Câu tường thuật Reported Speech = Indirect Speech: Khi tường thuật một câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp ta cần chú ý đến động từ tường thuật.. thì khi tường thuật, ta cần phải thay đổi t
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2018 - 2019
I Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech = Indirect Speech):
Khi tường thuật một câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp ta cần chú ý đến động từ tường thuật Có 2 trường hợp:
+ Nếu động từ tường thuật ở các thì hiện tại và tương lai [say(s), tell(s), will ask, ] thì khi tường thuật ta chỉ cần thay đôi ngôi ( thay đổi ngôi thứ nhất (I, we) và ngôi thứ 2 (you) còn ngôi thứ 3 (he, she, it, they) không đổi)
Ex 1: “ I will visit you tomorrow”, he says to me.
He tells me (that) he will visit me tomorrow.
+ Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ (said, told, asked, ) thì khi tường thuật, ta cần phải thay đổi thì, thay đổi
trạng từ chỉ thời gian - nơi chốn - từ chỉ định (nếu có)
Ex 2: She said to him “ I met your parents yesterday”.
She told me (that) she had met his parents the day before.
Trang 2- Ta giữ nguyên thì HTĐ khi diễn tã những
sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lí.
Ex: “Water boils at 1000C”, my teacher told us
My teacher told us (that) water boils at 1000C
- Khi kết hợp mệnh đề thời gian có sử dụng
thì QKĐ với QKHT hoặc QKĐ với QKTD
thì ta cũng giữ nguyên dạng của động từ.
Ex: “After I had finished my homework, I went to
bed last night”
He said after he had finished his homework, he
went to bed the night before
- Với câu điều kiện loại II, III; các loại câu
mong ước thì khi tường thuật ta giữ nguyên
Trang 3 Thay đổi từ thời gian – nơi chốn – từ chỉ định:
Tomorrow The next day/ the following day/ the day after
Next The next / the after/ the following
Report(s)/reported Tường thuật
Expect(s)/ expected Mong đợi
1 Câu kể/ câu trần thuật (Statements):
Ex: “I’m so tired”, she moaned She moaned (that) she was so tired
2. Questions (Câu hỏi):
Ask(s)/ asked + O
(Hỏi) a) Wh – questions: + Từ hỏi
Trang 4Ex 1: “What is your name?” Tom asked Susan
Tom asked Susan what her name was
Ex 2: “Are you going on a holiday tomorrow?” she asked me
She asked me if/ whether I was going on a holiday the next day
* Note: Trong trường hợp câu trực tiếp có cả câu trần thuật và câu hỏi thì khi đổi sang câu gián tiếp phần nào vẫn
cứ đi phần ấy.
Ex: “I have left my watch at home Can you tell me the time?”
He said (that) he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time
Beg(s)/ begged + O Van nài ai ai (đừng) làm gì
Urge(s)/ urged + O Hối thúc ai làm gì
Ex: “ Don’t forget to have your hair cut” His mother reminded him to have his hair cut
4 Câu tường thuật với động từ nguyên mẫu có TO (reported speech with to-inf):
a) Lời khuyên:
- S + should(n’t)/ ought not to/ had better (not) + V 0 .
- If I were you, I would(n’t) + V 0 .
- Why don’t you + V 0 .
Tường thuật:
Recommend(s)/ recommended
Ex: “If I were you, I would confess my love to him”, she said
She advised me confess my love to him
b) Lời nhắc nhở:
- Don’t forget + to_V
- Remember + to_V
Trang 5 Tường thuật:
S + Remind(s)/ reminded
Ex: “Remember to lock the door before leaving home”, my mother said
My mother reminded me to lock the door before leaving home
Ex: “Would you like to go for a walk”, Lan said to Nam
Lan invited Nam to go for a walk
d) Lời yêu cầu, ra lệnh:
- Would you mind + V_ing ?
- Would/ Could you please + V 0 ?
S +
Ask(s)/ asked Request(s)/ requested
Order(s)/ ordered
(Ra lệnh ai (đừng) làm gì)
Tường thuật:
Ex: “Would you mind waking me up tomorrow, Hoa?”, Lan says
Lan asks Hoa to wake her up tomorrow
e) Lời đề nghị làm giúp:
- Would you like me + to_V ?
- Shall I + V 0 (for you) ?
- Let me + V 0 .
