Bộ đề mẫu môn tiếng anh thi công chức tỉnh quảng ngãi đợt 2năm 2017 (3 phần)

MULTIPLE CHOICES (200) Our physical environment have an enormous impact on our well-being You will _ how to use biology and technology to maximize crop and animal production Jane, I’m sorry I am very busy now, I have _ time to answer your email at all In certain parts on the earth, women still _ water a long way to their village We are work at the moment Jessica and Jack are _ the desk My family’s picture is _ the wall It is not easy learning Chinese at home Do you think I should an evening course? Jake and Mary don’t want to _ salmon 10 All of the civil servants in the ministry had no idea who would deliver the first speech in the afternoon session of the conference, because the hosting organization so _ 11 You don’t _ come with me to the party if you are busy tonight 12 Nowadays, in both urban and rural areas, the environment is more and more polluted 13 That book is not mine It is _ , I think 14 Last week, not may people their wedding 15 My uncle is a doctor Her father is a doctor, too They are _ doctors 16 We have many blessings for those _ we are deeply grateful to 17 New York is the place people of many different cultures live and work together 18 Those strangers were wearing heavy overcoats to _ themselves against the cold 19 Feng _ eggs, bread and butter 20 When I was a child, I used to go to school _ bicycle 21 Professor Albert _ us English language 22 Young people often spend much time on _ smartphones 23 Knowing our feelings _ stress can explain what causes the stress 24 Last month, the Civil Service Commission _ a new code of conducts 25 In the movie that I saw yesterday, a lot of passengers who _ in the ship crash are still suffering from shock 26 The doctor showed them _ to some exercises 27 It _ Michael almost an hour to find a pair of shoes that fitted him 28 They should it for her as she could not it by herself 29 My children are looking forwards _ the Lunar New Year 30 Yesterday, we waited for a traditional taxi However, finally, we gave up waiting and took a Grab car 31 This type of material is normally used for _ many plastic products 32 The scientific journal on organizational sciences is _ once a month 33 _ the fact that the traffic was bad, I arrived on time 34 Jane feels like giving up her job _ the consequences she will face 35 Can you help me _ the window? 36 His dissertation is divided into five parts and each of these _ three sections 37 How you _ about the pollution problem in this area? 38 the traffic was bad, I arrived on time 39 Performance are failing _ a lack of trained workers 40 December 2012 the University Board for Teaching and Learning approved the University's Teaching and Learning Strategy 2013-2018 41 The University six teaching and learning deans who work alongside the Pro-Vice-Chancellor 42 Paris is one of the _ expensive city in the world 43 I haven't seen Peter _ today 44 Deforestation causing an alarming decrease in the amount of farming land 45 This committee in partnership with staff and the student community to inspire innovative and creative approaches to teaching and learning 46 This award is valid for _ to three years 47 Agriculture combines _ study of natural and life sciences with valuable academic and practical aspects of management 48 Tomorrow is Jane’s birthday I _ her some flowers 49 Reading is recognised _ a mark of excellence by employers The knowledge gained has allowed me to fulfil my potential 50 John filled in the application forms and _ for the job that he kept dreaming of nights and days 51 Making time to outside on a nice day also delivers a huge advantage 52 One study found that _30 minutes outside in good weather boosted one’s positive mood 53 In our modern society, stress has a habit 54 Peace isn’t something that you can easily find in just one day and then you never have to struggle hold onto 55 Scheduling ‘worry time’ is a classic intervention in CBT used to help you gain control over anxiety and worry 56 I learnt there is a quiet and calm eye to the storm, waiting for us all along 57 Toddlers _ fearless creatures when trying new things 58 It doesn’t matter she doesn’t get it right every time 59 The trouble is, everything new when you’re trying to start a new baby business like I am 60 Possible careers these degrees include farm management, animal and crop research and advisory services, and overseas development work 61 The funding from Innovate UK and BEIS will us to try to make a new batch of the new MERS vaccine candidate fast 62 I’m afraid that I won’t be able to _ something that people find valuable 63 I’m scared that even if I create something, no one would to buy it 64 It is the perfect route agriculture, sustainable rural livelihoods and related industries 65 Fear only has _ power that you give it It’s power is making you get too afraid to try something So if you’re afraid but try something any way, it doesn’t have any power 66 It is important for everyone _ learn English 67 It's time for dinner I think that you _ not go outside now 68 It's everyday anxiety that can distract us the magic of the present moment 69 Everyone struggles _fear, even if they tell you that they don’t 70 The fear of launching, of putting yourself out there, never _ away entirely 71 The reason people are able to with their self-doubt and still achieve success is that they experience it, they acknowledge it, and they keep moving 72 You have the power to set yourself _ for success 73 The reason you’re doubting is probably because you feel that the work you’re doing is so important, it should be done by a perfect human being 74 No one _ perfect, and no one else is going to the thing that you’re doing 75 Self-doubt keeps us doing _best work 76 Don’t forget to take _ break from the screen every once in a while for a breath of fresh air 77 Most of the time, the best thing you can in this situation is to steer _ the skid 78 If you’re afraid of something, of putting yourself out there, of creating a kind of connection or a promise, that’s a that you’re on the right track 79 Systematic muscle relaxation training is _strategy used in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) to reduce anxiety 80 Every decision you make has a direct impact _ your future 81 Self-doubt keeps us our best work 82 There’s no secret trick to conquer self-doubt and fear _ failure 83 It’s easier to act your way a new way of thinking, than to think your way into acting 84 Kieran Tie is a designer and marketing strategist _ helps nice folks tell their authentic story, attract more customers, and build a business and life on their terms 85 When he’s not writing his popular weekly letters, you can find him _ time with his wife and daughter in their Denver home 86 A few tweaks can transform this tiresome task a pleasurable ritual 87 The French method built around principles mostly uncommon to the American way of grocery shopping and pantry keeping 88 French citizens typically _ small refrigerators that they stock on a meal-by-meal basis 89 What the French keep in their fridge and cupboards _ most likely cover only a few days' worth of meals at a time 90 They walk to a local indoor or outdoor market, bakery, or butcher provisions 91 _ the instructor tried hard, they could not complete the project in time as they were lacking in skills and knowledge 92 Furthermore, _ French love to savour their food, each meal is its own delightful culinary adventure 93 Food manufacturers have _ that they can increase demand and sell more products if they give you more variety 94 Because American grocery stores are packed with countless options, it's easy _ fall into the hypnotizing trap set for us 95 You can't depend _ them or count on them because they are weak and only there to give you shade 96 For many of us, it’s often fun to reminisce; however, when you’re on your way to destiny you can’t afford _ spend time looking in the rear-view mirror 97 Writing things down helps _ mental clutter 98 Writing stimulates a bunch of cells at the base of the brain called the reticular activating _ (RAS) 99 Once you write a goal, your brain will be working overtime to see you get it 100 After a series of consecutive failures, Carrey wrote himself a check _ $10 million for ‘acting services rendered’, later placing the check in his wallet 101 He removed it seven years later when he a payment in the exact amount for the hit film ‘Dumb and Dumber’ 102 There’s also scientific proof that the pen is mightier the keyboard 103 Typing information your computer, laptop or mobile device is effective, it’s not as efficient as writing it down 104 There’s a connection handwriting and cognitive abilities 105 I don’t write it down, I will forget 106 On a 2014 television appearance, T.D Jakes _ down with Arsenio Hall for a candid conversation about overcoming life's difficulties 107 During their time together last year, Arsenio _ up a favourite quote by Jakes 108 It is the breaking of life that _ the blessing of life 109 Comfort often _ an amnesia effect in our lives 110 It gives us _ false sense of security 111 We mistakenly believe that we the main source of security in our lives and those around us 112 When the unexpected and we are challenged, it reminds us of our own limitations and causes us to look beyond ourselves for help 113 Self-reliance is a brittle fence that was eaten away by termites 114 It may have the appearance of strength and fortitude, but a little agitation _ its true condition 115 Hoa never takes an umbrella it’s raining heavily 116 When we _ broken, the fences we construct that have isolated us from those around us come crumbling down 117 Focusing on only a few meals a time can snap you out of this spell 118 You'll save money by only buying you need, and you'll focus on meals, not on having reserves of gimmicky snacks 119 The French choose quality over quantity where their budget _ 120 The French are known _love fresh, local, and unprocessed foods 121 French women know that is not just reserved for artists 122 France, meals are part of a two- to three-hour ritual where each morsel is meant to be enjoyed 123 of what he said was unbelievable 124 Yet when Americans buy in bulk, we aren't thinking _ all the delightful meals that we can prepare and share but rather foods that might easily be nuked in a microwave and eaten on the go 125 The French way of grocery shopping _ a healthier lifestyle 126 I the grocery store is sort of a nostalgic place 127 By re-evaluating how we're shopping and being intentional _ what we buy, food will become less of a constant battle 128 All of these practices are conducive healthy weight maintenance and nutrition 129 They also prefer eat smaller portions of foods that they truly love 130 When we cease view shopping for and eating food as tiresome chores, we rid ourselves of an unhealthy mind-set toward our daily bread 131 The content of the novel was _ complicated that it was completely incomprehensible 132 Last year, I _ hosting monthly dinners with my friends at different local restaurants, I was in the gym each morning, and I was writing on the weekends 133 I couldn’t remember last time my wife and I just sat on the couch to watch TV or share a laugh together 134 Last year, I _ an honest inventory of how I was spending my waking hours, and I accepted that I was doing too much 135 As I began to my relationship more, I told my wife that I valued her and what we were working to build 136 I found that I was no just busy; I was productive and feeling fulfilled in my personal relationships 137 Every time we say ‘yes’ to something, we’re saying ‘no’ to something 138 If we’re not careful, our relationships might suffer, our health might _ and we might end up way off our centre 139 When we fully put ourselves _ the things we care about, we reap greater rewards 140 We’re more efficient, effective, and we _ to enjoy the experience 141 Even though it might sound counter-intuitive, when we _time to focus on one thing at a time, we can be more productive 142 I don't have as much time for reading _ I would like to 143 If you commit to something, be present and show up it 144 People respect you when you’re honest _ what you want to and know where you’d rather not put your time 145 I get up early so that I have _ time to journal, meditate and write down things I’m thankful for 146 According to the recent election's results, the Democrats are smallest of the four main political parties 147 I challenge myself to be present during staff meetings I’ll silence my phone, _ notes in a notebook 148 Being more productive doesn’t _ mean just doing more 149 It means doing more of _ we care about 150 You already _ everything you need to shift where you’re putting your energy and time, and to say ‘yes’ to yourself more 151 Whether you realize it _not, people who refuse to grow with you simply can't go with you 152 At some point your life you must realize that everyone can’t go with you to the next level 153 Some people come _ your life and they are like leaves on a tree 154 If you there’s something that can be tackled the following day, hold off on placing it on your list 155 The painting was _ to be over one hundred years old 156 _ the soup so that it won’t be boil over 157 Once you’re done your list and you have more time, feel free to start on the next day’s action items 158 You're _ fire when you're focused 159 Our tendency when going through times of great difficulty is to rush _ them as quickly as possible 160 Some people like to have the windows open all the time; _ don’t 161 This resistance to be present in times of _ can lead us to miss hearing the voice of instruction 162 Slowing down us to realize that the true lesson to be learned is in the pain and not always on the other side of it 163 It’s imperative that we establish healthy boundaries _ others and make sure we’re keeping track of everything we’re planning to 164 When someone is old, he is in his second _ 165 They don't want to be alone _ themselves and they've never gotten to know themselves 166 Everything happens _ a reason 167 This simple concept not applies to love and career, but it also speaks to our everyday relationships 