THE DISTRIBUTION OF BIRD LIFE IN THE URUBAMBA VALLEY OF PERU UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bu

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 117 THE DISTRIBUTION OF BIRD LIFE THE URUBAMBA VALLEY OF PERU A REPORT ON THE BIRDS COLLECTED BY THE YALE UNIVERSITY-NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY'S EXPEDITIONS BY FRANK M CHAPMAN Of 21 the American Museum of Natural History O WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 IN U S NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 117 THE DISTRIBUTION OF BIRD LIFE THE URUBAMBA VALLEY OF PERU A REPORT ON THE BIRDS COLLECTED BY THE YALE UNIVERSITY-NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY'S EXPEDITIONS BY FRANK Of the M CHAPMAN American Museum of Natural History WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 IN L_ ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the consists of two series, United States National Museum the Proceedings and the Bulletins J The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original, and usually brief, papers based on the collections of the National Museum, presenting newly acquired facts in zoology, geology, and anthropology, including descriptions of new forms of animals and One or two volumes are issued annually revisions of limited groups and distributed number to libraries and scientific organizations of copies of each paper, in specialists printed pamphlet form, is A limited distributed to and others interested in the The date of publication is different subjects as soon as recorded in the tables of contents of the volume The series Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, consist of a comprising chiefly monographs of of separate publications large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occa- sionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, and catalogues of type-specimens, special collections, etc The mavolumes are octavos, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indisjority of the pensable Since 1902 a series of octavo volumes containing papers relating Museum, and known as the Contributions from the National Herbarium, has been published as to the botanical collections of the bulletins The present work forms No 117 of the Bulletin series William deC Ravenel, Administrative Assistant to the Secretary, In charge of the United States National Museum Washington, D C, March 19, 1921 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page introduction Previous ornithological work in the Urubamba Valley Whitely's collections Kalinowski's collections Collections of Yale University-National Geographic Society's expeditions 11 12 Descriptions of collecting stations Life zones of the 10 Urubamba Valley 26 Tropical Zone 27 Subtropical Zone 30 Temperate Zone Puna or Paramo Zone North American migrants List of species and subspecies described Distributional list of the 380 species aDd subspecies Urubamba Valley Index 30 35 40 40 of birds known from the 41 125 BULLETIN 124 UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 117, CASSICUS CHRYSONOTUS (4457) Cassicus chrysonotus d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye (TOrbigny and Lafresnaye, Syn Av., pt 2, p (Yungas> Bolivia) Torontoy, (4479) Turdus AGELAIUS THILIUS (MoUna) Molina, Sagg Storr Nat Chile, 1782, p 211 (Chile) Agelasticus thilius Sclater and Salvin, Proc Zool Soc, 1869, p 153 (Tungasuca)* Agelaeus thilius Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ornis, 1906, p 103 (Suriti; Cuzco) Galea, thilius Family CORVIDAE CROWS, JAYS (4547) Cyanocorax violaceus A species Du CYANOCORAX VIOLACEUS Da Bus, Bull Acad Brux., Bus vol 14, 1847, p 103 (Peru) of the Tropical Zone Rio Comberciato, (4549) XANTHOURA YNCAS YNCAS Corvus yncas Boddaert, Tabl PL (Boddaert) Enl., 1783, p 38 (Peru) Cyanocorax incas Sclater and Salvin, Proc Zool Soc, 1876, p 16 (Huiro) Xanthoma yncas Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ornis, 1906, p 85 (Idma) Common in the Subtropical Zone San Miguel Bridge, 6; (4555) Santa Rosa, 1; CYANOLYCA JOLYAEA Idma, (Bonaparte) Cyanocitta jolyaea Bonaparte, Journ fur Ornith., 1853, p 47 (Peru) Xanthoura jolyaea Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ornis, 1906, p 85 (Tambillo) (4555a) CYANOLYCA VIRIDICYANEA CUZCOENSIS Sclater Cyanolyca viridicyanea cuzcoensis Sclater, Ibis, 1917, p 465, pi sampilla, altitude 10,000 feet, Peru) 8, fig (Hua- This form requires comparison with O jolyaea of which I have seen no specimens It inhabits the forests of the humid Temperate Zone and hence is not found in the treeless Cuzco region Torontoy (9,500 feet), INDEX Page Page Aburria aburri aburri, Aburria Penelope 45 Acacna ochreata Acestrura mulsanti Actitis macularia acutipennis, Hapalocercus 22 amethysticollis, Heliangelus 45 Myiosympotes acutirostris, Scytalopus 70 50 92 • 29,92 Anaeretes flavirostris 63 parulus melanogenys 68 44 aeneocauda, Metallura Trochilus aequatorialis, Anaeretes parulus Agelaeus tbilius Agelaius tbilius Agelasticus thilius agilis, 38,69 69 analis, 93 109 119 Tanagra analoides, Catamenia analoid es Anas 92 39, 124 56 oxyptera 55 platalea 55 puna 55 120 119 andicola, Amoropsittaca 117 agraphia, Anaeretes pollens 39,86 solitaria insolens 39 albicapilia, Siptornis 39,83 Synallaxis 83 101 39, 101 65 32, 63 63 Columba plumbea 46 Leptasthenura andicola 82 Psittacula 31,39,86 alaudinus, Phrygilus 55 Bolborhynchus 33, 41,93 Agriornis insolens 109 38, 55 leucogenis igniventris 32,68 119 cristata alticola cyanocephala Aglaia ehilensis 92 Catamenia spinicauda andecola, Hirundo Orochelidon andecolus, Micropus Aglaeactis castelnaudi 13,31, 33,93 Iridosornis 124 93 33, 41 , 93 aequatorialis 124 Anaeretes 84 93 68 