 bovoides, 78 bravardi, 77 browni, 89 capreolus, 74 clactonianus, 89 cucuronis, 77 curtoceros, 115 cu.sanus, 75 cyliudroceros, 111 dama, 89 dicranios, 93 dicranoceros, 117 elaphus, 94, 312^ etueriarium, 107 falconeri, 91 giganteus, 82, 312 gracilis, 111 guettardi, 79 liibernicus, 82 issiodorensis, 107 latifrons, 78 lunatus, 116 matberoni, 77 megaceros, 82 perrieri, 107 peyrollensis, 107 polignacus, 115 porcinus, 104 roberti, 115 rufus, 74 rusoides, 107 savini, 91 sedgwicki, 93 sivalensis, 104 stylodus, 107 suttonensis, 109 tarandus, 79 tetraceros, 113 trigonoceroB, 117 verticomis, 92 Choeromeryx, 165 silistrensis, 165 Choeromorus, 253 simplex, 2.^ Chceropotamus, 247 afllnis, 247 gypsorum, 247 meissneri, 254 parisiensis, 247 soemmeringi, Choeropsis, 2.")7 277 Choerotherium, Cobus, 53 253 palaeindicus, 53 patulieornis, 54 Coassus, 74 rufus, 74 Cyclognathus, 218 Dacrytherium, 187 cayluxense, 187 ovinum, 187 Dama, 89 vulgaris, 89 Dicliobunus, 179 cervinus, 165 leporinus, 180, 315 ovinus, 187 robertianus, 181 Dichodon, 162 cervinus, 165 cuspidatus, 164 Dicotyles, 251 affinis labiatus, 251 labiatus, 251 tajaeu, 252 torquatus, 252 Dicroceros, 119 crassus, 153 elegans, 120 magnus, 120 Didymodon, 179 vauclusianus, 180 Diplobune, 188 bavaricum 202 quercyi, 201 Diplopus, 215 aymardi, 216 Dorcatherivun, 163 majus, 154 minus, 154 naui, 153 nouleti, 133 vindobonense, 153 Dremotheriuin, 119 feignouii, 124 nanum, 124 traguloides, 124 Egocerus, 49 Elaphotheriuin, 125 Elotherium, 249 aymardi, 249 magnum, 249, 317 mortoni, 317 323 INDEX Elotherium (conf.) ronzoni, 249 Entelodon, 249 niagniiiii, 249 Eporeodon, 208 major, 209 Euciadoceros, 82 Eucrotaphus, 208 Tiifijor, 209 Evirytherium, 188 latipes, 189 minus, 202 modicum, 201 quercyi, 201 secundarium, 198 Gazella, 50 anglica, 52 brevicornis, 51 deperdita, 51 porrecticornis, 60 Qelocus, 159 communis, 159 curtus, 155 insignia, 157 218 americanus, 228 borbonicus, 219 bovinus, 221 giganteua, 234 gresslyi, 233, 244 picteti, 233 porcinus, 228 TectianuB, 219 velaunus, 218 Hyotherium, 253 meissneri, 254 simplex, 258 soemmeringi, 257 suillum, 254 typum, 254, 318 waterhousei, 25