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American English File Second Edition retains the popular methodology developed by worldrenowned authors Christina LathamKoenig and Clive Oxenden: language + motivation = opportunity. With grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation practice in every lesson, students are equipped with a solid foundation for successful speaking. And a new array of digital resources provides even more choice and flexibility. Students can learn in the classroom or on the move with Online Practice, iChecker, the Pronunciation App, and more.
SECOND EDITION American ENGLISH FILE Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden O XFO RD American ENGLISH FILE Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of English File and English File O XFO RD U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS Contents G ram m ar V o c ab u lary P ronunciation A Questions and answers question formation figuring out meaning from context friendly intonation, showing interest B Do you believe in it? auxiliary verbs; the the + comparatives compound adjectives, modifiers intonation and sentence rhythm 12 COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH Talking about interviews, On the street 14 A Call the doctor? present perfect simple and continuous illnesses and injuries /ʃ/> /dp ItJ7, and /k/; word stress 18 B Older and wiser? using adjectives as nouns, adjective order clothes and fashion vowel sounds 22 REVIEW & CHECK 1&2 Short movie The history o f surgery 24 A The truth about air travel narrative tenses, past perfect continuous; so / such that air travel regular and irregular past forms, sentence rhythm 28 B Incredibly short stories the position of adverbs and adverbial phrases adverbs and adverbial phrases word stress and intonation 32 M i COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH 2&3 Talking about books On the street 34 A Eco-guilt future perfect and future continuous the environment, the weather vowel sounds 38 B Are you a risk taker? zero and firs t conditionals, future time clauses expressions with take sentence stress and rhythm 42 REVIEW & CHECK 3&4 M i Short movie The Weatherman 44 A The survivors'club unreal conditionals feelings word stress in 3- or 4-syllabie adjectives 48 B It drives me crazy! structures after wish expressing feelings with verbs or -ed / -ing adjectives sentence rhythm and intonation 52 ■ < COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH 4&5 Talking about waste, On the street G ram m ar V o c a b u la ry P ro n u n c ia tio n 54 A Music and emotion gerunds and infinitives music words that come from other languages 58 B Sleeping Beauty used to, be used to, get used to sleep sentence stress and linking 62 REVIEW & CHECK 5&6 ■ < Short movie The Sleep Unit past modals: must, might/may, should, can't, couldn't + have, etc.; would rather verbs often confused weak form of have verbs of the senses the body silent letters the passive (all forms); it is said that , he is thought to , etc.; have something done crime and punishment the letter u reporting verbs the media word stress 64 A Don’t argue! 68 B Actors acting 72 ■ < COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH 6&7 Talking about acting, On the street 74 A Beat the robbers and the burglars 78 B Breaking news 82 REVIEW & CHECK 7&8 ■ < Short movie The Speed o f News 84 A Truth and lies clauses of contrast and purpose; whatever, whenever, etc advertising, business changing stress on nouns and verbs 88 B uncountable and plural nouns word building: prefixes and suffixes word stress with prefixes and suffixes 92 Megacities COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH 8&9 Talking about advertising, On the street 10 94 A The dark side of the moon quantifiers: all, every, both, etc science stress in word families 98 B The power of words articles collocation: word pairs pausing and sentence stress 102 REVIEWS CHECK 9&10 U i Short movi e 3D printing 104 Communication 132 113 Writing 152 Vocabulary Bank 120 