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Periodic table of the elements nonmetals

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  • Cover

  • Nonmetals

  • Contents

  • Preface

  • Acknowledgments

  • Introduction

  • Overview: Chemistry and Physics Background

  • 1 Hydrogen: Ubiquitous by Nature

    • The Astrophysics of Hydrogen

    • Discovery and Naming of Hydrogen

    • A Planetary Notion: The Bohr Model

    • A Quantum Solution

    • Heavy Hydrogen: Deuterium, Tritium, and Beyond

    • The Negative Hydrogen Ion

    • The Chemistry of Hydrogen

    • Disaster in the Making: The Hindenburg Zeppelin

    • Fuel Cells: Hydrogen and the Energy Crisis

    • Hydrogen as Metal

    • Technology and Current Uses

  • 2 Carbon: The Element of Life, Coal, and Diamonds

    • The Astrophysics of Carbon

    • Earthbound: From Coal to Diamonds

    • Discovery and Naming of Carbon

    • The Chemistry of Carbon

    • The Basis of Life

    • Petroleum Deposits and Oil Depletion

    • The Carbon Cycle

    • Carbon Dating

    • Global Warming and CO2

    • Buckminsterfullerene

    • Technology and Current Uses

  • 3 Nitrogen: In the Atmosphere

    • The Astrophysics of Nitrogen

    • Discovery and Naming of Nitrogen

    • The Nitrogen Cycle: How Plants Breathe

    • The NOx Problem

    • Nitrogen Narcosis and Decompression Sickness

    • N2 Use in Automobile Tires

    • Technology and Current Uses

  • 4 Phosphorus: Fertilizers, Photosynthesis, and Strong Bones

    • The Astrophysics of Phosphorus

    • Discovery and Naming of Phosphorus

    • The P in Photosynthesis

    • Higher Yields: Phosphorus and Agriculture

    • Insecticides

    • Phosphorescence without Phosphorus

    • Phosphates and the Environment

    • Technology and Current Uses

  • 5 Oxygen: From Flames to Pollution

    • Oxygen in Stars and on Earth

    • Discovery and Naming of Oxygen

    • The Chemistry of Oxygen: From Antioxidants to Free Radicals

    • Ozone Above and Below

    • Combustion, Fire, and Explosions

    • A Recent Trend: Oxygen Bars

    • Technology and Current Uses

  • 6 Sulfur: In Mythology and Reality

    • Sulfur in Stars and on Earth

    • Discovery and Naming of Sulfur

    • The Chemistry of Sulfur: Known for Its Smell

    • From the Ancient Chinese: Gunpowder and Matches

    • Sulfites and Food Preservation

    • Technology and Current Uses

    • A Visit to Yellowstone

  • 7 Selenium: Its Relevance in Health, Photocopiers, and Solar Cells

    • Selenium in Stars and on Earth

    • The Discovery and Naming of Selenium

    • The Chemistry of Selenium

    • Toxic but Essential

    • Selenium in Glass Colorizing

    • Technology and Current Uses

    • Progress: Replaced by Silicon

  • 8 Conclusions and Future Directions

    • Understanding Patterns and Properties in the Nonmetals

    • Speculations on Further Developments

    • New Physics

    • New Chemistry

  • SI Units and Conversions

  • List of Acronyms

  • Periodic Table of the Elements

  • Table of Element Categories

  • Chronology

  • Glossary

  • Further Resources

  • General Resources

  • Index

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