168 Each person that has come _our life, whether for a period of days or years, arrived along our path to serve a purpose 169 Many times, we don't fully grasp when circumstances and an individual no longer adds value to our lives 170 Most people _ difficulty figuring out what to once they realize this 171 While it may seem somewhat harsh or insensitive to ties, it is perfectly fine, and in fact, very healthy to cut people off 172 If their presence _ unsettling to your spirit, don’t ignore the signs 173 Your instincts only pick up the truth and seek to guide you accordingly 174 There comes time when things, and people no longer bring you joy or happiness 175 It is a sign that there is a need change, and you have to take the initiative to switch things up 176 A lot of rooms in the school repairing 177 Attitude is everything More so, we each have _ power to speak things into existence 178 For those with a positive outlook, the fruits _ our thoughts and actions reap positive rewards 179 For those who constantly complain or carry an attitude of ungratefulness, the atmosphere filled with gloom and negativity 180 Individuals who always _ to criticize other people show a sure sign of wasting valuable time and energy on the wrong things and, ultimately, are not deserving of yours 181 Relationships are exchange 182 It takes two people _ invested in making each other better, holding each other accountable and being of help when in need 183 Those who are always first _ the table and walk away with the most before ever leaving anything for others should take their appetite elsewhere 184 Relationships should never _ more of a burden than a blessing 185 When you start to feel used or taken advantage of, mentally or spiritually, cut it _ quickly 186 Everyone that trust is one of most essential factors in any form of relationship 187 Once it is compromised, things might never _ the same 188 Trust can take years to _ and a only a few moments to break 189 Those who claim a space in your circle must be people you find trustworthy, reliable and genuinely concerned what is best for you 190 Why you are always jealous Jane? 191 When the bond is broken or betrayal irreparably sets in, find exit 192 _ a doctor, I must advise your son to give up smoking 193 You should always surround yourself people who support you and your dreams 194 Though support comes in _ forms, the common thread is authenticity and honesty 195 a lot of other members, we managed to survive the recession 196 Those with true desire to watch you win in life don’t care to offer endless pats on the back or overlook your weaknesses 197 He doesn’t want to explain the reason _ his decision 198 Stay clear of those who bring you down rather than you up 199 All things, including people and feelings, _ C3.Most people have a (1) idea about what they want for their lives The capacity to relay that vision to others is the challenge This is something that sets apart a leader from (2) rest.The main quality that all leaders share is that they have a clear (3) _ exciting vision for the future, and the ability to communicate that vision.Only a leader can (4) _ about the future and plan for the future each day.In order to develop a clear vision andplan for your future, there are several tips to keep (5) _ minds Firstly, let communicate your vision Secondly, let motivate people (6) _ give their best It is the vision of the future possibilities, of what can be, that arouses emotion and motivates people to give their best.The most powerful vision (7) _ always qualitative, aimed at and described in terms of values and mission It is not a quantitative vision, described (8) terms of money and numbers Thirdly, let keep in mind that money is important Of course, money is important The decision and commitment to ‘be the best in the business,’ though, is far more exciting Last but not (9) _, let practice patience under pressure This is the important quality required for rapid promotion is the ability to function well under pressure, especially in a crisis.Keeping your good performance in a crisis (10) to practice patience and self-control under difficult or disappointing circumstances ##### C4.There are (1) major mental obstacles that deter financial success The most common reason is that some people believe, for whatever reason, that they don’t deserve to (2) _ rich.Some people believe that they don’t deserve to be successful and happy.Of course, this (3) _ untrue Yet, this negative way of thinking can lead to destructive financial habits These habits can be hard to break The first thing to is that you (4) change your attitude toward money Negative experiences in childhood, which are all too common, can have terrible effects For example, when people (5) succeed as the result of hard work, they feel guilty.These guilt feelings then cause them to things to get rid of the money, to throw it away They spend it or invest it foolishly They lend (6) _, lose it or give it away They engage in self-sabotage It can come in the form of overeating, excessive drinking, drug usage, marital infidelity and often dramatic personality (7) .To change your results with money, you have to change your attitude (8) it You have to make a habit of seeing money as something positive It must be courted and coaxed and flattered and treated (9) _ care and attention It gravitates toward people who respect it, value it and are capable of doing worthwhile things with it It flees from people who not understand it, or who not take proper care (10) _ it ##### C5.In a 2005 article called ‘Effects of Exercise and Diet on Chronic Disease’ it was reported that chronic illnesses in Western society (1) _ increasing and are now the leading causes of death in the modern (2) _ The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC state that the top three killers (3) _ America are heart disease, cancer and stroke as of 2007 The 2005 article also states that these chronic diseases are based (4) three main factors including genetics, diet, and physical activity levels They state that most people have the perception that genes cause chronic disease, (5) _ they state that the genetic factors are heavily influenced (6) _ the environment and lifestyle that the person lives and not solely based (7) genes Simply put, this means that if someone (8) _ a family history of disease, they not (9) _ have the same destiny (10) _ they make appropriate lifestyle changes ##### C6.The more (1) _ you invest into setting priorities before you begin a task, the faster you will get the important things done The (2) _ important and valuable the task is to you, the more motivated you are to overcome procrastination and launch yourself into the job.William Matthews said, ‘The first law of success is concentration – to bend all the energies to one point, and to go directly (3) that point, looking neither to the right or to the left’ Today, I want to share a method of (4) _-management for setting priorities that I’ve been using for years, called the ABCDE method.The ABCDE Method is (5) _ powerful priority setting technique that you can use (6) _ single day This technique is so simple and effective that it can make you one of the most efficient and effective people (7) your field The ABCDE list is a to-do-list on steroids when it comes to learning (8) to prioritize.The power of this technique lies in its simplicity because it’s so action oriented.Discipline yourself (9) _ nothing else until this one job is complete It will become one of the best time-management tools you (10) _ use ##### C7.The most powerful word (1) how to become a public speaker is “ask” The future belongs to the askers The future belongs to people who confidently ask for what they (2) _, and especially to speak to a company or organization.You can call them up (3) explain that you specialize in this subject and that you’d love to speak to their organization.Ask them for the opportunity Ask them (4) more information Ask them if they use speakers and when they will next be using a speaker again.The more you ask, the more answers you (5) .When I began my speaking career I advertised my seminars (6) _ every possible way: radio, television, newspapers and even billboards if you can imagine, and direct mail by the thousands of pieces And I did that (7) _ I was broke.I used to joke that when I started off in professional speaking I learned how to sell again I (8) my house I sold my car and my furniture I sold nearly everything trying to buy business with public advertising.You cannot get (9) engagements or even seminar attendees by simply advertising.Finally, when I had no more money I picked up the telephone and got (10) _ hold of decision makers and made appointments ##### C8.The start of a new year always represents (1) _ exciting time For many people, it feels like a fresh start – a brand new year full of brand (2) _ possibilities In preparation for a (3) _ new year, there are several things that people often as follow Firstly, before you can achieve (4) _ goals, you first have to set them.These goals should be (5) _ than the typical New Year’s resolutions that are all but forgotten by the time February rolls around; they should be serious commitments that you (6) through on for the duration of 2018.The specific goals you set is entirely up to you They could be related to your health, your relationships, your career, (7) anything between.The important part is that you choose goals that mean something to you and follow through to make those goals a reality Secondly, so far too many people remain in negative situations (8) they feel as if they are stuck there with no opportunity for escape Finally, you should learn (9) _to say ‘No’ There is such a thing as stretching ourselves too thin, and people (10) far too often guilty of agreeing to more than they can actually handle ##### C9.We often judge the (1) _ brilliant people because they’re different But we don’t need them to be normal; we need them to be brilliant.The world needs brilliance, (2) it always has It’s rare and powerful, and when it has a chance to reach its full (3) _ in just the right circumstances, we are all better off for it.But brilliance can be a challenge Those among us who march to the beat of a different drummer can be intimidating, or (4) _ strange They don’t small talk very well You might not invite them to your next dinner party They are not standard in any way.The truth (5) _, we don’t need these people to be normal or standard in any way We need them to try and fail 10,000 (6) _ to invent the next light bulb, or figure out a way to fly, or go to Mars, or improve our lives in some way that we have (7) thought of (8) _ predicted Why? Because they are brilliant (9) _they always have been, even when the rest of the world is not quite sure (10) _ to make of them ##### C10.We know the tried-and-true advice (1) optimal digestive health: Eat lots of fiber, drink tons of water and avoid greasy foods But what (2) _ the physical things you can do?David Greuner, M.D., the surgical director at NYC Surgical Associates, offers his tips (3) _ physically aiding your digestion, and suggests the yoga poses below for optimal digestion Firstly, (4) up straight Minimize your heartburn risk by sitting up straight ‘Good posture daily can help with stomach discomfort,’ Greuner says ‘After (5) _ meal, it will help your digestion if you remain upright and avoid positions such as slouching and lying down.’ Secondly, rest (6) eating Don’t partake in any strenuous activity after eating (7) _ large meal ‘You actually digest the most when you are resting, and digestion slows when in motion,’Greuner says Thirdly, strike a pose Yoga poses can help open up the abdomen, Greuner says ‘Yoga helps (8) _ your breath with many different breathing exercises By doing this, you are strengthening the diaphragm muscles, which will help prevent reflux There (9) also certain stretches that target abdominal organs, and twists (10) _ can help massage and wring out stuck intestinal toxins.’ ##### C11.I’ve written over 70 books over my 40-year career, and I can (1) you that as much as we would (2) them to, books don’t write themselves Motivation is the measurement of the energy that (3) put into any endeavor.When you write a book, you are bound (4) struggle with periods where you lack the motivation to write or experience writer’s block To combat this, you need (5) _arsenal of tools and techniques that you can use to help you overcome motivational issues like getting started writing, finding (6) _ message, or getting rid of writer’s block Writing is a job and every job needs the ‘write’ tool.First, you should (7) everyday Second, don’tedit as you write You should keep writing and (8) editing for the very end Third, get rid of distractions Get rid (9) distractions when you write Writing a book requires all of your attention Create a space where there are few if any outside distractions Your goal is to eliminate all distractions and get (10) a state of flow ##### C12.For (1) growing child, nutrition is all the more important The importance of nutrition in child development simply cannot (2) denied Since the child is still in the growing stages, all the organs are developing, and the child needs (3) _ lot of nutrition for proper growth In childhood, the importance of food and dairy products is unsurpassed Dairy products are the richest source (4) _ calcium A growing child, who is still developing the body’s bones, needs a lot of calcium Educationists all over the world (5) realized the importance of nutrition education Since children are the target of advertising for junk food manufacturers, it (6) _ important that education about food and nutrition importance be given in schools Today, the importance (7) food and nutrition is taught to students from the time they are in school This helps them in dealing with nutrition as well (8) _ their body’s needs Nutrition education can also (9) _ you find out what is dietary cholesterol, what is dietary fat, what is dietary fiber, what is dietary supplement, and what (10) dietetics ##### C13.From infancy we're taught that we need to (1) _ accountable for our actions If we hurt someone, we (2) _ apologize; if we take something that isn’t ours, we should give it back As we mature, holding others accountable (3) _ their words and actions enables us to live with purpose and integrity But what happens when those in our lives struggle with being held accountable for their (4) _? There are reasons Firstly, their word is their bond.With clear limits in place they had (5) explain their motivations in greater depth and were more likely to be bound by their word Secondly, it’s your expectationthat matters.Your expectations (6) relationships, friendships and work dynamics matter If you have respectfully asked a certain family member, for example, to stop speaking poorly (7) _ your wife, it is both justified and necessary to hold them accountable for their words Tell them what you need, how their words (8) _ your family and that you would love to be a part of their life only when your expectation for basic respect has been met.Thirdly, you love yourself and honor (9) _ limits.The more we hold (10) _ accountable for how they treat us, the better our self esteem ##### C14.Our physical environment (1) _ have an enormous impact on our wellbeing Although we don’t (2) _ complete control over our surroundings, we can make specific efforts to infuse them with positivity.Think about your office: What feelings (3) _ it inspire? People who flank their computers with pictures of loved ones aren’t just decorating—they’re (4) a hit of positive emotion each time they glance that direction Bring (5) _ framed picture of your spouse, child or closest friends to set on your desk It’ll boost your mood (6) time it catches your eye.Making time (7) _ go outside on a nice day also delivers a huge advantage One study found that spending 30 minutes outside (8) good weather not only boosted one’s positive mood but also broadened thinking and (9) working memory Don’t forget to take a break from the screen every once in a while for a breath of fresh air.You have (10) _ power to set yourself up for success ##### C15 I learned (1) accept my error I discovered the value of growing from my mistakes (2) coming to terms with missed opportunities With time, though, I have come to (3) _ that many common errors, and the regrets that follow, can (4) _ avoided With foresight and forethought, you (5) _ spare yourself the wounds that result from mistakes like these.Nothing is more limiting (6) _ being with the wrong people They drag you down, limit your growth, distract your (7) and inflict negative thinking upon you In contrast, the right people are like your personal cheerleading squad, pushing you to victory.Determine (8) _ kind of people who inspire you to be your best These include those who offer unconditional love, (9) value to me, continually grow, walk with me, and enjoy life Their optimism, enthusiasm and sense of adventure (10) contagious ##### C16.There are five character qualities (1) each side of the blocks on the Pyramid of Success that Coach Wooden referred to as the ‘mortar’ that held the other blocks together These character qualities bond (2) _ other 15 character traits and make them sturdy, solid and unshakable.The mortar on the left side of the Pyramid is made up (3) _ambition, adaptability, resourcefulness, fight and faith The mortar on (4) right side is sincerity, honesty, reliability, integrity and patience.Coach Wooden explained (5) _ strategic placement of faith and patience by describing how they are ‘leading up from competitive greatness to the top, success, according (6) _ my definition, at the apex On one side, I have patience, and on the other side, I have faith You need those two things.’ More (7) _ once, Coach said that faith and patience could be at the very top (8) the very bottom of the Pyramid He believed (9) _ these qualities are both the goals and the bedrock of what we need to maintain the other blocks on the Pyramid as we overcome obstacles on (10) _ journey to success ##### C17.High blood pressure, or hypertension, may result (1) heart failure and premature death A diet high in whole grains, poultry, fish and nuts but that limits red meat, fats, sweets and sugary drinks (2) _ the risk of developing hypertension Salt and sodium intake (3) _ also a primary contributing factor in heart disease Many processed and prepared foods (4) _ high sodium levels; avoid these products if you have any heart problems For optimal results, (5) _ a heart-healthy diet with regular aerobic exercise, which helps keep blood flowing and the heart pumping.A healthy diet provides adequate amounts of vitamins and nutrients, which (6) _ essential for growth, energy and proper development When vitamin levels are inadequate, serious health problems can result Vitamin A deficiency, for (7) _, can cause blindness in children and is particularly dangerous for pregnant women Vitamin deficiency anemia is caused by insufficient vitamin C, folate and vitamin B12 levels, leading (8) _ extreme fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, weight loss and other undesirable symptoms (9) _you think you might have a vitamin deficiency, see your doctor for some dietary suggestions, and consider taking (10) daily multivitamin ##### C18.Early in my career, I was named pastor of a church in California To my congregants it (1) _ a well-loved worship hall, steeped in tradition To me it was an overcrowded building in a less-than-desirable location.Within two years, I (2) _ the leadership into moving and expanding I found a great spot with a manageable price tag In (3) _ youthfulness and eagerness, I thought building a church was as easy as hiring an architect, (4) _ engineer and a construction firm I was so wrong.Even then California was a highly regulated state, and I encountered one blow after (5) _: Local officials nixed the first design; endangered birds restricted construction on the second We proposed building elsewhere (6) _ the property only to discover endangered plants We relocated (7) and found remnants of an (8) indigenous population Years passed (9) _ we kept doling out money, mandatory ecological studies, environmental mitigation (10) _, costly new building codes ##### C19.Research from the University of Michigan (1) _ that the right dose of constructive criticism is actually one (2) _ the biggest factors in predicting a high-performing team And research from John Gottman, Ph.D., a top relationship researcher, also found (3) _ is a sweet spot for how much criticism helps keep relationships alive.Both teams of researchers arrived (4) _ a similar conclusion: In order to keep (5) relationship or work team performing well, five or six positive interactions (6) needed for every one criticism or negative interaction.Criticism, (7) _ delivered thoughtfully, helps teams perform better and helps people improve their behavior It (8) _ wakes people up and makes them realize they can’t be complacent If people on your team are doing a terrible job, they deserve (9) _ know so they can improve their work And if your partner is acting in a way that upsets you, he or she should know why.Keeping this research in mind, here are a (10) tips