awareness: sự nhận thức 2.. criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/ a: có tội, phạm tội - crime /kraɪm/ n: tội ác - commit a crime: phạm tội - turn to crime: trở thành tội phạm - petty/serious crime: … S
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UNIT 1: LIFE STORIES (Thí điểm) BẢNG TỪ VÀ CẤU TRÚC TRỌNG TÂM
1 realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/
(v): thực hiện, hiểu
rõ
- realization /ˌriːəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/: …
= 1 awareness: sự nhận thức
2 achievement: sự thực hiện
- realize an ambition : ……
- realize one’s full potential : nhận ra tiềm năng của ai
She never realized her ambition of becoming a
professional singer
realize how, what, etc… I don't think you realize how
important this is to her
it is realized that… There was a cheer when it was
realized that everyone was safely back
2 devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ (v):
hi sinh, cống hiến
- devote yourself/sth to sth/ doing sth: hi sinh/ cống hiến bản thân/ cái gì
cho cái gì
= dedicate yourself/ sth to sth/ doing sth
- devoted (to somebody/something): trung thành, quý mến ai
I could only devote two hours a day to the work
They were totally devoted to each other
3 effort /ˈefət/(n): sự
cố gắng, nỗ lực
- make an effort: cố gắng, nỗ lực
- put effort into: đổ công sức, nỗ lực vào …
- a determined/real/special effort: …
- in an effort to do sth: trong sự nỗ lực làm gì
I didn't really feel like going out, but I am glad I made the effort
3 distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/
(a): 1 riêng biệt, khác
biệt
2 dứt khoát, nhất
định = definite
- be distinct from sth: …
- distinctive (a): đặc tính (để phân biệt) = characteristic
His voice was quiet but every word was distinct
Rural areas, as distinct from major cities Jamaican reggae music is quite distinct from North
American jazz or blues
4 different/ˈdɪfrənt/
(a): khác biệt
- to differ from: khác với…
- differ (as to something): khác ở khía cạnh nào
- different = individual/ different/ detached
- be different from/ than/ to: khác với
- difference (n): …
- indifference (n): thờ ơ, lãnh đạm
- indifferent=unconcerned=reckless: …
><heedful, caring
It's different now than it was a year ago
Medical opinion differs as to how to treat the disease
5 loyalty /ˈlɔɪəlti/ (n):
sự trung thành
- loyalty to/ towards: sự trung thành
- loyal (a): trung thành
- loyal to sb/ sth: …
They swore their loyalty to the king
6 take on (v): thuê
mướn
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- take up: 1 chiếm( %, không gian, thời gian) = account for = occupy = make up
2 cắt ngắn( quần, áo)
3 bắt đầu làm/ học cái gì đó
4 chấp nhận ( take up challenge)
- take in : 1 hiểu = understand/ see
2 hấp thụ = absorb
3 lừa dối = deceive
The band's new album takes up where their last one left
off
She took me in completely with her story
7 charge/tʃɑːdʒ/ (n):
giá, phí/ nhiệm vụ
- be in charge = take over: đảm đương, phụ trách
- be in charge of = take charge of/ be responsible for = be held/ made responsible for = be responsible for = be in control of/ be accountable for: chịu trách nhiệm
- free charge :miễn phí
- make charge for : chi trả cho
They left the au pair in charge of the children for a
week
He took charge of the farm after his father's death
8 criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/
(a): có tội, phạm tội
- crime /kraɪm/ (n): tội ác
- commit a crime: phạm tội
- turn to crime: trở thành tội phạm
- petty/serious crime: …
Stores spend more and more on crime prevention every
year
9 complaint
/kəmˈpleɪnt/ (n): lời
than phiền, lời phàn
nàn
- complaint about sth: sự phàn nàn về điều gì
- make a complaint about :
- complain to sb about/ of sth: …
I'm going to complain to the manager about this
10 patriotism
/ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/ (n):
lòng yêu nước
- patriot/ˈpeɪtriət/ (n): người yêu nước
# patrol/pəˈtrəʊl/ (n): người/ đội tuần tra
- patriotic /ˌpeɪtriˈɒtɪk/ (a): yêu nước
The early war poems promoted patriotism, justice and principle
11 influence
/ˈɪnfluəns/ (n): ảnh
hưởng, tác dụng
- have influence/ impact/ effect on sth: có ảnh hưởng đến cái gì
= affect sth = impact on/ upon sth (v) …
- to have/exert a strong influence on somebody: …
- strongly-influenced (a): ảnh hưởng sâu sắc, mạnh mẽ
- influential /ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/ (a): có sức ảnh hưởng, uy lực
= powerful
My grandmother had a strong influence on my early childhood
He committed the crime under the influence of drugs
12 create/kriˈeɪt/ (v):
tạo nên, tạo ra
- creation (n): sự tạo thành, sự sáng tạo
- creative (a): sáng tạo =intentive = imaginative
- creative thinking :
- creative = inventive, imaginative, innovative: …
>< unimaginative, conservative: …
The main purpose of industry is to create wealth
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13 reputation
/ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ :danh
tiếng
- undeserved reputation (n): danh tiếng không xứng đáng/ xấu
- disrepute /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/ (n): mang tiếng, tiếng xấu
- bring sb/ sth into disrepute : làm ai mang tai mang tiếng
The company enjoys a world-wide reputation for quality
of design
to have a good/bad reputation
14 chance /tʃɑːns/
(n): cơ hội
- occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/ (n): dịp
- a slim chance: cơ hội mong manh
- chance of sth/ doing sth: cơ hội làm gì
Is there any chance of getting tickets for tonight?