Listening 164 Appendix - gerunds and infinitives Grammar Bank 165 Irregular verbs 166 Sound Bank G question fo rm a tio n V figuring out meaning from context P friendly intonation, showing interest 1A Questions and answers READING & SPEA K IN G a Look at the photos o f Benedict Cum berbatch and Elisabeth M o ss and read their biographical info Have you seen any o f the TV show s or m ovies that they have been in? W hat did you think o f them? b Now read the interviews and match questions A - G with their answers A IIow you relax? B W hat don’t you like ab ou t your ap p earan ce? C What’s your earliest m em ory? D W hat m ak es you unhappy? E I f you could edit your p a st, what you think you would change? F W hat w as your m ost em b arrassin g m om ent? G Who would you m ost like to say sorry to? c R ead the interview s again u sin g the glossary to help you A nsw er the questions with B C (Benedict Cum berbatch) or E M (Elisabeth M oss) W h o ? I had an em barrassing experience as a child [ I finds it hard to make decisions avoids answering one o f the questions 1 had a dangerous experience when they were traveling abroad [ had a dangerous experience when they were young d Every week the newspaper, The G u ard ian , chooses people who have been in the news recently and publishes a short interview with them called Q&A Benedict Cumberbatch The actor w as b o m in London in 1976 lie h as starred in m any su ccessfu l TV shows and m ovies, including Sherlock, War Horse, S t a r Trek, and The Hobbit W hat’s one o f your h app iest m em ories? Sitting with the sun on my face the morning after I had been in a carjacking in South Africa When I was six, I got stung by a w asp in a G reek m arket A woman rubbed an onion on my bottom What don’t you like about your personality? I’m im patient, but also indecisive What is your gre ate st fear? Forgetting people’s nam es _ The size and sh ap e of my head People say I look like Sid from Ice Age What costum e would you w ear to a costum e party? I enjoyed wearing ban dages around my face as the Invisible Man at the last one I went to People got to know me without recognizing me often hesitates when they’re speaking was fond o f a kind o f flower when they were a child Which w ords or p h rases you m ost overuse? I say “ E rm ” too much I has a favorite decade W hat one thing would improve the qu ality of your life? Better tim e m anagem ent W hich o f the questions in the interview s you think is ? • too personal to ask a person who you don’t know well Harrison Ford, US a cto r I • the m ost interesting • the m ost boring e I’m n ot thrilled about answering questions like ‘If you were being mugged, and you had a lightsaber in one pocket and a whip in th e other, which would you use?’ C h o o se six questions from Q& A to ask your partner I might not have called Trevor Nunn, the famous director, “Adrian” at my first audition for him G R A M M A R question formation a N ow read the questions in l b again and answ er the questions below w ith a partner Which questions are examples o f ? • a subject question, where there is no auxiliary verb • a question that ends with a preposition • a question that uses a negative auxiliary verb W hat happens to the word order in the question What would you change? when you add you think after what? b > - p 132 G ram m ar Bank 1A Learn m ore about question form ation, and practice it P R O N U N C IA TIO N friendly intonation, showing interest a Elisabeth Moss The ac tre ss was born in C aliforn ia in 1982 She h a s been in several very su ccessfu l US TV dram as, including The West Wing and M ad Men, for which she won an Em m y award 4))) Listen to som e people asking questions 1-5 W ho sou n ds friendlier and m ore interested each time, a or b? Do you h a v Q ja b i g f a m i ly ? W h a t d o n ’t you lik q ^ b o u t the p la c e where you liv e ? _ G oing out into the backyard of my home in LA and pretending to build a vegetable garden with stick s and rocks I m ust have been five W h a t s p o r t $ J r