for delivering criticism ##### C20.Often, hearing the words, ‘We need to talk’ from (1) _ boss, partner or friend sends you (2) _ panic mode If you hate hearing about the things you’ve done wrong (3) the mistakes you’ve made, you’re not alone We don’t like being criticized, (4) _ honest feedback is one of the most valuable tools we have for self-improvement Criticism hurts for (5) reason, and the explanation lies in neuroscience In order to keep us alive, our brains have evolved to react much more strongly (6) negative things The brain has evolved this way for a good reason: to keep us safe Just as 20,000 years ago, the brain (7) _ trying to keep hunter-gatherers safe from warring tribes, your brain reacts the (8) way to a critical comment from your spouse or boss.But just because that negative feedback hurts, (9) your partner have avoided giving it? And should you avoid doing the same?No way! As long as you put a little bit of thought (10) _ it ##### READING COMPREHENSION (10) C1 The main elements required for survival are food, fire, shelter and water Their order of importance will depend upon where you happen to be In the desert, water will head the list.Water is the most common liquid on Earth It covers about 71.4% of the Earth Pure water has no smell, taste, or color Water is the main component of drinks like milk, juice, and wine Water is very important for life but it is something that most people in the modern world take for granted They are so used to turning on a tap that until an extreme drought causes water rationing they seldom think about it Yet the survivor at sea, or after a flood, though surrounded by water, may be desperate for drinkable water And there are many places where, unless it rains, no obvious water is available Although there could be other survival necessities to deal with, water is always universally important ##### C2.Solar collectors absorb heat from the sun’s rays They can be used to effectively heat and cool buildings The most common type of collector for space heating is a flat plate designed to absorb both radiation falling directly on it, as well as radiation scattered by the atmosphere Collectors are usually panels of aluminum, copper, or steel The collector is covered with glass or plastic This layer allows short-wave radiation or light to enter the collector As the radiation passes through the glass or plastic, it is transformed from short-wave radiation to long-wave radiation – or heat A transfer agent (air or water) is circulated through the collector and becomes heated As it leaves the collector and travels through the heating ducts of a house, it warms the air inside the house or brings hot water to sinks, tubs, and appliances With solar collectors, storage is a problem: great amounts of heat must be stored for nighttime use and for use during cloudy days ##### C3 When you visit a supermarket you probably think you know exactly what you are going to buy, but the truth is you are very easily persuaded Over half the decisions you make are made suddenly, on impulse, while you are inside the store, so it is important that a product is displayed in an eye-catching position if it is to have any chance of success Today’s supermarkets invest millions of pounds in powerful computer, which tell them what product sells best and where “Space management” is the name given to a highly complicated way of influencing the way we shop to make sure that stores make the maximum profit You walk into a supermarket You pull out a trolley and stare up and down row after row of packed shelves You step out into the aisles You are faced with possibly the widest choice of food and drink in the world But over the next hour or so, you will shop in a completely predictable way This is what the space management teams who work for supermarkets have found out They believe that everything depends on the following rules about our behavior in supermarket ##### C4.Fires play an important role in the natural changes that occur in Earth's ecosystems The diversity of plant and animal life in the world's forests, prairies, and wetlands is (partly) dependent on the effects of fire.It results when matter burns beyond its combustion point and it releases energy in form of heat energy.Fire has been important for the survival of man in the following ways Firstly, fire is used for cooking food.Most of the food we eat is usually cooked Eating raw food has been in the decrease due to health concerns Secondly, fire is used for boiling water Water is another important part of our life Most of the water sources like rivers are not protected and this creates chances of water contamination Boiling, instead of use of chemicals in water treatment will save you the side effects which come along with excessive use of chemicals For many other reasons, fire is important to human’s life ##### C5 In the 16th century, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal After he was dismissed from service by the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America Finally, they found the passage they sought near 50 degrees S latitude Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today it is known as the Strait of Magellan.Later, Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle Only one ship and 17 sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge ##### C6.Marie Curie, who was born in 1867 in Warsaw, Poland, was one of the most accomplished scientists in history At an early age, she displayed a brilliant mind.Marie was fortunate to have studied at the Sorbonne with some of the greatest scientists of her day, one of whom was Pierre Curie Marie and Pierre were married in 1895 and spent many productive years working together in the physics laboratory A short time after they discovered radium, Pierre was killed by a horse-drawn wagon in 1906 Marie was so depressed The fact that she had two young daughters to raise by herself greatly increased her distress.Curie's feeling of desolation finally began to fade when she was asked to succeed her husband as a physics professor at the Sorbonne She was the first woman to be given a professorship at the world-famous university In 1911 she received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for isolating radium Although Marie Curie eventually suffered a fatal illness from her long exposure to radium, she never became disillusioned about her work Regardless of the consequences, she had dedicated herself to science and to revealing the mysteries of the physical world ##### C7.Many great inventions are initially greeted with disbelief The invention of the airplane was no exception Although many people who heard about the first powered flight on December 17, 1903 were excited and impressed, others reacted with peals of laughter The idea of flying an aircraft was repulsive to some people Such people called Wilbur and Orville Wright, the inventors of the first flying machine, impulsive fools Negative reactions; however, did not stop the Wrights In 1900 and 1901, the Wrights tested numerous gliders and developed control techniques In 1903 the