Tường thuật:
S + Offer(s)/ Offered
Ex: “Would you like me to make you a glass of milk, son?”, Mrs Nhung said
Mrs Nhung offered to make her son a glass of milk
* Notes:
Trang 6- Ta còn dùng c u trúc sau: ấu trúc sau:
S + Offer(s)/ offered
Ex: “Would you like a cup of coffee, Nam?”, Minh said
Minh offered Nam a cup of coffee
- Một số động từ tường thuật được dùng ngay sau nó là một to_V chứ không có O liền sau:Hope, agree, volunteer,
promise, threaten, refuse,
Ex: “I will help you under any circumstances, Lan”
Hoa promised to help Lan under any circumstances
5 Câu tường thuật với danh động từ (V_ing) (Reported speech with Gerund):
- What about + V_ing
- How about + V_ing
Tường thuật:
S + Suggest(s/ed) + V_ing
(that) + S (+ should) + V0
b) Dạng 2: Có tân ngữ:
Trang 7S + V + O + V_ing
* Một số thành ngữ được dùng trong dạng này:
Warn S.O
against S Th
to do S.Th Prevent S.O from S.Th
Ngăn cản ai làm gì
Stop S.O from S.Th
Compliment S.O on S.Th
Khen ngợi ai về việc gì
Praise S.O for S.Th Blame
Ex: My mother congratulated me on having passed the exam
He warned the children not to swim in that lake
Trang 81 Julia said that she _ there at noon
2 He _ that he was leaving way that afternoon.
3 She said to me that she to me the Sunday before.
4 I _ him to sell that old motorbike.
5 My parents reminded me the flowers.
6 I asked Martha to enter law school.
A are you planning B is she planning C was she planning D if she was planning
7 Nam wanted to know what time .
A does the movie begin B did the movie begin C the movie begins D the movie began
8 I wondered _ the right thing.
A whether I was doing B if I am doing C was I doing D am I doing
9 The scientist said the earth the sun.
10 Peter said that if he rich, he _ a lot.
C had been – would have travelled D was – will travel
11 They said that they had been driving through the desert .
A the previous day B yesterday C the last day D Sunday previously
12 He asked the children _too much noise.
13 The man said that money _ the passport to everything.
14 The teacher said Columbus _America in 1942.
A discovered B had discovered C was discovering D would discover
15 John said he _ her since they school.
A hasn’t met – left B hadn’t met - had left C hadn’t met left D didn’t meet – has left
16 The woman asked get lunch at school.
A can the children B whether the children could C if the children can D could the children
17 Laura said that when she _ to school, she saw an accident.
A was walking B has walked C had been walking D has been walking
18 He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” - He asked why the final exam.
A she took B did she take C she hadn’t taken D she had taken
Trang 919 Ba said he some good marks the semester before.
20 They told their parents that they _ their best to do the test.
21 She asked me where I _ from.
22 She _ me whether I liked classical music or not.
23 He asked me who the editor of that book
24 He wants to know whether I _ back tomorrow.
25 I wonder why he _ love his family.
26 They asked me how many children _.
27 Thu said she had been _ the day before.
28 The student said that the English test _ the most difficult.
29 He wanted to know _ shopping during the previous morning.
A if we had been going B that if we had been going C we were going D that we were going
30 He asked me _ Robert and I said I did not know _.
A that did I know / who were he B that I knew / who he had been
C if I knew/ who he was D whether I knew / who had he been
31 The mother asked her son _.
A where he had been B whether I had been C where has he been D where had he been
32 Martin asked me _.
A how is my father B how my father is C how was my father D how my father was
33 The host asked Peter _ tea or coffee.
A whether he preferred B that he preferred C did he prefer D if he prefers
34 She asked me _ my holidays _.
A where I spent / the previous year B where I had spent/ the previous year
C where I spent / last year D where did I spend / last year
35 He advised _ too far.
A her did not go B her do not go C her not to go D she did not go
36 John often says he _ boxing because it _ a cruel sport.
A doesn’t like/ is B did not like / were C not liked / had been D had not liked / was
37 Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer _.
38 He asked _ him some money.
39 Andrew told me that they _ fish two _ days.
A have not eaten / ago B had eaten/ previous C did not eat / before D would not eat / last
Trang 1040 Jason told me that he _ his best in the exam the _ day.
A had done / following B will do / previous C would do/ following D was going / previous
41 John asked me _ in English.
A what does this word mean B what that word means
42 The mother told her son _ so impolitely.
43 She said she _ collect it for me after work.
44 She said I _ an angel.
45 I have ever told you he _ unreliable.
46 I told him _ the word to Jane somehow that I _ to reach her during the early hours.
A passing / will try B he will pass / tried C to pass/ would try D he passed / have tried
47 Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _.
48 John asked me _ interested in any kind of sports.
49 John asked me _ that film the night before.
50 The guest told the host that _
A I must go now B he must go now C he had to go now D he had to go then
B
I Choose the best answer A, B, C or D that best to complete each of the following sentences.
1 She asked me where I _ from.
2 I asked Martha _ to enter law school.
A are you planning B if she is planning C was she planning D if she was planning
3 Nam wanted to know what time _.
C does the movie begin D did the movie begin
4 Julia said that she _ there at noon.
A is going to be B was going to be C will be D can be
5 Paul asked her, “Have you got 20 pounds?” Paul asked her _ 20 pounds.
A if she got B if she had got C whether she got D whether had she got
6 He told me _ him up at six o'clock.
A please pick B to pick C should pick D I can pick
7 He said that Linda and John _ married _.
A were getting / tomorrow B are getting / the next day
C were getting / the next day D will getting / the day after
8 They asked me when _.
Trang 11A did I arrive B will I arrive C I had arrived D I can arrive
9 The farmer said, “I didn’t see her.” The farmer said _ her
A he had seen B I hadn’t seen C she didn’t see D he hadn’t seen
10 I wondered _ the right thing.
A if I am doing B was I doing C am I doing D whether I was doing
11 Charlie _ that his father was in hospital.
12 Mr Brown said, “I watched TV last night.” Mr Brown said that he _ TV the night before.
A was watching B watched C had watched D has watched
13 “I'll never make that mistake again”, Robert said Robert promised _ that mistake again.