44 101 agraphia chlorospila adspersus, Ortalis guttata 70 32, 63 agilis Adelomyia adspcrsa, Ortalis guttata 70 Ampelis rubrocristata Anabates auritus addae, Steganura 68 68 amethystina, Calliphlox Trochilus Amoropsittaca andicola 32, 77 chlorospila 32, 68 Orthorbynchus 45 63 andina, Gallinago 50 38,50 braziliensis Scolopax angustirostris, Muscicapa 50 albiceps, Elaenia 31, 33, 95 Elainea 95 Phylloscartes ventralis 64 Sayornis cineracea albicollis, Caprimulgus Nyctidromus albifrons, Muscisaxicola Ptyonura albilinea, 64 39,89 S9 Columba 32, 45 Diglossa mystacalis albilora, Muscisaxicola 41, 114 39,93 albipennis, Columba albociliaris, Pitylus 110 Saltator 13, 17, 31, 110 Alcedo americana alnorum, Empidonax Alopochelidon fucata alticola, Anas 9,32,45 trailh cristata Aratinga mitrata farinosa inornata mercenaria americana, Alcedo Ceryle Chloroceryle americana americanus, Podiceps Amazona 55 13 57 39, 108 39, 108 antisianus, 70 70 70 64 80 tyrannina 32,41,62 63 Aquila megaloptera 63 Aramides cajanea 63 Aratinga frontatus leucophthalma mitrata alticola mitrata 38, 49 68 68 furcatus approximans, Cercomacra 63 29, 72 Anthus bogotensis immaculatus 38,55 28 97 Crotophaga annae, Ocreatus Spathura Anser melanopterus Anta, Pampa of Antenor unicinctus 29, 102 29, 40, 98 92 ani, Pharomacbrus antisiensis, Pharomachrus Trogon Antrostomus nigresccns 63 92 29,80 57 chiricote 45 6^2 63 32, 41, 62 : 14,61,62 ' 125 126 INDEX Page Ardea cyanocephala 51 egretta 51 tayazu-guira ardens, Phoenisoma 51 Piranga ardesiaca, Fulica ardosiacus, Myiocbanes ardosiacus argentea, Calospiza bicolor, Microrhopias 93 Procnopis 119 Tangara argentea 119 arvensis, Fringilla G eothlypis canicapilla boliviana, 63 Nothura 44 ; 38, 106 72 boli vianus, Capito auratus castaneifrons 113 123 atrata, Carduelis 110 Cathartes 23 Chrysomitris atratus, Spinus Ramphoeelus atrovirens, Cassicus 61 28 99 Troglodytes 61 56 101 : brunneifrons, Ochthoeca fumicolor brunneinucha, Buarremon brunnei-nueha, Embernagra brunneinuchus, Buarremon brunneitorques, Chaetura brunneiventris, Diglossa Aulacorhynchus caeruleocinctus 75 Buarremon brunneinucha Aulanax 97 aura, Cathartes 56 Vultur auratus, Capito auratus 73 Bubo striolatus versicolor aureinucha, Iridophanes pulcherrima 116 Pseudocolaptes boissonneauti azarae, Saltator caerulescens Synallaxis azarae Baccharis Basileuterus coronatus Ill signatus striaticeps superciliaris signatus tristriatus behni, Trogon variegatus Berberis flexuosa berlepschi, Calliste nigriviridis Calospiza nigriviridis poliosomus Buthraupis cucullata saturat a 84 Caenotriccus ruficeps 84 caerulea, Dendroica 58, 59 38, 57, 58 59 58 11, 33, 119 33, 91 40, 105 110 caeruleocephala, Tangara cyaneicollis 110 caeruleocinctus, Aulacorhynchus 118 75 82 caesar, Poospizopsis 22 Calca 15 caliparens, Podiceps 49 107 lutco viridis luteoviridis 74 38, 57 poecilochrous 122 60 75 hypospodius melanosternus 70 33, 122 114 114 28, 29, 75 Buteo erytlironotus 21, 70 Hemispingus atropileus Myospiza aurifrons auritus, Anabates 115 60 Bucco chacuru 72 aurifrons, 65 9, 13, 17, 31, 33, 114, nacurutu 101 auricularis, Chlorospingus 65 virginianus aurea, [Rupicola peruviana] Pharcmachrus Trogon 65 brunneinuchus 56 aurantiicinctu3, Capito auratus 114 114 brunneitorques 29 latirostris 87 114 Cypseloides 99 103 musculus 18, 38, 51 brasiliana, Strix brasilianus, Phalacrocorax 102 Platypsaris 102 102 Theristicus 123 14, 123 audax, Hadrostomus 15, 39, 111 Odontorhynchus brasilianum, Glaucidium Ostinops fasciata 94 67 120 Atticora cyanoleuca fucata 71 71 Brachyspiza capensis peruviana branickii, Odontorchilus 39, 110 99 79 Bourcieria inca 110 Myiarchus 79 micropterus Trogon Trogonurus Tyranniscus 33, 41, 113 atra, Schistochlamys 73 74 Scytalopus 123 Atlapetes canigenis 44 44 Piaya cayana 81 ater, Orchesticus auriceps, 68 63 maculosa Penelope 28 39, 81 Upucerthia atrosericeus, 80 41, 115 39, 110 atacamensis, Cinclodes atriceps, 55 orbignesius 110 Sycalis 118 binghami, Oreomanes Boissonneaua matthewsi Bolborhynchus andicola 119 Arid Tropical Zone, List of Species of the assimilis, 121 87 112 berlepschii, 121 93 33, Pseudochloris olivascens Tangara nigroviridis Bernicla melanoptera 38, 49 ardosiaca, Tyrannula berlepschi, Ochthoeca fumicolor 106 14, 106, 107 106 33, 41, 106 11, 107 107 Calliphlox amethystina 111 70 119 Calhste chrysotis 118 fulvicervix melanotis 118 nigriviridis berlepschi 118 Calospiza argentea 71 fulvicervix 17 gyroloides 119 118 117 catborinae 118 118 9, 33, melanotis 117 Hi* 127 INDEX Page Calospiza nigriviridis berlepschi 1)8 xanthocephala Campephilus haematogaster melanoleucus melanoleucus canadensis, Museicapa Sylvania Wilsonia 119 canigenis, Atlapetes 106 76 73 73 72, 73 73, 74 65 Chalcostigma olivaceum stanleyi vulca-ni 32, 69 32, 69 Chamaepelia erythrothorax 40, 106 33,41,113 70 65 zonaris 77 77 106 canipileus, Chloronerpes rubiginosus Capito aurantiicinctus auratus aurantiicinctus auratus bolivianus insperatus intermedins Chaetocercus mulsanti Chaetura brunneitorques 46 griseola minuta minuta Chanchamayo Charadrius cayanus resplendens Chauillay chiguanco, Semimernla 28, 47 • 11 50 _ 50 33, 104 Turdus 27,72,78 47 , 104 73 chilensis, Aglaia 117 glaucogularis 74 117 punctatus 72 versicolor 74 Tangara chionogaster, Leucippus chiricote, Aramides cajanea Caprimulgus albicollis 64 torquatus 64 Carduelis atrata 110 Casinchihua 10 Cassicus atrovirens 123 chrysonotus castanotis, Pteroglossus castanct is castelnaudi, Aglaeactis 32, Trochilus analoides analoides griseiventris inornata inornata catharinae, Calospiza gyroloides Catharista urubu Gymnopelia 105 Vireosylva chivi 28 63 aequatoriaiis 63 99 Chloron crpes chrysogaster rubiginosus canipileus meridensis Chlorophanes pulcherrima stigmatura 76 76 v