Wrights built their first airplane, which cost less than $1,000 When they started the engine on December 17, the airplane pulsated wildly before taking off The plane managed to stay aloft for 12 seconds, however, and it flew 120 feet By 1905, the Wrights were successful They created the first airplane that could turn, circle, and remain airborne for half an hour at a time This was the first plane with the full-size machine that could fly under its own power As the contributors of one of the most outstanding engineering achievements in history, the Wright brothers are accurately called the fathers of aviation ##### C8 Reading is becoming more and more important in the new knowledge economy and remains the most effective human activity for transforming information into knowledge.If top readers read at speeds of above 1000 words per minute (wpm) with near 85% comprehension, they only represent 1% of readers Average readers are the majority and only reach around 200 wpm with a typical comprehension of 60%.The average reader is five times slower than the good reader Things are even worse if we consider reading efficiency as well as speed.There are three possible ways to improve reading The fastest is probably a speed reading seminar based upon good materials and animated by a dynamic instructor.A book about speed reading is the second possibility Such a book usually provides speed and comprehension tests as well as techniques to improve reading.Finally, a speed reading computer program is probably the most efficient way to achieve top reading levels This is the task that seminars and speed-reading books usually leave up to the reader ##### C9 There are many reasons to use alternative energy sources One reason is to reduce pollutants and greenhouse gases Alternative or renewable energy sources help to reduce the amount of toxins that are a result of traditional energy use These alternative energy sources help protect against the harmful byproducts of energy use and help to preserve many of the natural resources that we currently use as energy sources There are many alternative energy sources: wind power, solar power, geothermal power, and hydroelectric power are some examples Wind power is the ability to capture the wind in a way to propel the blades of wind turbines When the blades rotate, this movement is switched into electrical current with the help of an electrical generator In older windmills, wind energy turned mechanical machinery to the physical work like crushing grain to make bread or pumping water to get water Wind towers are built on wind farms, and usually there are several towers built together Wind towers are built on windfarms, and usually there are several towers built together In2005, the worldwide use of wind-powered generators wasless than 1% of all of the electricity use combined ##### C10 Solar energyis an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on how they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power It is used for heating, cooking, making electricity, and even taking salt out of saltwater so the water can be drinkable and used for additional purposes that not need the salt Solar power uses sunlight that hits the solar thermal panels to convert the sunlight to heat either air or water Other methods of using solar power include simply opening up blinds or shades and letting thesunlight pass into the room or using some type of mirror to eat water and produce steam One advantage of solar power is that it is renewable As long as there is sunlight, you will be able to harness the power from it There is also no pollution and it can be used efficiently to heat and light things You can see the benefits of solar energy in heating swimming pools, spas, and water tanks in many cities across the country ##### C11 Geothermal means ‘earth heat’ Geothermal energy is heat energy is generated and stored in the Earth Hot rocks under the ground help to heat water to produce steam If holes are dug in this area of the ground, then the steam shoots up and is purified and used to drive turbines, which in turn gives power to electric generators.Thermal energy determines the temperature of matter The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet and from radioactive decay of materials The advantages of this type of energy is that there are no harmful by-products, it is self-sufficient once the geothermal plant is built, and the plants are generally small so there is no negative visual effect on the area surrounding the plant.The geothermal gradient, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface ##### C12 Hydroelectric energy comes from the potential energy of water that is dammed up supplies energy to a water turbine and generator Another example of hydroelectric energy is to make use of tidal power Today, electric generators can be powered by hydro-power that can run backwards as a motor to pump water for later use An advantage is that you can control the use of the energy by controlling the water You can also generate water all the time as there are no outside forces that prevent this from happening Furthermore, there is no pollution in using this type of energy In fact, you can reuse the water that is used for hydroelectric power Thedisadvantages are that dams are expensive to build and maintain There also needs to be a powerful enough supply of water in the area to produce energy ##### C13 A job, or occupation, is a person's role in society More specifically, a job is an activity, often regular and often performed in exchange for payment for a living Many people have multiple jobs (e.g., parent, homemaker, and employee) An activity that requires a person's mental or physical effort is work (as in ‘a day's work’) The two may differ in that one usually retires from their career, versus resignation or termination from a job.Most people spend up to forty or more hours each week in paid employment Jobs can be categorized as paid or unpaid Examples of unpaid jobs include volunteer, homemaker, mentor, student, and sometimes intern.Jobs can be categorized by the level of experience required: entry level, intern, and co-op.Some jobs require specific training or an academic degree.Those without paid full-time employment may be categorized as unemployed or underemployed if they are seeking a full-time paid job ##### C14.If standard of living is your number one objective, quality of life almost never improves But if quality of life is your number one objective, standard of living invariably improves Life can be overwhelming.The tough times can seem overbearing Usually, we want to throw our hands up in silent resignation and utter the words, ‘I give up’ However, you can improve the quality of your life by making a few small adjustments to your routines by altering your behavior and your way of thinking And keep in mind that you’re not alone; we all go through long periods of frustration, anxiety, fear, upset, and worry.It’s not difficult to overcome some of our natural tendencies to slip into a state of marginal depression Sometimes, life doesn’t turn out the way we want it to By improving our habits, we can improve the quality of our lives on multiple spectrums ##### C15 Quality of life, as defined here, is the sum total of your health, happiness, vitality, leisure, and income This formulaic approach helps to paint a better picture of the overall quality that people are subjected to Yet, many people simply define their quality of life by the amount of money they have Now, money does make the world go round People with access to money and resources can most certainly improve many areas of their lives But studies proved that those same people aren’t statistically that much happier An increase in income only equates to a temporary improvement of happiness Eventually, happiness levels baseline again Think about it in your past Maybe you received promotion you were hoping for or you landed a dream job For a short period, you were happy But it was fleeting Happiness doesn’t last forever when it comes to monetary gains, and it’s not the full picture While money does give you access to ‘things,’ there’s a reason why the saying ‘The best things in life are free,’ exists ##### C16 In 1971, behavioral psychologists, Donald T Campbell and Phillip Brickman, coined the term, ‘Hedonic Treadmill,’ also known as ‘Hedonic Adaptation.’ The term makes reference to the natural tendencies for humans to revert back to a set point of happiness after major changes – either positive or negative – to their lives The Hedonic Set Point, then, is a baseline of happiness that we all have, which we tend to revert to, even after things like a traumatic event or a major windfall of cash through say a lottery winning In a study published by Campbell and Brickman, they showed that both lottery winners and paraplegics all returned to a baseline level of happiness some time after the event They further argue that we all have a baseline Hedonic Set Point, which is determined through hereditary means and experiential knowledge And, although the baseline level of happiness might be different for everyone, the concept is very important to understanding the root of happiness and improving the quality of your life ##### C17 Studying abroad may be one of the most beneficial experiences for a college student By studying abroad, students have the opportunity to study in a foreign nation and take in the allure and culture of a new land Here is a list of the top 10 reasons to study abroad! The biggest reason you should consider a study abroad program is the opportunity to see the world By studying abroad, you will experience a brand-new country with incredible new outlooks, customs and activities The benefits of studying abroad include the opportunity to see new terrains, natural wonders, museums and landmarks of your host nation In addition, when you’re abroad, you won’t be limited to traveling in just the nation in which you are studying – you can see neighboring countries as well! For example, if you study in France, you’ll have the option to travel through various parts of Europe including London , Barcelona , and Rome ##### C18.When people's standard of living increase, they often think about improving their knowledge for a better life To that, they choose to study in developed countries where they can get progressive education However, everything has its advantages and disadvantages, studying abroad is not an exception In my opinion, I think studying abroad is the beat way to improve ourselves As you know, there are obvious advantages to study abroad Firstly, we have chance to improve our language Furthermore, we have opportunities to study the new technologies and most recent science achievements In addition, we are equipped with the valuable and updated knowledge, which may help us find jobs easily after graduating However, studying abroad is often expensive Last but not least, adapting to a new environment is a real challenge for every foreign student While studying abroad offers great opportunities for a better future, it also has challenges that we must try our best to overcome what happened to make our dream come true Therefore, if you have a chance I think you should take that chance to study abroad ##### C19 Everyday we have to make decisions about what kind of food we want to eat and what kind of nutrition every food product will provide It’s the nutritional choices that we make every day that will determine how healthy we will be in the long run Too much food can make us obese, while too little nutrition can lead to malnourishment The right foundation to good health is to choose food products that are rich in nutrients and have a balanced amount of nutrients like vitamins, minerals, protein, carbohydrates and a little bit of fat as well If you choose your foods wisely, you will be able to enjoy the experience of eating, as the right foods will help you remain healthy You must choose food products that nourish your body Some of the foods that you want to include in your meals are whole grains that are rich in fiber, lean meats, poultry, fish, eggs, beans and nuts; low-fat yogurt, milk and cheese; bright and colorful vegetables, as research indicates that a variety of colorful veggies contain a broad spectrum of essential nutrients, and fruits; and, fresh fruit juice without additives or sugar ##### C20.What is Diet? In the simplest terms, your diet is what you eat Any diet consists of two main aspects: what you eat and how much of it? To maintain a healthy weight, medical and nutritional authorities have prepared a nutrition food chart that gives the list of foods that are essential for the body as well as the amount of nutrients that we need to consume in order to remain healthy When you are trying to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight, it is important that you give due consideration to both the quality and the quantity of your diet The importance of food and nutrition cannot be stressed enough Our bodies are made up of various cells and organs All of these require nutrition in order to function normally The importance of nutrition can be assessed by the simple fact that if we not get proper nutrition, the body begins to wear out and shows signs of neglect The importance of food in health simply cannot be stressed enough There is an age old adage that says ‘you are what you eat’ This is indeed true Your body constitution changes when you change your diet Food not only impacts our physical appearance and our physical health but also the way we think and behave ##### ... successful and happy.Of course, this (3) _ untrue Yet, this negative way of thinking can lead to destructive financial habits These habits can be hard to break The first thing to is that you (4) ... for a breath of fresh air 77 Most of the time, the best thing you can in this situation is to steer _ the skid 78 If you’re afraid of something, of putting yourself out there, of creating a kind... vision to others is the challenge This is something that sets apart a leader from (2) rest.The main quality that all leaders share is that they have a clear (3) _ exciting vision for the future,