g a m e $ j3 r e you g o o c jja t ? Which living person you most admire? T his is kind of cheesy, bu t my mom you t h i n k you h a v q ja h e a l t h y d ie t ? W h a t m a k e s you f e e l h a p p y ? Which living person you m ost d e sp ise, and why? I won’t say his name Not getting enough sleep b _ To a really good girlfriend who I lost touch with when I was little I would love to see her again c If you could go b ack in tim e, where would you go? To a 1930s jazz club in New York City I love the art deco period - the jewelry, the clothes, the music driver of a car to take you somewhere or give you their car Emmy an award similar to the Oscars, but for TV cheesy informal too emotional or romantic in a way that is embarrassing, e.g., a cheesy love song Adapted from The Guardian Reacting to what someone says When you ask someone a question and they answer, it is normal to show interest by saying, e.g., Really? or How interesting! w ith a friendly intonation or by asking a question 16))) N ow listen to the questions in a conversation Com plete the expression s or questions that the m an or w om an use to react to the answ ers Wow ! T hat’s a huge family ? W hat’s wrong with them? _ I am a big fan of getting a box set and watching the entire show in two or three weeks I’m watching The So pran os at the moment, because I m issed it when it first cam e out Glossary carjacking the crime o f forcing the 15))) Listen and repeat the questions with friendly intonation Focus on sentence stress and linking O W hat is your favorite sm ell? Jasm in e I grew up in L o s A ngeles, in the hills, and there w as alw ays jasm in e growing W hat h as been your m ost frightening experience? W hen I w as little, was on a lake in the US and got caught underneath a rowing boat T hat was pretty scary ! We could play a game one day ! How long have you been a vegan? ? I can't think o f anything worse! d 17))) Listen and repeat the responses C o p y the intonation e A sk and answ er the questions with a partner U se friendly intonation, and react to your partn er’s answ ers Online Practice 1A READING & VO C A B U LA R Y a Look at the photo w ith the article W hat you think is h appening? D o you think the question is one that som eone m ight really ask in this situation? W hy (not)? b R ead the article once and find out How w ould yon answ er the question? P Guessing the meaning of new words and phrases When you are reading and find a word or phrase you don’t know: Try to guess the meaning from the context (e.g., the other words around it) Think also about what part o f speech the unknown word is (e.g., a verb, an adjective, etc.), whether it is similar to another English word you know, or whether it is similar to a word in your language If you s till can’t figure out what the word or phrase means, either ignore it and continue reading or use a dictionary (or glossary if there is one) to help you HOME / NEWS / US NEWS / SOCIETY E x t r e m e in te r v ie w s WHAT kind of dinosaur are you? If you answered Tyrannosaurus rex, then the bad news is that you probably won’t get the job you’re applying for Comment Print ı Welcome to the strange world of extreme interviewing, the latest trend in which interviewers throw bizarre questions at candidates to see how they react s It may seem like a game, but extreme interviewing is deadly serious The idea is to see how quickly job seekers think on their feet and, at a time when 25 percent o f recent graduates are unemployed, it offers employers io a new way of separating the brilliant candidates from the merely very good So, what kind of dinosaur would you be? A Tyrannosaurus rex\ This new approach to selecting candidates comes from Silicon Valley in California — where else? Google, famous for its demanding is interview process, asked a recent candidate: “You are stranded on a desert island You have 60 seconds to choose people o f 10 professions to come with you Who you choose? Go!” 20 One o f the early pioneers of extreme interviewing was Steve Jobs, cofounder o