Adelomyia melanogenys 76 116 68 68 122 Chlorospingus auricularis 23 flavigularis flavigularis 122 72 parvirostrjs 122 50 28, 50 96 29, Momotus 47 chloromeros, Pipra chlorospila, 98 Ill Sycalis 58 104 29, 39, 111 chloroauchenia, Leptoptila chlorolaemus, 117 38 98 Pseudochloris olivascens 109 117 18, chlorepiscius, Chloroceryle americana americana 33, 109 Chlorostilbon % frontalis 122 n igrifrons 122 daphne 66 prasinus 66 daphne 46 ceciliae 29, 105 109 , aura Catharus sp Cauca Valley cayana, Piaya cayanus, Charadrius HoploxypLerus cayennensis, Museicapa Myiozetetes ceciliae, Coluraba (Chamaepelia) 105 Vireo 68 28, 56 Cathartes atrata chivi, Sylvia chloris, 33, 44, 109 Tangara gyroloides 11 75 68 Catamenia analis 18 Chirimoto 75 113 48 Rallus Chloephaga melanoptcra Myiarchus mexicanus tyrannulus 124 castaneifrons, Atlapetes 66 38 choliba, Otus 28,66 28, 61 Cecropia 21 Pisorhina 61 Cedrobamba Cellus grammicus 21 Strix 61 77 centralis, Ilemithraupis flavicoliis Nemosia flavicoliis 121 121 Centrites oreas 91 Ceophloeus lineatus 29, 77 lineatus Cephalopterus ornatus 77 27, 101 cephalotes, Myiarchus Cerchneis sparveria subsp Cercomacra approximans tyrannina approximans Certhilauda tenuirostris cerulea, Sylvia Ceryle americana Chachapoyas cbacuru, Bucco 98 28, Scaphorhynchus chrysogaster, Chloronerpes 60 16 96 96 96 76 Pheucticus chrysocephalus 108 Pitylus 108 60 Chrysomitris atrata 38 chrysonotus, Cassicus 124 80 chrysopasta, Tanagra 117 29, 80 81 Chrysotis inornata 110 63 chrysotis, Calliste 119 119 11 Tangara Chusqueo quila Ciccaba huhula 75 Cillurus rivularis 105 28 2* 29, Chondrohierax uncinatus Chospiyoc chrysocephalus, Myiodynastes chrysocephalus 22 28,61 81 INDEX 128 Page cinchoneti, Conopias Tyrannus Cinclodes atacamensis 96 coquimbae, Nothoprocta 96 coronatus, Basileuterus 107 Myiodioctes Corvus yncas Coryphospingus cristatus 107 39,81 fuscus 81 rivularis 17,39,81 Cinclus 13 leucocephalus 103 cineracea, Sayornis nigricans Euscarthmus Serpophaga cinerea, " cucullatus 92 Crax cumanensis cinereicapillns, Colaptes Crex 94 cristata, 94 18,33,116 29, 91 cinereus, Circus 38,57 Todus cinnamomea, Muscipeta cinnamomeus, Myiobius cinnamomeus 91 Cniparchus haematogaster haematogaster Tanagra coelestis, — soui 27,43 43 102 cucullata, Fringilla 113 106 Sylvia 77 cucullatus, Coryphospingus 28, 29, 113 Cuculus naevius cumanensis, Crax 76 cunicularia, 72 45 Pipile 45 Pholeoptynx 61 10 Curahausi curvirostris, iolatus 67 Cuzco 71 29, 106 Geothlypis aequinoctialis 86 67 Trogon Trogonurus 43 43 28, 67 collaris, 43 parvirostris iolata Colibri cyanotus 72 29, Crypturellus Crypturus obsoletus p unensis 13,17,18,39,76 rupicola 113 tataupa 76 puna 18 Coryphospingus Crotophaga ani 38, 57 120 Colaptes cinereicapillus 95 95 Heliochera 39, 102 platensis graminicola Cnemarchus erythropygius 28, 29, cristatus, 96 Cistothorus gram in icola 48 48 Elaenia Elainea 95 Circus cinereus 45 28, facialis 116 cinereum Todirostrum cinereum Ill Creciscus viridis facialis cinereiceps, Tyranniscus Tyrannulus 28,29,113 11,14,25,27 97 76 cinereum, Conirostrum 124 113 Cosireni, Rio Coturniculus peruanus 31,32,92 43 43 Nothoprocta 10 District of 71 cuzcoensis, Cyanolyca viridicyanea 33, 124 Collectia spinosa 17 cyaneicollis, coloreum, Todirostrum cinereum 91 Tangara cyaneicollis cyaneum, Conirostrum 33, Columba collaris albilinea albilinea albipennis 32, 45 cyanocephala, Aglaia 45 Ardea 9,32,45 51 Sporothraupis cyanocephala (Chamaepelia) ceciliae 46 47 cyanocephalus, Nycticorax Cyanocitta jolyaea melanoptera 47 Cyanocorax incas minuta montana plumbea andicola propinquua 47 rufina 45 46 46 28,45 rufina columbiana, Lampropygia olumbigallina minuta comata, Pipra leucocilla Comberciato, Rio Compsothlypis pitiayumi elegans Conirostrum atrocyaneum sordidum cinereum cinereum cyaneum 33, 116 33, 116 Ramphocelus 39, 41, 112 29 carbo jacapa connivens, Myiozetetes similis Conopias cinchoneti Conurus mitratus 33, 124 viridicyanea cuzcoensis 33, 124 55 38, 68 68 67 cyanotus, Colibri Trochilus Cypseloides brunneitorqucs 67 65 brunneitorques 65 65 Cypselus montivagus 18,33,116 f errugineiventris connectens, Pseudochloris uropygialis 69 102 102 Hirundo Cyanolyca jolyaea 116 116 124 124 cyanopterus, Pterophanes Trochilus 29,105 38, 51, 52, 53 Cyanolesbia mocoa smaragdina cyanoleuca, Atticora 47 105 120 124 cyanoptera, Querquedula 11,14,26,27 violaceus 67 99 116 120 f renata 47 118 120 Dacnis cayana glaucogularis pulcherrima xanthophthalma Dafila spinicauda 11, 96 96 61 116 122 38, 55 66 daphne, Chlorostilbon prasinus 120 116 28,66 darwini, Tanagra 120 darwini decumanus, Ostinops 120 123 129 INDKX Tagc Tage 40, 103 Dendroica caeraiea 105 rara 17 dcpendens, Spinas Didelphis Diglossa brunneivcntris 07 Trochilus estella, M yiothlypis euophrys, 107 Eupetomena hirundo 66 115 Euphonia chrysopasta 117 indigotica 115 117 melaiiopis 115 mystacalis 33 pcruvian a xanthogastra Eurypyga major meridionalis 9, 13, 17, 31, 33, 114, albilinea 41,114 mystacalis pectoralis laniirostris melaiiopis 18, 33, Euscarthmus cinerea margaritaceiventer margaritaceiventris ruflpes 72 33, 119 facialis, 91 91 113 Creciscus viridis 28, Crex 48 48 51 falcinellus, Ibis 79 Falcinehus ridgwayi ecaudatum, Todirostrum 92 Falco fusco-caerulescens ecaudatus, Orchilus 92 29, 29, 91 excelsus, Phrygilus alaudinus 39, 113 Dysithamnus olivaceus 28 pyrrhops wuchereri 115 Di plopteras naevius Diuca spcculifcra Dubusia stictocephala 91 Ill 114 sittoides 92 leucogaster 114 sittoides 117 27, 51 114 115 personata 51 15, 32, 38, 60 60 Ardea 51 uncinatus unicinctus falklandicus, Nycticorax cyanocephalus Hcrodias 51 fasciata, Atticora 101 Hirundo 101 Echarati egretta, 2% 66 macroura hirundo 19 10,14 Elaenea flavogaster Elaenia albiceps 94 31, modesta