15 ability
/əˈbɪləti/(n): khả năng
- have a capacity for doing sth = be able to do sth = be capable of doing sth = have ability to do sth
The system has the ability to run more than one program
at the same time
16 event /ɪˈvent/ - in the event of: trong trường hợp/ nếu điều gì xảy ra
- chain/ sequence of events: chuỗi sự kiện
Sheila will inherit everything in the event of his death
17 fortune/ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ :
vận may/ của cải
- make a fortune: trở nên giàu có, phát đạt
- a small fortune: nhiều tiền
- By a stroke of fortune/ luck: may mắn bất ngờ xảy ra
I have had the good fortune to work with some
brilliant directors
18 bring up( v): nuôi
nấng, dạy dỗ
- upbringing (n): sự nuôi nấng, dạy dỗ
- grow up (v): trưởng thành, lớn lên
- rise (v): mọc/ nổi lên/ dâng lên
- arise (v): xuất hiện, nảy sinh
She brought up five children
He immigrated with his parents in 1895, and grew up in
Long Island
19 inevitable
/ɪnˈevɪtəbl/ (a): không
thể tránh được
- inevitable = unavoidable/ unpreventable (a): không thể tránh được,
chắc chắn xảy ra
It was inevitable that there would be job losses
20 end up (v): cuối
cùng cũng phải làm
gì( điều không mong
muốn)
- end up sth/ doing sth: …
- end up+ cụm trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn
- end up + adj
I ended up doing all the work myself
If you go on like this you'll end up in prison
If he carries on driving like that, he'll end up dead
21 charity /ˈtʃærəti/
(n): lòng từ thiện/ tổ
chức từ thiện
- raise money for charity: quyên góp tiền để từ thiện
- charitable: có lòng hảo tâm
Many charities sent money to help the victims of the famine
22 progress
/ˈprəʊɡres/ (n): sự tiến
bộ/ tiến hành
- make progress : tiến hành
- in progress: đang tiến hành
-We have made great progress in controlling inflation
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23 fertility /fəˈtɪləti/
(n): sự màu mỡ( đất
đai)
- fertile (a) = fruitful, productive, high-yielding
>< unfertile, poor, impoverished
It is thought that environmental toxins are destroying fertility
24 hesitate /ˈhezɪteɪt/
(v): do dự, ngập
ngừng
- hesitate = waver = be indecisive
- hesitate about sth/doing sth:
I didn't hesitate for a moment about taking the job
25 inspired
/ɪnˈspaɪəd/ (a): đầy
cảm hứng, khơi nguồn
cảm hứng
- inspired = motivated
>< uninspired
an inspired performance
25 stimulate
/ˈstɪmjuleɪt/ (v): kích
thích, khơi dậy
- stimulate = improve = encourage = motivate
- stimulate sb to do sth (v) : khuyến khích ai làm gì
- stimulant /ˈstɪmjələnt/ (n): chất xúc tác
The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work
26 sophisticated
/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/ (a): tinh
vi, phức tạp
- sophisticated = complex = complicated = elaborate
>< naive/ unsophisticated
Mark is a smart and sophisticated young man
27 principle
/ˈprɪnsəpl/ (n): quy
tắc, luật lệ
- principled (a): có nguyên tắc, dựa theo nguyên tắc
- adhere to/ stick to principle: tuân theo nguyên tắc
- on principle: dựa theo nguyên tắc( cố định của bản thân)
- in principle: theo nguyên tắc chung
Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it
28 ideal :lý tưởng,
hoàn hảo
- ideal = supreme = perfect
- be ideal for sth: lý tưởng cho cái gì
- idea (n): ý tưởng + come up with an idea: nảy ra ý tưởng
This beach is ideal for children
29 land /lænd/ : 1.(n):
đất đai
2 (v): đạt được, giành
được ( công việc, )
- land a role (v): giành được vị trí, vai trò
= gain a role
- land (v): hạ cánh >< take off
- land yourself/ sb in sth = get sb in trouble :rơi vào tình cảnh khó khăn
He's just landed a starring role in Spielberg's next movie
30 deficiency
/dɪˈfɪʃnsi/ (n): sự thiếu
hụt
- deficiency = shortage insufficiency, lack, scarcity= inadequacy
- deficiency in/of sth
Vitamin deficiency in the diet can cause illness
31 respectable
/rɪˈspektəbl/ (a): đáng
- respectful (a): thành kính, tỏ sự thái độ kính trọng
- respect /rɪˈspekt/: 1.(v): tôn trọng, kính trọng
- to respect sb = look up to sb = have respect for sb: tôn trọng ai
Go and make yourself look respectable
The two groups were similar with respect to income
and status
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kính trọng/ kha khá,
đáng kể
2.(n): sự kính trọng
- with respect to = concerning sb/sth = in respect of = in/with regard to:
về (mặt, khía cạnh, đề cập tới)
- respectively/rɪˈspektɪvli/ (adv): lần lượt, tương ứng
32 recognize
/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ (v): công
nhận, nhận diện
- recognize = acknowledge/ admit (v): thừa nhận
- recognize sb: nhận ra ai
- be aware of : nhận thức được
- recognize sb/ sth as sth: công nhận ai/ cái gì là
I recognized him as soon as he came in the room
33 reserved /rɪˈzɜːvd/
(a): dè dặt, kín đáo
- reserved = conserved: …
- reserve (v): đặt trước ( đặt bàn, phòng…)
= book
- reserve (v,n) :dự trữ + keep in reserve : để dự trữ
Marcus is more reserved than his brother
34 translate
/trænsˈleɪt/ (v): dịch
- translate sth from sth into sth: …
- transfer /trænsˈfɜː(r)/ (v): chuyển vị trí( từ nơi này sang nơi khác)/
chuyển khoản/ chuyển nghề/ chuyển phương tiện giao thông
- transform (v): chuyển/ biến đổi hình thái
He translated the letter into English
35 drop out(v): bỏ
học giữa chừng
- drop by/ round/ in: ghé thăm She started a degree but dropped out after only a year
36 generally
/ˈdʒenrəli/ (adv): nói
chung, nhìn chung
- generally = in general = as a rule = on the whole = normally : …
- general(a): chung chung
He was a generally unpopular choice for captain
37 frankly /ˈfræŋkli/
(adv): thành thật,
thắng thắn
- frankly = to be honest = in all sincerity = in all honesty They frankly admitted their responsibility
UNIT 1: LIFE STORIES Part I PRONUNCIATION
Exercise 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1 A picked B considered C determined D received
2 A hatred B stopped C dedicated D learned
5 A diagnose B achievement C talented D anonymous
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Exercise 2: Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others
1 A perseverance B generosity C achievement D admiration
2 A respectable B talented C acceptable D distinguished
3 A diagnose B amputate C stimulate D interpret
4 A philosophy B hardship C paralysis D misfortune
5 A generosity B hospitality C encyclopedia D creativity
Part II VOCABULARY
Exercise 2 Mark the latter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question
11 Martin Luther King devoted his life to the of voting right for black people
12 His father used to be a professor at the university Many students worshipped him
A distinct B distinctive C distinguishing D distinguished
13 Mark Zuckerberg’s enormous success has taken a lot of hardwork and
14 I can’t believe she didn’t do anything for the company I will and be in charge
15 During the Medieval period, people were made public of being witches
16 That disable boy’s victory in the race set the example to all students in the school
17 A once said “It is a sweet and honorable thing to die for your country.”
18 He is -influenced by his father and grandfather His behaviors and decisions are exactly the same
19 Iphone 7 is the latest in the field of smartphone design of Apple
20 Einstein a great impact on modern physics
21 It is the underserved that damaged his life and his family
22 At the age of 50, Robby William his career after spending his twenty years playing electric guitar
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23 She has a wonderful voice but unfortunately, she never gets the to sing in public
24 Michael Hart was the of Project Gutenberg, one of the longest-lasting online library projects
25 She is not a very nice girl She seems to enjoy the of others
A unfortune B misfortune C disfortune D infortune
26 We the kittens carefully and sold them for a good profit
27 The stores will inevitably end up with each other to increase their market shares
A contesting B contending C competing D completing
28 Bill Gates has made large donations to numerous organizations
29 Thanks to the help of the teacher, she is encouraging progress in math
30 The of the soil reduced the productivity of the farm
Exercise 3 Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
31 The speaker paused He hesitated to answer the direct question raised by the audience
32 Her courage not only inspired her followers but moved her rivals as well
33 The government’s plans to cut taxes really stimulated the economy
34 Chauvet Jeans was a well-known nineteen century painter whose paintings are extraordinarily sophisticated
35 Some rock starts started off as rebels with strong and broad principles
36 I used to idolize David Beckham because of his dedication and talent
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37 Linda is very outgoing, however, her brother is quite reserved
38 Ideally, I’d like to work at home but there is no way my boss agrees with that
39 Morgan Freeman began to land big roles and won critical and popular acclaim after years of small parts and limited success
40 Recognizable smaller than most of the lids in his age group, Lionel Messi was diagnosed by doctors as suffering from a hormone deficiency that restricted his growth
A inadequacy B sufficiency C abundance D strength
Exercise 4 Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions
41 During the Great Depression many people suddenly found themselves jobless after a night
42 I was relieved by the news that they had one home sage and sound
43 She comes from an admirable and respectable family
44 They are going to have to amputate his left leg which was badly injured in the accident
45 Her identity will never be revealed in order to protect her children from being judged
46 There are several interesting things emerging from the report
47 This boy is poorly-educated and doesn’t know how to behave properly
48 I prefer reading fictional stories to hearing about teal events
49 It is not fair to give such a challenging task to an inexperienced staff like her
A comprehensible B difficult C provocative D intriguing
50 White blood cells help defend the body against infection
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Part III GRAMMAR
Exercise 5 Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
51 We to the hospital to visit Mike when he to say that he was fine
A were driving – was calling B drove – called
C were driving – called D drove - was calling
52 What to you on Sunday night?
53 Last night, we for you for ages but you never up
C were waiting – were showing D waited – was showing
54 We our quality time when the unexpected guess
C had been having – came D have had – would have come
55 Since they us they to visit us last Sunday, we forward to the day
A were telling – came – looked B would tell – would visit – would look
C told – would come – were looking D tell - are coming – will look
56 I out last night but at the last minutes I that I had a quiz this morning
A was going to go – realized B went – realized
C had gone - would realize C would go – have realized
57 She hasn’t paid as much attention to her children as she since she working
C was doing – was starting D has done – would start
58 My brother at the road when he into a hole
A wasn’t looking – was falling B didn’t look – has fallen
C wasn’t looking – fell D won’t look – fall
59 Magellan the first European who through the strait
A was – was sailing B was being – was sailing
60 The first self-sufficient village in Britain the Norman’s idea They were some strange invaders who to change the country in a better way
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C have been – were hoping D was being – had hoped
61 Who is girl over there with Jimmy?
62 The boss needs an assistant with good knowledge of foreign trade
63 We are having terrible weather which is quite strange Usually weather in UK is not this bad
64 Could you please close window? I don’t think it is necessary to open all the four
65 Gordons is a very interesting family They like to travel around world
66 To absorb more oil from spring rolls we can use materials like newspaper to wrap them after frying
67 After a hard-working day I went to bed and had most beautiful dream ever
68 I have visited Portugal but I have never been to Netherlands
69 Every week, his mother goes to university to visit him while my mother has never come to visit me since I went to university
70 He left on 10 o’clock train yesterday to see his father who taken to hospital last week when he broke right leg
A the – the – the B the – a – a C a – a – the D the - ∅ - ∅
Exercise 6 Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
71 Last month, while my friend A was traveling round England by B the car, he crashed C the car into D a tree
72 She A was walking to B the library to borrow C some books when she D was seeing a robbery
73 He A can speak B French very well and C is studying D Latin
74 Please turn of A television I also like watching B TV but now I C am having to study for D the exam
75 A The researchers of Harvard University reported that B the tigers are one of C the most dangerous species in D the jungle
76 I A think B a good health is important, and so is C education while D money, to some extent, is not