14 “I'd like you to tell me the truth,” Lara said Lana wanted _ her the truth.
A I to tell B me to tell C me telling D me tell
15 “You should quit smoking and eat more vegetable”, said the doctor.
The doctor advised him _ more vegetable.
A to quit smoking and eat B quit smoking and eat
C to quit smoking and to eating D quitting smoking and eating
16 “Please come and join our party tonight”, said Lana Lana invited us _.
A to come and join our party tonight B to their party that night
C to come and join their party that night D to our party tonight
17 “Be aware of the dog,” said Tom Tom warned us _.
A to be aware of the dog B being aware of the dog
C we should be aware of the dog D aware of the dog
18 He asked _ him some money.
A her to lend B her lending C she has lent D she lends
19 Andrew told me that they _ fish two _ days.
A have not eaten / ago B had not eaten / previous
C did not eat / before D would not eat / last
20 John often says he _ boxing because it _ a cruel sport.
A does not like / is B did not like / were
C not liked / had been D had not liked / was
21 The host asked Peter _ tea or coffee.
A whether he preferred B that he preferred
22 The mother asked her son _.
A where he has been B where he had been
23 “Please don't tell anyone what happened," Ann said to me.
A Ann said to me please don't tell anyone what happened
B Ann told me didn't tell anyone what had happened
C Ann said me not to tell anyone what happened
D Ann told me not to tell anyone what had happened
24 “Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?” he said.
A He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night
Trang 12B He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight.
C He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight
D He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night
25 “Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon” she said.
A She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon
B She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon
C She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon
D She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon
26 “If I were you, I'd tell him the truth,” she said to me.
A She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth
B She will tell him the truth if she is me
C She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me
D She advised me to tell him the truth
27 “I'm really sorry for being late again,” said Ann.
A I felt sorry for Ann's being late again
B Ann was sorry for my being late again
C Ann excused for my being late again
D Ann apologized for being late again
28 “How beautiful the dress you have just bought is!” Peter said to Mary.
A Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress
B Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress
C Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress
D Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress
29 “Can I bring a friend to the party?” Nancy wanted to know.
A Nancy asked me if she could bring a friend to the party
B Nancy wanted to ask someone to bring her friend to the party
C Nancy knew that bring a friend to the party was good
D Nancy wanted to invite her friend out and to the party
30 She asked me, "How high is the church?"
A She asked me how high the church was
B She asked me how high is the church
C She asked me how high the church had been
D She asked me how high the church is
II
Choose the word or phrase in each of the following sentences that needs correcting
31 I asked him how far was it to the station if I went there by taxi.
Trang 1335 He advised her thinking about that example again because it needed correcting.
A B C D
III Change each of the following sentences into reported speech.
36 John said, “I want to attend a famous university.”
John said
37 “I’m looking for the book you gave me last week,” Mary said to Peter.
Mary told Peter _
38 Janet said to John, “I did not promise to send you a telegram.”
Trang 15C
1 “Open the door,” he said to them
- He told them _
2 “Where are you going?” he asked her
- He asked her where _
3 “Which way did they go?” he asked
7 “He’s not at home”, she said
- She said that
8 “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked
- The girl wanted to know _
9 “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said
- Tom told Ann
10 “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her
- He asked
11 “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked
- Thomas asked Jean _
12 Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said
- I told Mary
13 “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said
She said that _
14 “I’ll pay him if I can” she said
- She said that _
15 “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked
- She asked us _
16 “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack
- He told Jack that _
17 “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked
- Tom asked Jean _
18 “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said
- He said that. _
19 “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us
- He told us. _
20 “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him
- I asked him how long _
21 “Are you going by train?” she asked me
- She wanted to know _
Trang 1622 “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us
- She asked us _
23 “Will you come to my party?” she said to me
- She invited me _
24 “Don’t do it again,” she said to them
She told them _
25 “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked
28 “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter
- Peter asked if _
29 “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager
- The office manager wondered
30 “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John
- John advised Elizabeth _
31 “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John
- John accused _
32 “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary
- Mary accused _
33 “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs Bingley
- The nurse asked Mrs Bingley
34 “You should take more exercise, Mr Robert,” the doctor said
- The doctor advised _
35 “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself
- Tim wondered _
36 “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan
- Paul apologized _
37 “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked
- Martha asked Peter when _
38 “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother
- Anna asked _
39 “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said
- William’s mother told _
40 “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs Rogers to her son
43 “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us
- The landlady asked _