subsp 95 95 Pipra fasciatus, Sublegatus 53 96 28, fasciatus 33 57 96 29,96 60 95 femoralis, Hypotriorchis flavogaster 29 ferruginea, flavogaster flavogaster 94 Oxyura 38, 55 33, 116 cristate 23, 29, Erismatura 55 94 ferrugineiveutris, Conirostrum modesta 95 obscura obscura pallatangae 95 flammulata, Siptornis flavigularis, Chlorospingus flavigularis vii idicata 95 gigas 28, 29, 95 Elainea albiceps 95 95 cristata obscura 94 pallatangae 95 flavovirens, placens 95 flexuosa, Berberis florentes, speculifera 113 fluviatilis, unicolor 113 Embernagra brunnei-nucha 114 Emberiza ^miliae, Phcethornis 66 guyi 66 93 94 29 94 Pipra 94 Leptopogon 92 17 Tangara parzudakii 105 28, 17, 31, 33, flavogaster nagana elegans, Compsothlypis pil iayumi 122 Pipilopsis Anaeretes flavogaster, Elaenea Elaenia flavirostris, 95 84 122 118 Muscisaxicola Formicivora rufa rufatra 29, 90 89 SO rufatra Oreomanes frenata, Cohunba 33.41, 115 fraseri, 47 Empidochanes poeeilurus peruanus 97 Gallinago 50 Empidonax 9S Geotrygon 47 29, 40, 98 Oreopeleia pusillus trailli alnorum episcopus, Thraupis trailli Eriocnemis sapphiropygia Erismatura ferruginea Erythrina erythroccrcus, Myiarchus 14 68 cucullata 113 55 fruticeti 112 21 frontalis, 98 erythroleuca, Grallaria 33, 80 erythronotus, Buteo 38, 57 Haliaetus 57 Chlorospingus 122 Hemispingus 122 Hylophilus 94 86 erythropygius, Cnemarcbus 83 Atticora 39 Hirundo 46 Escallonia 20 estella, Oreotrochilus 2787—21 39, 67 122 62 112 fruticeti, Fringilla erythrops, Leptopogon erythrothorax, Chama?pelia frontalis frontatus, Aratinga erythropygia, Taenioptera Myiotheretes 47 110 Fringilla arvensis Phrygilus 39,112 fucata, Alopochelidon 29, 102 28 102 ' Fulica 13 ardesiaca 38, gigantea 38,49 49 130 INDEX Page fulvescens, Nothoprocta 38, 43 fulvicervix, Calliste IleiiangeUis arnethystieollis Calospiza 118 Tangara 118 Helianthea cociigena obscura inca fulvigularis, Malacoptila 75 f ulvigularis furcatus, 75 Anthus Thripobrotus 86 15, 32, 38, 60, 81 Gallinago andina 50 braziliensis andina 38, frenata 50 38 garmani Gambetta melanoleuca garmani, Gallinula 48 50 48 galeata Geositta tenuirostris 48 18, 31, 39, 81 Geothlypis aequinoctialis cucallata 29, 106 eanlcapiila assimilis 106 Geotrygon frenata Geranoaetus melanoleucus 60 of the range Heliodoxa leadbeateri 33, 104 Elaenia 23, 29, 94 Patagona 39, 66 Troehilus of 36 67 Helodromas soutarius Hemispingus atropileus auricularis 2S, 40, 50 33, 122 frontalis frontalis 122 oleagineus 122 superciliaris nigrifrons 33, 122 Hemitbraupis Qavicollis centralis Henicorhina leucophrys 121 103 ieucophrys Herodias egretta Herpsilochmus motaciiloides heterurus, 19, 103 51 79 Xenops 85 rutilus hilaris, 85 Campias 76 Veniliornis haematostigma 38, 49 gigantodes, Semimcrula gigas ig 33, 101 semidiagrammatic representation 47 gigantea, Fuliea 67 rubrocristata 50 Gallinula galeata garmani 67 67 Heliochera cristata 86 fusco-caerulesceas, Falco 92 32 68 osculans 39, 108 Picolaptes f uscicapillus, gigas, Page Hapalocercus acutipennis 118 Hirundinea 29, sclateri 76 95 Hirundo andecola 101 cyanoleuca 102 66 f asciata 101 Glaucidium brasiliannm 61 fucata 192 glaueogularis, Capito 74 ruficollis 102 Dacnis cayana 116 Grallaria erythroleuca rufula obscura sororia 18, 80 macroura Hoploxypterus cayanus 102 piatensis 39, 102 Siptornis 39, 84 Synailaxis 84 grammicus, Celeus 39, 90 Schist ocb! amy s atra Phacellodomus striaticeps grisei ventris, Catamenia analoides griseipectus, 123 39, 41, 85 66 28, 66 28, 50 Huambutio 13 Huaracondo, 13; Canyon, Huatanay, Rio 13; River 16 13 huhula, Ciccaba 28, 61 Strix 77 grisea, Muscisaxicola 65 Eupetomena hirundo, 80 graminicola, Cistothorus zonaris 32, 80 61 huhulum, Syrnium Huiro Hydrocorax vigua 61 64 64 56 Or talis 44 Hydropsalis lyra torquata Hylopezus rufula obscura Hylophilus frontalis hypochlorus, Lophotriccus squamaecristatus hypoleuca, Zenaida hypospodia, Synailaxis hypospodius, Buteo Hypotriorchis femoralis Penelope Premnornis gutturalis, Spermophila guyi, Phaethornis 44 Ibis falcinellus 51 85 Ibycter megalopterus 57 33, 41, 109 Synailaxis 82 griseoeularis, Sublegatus 96 Chamaepelia gryphus, Sareorhamphus Vultur gularis, Tangara cyaneicollis 47 griseola, 38, 56 56 118 guttata, Margarornis 85 108 66 Gymnopelia cechiae ceciliae Idma Poecilothraupis gymnops, Gymnopelia ceci-iae 47 inca, Bourcieria Gynoxys 20 58, 24 33, 119 39, 108 67 67 Cyanocorax 124 117 Hadrostomus audax 99 haematogaster, Campephiius Cniparchus haematogaster 77 inconspicua, Sporophila gutturalis indigotica, Diglossa 77 inornata, Amazona 59 60 Helianthea gyroloides, Calospiza 46 119 immaculatus, Anthus bogotensis incas, 91 29, 83 10, 14, 47 Picus haematostigma, Mcsopicus Haliaetus erythronottis 1, igniventris, Aglaia 38, 46 gymnops 33 122 farinosa 77 Catamenia inornata 76 Chrysotis 57 Linaria 11, 29, 108 115 63 33, 109 63 109 131 INDEX Page Page inornata, Neinosia Thlypopsis 121 leucogaster, Trochilus 121 leucogenis, t&solens, Agriornis solitaria 31,39,86 insperatus, Capito auratiis 27, 72, 73 intermedins, Capito auratus 73 iolata, Colibri 67 Petasophora 66 Anas 56 leucogenys, Merganetta 32, 56 leucogenys 87 leucophrys 33, 87 leucophrys 19,103 leucophrys, Henicorhina 67 103 Ochthoeca 67 iolatus, Colibri 56 leucornetopa, Ochthoeca 87 Iridophanes pulcherrima aureinucha pulchcrrima 116 113 Troglodytes leucophthalma, Aratinga Iridosornis analis 119 leucophthalmus, Psittacus 110 leucops, Planesticus 104 33,119 Turdus leucoptera, Tanagra Licamachay 104 jelskii jelskii Tanagra jacarini, 109 Volatinia jacarini jacquacu, Penelope 29, 109 27, 44 jacquacu 44 jelskii, Iridosornis 119 jelskii 124 Cyanolyca 105 Vireosylva 1-1 Vireosylva 11 Speotyto cunicularia kalinowskii, Nothoprocta Knipolegus aterrimus ockendeni net erogyna ockendeni