f Apple, who could be famously cruel with job seekers Faced once with a candidate he considered boring, Jo b s suddenly pretended to be a chicken, flapping his arms and making clucking noises around the unfortunate applicant, waiting to see what he would In fact, the secret to extreme interviewing is neither in the question nor the answer It is in the candidate’s reaction David Moyle, a headhunter with the recruitment agency Eximius Group, who admits to using the dinosaur 25 question when selecting candidates, said: “ Essentially, that kind of interviewing is used by us to give someone an opportunity to show they are smart and not easily flustered.” “Most candidates actually get something out o f it, it’s not about trying to crush them We are trying to give them an opportunity to show their personality, rather than just showing how they perform in an interview.” O f course, getting the job is just the start In the modern business world, survival will depend on what kind 30 o f dinosaur you realiv are 1A Glossary Silicon Valley the informal name for the region in northern California where many o f the world’s largest technology corporations are based headhunter a person whose job it is to find people with the necessary skills to work for a company and to persuade them to join that company Adapted from The Sunday Times c R ead the article again carefully With a partner, try to figure out w hat the highlighted w ords and p h rases m ight m ean and how you think they are pronounced d Now match the w ords and phrases with 1-10 skill LIS TEN IN G adj needing a lot o f effort and adj nervous and confused, especially because you have been given a lot to or are in a hurry adj very strange or unusual ITO1 to be able to think and react to things very quickly without any preparation a noun a way o f doing or thinking about something phrase instead of Have you ever been to a job interview? W hat kind o f questions did they ask you? D id you get the job? b ))) Listen to five people talkin g about a stran ge question they verb to destroy som ebody’s confidence noun a specialist company that finds and interviews candidates to fill job vacancies in other companies noun people who are looking for a job 10 verb moving something quickly up and down, e.g., wings e 18))) Listen and check Underline the stressed syllables f were asked in job interview s Com plete the questions in the first colum n What strange question were they asked? How did they answer? What happened in the end? Do you still ? What would make you a ? U sing your ow n w ords, answ er the questions with a partner are you? How much vou ? What are extreme interviews? What kind o f companies first started using them? would you like to be reincarnated as? Are you planning to ? Why some people think that they are better than norm al interviews? g D o you think extrem e interview s are a good way o f ch oosing candidates? W hich o f the questions below (used in real interviews) you think would work well? Why? On a scale of 1-10, how weird Which TV are you? character are you m ost like? Does life fascinate you? If you were a car, w hat car would you be? Room, desk, or c a rwhich you dean first? Can you name three Lady Gaga songs? c L isten again and take notes in the rest o f the chart d W hich o f the questions did you think were good o r bad to ask at an interview? SPEA K IN G a > - Com m unication Extrem e interviews A p.104 B p.110 A sk your partner extrem e interview questions b W rite three extrem e interview questions o f your own that you think m ight tell you som ething interesting about another person c A sk your questions to as m any other students a s possible and answ er theirs d W hich questions did you think were the m ost interesting? Why? Online Practice 1A G auxiliary verbs; the the + com paratives V compound adjectives, modifiers P intonation and sentence rhythm IB For those who believe, no proof is necessary For those who don’t believe, no proof is possible Do you believe in it? S tu a rt Chase, US a u th o r READING & LISTEN IN G a Look at the beginn ing o f two true stories W hat you think they m ight have in com m on? b ^ -C o m m u n ic a tio n Work in pairs A and B and read two stories A read Noises in the Night on p 104 B go to p 109 and read The Strange Object on the Hill HARD TO BELIEVE? BUT IT HAPPENED TO M E Have you ever experienced a paranormal happening? W rite and tell us about it NOISES IN THE NIGHT THE STRANG E OBJECT O N THE HILL bout six months ago, my husband Russ and I moved into a house in the country Our house is the middle one of three row houses and it's more than a hundred years old A young couple lives in the house on our right, but the house on our left was empty and for sale T A c Now read the begin n in g o f another true story W ould you have been happy for Fatos to read your coffee cup? W hy (not)? his happened when I was 16, and I can still remember it vividly It was a clear morning, sunny but with a breeze I was going to meet a school friend to go walking in the hills where there were some wonderful views I'd agreed to meet him at the top of one of the hills THE COFFEE CUP READING went to Turkey a few years ago with a colleague named Chris We'd been sent there to train secondary school teachers in a school on the outskirts of Istanbul While ı was there, ı decided to go and see an old friend of mine, a young Turkish woman named Fatos, who ı hadn't seen for several years I called her and we agreed to meet in a hotel in the center of Istanbul Chris came too, and the three of us had a very nice dinner together After dinner we ordered Turkish coffee and we talked for a while, until Fatos suddenly asked me, "would you like me to read your coffee cup?" I refused politely because, to be honest, I don't really believe in clairvoyants and fortune-telling But Chris immediately said he would be happy for her to read his coffee cup Adam I d 10))) Listen to the rest o f The C offee Cup Rending and answ er the questions b What were the first two things Fatos saw in C hris’s coffee cup? Were they accurate? A L7I to add emphasis B □ What was the third thing she saw? How did C hris and Adam react to this? Who did C h ris’s mother live with? Where did C hris go the next morning? Who called Adam ? Why? What was the bad news? How did Fatos react to what had happened? How does Adam feel about the experience? e ID)) Listen to som e extracts from the story and com plete the m issin g w ords Try to figure out w hat they mean D [ ] to show surprise E HU to say that you are the same c a b last night You did? So did I How spooky! a ı don’t b ı dreamed th a t ı saw a ghost believe in fortune-telling you don’t? I b R epeat the dialogues with a partner, copying the rhythm and intonation c C om plete sentences -8 so that they are true for you I’m not very good a t (activity) I’m going t o tonight, (verb phrase) Which of the three stories you find the spookiest? Can you think o f any possible explanation fo r w hat happened in each story? I love (a kind o f music) I don’t like (a kind o f food) Have you (or anybody you know) ? • seen or heard something th a t can’t be explained, e.g., a UFO o ghost • visited a fortune-teller, psychic, or fa ith healer • had a surprising coincidence Reacting to a story about something strange When somebody talks about something strange or d iffic u lt to explain, we o fte n react w ith these phrases How / That’s strange; bizarre; odd; weird; spooky 14))) Listen to the dialogues N otice the stressed auxiliary verbs a Talk in sm all groups P V - p 3 Gram m ar Bank IB Learn m ore about using auxiliary verbs, and practice them PRONUNCIATION intonation and sentence rhythm It w as a slightly end to what had been a very enjoyable evening So, w as it just a ? S P EA K IN G to say that you are different C [_I to check information Well, Carla, Chris's girlfriend at the time, was blond, so that w a s , too But C hris is a very - kind o f person, and he didn't seem to be too worried by what she’d said I always used to be very about fortune-telling 12))) Listen and check In p airs, decide which auxiliary (1 -5 ) is u sed I’ve never read (a fam ous book) I’d love to live in (a town or country) 1was very as a child, (adj o f personality) I didn't last night, (verb phrase) d Work in pairs A and B A read your sentences to B B respond with a reply question and then say w hether you are the sam e or different Then sw itch roles e 15))) Listen to another dialogue Is stressed in the highlighted phrases? G R A M M A R auxiliary verbs a Look at the dialogues and try to fill in the blanks with a [+] or auxiliary (do, did, is, was, etc.) A I heard a noise in the middle o f the night B You ? What kind o f noise? A You don’t believe in g h o sts,2 you? B No, I don’t A I don't believe you really saw a UFO B 13 see one! It couldn’t have been anything else A fve never been to a fortune-teller B N either'1 I C 15 It was really interesting! A You don’t like horror movies, you? B I like them It's ju st th a t sometimes they’re too scary! f R epeat the dialogue with a partner, copying the rhythm and intonation g > - Com m unication You’re psychic, aren’t you? A p.105 B p.109 M ake g u esses about your partner 16))) SO NG Unbelievable Jl Online Practice IB V O C A B U LA R Y BANK Air travel TRAVEL, TRIP, OR JOURNEY? AT T H E AIRPO RT a M a tc h th e w o rd s a n d d e fin itio n s A a irp o rt term in al bag(gage) d ro p o ff b aggage claim check-in desk cu sto m s 10 a D b c A H o w lo n g w a s y o u r a c ro s s C h in a ? B It w a s a b o u t tw o m o n t h s lo n g , a n d i t w a s a m a z in g D o y o u h a v e t o m u c h f o r y o u r jo b ? H a v e a g o o d S e e y o u w h e n y o u g e t b a c k 5))) L i s te n a n d c h e c k W h a t a re th e d iffe re n c e s b e tw e e n th e th r e e w o rd s ? PHRASAL VERBS RELATED TO AIR TRAVEL w h e r e y o u ta k e y o u r lu g g a g e to c h e c k it in i f y o u w h e r e th e y c h e c k t h a t y o u a r e n o t t r y i n g t o ta k e liq u id s o r sh arp objects) o n to scan n in g y o u r carry-on luggage a n d p r o h ib ite d ite m s (e.g., t h e p la n e , b y W e 're g o in g o n a fiv e -d a y trip to th e m o u n ta in s a b u i ld i n g a t a n a i r p o r t d iv id e d in to a lr e a d y h a v e y o u r b o a r d i n g p a s s E o r journey d e p a rtu re s b oard gate runw ay secu rity V IP lounge A rriv als a n d D e p a rtu re s (dom estic a n d in tern atio n al fligh ts) B a n e le c tr o n ic d is p la y s h o w in g flig h t tim es a n d i f th e f li g h t is on tim e, b oard in g, closed, o r delayed C w h e r e y o u h a n d i n a n y c h e c k e d b aggage ( b a g s , s u itc a s e s , e tc ) a n d a r e g iv e n a b o ard in g p a ss A C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h travel ( v e r b o r n o u n ) , trip, a C o m p le te th e s e n te n c e s w ith a p h r a s a l v e rb fro m th e l i s t i n t h e p a s t te n s e m a k i n g y o u w a l k t h r o u g h a m e ta l d e te c to r F w h e r e p a s s e n g e r s w h o a r e tr a v e lin g checkin take o ff b u sin e ss o r first c la ss c a n w a it f o r t h e i r f lig h t G w h e r e y o u s h o w y o u r b o a r d i n g p a s s a n d ID a n d b oard take o ff a n d land w h e r e y o u collect y o u r lu g g a g e o n a r r iv a l, a n d t h e r e a r e u s u a lly c a rts f o r c a r r y in g h e a v y s u itc a s e s w h e r e y o u r lu g g a g e m a y b e checked t o se e i f y o u a re b r in g i n g illegal g o o d s i n to t h e c o u n tr y H w h e r e p la n e s ] b fill out M y h u s b a n d dropped get o ff m e o ff get on pickup a t th e a irp o rt t w o h o u r s b e f o r e th e flig h t y o u r f lig h t I d ro p o ff I _o n l in e t h e d a y b e f o r e I w a s g o in g t o fly A s s o o n a s I t h e p la n e , I s a t d o w n in th e f i r s t e m p ty s e a t T h e p l a n e la te b e c a u s e o f th e b a d w e a th e r 3))) L i s t e n a n d c h e c k I _t h e i m m i g r a t i o n f o r m f o r t h e U S , w h ic h th e c a b in c r e w g a v e m e s h o r t l y b e fo r e ONBOARD la n d in g a C o m p l e t e t h e t e x t w i t h t h e w o r d s i n t h e lis t W h e n I _th e p la n e , I felt e x h a u s te d a f t e r t h e lo n g flig h t aisle a i l/ cabin crew /'ka eb an k r u / seat belts / 's it b e lts / connecting flig h t k a 'n c k t ig f l a i t / turbulence 'to rb y a la n s / direct flig h ts ditrcki flait s je t lag 'd.yct teg/ long-haul flig h ts 1ɔŋ h o i f la i l s / W h e n I m y lu g g a g e a t b a g g a g e c la im , I b u m p e d i n to a n o ld f r ie n d w h o h a d b e e n o n t h e s a m e flig h t! b 6))) L i s te n a n d c h e c k I o f te n fly t o C h i l e o n b u s in e s s I a lw a y s c h o o s e a n 'aisle s e a t, so t h a t I c a n g e t u p a n d w a lk a r o u n d m o r e easily S o m e tim e s t h e r e is w h e n t h e p la n e f lie s o v e r t h e A n d e s , w h ic h I d o n ’t e n jo y , a n d th e te lls t h e p a s s e n g e r s t o p u t t h e i r o n T h e r e a r e n 't m a n y t o C h ile f r o m P a r is , so I u s u a lly h a v e t o g e t a in A tla n ta W h e n e v e r I ta k e I a lw a y s s u ff e r f r o m _b e c a u se o f th e tim e d if f e r e n c e , a n d I fe e l t ir e d f o r s e v e l d a y s b 4))) L i s t e n a n d c h e c k Online Practice < p Adverbs and adverbial phrases vocabularybank CONFUSING ADVERBS AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES a M a t c h e a c h p a i r o f a d v e r b s w i t h a p a i r o f s e n t e n c e s T h e n d e c id e w h i c h a d v e r b g o e s w h e r e a n d w r i t e it i n t h e a d v e r b c o lu m n righ t now / actu ally e sp e cially / specially e v e r / even hard / h ard ly H e t r a i n s v e ry in the end / a t the end late / lately n ear / n early still / yet - a t le a s t t h r e e h o u r s a day It's in c r e d ib ly fo g g y I c a n se e a n y th in g I h a te it w h e n p e o p le a r r iv e f o r m e e tin g s h a v e n 't h e a r d f r o m M ik e H e m u s t b e v e ry b u sy o f a m o v ie I a lw a y s s ta y a n d w a tc h th e c r e d i ts ro ll I d i d n ’t w a n t to g o , b u t th e y p e r s u a d e d m e I lo v e m o s t k in d s o f m u s ic , b u t M y w e d d in g d r e s s w a s A dverbs hard hardly ja z z m ad e fo r m e by a d ressm ak e r S h e lo o k s y o u n g e r t h a n m e , b u t s h e ’s t w o y e a r s o ld e r t h e y 'r e r e n t i n g a h o u s e , b u t th e y 'r e h o p i n g t o b u y o n e s o o n I 'm f in is h e d w i t h m y b o o k I’m o n t h e la s t c h a p te r E x c u s e m e , is th e r e a b a n k H a v e y o u f o u n d a jo b H e 's , b u t h e H ave you h e re ? ? liv e s w ith h is p a r e n ts b e e n to t h e U S ? I'v e b e e n all o v e r t h e U S - I'v e b b e e n to A la sk a! 15))) L i s te n a n d c h e c k COMMENT ADVERBS a R e a d th e s e n te n c e s T h e n m a tc h th e b o ld a d v e r b s w i t h d e f i n i t i o n s 1-8 I th o u g h t th e jo b w a s g o in g t o b e d if f ic u lt, b u t in fac t it's v e ry e a s y in fæ k l/ in a p e r f e c t w o rld t h e t r u t h is; a c tu a lly (u se d to e m p h a s iz e It to o k u s o v e r fiv e h o u r s t o g e t th e r e , b u t eventu ally w e w e re s o m e t h in g , e s p e c ia lly t h e o p p o s ite o f a b le t o r e la x /fv e n tjo li/ w h a t w a s p r e v io u s ly s a id ) Ideally w e w o u ld g o t o A u s t r a l ia i f w e c o u ld a f f o r d it ai'd io li/ B a sically i t ’s p r e t t y a s im p le id e a /'b c isik li/ I t h o u g h t t h e y ’d b ro k e n u p , b u t a p p a rently t h e y ’re b a c k in th e m o s t i m p o r t a n t w a y s c le a rly (u se d t o g iv e i n f o r m a t i o n y o u t o g e t h e r a g a in /o'peronlli/ w ith ) .s o y o u c a n s e e it w a s a re a lly a w fu l w e e k e n d Anyway, l e t ’s f o rg e t a b o u t it a n d ta lk a b o u t s o m e t h in g e ls e /'eniw ei/ S h e ’s o n ly 14, s o obviously s h e c a n ’t s ta y a t h o m e o n h e r o w n /'a b v ia s li/ S h e ’s b e e n s ic k f o r w e e k s , b u t feel b e t t e r /'gr