laeta, Tanagra darwini Thraupis darwini La Merced Lampropygia columbiana obscura 77 Lochmias obscurata 82 82 sororia Lomaria 22 Lophotriccus squamaecristatus hypoehlorus 9, 33, 11, 91 pilcatus 91 10 119 Hydropsalis 64 Uropsalis 64 89 Machu Picchu 89 Macropsalis lyra peruana macrourus, Troglodytes 14 64 23, 103 solstitialis 120 macularia, Actitis 50 11 Tringa 50 7, 8, 12, 14, 67 macularius, Tringoidas 67 maculirostris, Muscisaxicola 75 75 maculosa, Nothura maculcsus, Ostinops decurnamis 15 magnirostris, Rupornis 38, 49 laticlavius, Saltator Luatanay lyra, 10, 13 77 lineatus Picus 38, 61 Selenidera Larus serranus 109 lunulata, Poecilothraupis 38, 44 26 29, 77 38, 49 langsdorffi, Pteroglossus La Raya 10 Valley 105 Junin, Lake juiiinensis, Podiceps callipareus 120 Linaria inornata 33, 124 josephae, Vireo 63 lineatus, Ceophloeus 77 jolyaea, Cyanocitta 63 Urubam ba 33,119 Picumnus latirostris, Life Zones of the 103 Anlanax 97 97 27, 123 59 75 falvigularis 75 melanopogon major, Tanagra coelestis leadbeateri, Heliodoxa 67 Leptasthenura andicola andicola peruviana 82 Maramora 39, 40, 82 Maraynioc 90 28 Malacoptila fulvigularis 110 Sayornis nigricans 50 39, 75 120 Thraupis episcopus 29, 120 10 pileata 39, 82 Leptodon uncinatus Leptopogon erythrops 60 Margarornis guttata 85 94 perlata 33,85 flavovirens 92 rufipectus 94 superciliaris superciliaris 94 tristis 92 ventraUs Leptoptila chloroauchenia ochroptera ochroptera Iessoni, Lessonia niger oreas Leucippus chionogaster peruviana matthewsi, Boissonneaua Panoplites 68 maximus, Saltator Mecocerculus leucophrys nigriceps setophagoides 88 109 poecilocercus 89 89 taeniopterus 91 leucogaster 66 taeniopterus viridicanda 66 leucocephalus, Cinclus 103 91 66 88 33, 88 stictopterus euplastus subtropicalis Leucippus 68 Trochilus 66 leucogaster, Euscar Lhmus 85 68 47 28, 47 9, 39, 28 92 47 Ochthoeca lessoni margaritaceiventer, Euscarthmus megaloptera, Aquila Ibycter megaloptems, Ibycter Milvago 33,89 41, 89 89 57 ' 38 57 57 INDEX 132 Page melaleucus, Tachyphonus 121 melancholicus, Tyrannus 29, 99 Tyrannulus melancholicus 99 melanocephalus, Myioborus melanocephalus 14, 19 melanochrous, Thamnophilus 10, 14, 19, 27, 29, 79 melanogenys, Adelomyia 68 melanoleuca, Scolopax melanoleucus, Campephilus melanoleucus 50 77 Geranoaetus Picus Spizaetus 60 60 38, 60 Totanus 40, 50 melanopogon, Malacoptila melanoptera, Bernicla Chloephaga 18, 33, 115 75 fulvigiilaris 18, 47 Metriopelia 47 melanoptera 47 Tanagra 120 Thraupis palmarum melanosternus, Buteo melanota, Pipridea Tangara saturatior Microcrypturus micropterus, Scytalopus Micropus andecolus parvulus montivagans parvulus peruvianus Microrhopias bicolor rufa rufater quixensis Microspingus trifasciatus Mijuca Mil vago mogalopterus minuta, Chamaepelia minuta Columba Columbigallina Mionectes poliocephalus striaticollis poliocephalus mitrata, Aratinga mitrata mitratus, Conurus Mitrephanes ochraceiventcr olivaceus modesta, Elaenia albieeps Siptomis Momotus aequatorialis chlorolaemus 91 121 96 95 Muscisaxicola albifrons 39, 89 albilora 39, 90 118 39, 90 118 occipitalis 90 118 rufivertex 31, 39, 90 ruflcrissa 38, 90 Myiarchus atriceps 99 53 cephalot es erythrocercus 76 mexicanus 98 98 chlorepiscius pelzelni 98 28, 29, 99 tyrannulus chlorepiscius Myiobius cinnamomeus cinnamomeus 29, 98 76 69 fasciatus saturatus 29, 97 32, 69 47 melanoptera 96 105 29, 90 27, 51 92 106 (Todirostrum) ruficeps rubra Muscipeta cinnamomea obscura 108 smaragdinicollis smaragdinicollis 101 39, 90 leucogenys meridensis, Chloronerpes rubiginosus Metriopelia melanoptera 39, 101 olivacea 32, 56 Eurypyga major 70 70 maculirostris 63 Mesopicus haematostigma Metallura aeneocauda 70 grisea 63 meridionalis, 79 117 Psittacus Pheucticus uropygialis 65 fluviatilis Amazona Merganetta leucogenys 32 65 murina, Orochelidon Petrochelidon Muscicapa angustirostris canadensis cayennensis 59 Calospiza 47 Ornismya 29, 120 melanotis, Calliste mercenaria, 38 47 montivagans, Micropus montivagus, Cypselus Micropus motacilloides, Herpsilochmus mulsanti, Acestrura Chaetocercus 55 Columba 27, 75 Oreopeleia 77 Spiziastur melanopis, Diglossa personata Page Monasa morphoeus peruana montana, Columba 38, 47 47 43 naevius saturatus ochraceiventer subochraceus Myioborus melanocephalus melanocephalus 77 32, 65 SO 33, 123 19 106 93 93 14, 61, 62 61 tristriatus 107 Myiodynastes chrysocephalus 96 Myiopagis viridicata 29, 95 Myiosympctes acutipennis 29, 92 Myiotheretes ery thropygius Myiothlypis euophrys 39 107 nigr^cristatus 106 107 striaticeps, Myiozetetes cayennensis similis connivens, Myospiza aurifrons aurifrons peruana peruana 29, 96 11, 29, 111 Ill 33 mystacalis nacurutu, Bubo 114 Virginian us Strix 95 naevia, Tapera 83 naevius, Cuculus Diploptcrus 96 Ill mystacalis, Diglossa 95 63 95 chrysoeephalus 97 97 98 107 57 47 97 Myiodioctes coronatus 28, 47 47 97 14,19,106 80 28, 80 97 Myiochanes ardosiacus ardosiacus 32, 40, 65 40, 65 97 verticalis 05 65 96 60 60 14, 29, 72 72 72 133 INDEX Page naevius, Myiobius 97 Nycticorax 15,52,53 Tapera nattereri, Rupornis Nemosia flavicollis centralis 72 121 Nettion oxypterum niger, Scytalopus 87 rufipectoralis 88 87 thoracica 33, ockendeni, Knipolegus aterrimus Odontophorus 64 Odontorchilus branickii branickii 102 102 45 stellatus nigricans, iSayornis 97 Odontorhynchus branickii 88 oenanthoides, Ochthoeca Piaya cayana nigrifrons, Chlorospingus 72 Hemispingus frontalis olivacea, Muscicapa Hemispingus 122 superciliaris nigrocristatus, Myiothlypis nobilis, 33, 32, noronha, Zenaida auricnlata Nothoprocta coquimbae curvirostris 69 46 olivaceus, Mitrephanes 43 Ramphomicron 38, 43 kalinowskii 38, 44 boliviana peruviana nuna, Ornismya Psalidoprymna Nycticorax cyanocephalus Nyctidromus Tanagra 70 53 orbignesius, Orchesticus ater Orchilus ecaudatus 51 Hylopezus rufula Lampropy gia Columbiana Muscipeta Oropezus rufula Piaya cayana Sporophila 91 9, 39, haematostigma Oreomanes binghami Oreonympha nobilis Oreopeleia frenata 91 77 41, 115 33, 41, 115 fraseri 32, 69 47 montana 95 47 Oreotriccus plumbeiceps 92 67 Oreotrochilus estella 39, 67 33 orinomus, Querquedula cyanoptera 38, 55 67 28, 92 91 orenocensis, Veniliornis 95 18,80 123 Lessonia niger 75 50 50 oreas, Centrites 64 Grallaria rufula 18, 38, rufipes 53 38, 51, 52, 53 Helianthea coeligena 123 17 32, Nystalus striolatus obscura, Elaenia obscura Elainea 79 29, 123 63 44 albicollis 69 Thamnophilus 38, 51, 52, 53 tayazu-guira 29,79 Bolborhynchus orbignyanus, Thinochorus Tinochorus 44 obseurus 105 32, 69 28 38, 15, 52, 40, 105 Ollantay tambo 11, 28, falklandicus 105 44 70 naevius 87 122 97 olivina, Schistochlamys atra 43 Nothura boliviana maculosa Dysithamnus 43 fulvescens perdicaria oleaginous, Vireosylva Vireosylvia olivaceum, Chalcostigma 122 106 Oreonympha 89 77 nigriceps, Mecocerculus leucophrys nigricrissa, 88 89 , heterogyna 18,38,55 Antrostomus 39, 87 pulchella spodionota 59 121 inornata nigrescens, Page Ochthoeca oenanthoides polionota 95 Oriolestes 80 ornatus, Cephalopterus 72 Ornismya mulsanti nuna 28,29,109 obscurata, Lochmias 82 55 19 27, 101 70 70 • Orochelidon andecola murina 39, 101 obseurus, Nycticorax 51 occidua, Rupornis magnirostris 59 Oropezus rufula obscura 80 occipitalis, Muscisaxicola 90 Ortalis guttata 44 39, 101 Occobamba Pass 18 Valley ochracei venter, Mitrephanes 18 Orthorhynchus amethysticollis 68 97 smaragdinicollis 69 Myiobius Acaena Ocreatus armae ochreata, ochroptera, Leptoptila Ochthoeca frontalis spodionota fumicolor berlepscbi brunneifrons 28, Ortyx 22 osculans, Helianthea 68 Ostinops atrovirens tectricialis leucometopa leucophrys 44 45 stellata 67 14, 123 decumanus 123 maculosus 47 27,123 84 33, 87 ottonis, Siptornis 39, 33, 87 Otuscholiba 28,61 lessoni lessoni 33, 41, 87 oxyptera, Anas 55 88 55 88 Querquedula oxypterum, Nettion 87 Oxyura ferruginea 18, 38, 55 38, 55 87 leucometopa oenanthoides 2737—21 97 47 ochroptera adspersa 33,87 87 10 Pacaymayo Pachyrhamphus versicolor 10 100 134 INDEX Page Pachyrhamphus versicolor versicolor pagana, Elainea pallatangae, Elaenia Elainea pallens, Zenaida auriculata pallida, Upucerthia 100 94 95 95 palpebralis, Schizoeaca Page Phaethornis guyi Phalacrocorax brasilianus vigua vigua 70 31,39,81 antisiensis 70 25 Panoplites matthewsi 68 10 10 auriceps uropygialis 108 Phoenisoma ardens 34 Phoethornis emiliae guyiemiliae 66 38, 48 Pholeoptynx cunicularia 61 Paramo Zone tschudii 48 66 39 excelsus 105 parulus, Anaeretes 121 Phrygilus alaudinus 33, 116 fruticeti gayi punensis 93 Crypturus parvulus, Micropus andecolus 70 57 unicinctus parvirostris, Chlcrospingus flavigularis 21, chrysocephaluschrysogaster 108 Pheucticus uropygialis meridensis 108 terminalis 41, 108 28 Parabuteo unicinctus Par ula pit iayumi 56 28,38,56 Pharomachrus antisianus 33,82 paiina, Xenodacnis 56 28, 46 Paltaypampa Pampade Derrumbe , Pampaconas River Pardirallus rytirhynchus rytirhynchus 66 113 39, 12 39, 112 122 plebeius 113 28,43 plebejus 39, 113 65 unicolor unicolor 65 18 39,113 parzudakii, Tanagra 118 Phylloscartes ventralis angustirostris 92 Tangara 118 Piaya cayana 72 Patagona gigas pectoralis, Diglossa obscura 114 Myiarchus Penelope aburri pelzelni, 28, 29, 45 44 guttata 44 jacquacu 27, 44 jacquacu nigricrissa 99 boliviana sclateri boliviana 39, 66 Picolaptes fuscicapillus lacrymiger warszewiczi Picumnus jelskii plumosa 44 44 Peramys 19 perdicaria, Nothoprocta 43 77 77 melanoleueus Leptasthenura pileatus, Lophotriccus squamaecristatus Pipile cumanensis pileata, 85 Pipilopsis flavigularis Pipra chloromeros flammea Tyto 61 28,32,61 perlatus, Sittasomus 85 personata, Diglossa 115 personatus, Trogon 70 Trogonurus peruana, Macropsalir lyra ' Monasa morphoeus Myospiza 27, 75 Ill aurifrons peruanus, Coturniculus, Euphonia laniirostris Leptasthenura andicola Margarornis perlata Nothura maculosa Pyrgita Rupicola 15,39,111 117 11, 28, tschudi tschudii Pisac Pisorhina eholiba pitiayumi, Compsothlypis Parula Pitumarca 44 Pitylus albociliaris 32, 40, 65 Phacellodomus striaticeps griseipectus 39, 41, 85 33 67 101 99 94 99 117 117 117 121 121 40, 121 29 121 chrysogaster Planesticus leucops platalea, 105 110 108 95 104 serranus 104 sp 104 Anas Spatula Platypsaris 61 105 placens, Elainea 29, 117 peruvianus, Micropus Spinus icterus Petasophora iolata Petrochelidon murina 122 13, 15 85 21,100 91 45 28 testacea 39, 40, 82 Ill Tanagra laniirostris venezuelensis Piranga ardens rubra rubra 97 110 100 peruviana comata Pipraeidea melanota venezuelensis Pipridea melanota leucocilla Ill 77 39, 82 96 flavogaster 29,111 Empidochanes poecilurus Spinus ictericus peruviana, Brachyspiza capensis fasciatus 70 64 86 lineatus 61 33, 72 86 77 Strix perlata, Margarornis 72 Picus haematogaster 44 speciosa 72 28, audax plebeius, Phrygilus 55 3S, 55 99 113 INDEX 135 Page plebejus, Phrygilus 39, 113 Plegadis ridgwayi 38, 51 Rallus chiricote rytirhynchus 44 Ramphocelus 49 38, 48 48 atrosericeus Ramphomicron 69 69 poecilocercus, Mecocerculus 89 rara, Serpophaga poecilochrous, Buteo 89 resplendens, Charadrius 59 Ptiloscelys 119 Pogonotriccus plumbeiceps 92 poliocephalus, Mionectes 93 93 striaticollis polionota, Ochthoeca oenanthoides 39, 87 poliosomus, Buteo pollens, Agriornis 39, 85 9, 33, 111 Potrero 10 prasinus, Chlorostilbon 66 Premnornis guttata 85 Procnopis argentea propinqua, Columba plumbea proxima, Siptornis modesta 119 46 39, 41, 83, 84 Psalidoprymna nuna 32, oli vascens berlepschi chloris uropygialis connectens — uropygialis 112 Pseudocolaptes boissonn eauti auritus Pseudospingus xanthophthalmus 84 63 Psittacus leucopbthalmus 63 mercenaria 63 Pteroglossus castanotis langsdorffi 75 38, 68 Ptiloscelys resplendens 38, 50 68 albifrons 89 pulchella, Ochthoeca 87 pulcherrirna, Dacnis 116 Iridophanes pulcherrirna 116 puna, Colaptes 13,17,18,39,76 Querquedula Troglodytes musculus Puna Zone Origin of the Avifauna of the Puna Zone Birds, Distributional Analysis of punctatus, Capito punensis, Crypturus obsoletus Phrygilus gayi Puquiura 101 33, 101 Tangara 121 rufatra, 29, 80 Thamnophilus 80 Formicivora 80 rufa 80 ruficeps, Caenotriccus 33,91 Muscicapa (Todirostrum) 91 Sylvia 122 Thlypopsis 122 Tinamus 42 major 27 ruficervix, Stenopsis 64 Thermochalcis ruficollis, Hirundo ruficrissa, Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Muscisaxicola rufivertex r ufina, 32, 29, 102 90 Columba 45 rufina 28,45 Ochthoeca rufipectus, Leptopogon rufipectoralis, rufipes, 88 94 Euscarthmus margaritaceiventer 29, 91 Orchilus rufiventer, 64 102 91 rufivertex, Muscisaxicola 121 121 31, 39, Tachyphonus 34 rufus, 35 Rupicola peruviana 72 43 90 29,121 100 aurea peruviana saturata 38 101 21,100 100 39, 112 saturata 100 13 rupicola, Colaptes 76 121 Pyrgita peruviana pyrrhops, Euscarthmus Ill puna 40, 121 rufater, Microrhopias rufa 38, 55 Pyranga testacea tschudii orinomus 121 rubra rubrocristata, Ampelis Heliochera 33, 102 102 Querquedula cyanoptera 49 121 Tachyphonus Tan agra Pygochelidon cyanoleuca orinomus oxyptera Podiceps Piranga rufa, 81 17,39,81 rubra, Muscicapa 75 Pterophanes cyanopterus teinmincki 24 , Cinclodes fuscus 75 castanotis Ptyonura 38,51 11, 25; rivularis, Cillurus 33, 122 Psittacula andicola 50 Plegadis rollandi, 50 51 Rio Comberciato, 7, 11, 14, 26; Cosireni, Pampaconas, 24; San Miguel 39,111 39, 41, 112 50 38, Vanellus 70 12 105 ridgwayi, Falcinellus 58 Poospizopsis caesar Pseudochloris Dendroica 33, 119 lunulata 120 vulcani 49 Poecilothraupis igniventris 29, 120 olivaceus rollandi 38, 57, 120 jacapa connectens 49 calliparaeus juninensis 79 carbo connectens 38, 49 calipareus 80 Thamnophilus radiatus, 92 92 plumbeiceps^Oreotriccus Pogonotriccus plumosa, Penelope sclateri Podiceps americanus quixensis, Microrhopias Rupornis magnirostris 59 occidua 59 natt er eri 59 91 rytirhynchus, Rallus 55 55 Pardirallus rytirhynchus sajamae, Siptornis modesta salmoni, Tigrisoma 55 Saltator albociliaris 38,55 38, 55 azarae 48 48 83, 84 54 13, 17, 31, 110 110 136 INDEX Saltator caer ulescens azarae 110 laticlavius 110 maximus 109 Page San Fernando San Geronimo San Miguel Bridge San Miguel, Rio Santa Ana 24 Siptornis ottonis 8, 14, 22 10 District of Valley of sapphiropygia, Eriocnemis Vestipedes Sarcorhamphus gryphus saturata, Buthraupis cucullata 27 68 sittoides Helodromas 38, 56 sordidum, Conirostrum atrocyaneum 11, 33, 119 100 47 29, 97 97 soui, cineracea * 97 speculifera, latirostris 97 Schistochlamys atra grisea Tangara Hirundinea Todirostrum Scolopax andina melanoleuca 117 96 91 50 50 scrutator, Thripadectes 85 Scytalopus acutirostris bolivianus micropterus 32, 77 79 77 bolivianus 79 60 68 55 44 spinicauda, sclateri, 60 Diuca Emberiza 123 82 43 39, 113 113 Speotyto cunicularia juninensis 38, 61 108 Anas 55 Dafila 29,123 117 27, 28, 38, 38, Spermopbila gutturalis 33, 116 80 123 schranki, Tanagra 50 Tinnunculus Spathura annae Spatula platalea 96 69 82 sparverius, Cercbneis speciosa, Penelope 69 69 28, 40, 50 Lochmias Crypturus 97 Scaphorhynchus chrysocephalus 69 32, sororia, Grallaria 97 nigricans Schizoeaca palpebralis 114 smaragdina, Cyanolesbia mocoa smaragdinicollis, Metallura smaragdinicollis Orthorbynchus smaragdinus, Trochilus solitaria, Tringa solitarius, Sayornis cineracea angustirostris olivina 114 Serrirostrum 100 peruviana saturatior, Metriopelia melanoptera saturatus, Myiobius fasciatus naevius 114 38, 68 Rupicola 84 85 « sittoides, Diglossa 30 24 39, 40, Sittasomus perlatus 10 14, 20, 39,84 urubambensis 38,55 17 spinosa, Collectia Spinus atratus dependens ictericus peruanus Spizaetus melanoleucus Spiziastur melanoleucus spodionota, Ochthoeca 39, 110 33, 110 17 60 38, 60 87 frontalis Sporophila gutturalis inconspicua obscura 33,87 11, 29, 108 28, 28, 109 Sporothraupis cyanocepbala cyanocephala Steganura addae Stelgidopteryx ruflcollis ruficollis 120 68 niger 77 silvestris 78 stellata, 78 Ortyx Odontophoras Stenolobium 45 simonsi stellatus, 45 Stenopsis ruficervix 64 sp 33,78 75 Selenidera langsdorffi Semimerula chiguanco gigas gigantodes 33, 104 Serpophaga cinerea cinerea poecilocercus serranus, Larus stictocephala, Dubusia 33, 119 31 92 striaticeps, Basileuterus luteoviridis Planesticus 104 Turdus 104 116 28, striolatus, 65 106, 107 Myiothlypis 89 38, 49 102 17 stigmatura, Cnlorophanes pulcherrima Streptoprocne zonaris zonaris 33,104 29, 107 Bucco 75 Nystalus 75 61 Strix brasiliana Serrirostrum sittoides 114 cboliba 61 Setophaga melanocephala 106 flammea perlata huhula 61 88 nacurutu 60 88 perlata 106 verticalis setophagoides, Mecocerculus leucophrys 33, Tyrannula signatus, Basileuterus 11, luteoviridis 107 61 61 Sublegatus fasciatus 14 28, 96 29,96 fasciatus 78 griseocularis 96 simonsi, Scytalopus 78 subochraceus, Myiobius 97 Siptornis albicapilla 39, 83 silvestris, Scytalopus flammulata 84 graminicola 39, 84 modesta 83 proxima sajamae 39,41,83,84 83,84 subradiatus, Thamnophilus nigricristatus radiatus 79 — 79 29,79 Subtropical Zone subtropicalis, Mecocerculus 30 41, 89 superciliaris, Basileuterus luteoviridis 33, 41, 106 137 INDEX Page Page superciliaris Leptopogon 94 superciliaris tenuirostris, Certhilauda Sycalis arvensis 39, 110 18,31,39,81 terminalis, Pheucticus uropygialis 41, 108 Ill testacea, Piranga Sylvania canadensis Sylvia cerulea 106 Thamnophilus melanoclirous 105 nigricristatus subradiatus 79 chi vi 105 olivaceus 79 cucullata 106 radiatus ruficeps 122 chloris Synallaxis albicapilla subradiatus graminieola 84 82 Tnermochalcis ruficervix Agelaeus Agelaius 86 Agelasticus 89 Turdus stictopterus 33, 89 Tachyphonus melaleucus 121 rufiventer 29, 121 Tambillo Tanagra analis 10 32, 64 124 39, 124 124 124 Thinocorus orbignyanus Thlypopsis inornata 18, 38, 50 121 ruficeps 121 rufus 18, 38, 51 thilius, Taenioptera erythropygia aeniopterus, Mecocerculus t 79 Theristicus branickii 61 122 thoracica, Ochthoeca 33,88 Thraupis darwini laeta 9,33,120 episcopus 119 29,79 SO rufater Syrnium huhulum 14, 29, 120 palmarum melanoptera chrysopasta 117 coelestis 120 Thnpadect es scrutator 85 120 Thripobrotus fuscicapillus 86 120 warscevriczi major darwini darwini laeta 10,13 109 lanirostris peruviana 120 maximus 109 melanoptera 120 olivina 123 parzudakii 118 Tigrisoma salmoni 54 27 ruficeps 42 tao 42 Tinnunculus sparverhas 60 cinnamominus Tinochorus orbignyanus Tinta 121 Titicaca, 117 Todirostrum cmereum xanthogaster 117 119 cbilensis 117 chrysotis 119 cyaneicollis caeruleocephala 118 Todus cinereus 118 Torontoy 12 91 sclateri 91 91 14, 19,30 118 torquata, Hydropsalis torquatus, Caprimulgus gyroloides catharinae 117 Totanus nielanoleucus melanotis 118 trailli, nigroviridis berlepschii 118 trifasciatus, if icrospingus 118 Tnnga macularia fiorentes Empidonax solitaria ruia 121 Tringoides macularius schranM 117 tristis, xanthocephala xanthocephala Tapacolas Tapera naevia naevius tataupa, Crypturus 14, 29, naevius Ochthoeca lessoni t emmincki, Pteropnanes Temperate^Zone tectricialis, 50 50 50 Leptopogon 92 tristriatus, Basileuterus 107 Myiodioctes 107 77 Trochilus aeneocauda 69 72 amethystina 70 72 castelnaudi 68 cyanopterus cyanotus 67 52, 53 estella 67 38, 58 gigas 33, 41, 88 avifauna of the Distributional Analysis of Birds of the 98 33, 123 19 51 Nycticorax 64 40,50 42 43 tayazu-guira, Ardea 64 pusillus 118 Tinamus 91 92 118 parzudakii 29,91 ecaudatum fulvicervix gularis 50 cinereum coloreum Tangara argentea argentea 60 9,13 Lake rufiventer schranki cyaneicollis 86 86 Tinamus major ruficeps 29, 117 leucoptera 29, 120 warscewiczi 120 jacarini ao, 79 83 29, 83 10, 14, 19, 27, 29, 79 subradiatus 82 hypospodia • 28 azarae azarao griseiventris t 81 Geositta 10 Suriti 68 7,30 32 leucogastcr matthev si smaragdina Troglodytes audax leucophrys 32 musculus audax 68 66 • 66 68 69 103 103 29, 103 138 INDEX Page Troglodytes musculus puna 33, 1C2 macrourus solstitiaiis Page venezuelensis, Pipraeidea melanota Pipridea 33, 103 Trogon antisicnsis 70 auriceps 70 bolivianus 71 collaris 71 personatus variegatus behni Trogonurus bolivianus Veniliornis haematostigma hilaris orenocensis 70 Capito Pachyrhamphus 71 71 personatus variegatus 70 virginalis Tropical Zone , Species of the Arid 100 71 vigua, verticalis, 28 29 tschudii, Pardirallus rytirhynchus 48 56 vigua 121 121 Vireo chivi 104 leucops 104 104 olivacea 124 Vireosylvia olivacea 14 Trogonurus virginalis, virginianus, cinereiceps 94 viridicata, Elaenia viridissimus 94 Tyrannula setophagoides Tyrannulus cinereiceps 88 viridicauda, Leucippus 94 viridissimus, Tyranniscus cinchoneti Tyto perlata 60 95 Myiopagis 29, 94 bolivianus 99 96 vulcani, Chalcostigma stanleyi 60 Leptodon 60 warscewiczi, Picolaptes lacrymiger unicinctus Emberiza Wilsonia canadensis wuchereri, Euscarthmus 113 Phrygilus 18 unicolor Upucerthia, 57 28 39, 113 semidiagrammatic representation of the range of atacamensis pallida 37 81 31 , 39, 81 Uropsalis lyra 64 uropygialis, Pheucticus uropygialis Pseudochloris uropygialis Urquillos Urubamba River Urubamba Valley, 08 112 16, 14 species of birds Life-Zones of the work urubambensis, Siptornis urubu, Catharista Vanellus resplendcns variegatus, Trogonurus 122 33, 122 124 124 33, 116 yncas, Corvus 124 124 124 Yuvini 25 46 Zenaida auriculata noronha pallons 26 28, hypoleuca zonaris, Chaetura ornithological in the 117 117 85 85 yncas known from 119 rutilus heterurus Xanthoura 41 Previous 91 119 Xenops heterurus and subspecies the 106 40, xanthophthalmus, Pseudospingus Xanthoura yncas yncas Xenodacnis parina Distributional List of 380 65 65 Streptoprocne zonaris 28, 56 Zone, 50 Humid Temperate Puna 71 O 46 46 Hirundo 39, 40, 84 86 86 xanthocephala, Calospiza Tangara xanthocephala xanthogaster, Tanagra xanthogastra, Euphonia xanthophthalma, Dacnis 10 56 86 warscewiczi 57 Parabuteo 69 69 56 Thripobrotus 57 Falco 32, Ramphomicron Falco unicinctus Antenor 94 109 29, Vultur aura gryphus 60 95 66 Volatinia jacarini jacarini 28, 32, 61 uncinatus, Chondrohicrax unicolor, 71 Bubo 99 29, 105 105 94 — 105 40, 94 melancholicus melancholicus Tyrannus melancholicus 10s 105 29, josephae thilius viridissimus 124 100 Vireosylva chivi chivi josephae serranus Tyranniscus bolivianus 56 ia 105 versicolor gigantodes 28, 38, josephae 13,16,31,34 68 56" Pyranga testacea 10 i 38, Phalacrocorax Piranga testacea Tungasuca Turdus chiguanco 106 106 Hydrocorax Vilcabamba violaceus, Cyanocorax Ttica-Ttica 100 versicolor 27 tschudi, Piranga testacea 92 74 74 100 Vireo Myioborus Setophaga Vestipedes sapphiropygia 71 77 Leptopogon versicolor, Bucco ventralis, 71 collaris collaris 117 117 29, 76 28, 65 7,8 15 ... U S NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 117 THE DISTRIBUTION OF BIRD LIFE THE URUBAMBA VALLEY OF PERU A REPORT ON THE BIRDS COLLECTED BY THE YALE... projections, they ^American Geographical Society BIRD LIFE IN THE URUBAMBA VALLEY OF PERU 13 a change in the character of the bird- life, evident even from the window of a moving train, geese (Cftloephaga)... publications of the consists of two series, United States National Museum the Proceedings and the Bulletins J The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily