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Access 2003 Bible Access 2003 Bible Cary N Prague, Michael R Irwin, and Jennifer Reardon Access 2003 Bible Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2004 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana ISBN: 0-7645-3986-8 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 1B/RX/QZ/QT/IN Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8700 Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4447, E-mail: permcoordinator@wiley.com LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: WHILE THE PUBLISHER AND AUTHOR HAVE USED THEIR BEST EFFORTS IN PREPARING THIS BOOK, THEY MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS BOOK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES REPRESENTATIVES OR WRITTEN SALES MATERIALS THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR YOUR SITUATION YOU SHOULD CONSULT WITH A PROFESSIONAL WHERE APPROPRIATE NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFIT OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR OTHER DAMAGES For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S at 317-572-3993 or fax 317-572-4002 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books Library of Congress Control Number: 2003101923 Trademarks: Wiley and related trade dress are registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and/or it affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book is a trademark of Wiley Publishing, Inc About the Author Cary N Prague is an internationally best-selling author and lecturer in the database industry He owns Database Creations, Inc., the world’s largest Microsoft Access add-on company Their products include a line of financial software; Business! for Microsoft Office, a mid-range accounting system, POSitively Business! Point of Sale software, the Inventory Barcode manager for mobile data collection, and the Check Writer and General Ledger Database Creations also produces a line of developer tools including the appBuilder, an application generator for Microsoft Access, the EZ Access Developer Tools for building great user interfaces, appWatcher for maintaining code bases among several developers, and Surgical Strike, the only Patch Manager for Microsoft Access Cary also owns Database Creations Consulting, LLC., a successful consulting firm specializing in Microsoft Access and SQL Server applications Local and national clients include many Fortune 100 companies including manufacturers, defense contractors, insurance, health-care, and software industry companies His client list includes Microsoft, United Technologies, ABB, Smith & Wesson Firearms, Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, ProHealth, OfficeMax, Continental Airlines, and other Fortune 500 companies Formerly, he has held numerous management positions in corporate information systems, including Director of Managed Care Reporting for MetraHealth, Director of Corporate Finance and Software Productivity at Travelers Insurance where he was responsible for software support for 35,000 end users, and Manager of Information Systems support for Northeast Utilities He is one of the top best-selling authors in the computer database management market, having written over 40 books that have sold over one million copies on software including Microsoft Access, Borland (Ashton-Tate) dBASE, Paradox, R:Base, Framework, and graphics Cary’s books include 11 books in the Access Bible series (recently number one on the Ingram Bestselling Database Titles list and in the Amazon.com top 100), Access 97 Secrets, dBASE for Windows Handbook, dBASE IV Programming (winner of the Computer Press Association’s Book of the Year award for Best Software Specific Book), and Everyman’s Database Primer Featuring dBASE IV He recently completed several books for Access 2003 including Weekend Crash Course in Office Access 2003 Programming Cary recently sold a product line named eTools for Microsoft Access to MightyWords, a division of FatBrain.com and Barnes and Noble Cary is certified in Access as a Microsoft Certified Professional and has passed the MOUS test in Access and Word He is a frequent speaker at seminars and conferences around the country He is on the exclusive Microsoft Access Insider Advisory Board and makes frequent trips to Microsoft headquarters in Redmond, WA He has been voted the best speaker by the attendees of several national conferences Recently, he was a speaker for Microsoft sponsored conferences in New Orleans, Hawaii, Phoenix, Chicago, Toronto, Palm Springs, Boston, and Orlando He has also spoken at Borland’s Database Conference, Digital Consulting’s Database World, Microsoft’s Developer Days, Computerland’s Technomics Conference, COMDEX, and COMPAQ Computer’s Innovate He was a contributing editor to Access Advisor magazine and has written for the Microsoft Office Developer’s journal He is active in local town politics serving on the South Windsor, Connecticut Board of Education, Parks and Recreation Commission, and the Board of Assessment Appeals Cary holds a master’s degree in computer science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and an M.B.A and Bachelor of Accounting from the University of Connecticut He is also a Certified Data Processor Michael R Irwin is considered one of the leading authorities on automated database and Internet management systems today He is a noted worldwide lecturer, a winner of national and international awards, best-selling author, and developer of client/server, Internet, Intranet, and PC-based database management systems Michael has extensive database knowledge, gained by working with the Metropolitan Police Department in Washington, D.C as a developer and analyst for the Information Systems Division for over 20 years and assorted Federal Agencies of the United States Government Since retiring in June 1992, he runs his own consulting firm, named The Irwin Group, and is principal partner in the company - IT in Asia, LLC, specializing in Internet database integration and emphasizing Client/Server and net solutions With consulting offices in Cincinnati, Ohio, Bangkok, Thailand, and Manila, Philippines, his companies offer training and development of Internet and database applications His company has the distinction of being one of the first Microsoft Solution’s Providers (in 1992) His local, national, and international clients include many software companies, manufacturers, government agencies, and international companies His range of expertise includes database processing and integration between mainframe, minicomputer, and PC-based database systems, as well as B-2-B and B-2-C integration between back-end databases; he is a leading authority on PC-based databases He is one of the top best-selling authors in the computer database management market, having authored numerous database books, with several of them consistently on the best-sellers lists His books, combined, have sold nearly a million copies worldwide His most recent works include The OOPs Primer (Borland Press, dBASE 5.5 for Windows Programming (Prentice Hall), Microsoft Access 2002 Bible, Microsoft Access 2002 Bible Gold Edition (co-authored), and Working with the Internet The Access Bible series have constantly been number one on the Ingram Best-selling Database Titles list and is consistently in the Amazon.com and Buy.com top 10 He has also written several books on customs and cultures of the countries of Asia (including China, Japan, Thailand, and India) Two of his books have won international acclaim His books are published in over 24 languages worldwide He has been a contributing editor and author to many well-known magazines and journals He is a frequent speaker at seminars and conferences around the world and has been voted the best speaker by the attendees of several international conferences Michael has developed and markets several add-on software products for the Internet and productivity related applications Many of his productivity applications can be obtained from several of his Internet sites or on many common download sites Many of his application and systems are distributed as freeware and careware He has also developed and distributes several development tools and add-ins for a wide range of developer applications Jennifer Reardon is considered a leading developer of custom database applications She has over ten years’ experience developing client/server and PC-based applications She has accumulated much of her application development experience working as lead developer for Database Creations She has partnered with Cary Prague developing applications for many Fortune 500 companies Her most significant projects include a spare parts inventory control system for Pratt & Whitney’s F22 program, an engineering specifications system for ABBCombustion Engineering, and an emergency event tracking system for the State of Connecticut She was also the lead developer of many of the Database Creations add-on software products including Business, Yes! I Can Run My Business, Check Writer, and the User Interface Construction Kit She has co-authored Access 2003 Bible, Access 2002 Bible, and Access 2000 Weekend Crash Course She has also written chapters in other books on subjects including Data Access Pages, the Microsoft Database Engine, the VBA programming environment, creating help systems, and using Microsoft Office 2000 Developer She has authored chapters in Microsoft Access 97 Bible and Access 97 Secrets Jennifer owns her own consulting firm, Advanced Software Concepts, providing custom applications to both the public and private sectors She specializes in developing client information systems for state-managed and privately-held healthcare organizations She has also developed a job costing and project management system for an international construction company Her corporate experience includes seven years with The Travelers where she was an Associate Software Engineer serving on numerous mission-critical client/server software development projects using Easel, C, SQL Server, and DB2 She has contributed several chapters for books on dBase and Microsoft Access Jennifer holds a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Massachusetts Credits Acquisitions Editor Greg Croy Project Coordinator Regina Snyder Project Editor Andrea C Boucher Graphics and Production Specialists Beth Brooks, Amanda Carter, Jennifer Click, Joyce Haughey, Barry Offringa, Lynsey Osborn, Heather Pope Technical Editor Greg Guntle Editorial Manager Carol Sheehan Vice President and Executive Group Publisher Richard Swadley Vice President and Executive Publisher Bob Ipsen Executive Editorial Director Mary Bednarek Quality Control Technicians Carl William Pierce Brian H Walls Senior Permissions Editor Carmen Krikorian Media Development Specialist Angela Denny Proofreading and Indexing TECHBOOKS Production Services This book is dedicated to some special people from South Windsor, Connecticut (in no particular order) who helped me in my quest of the last year to join the South Windsor Board of Education Lincoln Streeter, Matt Streeter, Tim Moriarty, Tom Berstene, Teri Dickie-Gaignat, Carrie Momnie, Tom and Audrey Delnicki, Mayor Bill Aman, Town Manager Matt Galligan, John Mitchell, Barbara Barbour, Walter Mealy, Herb Asplund, Roy Normen, Jan Murtha, Bob Wilson, Hap Fitts, and many others in the South Windsor Republican Town Committee Craig Zimmerman of the South Windsor Parks and Recreation Commission, Ray Favreau, Mike McCarty, and Elle Randazzo of the South Windsor Recreation Department, Joel Nadel of the Board of Assessment Appeals and Charlie Dana, Assessor, Anne Flint and Gabrielle Batz of the South Windsor Chamber of Commerce, and Dr Joseph Wood, Superintendent of Schools By allowing me to explore new opportunities and shamelessly promote myself, you have enriched my life and provided me with new friends and new challenges that I never knew existed — CNP This book is dedicated to the people closest to me First and foremost it is dedicated to my family — my wife, Dra Arni Irwin, my sons Richard Rocco, Joseph Patrick, and David Joseph While writing this book, they had to put up with my constantly telling them “Sorry, I have to this first” in order for me to finish on deadline It is also dedicated to my mother, Aurelia Irwin — 74 years young and as strong as ever — who has continued to be my sounding board and example of strength Finally, partner, Richard Mahonski, who passed away this year — I will truly miss him — MRI This book is dedicated to my parents-in-law Tom and Arden Reardon Way back during my college years, they provided me with the unique opportunity to be involved in the world of publishing as a part-time typesetter for their respective printing businesses Together, we forged a method of setting type using my PC and modem and their Mergenthalers — this was 1983 — much before the era of desktop publishing as we know it today Now here I am enjoying being on the other side of the fence as an author But, all the while that I am keyboarding my own work, I am always thinking back to the old days of how we used to have to keyboard all those crazy codes for font changes and em spaces and line spacing Thanks for always being so supportive of me in the past 30 years that I have been part of your family — JR 1394 Index ✦ S security (continued) creating workgroups, 1112–1114 database decryption, 1137 database distribution, 1127–1128 database encryption, 1136–1137 default object permissions, 1127 Delete Data permission, 1102, 1128 deleting groups, 1121 deleting user accounts, 1117 enabling, 1111–1112 explicit permissions, 1125 Full Data Users group account, 1131 Full Permissions group account, 1131 groups, 1119–1120 implicit permissions, 1125 Insert Data permission, 1102, 1128 joining existing workgroups, 1114–1115 level, 1104 limitations, 1103–1104 Microsoft Jet, 887 Modify Design permission, 1102, 1128 New Data Users group account, 1131 One-Step Security Wizard Report, 1135 Open Exclusive permission, 1128 Open/Run permission, 1128 permissions, 1102–1103, 1123–1128 personal ID, 1116 preventing viruses, 1139–1142 Project Designers group account, 1131 Read Data permission, 1102, 1128 Read Design permission, 1102, 1128 Read-Only Users group account, 1131 removing database password, 1106–1107 removing object permissions, 1126 removing users from groups, 1122–1123 runtime mode, 1107–1109 sandbox mode, 1139–1142 security ID, 1116 separating data from interface objects, 40 setting database permissions, 1127 setting object owner, 1123 setting password with Visual Basic, 1107 Startup options dialog box, 1110–1111 Update Data permission, 1102, 1128 Update Data Users group account, 1131 user name, 1117 user profile, 1115 user-level, 1101–1102 Visual Basic Code, 1137–1139 Workgroup Administrator, 1113 Workgroup ID, 1129 workgroup information file, 1102 workgroups, 1112 security ID (SID), 1116–1117 SECURITYMODE=SQL setting, 891 Select, 156 SELECT, 739–740 Select Case End Select statement, 706–707 Select Index Files dialog box, 258 Select Picture dialog box, 824–825 Select query Access project, 934 calculated fields, 220, 1180–1186 common operators, 221 comparison operators, 220 default operator, 221 definition, 156, 219 logical operators, 222–224 scope criteria, 220 simple criteria compared to complex criteria, 220 SQL View, 223 Selected Constraint property, Access project, 930 Selected Fields: list box, Form Wizard, 323–324 Selected index property, Access project, 929 Selected relationship property, Access project, 927 Selected table property, Access project, 926 selecting data for graphs, 619 selecting entire field, editing technique, 103 Selector, 1352 semicolon (;) ending SQL statements with, 743 input mask, 70, 71 Text custom format, 65 Send to Back option, 436 separating data from interface objects, 40 separator, delimited file, 284 server-based database management systems, obtaining external data from, 248 SetFocus command, 769, 770 setting database permissions, 1127 setting object owner, 1123 setting password with Visual Basic, 1107 SGML See Standard Generalization Markup Language Sgn() function, 730 Shadowed control appearance option, 424, 426 Sharepoint Team Services, 249, 275, 295 shareware programs, 1347 Short Dashes border style, 424 Short Dashes datasheet border line style, 113 Short Date, Date/Time date-type format, 67 Short Time, Date/Time date-type format, 67 Shortcut Menu Bar form property, 372 shortcut menu custom menu bar, 847–851 displaying at application startup, 1110 Shortcut Menu form property, 372 Shortcut Menus toolbar, 848 ShortKeys, 1352 Show on Toolbars Menu option, Toolbar Properties dialog box, 840 Show row, Query by Example design pane, 163, 173 Show Table button, Query Design window, 162 Show Table dialog box, 159, 160 Index ✦ S Show Table Names option, 1195–1196 ShowDateSelectors property, 650 Show_Help procedure, 1175–1176 shp (Rectangle), form/report control naming convention prefix, 360, 1360 ShrinkerStretcher, 1352 SID See security ID SimpleRegistry Control, 1352 Single field size setting, 64 single-column combo box, 408–410 Size Mode property, 388–389, 546, 624 Size of OLE object field, table attribute, 1335 sizing sections in reports, 491–492 smalldatetime, SQL Server data type, 900 smallint, SQL Server data type, 900 smallmoney, SQL Server data type, 900 Smart Tags field property, 64 Smart Login, 1352 SmartBoardXP, 1352 SmartList To Go, 1352 snaked-column report creating, 586–587 importance of, 585–586 page setup, 587–588 printing, 588 SnagIt, 1352 snapshot, 189 sng prefix, table field naming conventions, 1359 software products on disk, 1351–1352 Solid border style, 424 Solid datasheet border line style, 113 Sort limit, query attribute, 1335 sort order, 174, 453 Sort row, Query by Example design pane, 163, 173 sorting data access pages, 988 data columns, 879–880 Datasheet toolbar commands, 90, 116 mailing label reports, 578–579 Query by Example design pane, 173–175 records, 157 report, 487–488 Sorting and Grouping button, Design View toolbar, 460 Sorting and Grouping in the Page Design View, 1015 sound file, storing as OLE object, 97 Source Connect Str property, 1198 Source Database property, 1198 Source Object property, 873 Source parameter, ActiveX Data Objects, 746 Space() function, 731 Sparse Dots border style, 424 Sparse Dots datasheet border line style, 113 Special Effect format property, 431 Special Effect property, 404 Special Effects window, 424–427 special keys, preventing user access to, 1110 specifying criteria in Column Heading field, Crosstab query, 1223 specifying criteria in multiple fields, Crosstab query, 1223–1224 specifying criteria in new field, Crosstab query, 1221–1222 specifying criteria in Row Heading field, Crosstab query, 1222–1223 SPEED Ferret, 1352 speeding up progress meter display, impact on perceived speed, 1299 spellcheck icon, Datasheet toolbar, 90 Spelling button, Access window toolbar, 45 splash screen, impact on perceived speed, 1293–1294 Splitter for Access, 1352 splitting one database into two, 269 spreadsheet importing, 279–282 obtaining external data from, 248 Spreadsheet Assistant, 1352 SQL See Structured Query Language SQL database, 275 SQL query type, 156 SQL Server 2000 Desktop Engine (MSDE 2000) business critical, 888 COLLATION setting, 891 compared to Microsoft Jet, 886 customizing, 891–892 data link properties, 922–923 data types, 900–901 database engine selection, 886–888 DATADIR setting, 891 determining project’s database name, 922 Distributed Transaction Coordinator service, 892 hardware requirements, 889 importance of, 885–886 Installation Folder dialog box, 890 installing, 889–891 INSTANCENAME setting, 891 License Agreement screen, 890 MSDE2KS3.EXE, 889–890 Pause button, 893 rapid application prototyping, 888 SAPWD=”sa_password” setting, 891 scalability, 888 SECURITYMODE=SQL setting, 891 Setup.exe, 892 software requirements, 889 SQL Server Agent service, 892 SQL Server Desktop Engine installation progress meter, 890 SQL Server service, 892 SQL Server Service Manager dialog box, 892–893 starting, 892–893 Stop button, 893 TARGETDIR setting, 891 USEDEFAULTSAPWD setting, 891 SQL Server Agent service, 892 SQL Server Compatible option, 1195–1196 SQL Server data types, 900–901 SQL Server database, connecting to, 40 SQL Server Service Manager, 894 SQL Statement, creating, 414–416 1395 1396 Index ✦ S SQL Statement data source, 355 SQL View, Select query, 223 sql_variant, SQL Server data type, 901 Sqr() function, 730 square root, 730 Standard Generalization Markup Language (SGML), 1039 standard modules, Visual Basic, 666–667 Standard Naming Conventions, 384, 1355–1362 Standard numeric format type, 66 Start of Field option, Match dropdown list, 101 Startup options dialog box, 1110–1111 static Web pages, 950–952 status bar, preventing display of, 1110 StDev option, Total: row, 1204 Stock chart, 632 stored procedure Access project, 935–938 benefits of using, 935 definition, 935 sorting data with, 935–937 updating data with, 938 using parameters with, 937 Str() function, 725 Stretch display, image object, 434 Stretch setting, Size Mode property, 388 string converting to a date, 725 converting to lowercase, 725 converting to uppercase, 725 determining leftmost character, 731 determining rightmost character, 731 inserting spaces into, 731 removing leading spaces, 731 removing parts of string, 731 removing trailing spaces, 731 string manipulation functions, 730–731 string operators, 210–213 strings finding inside another string, 730 length, 731 Structured Query Language (SQL) ALL, 739–740 ALTER TABLE statement, 1262 CREATE INDEX statement, 1262–1263 CREATE TABLE statement, 1262–1263 data definition query, 1262–1263 displaying query statements, 738 DISTINCT, 741 DISTINCTROW, 741 DROP INDEX statement, 1262 DROP TABLE statement, 1262 FROM, 739, 742 importance of, 156, 737 INNER JOIN ON, 742 LEFT JOIN ON, 742–743 ORDER BY, 739, 743 pass-through query, 1261–1262 relationship to QBE, 10 RIGHT JOIN ON, 742–743 SELECT, 739–740 subquery, 1263 TOP, 741–742 union query, 1260–1261 WHERE, 739, 743 style, report, 454–455 Sub procedures, Visual Basic, 664 sub (Subform/Subreport), form/report control naming convention prefix, 360, 1360 Sub-Address, Hyperlink data-type format, 69 sub-datasheet expanding, 151 height, 150–151 Link Child Fields property setting, 149–150 Link Master Fields property setting, 149–150 naming, 149 one-to-many relationship, 148 setting up, 149 Subdatasheet Expanded form property, 369 Subdatasheet Expanded property, 932, 1199 Subdatasheet Height form property, 369 Subdatasheet Height property, 932, 1199 SubDatasheet Name property, 1199 Subdatasheet Name data property, Access project, 932 subform adding to main form, 531–533 calculated expressions, 527 calculated summary expressions, 528 column labels, 525 Column method, 523–524 creating calculated control, 537–538 creating without wizards, 524 definition, 304–305, 503–505 detail section controls, 525–527 displaying data from another table, 520–521 displaying design, 514–515 displaying form, 512–514 displaying subform design, 516–517 field selection, 508, 510 filtered calculated summary, 528–530 form data layout, 510–511 form style, 512 form title, 512 Form Wizard, 507–508 hiding sections, 530 layout, 511 linking to form, 515–516, 533–534 Lookup function, 521–523 query selection, 508–509 referencing controls, 534–537 retrieving data in combo boxes, 518–520 Sales Invoice form example, 505–507, 517–518 table selection, 508–509 subform/subreport control, 311 subprocedure calling, 772–773 compared to function, 771–772 creating, 773–775 viewing list of, 867 where to create, 772 subquery, 158, 1263 Subtotal control, 550 subtraction operator, 204, 206, 218 sum, 733 Sum() function, 728 Sum option, Total: row, 1204 Index ✦ S–T summarizing, report, 453–454 Summary Wizard, 1352 sum-of-years depreciation, 729 Sunken control appearance option, 424, 426 Surface chart, 632 Surgical Strike, 1352 swap file location, impact on absolute speed, 1281 switchboard adding pictures to command buttons, 824–826 Command Button Wizard, 811–815 command buttons, 809–811 copying buttons and labels, 817–818 creating basic form, 807–809 definition, 806 dragging macros into form, 822–823 focus, 811 linking command buttons to macros, 818–820 macro examples, 820–822 On Click property, 810, 819–820 On Dbl Click property, 810 On Enter property, 811 On Exit property, 811 text labels, 816–817 Switchboard Manager changing menu choices, 834–835 Edit Switchboard Item dialog box, 829 Edit Switchboard Page dialog box, 828 Exit button, 833 Insert Picture dialog box, 832–833 Main Switchboard, 828 modifying switchboard, 831–834 opening, 827 renaming switchboard, 834 Switchboard Items table, 826 SYD() function, 729 syntax, checking, 786–787 sysadmin fixed server role, 940 system requirements, 1345–1346 T tab control Back Style property, 869 copying from Detail section, 871–872 creating, 867–869 importance of, 311, 318–320 Multi Row property, 869 page properties, 870–871 Style property, 870 Tab Fixed Height property, 870 Tab Fixed Width property, 870 when to use, 866–867 Tab order dialog box, 384 tab order, setting for forms, 384–386 tab style, 870 tab (Tab Control), form/report control naming convention prefix, 360, 1360 tabbed dialog box, 866 tab-delimited file, 282 table See also linked table adding fields to, 58–59 adding records to, 83–84 adding to query, 160–161 copying, 82–83 creating, 46–51 definition, deleting, 82 moving in Table/Query pane, 184 number of records in, 1187–1189 printing design, 80 removing from Query window, 184–185 renaming, 81 saving, 81 saving as data access page, 1025–1027 Upsizing Wizard, 909 Table Analyzer Wizard, 282, 1281 Table data source, 355 table design and relationships step first normal form, 25–26 normalization, 24 second normal form, 26 third normal form, 24–25, 26–27 Table Design View, Datasheet window, 89 Table Design window Access project, 923 data types, 53–55 field datatype, 52 field description, 52, 56 field entry area, 51 field name, 52–53 property area, 51 toolbar, 52 table field naming conventions, 1358–1359 Table Filegroup table property, Access project, 926 Table Identity Column table property, Access project, 926 Table Lynx, 1352 table name, creating in Datasheet View, 50 Table name table property, Access project, 926 Table Name.Field Name format, 223 Table object, 9, 42 table of contents, 1158–1162, 1174–1178 Table of Contents Entry dialog box, 1161 Table Properties window, 79–80, 925–926 table relationships, Upsizing Wizard, 896 Table row, Query by Example design pane, 163, 172 Table ROWGUID Column table property, Access project, 926 table selection, subform, 508–509 Table size, table attribute, 1334 table view, Table Wizard, benefits of using, 48 Table Wizard option, New Table dialog box, 47 Table/Query pane, resizing, 182–183 Table/Query Row Source Type, 411 Tables/Queries drop-down combo box, 985 tabular form layout, 324 Tabular report, 444 Tag form property, 372 TARGETDIR setting, 891 tbl prefix, object naming conventions, 1357 1397 1398 Index ✦ T tblCategories, 125, 127, 129, 1343 tblCompanySetup, 544, 1343 tblContactLog, 125, 127, 129, 1342 tblContacts changing idsContactID field from number to AutoNumber, 56–57 creating, 49–50 formats, 69–70 importance of, 125, 127, 128 primary key, 77 property settings, 74–75 structure, 58, 1341 tblCustomerTypes, 125, 127, 129, 1342 tblPaymentType, 125, 127, 129 tblProducts, 125, 127, 128, 1342 tblSales, 125, 127–128, 541, 550, 1341 tblSalesLineItems, 125, 127, 128, 541, 1341 tblSalesPayments, 127, 128, 1341 tblSalesPerson, 125, 127, 129, 541, 1342 tblTaxRates, 125, 127, 129, 1342 TCP/IP, 948 TeeChart Pro ActiveX Control, 1352 template file, 952, 968–971 templates online access, 37 Templates dialog box, 37–38 Templates home page, connecting to, 37 Templates option, New File dialog box, 36 test data, designing, 29–30, 541–542 testing applications, 784 testing in Access, 1173 text modifying format of in a control, 378–379 modifying in a control, 377 report, 476 reverse video, 429–430 using in expressions, 718 Text Align format property, 432 text box, changing into combo box, 414 text box control properties, 430–433 text box controls creating, 477 deleting labels, 481 displaying properties, 484–485 expressions, 477 formatting, 478 functions, 477 growing and shrinking, 486 importance of, 310, 314 label control, 479–480 modifying multiple, 483–484 moving, 482–483 pasting labels into sections, 481–482 previewing text in, 478 sizing, 379–380, 479 using with reports, 477 text controls, moving, 381–382 Text data type changing other data types to, 61 compared to SQL Server data type, 901 compared to Visual Basic data type, 703 converting to lowercase, 725 converting to uppercase, 725 data entry, 96 definition, 27, 53 formats, 65–66 rules, 54 Text file icon, 253 Text Filegroup table property, Access project, 926 text files, obtaining external data from, 248 text labels, 816–817 text shadow, 428–429 text, SQL Server data type, 901 tgl (Toggle Button), form/report control naming convention prefix, 360, 1360 third normal form (3NF), 24–25, 26–27 3D Area chart, 632 3D Bar chart, 632 3D Column chart, 632 3D Cone chart, 632 3D Cylinder chart, 632 3D Line chart, 632 3D Pie chart, 632 3D Pyramid chart, 632 3D Surface chart, 632 three-dimensional charts, 632 three-dimensional graphs, 635–637 three-dimensional look, creating with shadows, 428–429 TIF file extension, 434 Time Delimiter option, 293 Time() function, 727 Timer Interval form event property, 683 timestamp fields, Upsizing Wizard, 896–897 timestamp, SQL Server data type, 901 tinyint, SQL Server data type, 900 title, assigning to application, 1110 title page, report, 573–574 toggle button control, 310, 314–316, 405–406 toggling values in check box, 103 Tool Tip, 44 toolbar, 1110, 1145 Toolbar form property, 371 Toolbar Options button, Access window toolbar, 45 Toolbar Properties dialog box, 839 Toolbar type, Toolbar Properties dialog box, 840 Toolbox, 354, 376–377 Toolbox bar, 618 Toolbox button, Design View toolbar, 460 TOP, 741–742 Top format property, 431 Top Margin format property, 432 Top Values property, 1197 topic keywords, 1163–1164 Topic pane, 1144, 1146–1147 Top(n) query type, 1189–1191 Total Field Record Limit category, Total: row, 1203 Total query, 156, 553–557 Total: row activating and deactivating, 1200 Aggregate category, 1203 aggregate function, 1202 Aggregate Total criteria, 1211–1212 all records example, 1205–1206 Avg option, 1204 Count option, 1204 Expression category, 1203 expressions, 1213–1216 First option, 1204 Group by category, 1202–1203 Group By criteria, 1210–1211 groups of records example, 1206–1210 Last option, 1204 Index ✦ T–U Max option, 1204 Min option, 1204 Non-Aggregate Total criteria, 1212–1213 options, 1201 QBE pane, 1200 StDev option, 1204 Sum option, 1204 Total Field Record Limit category, 1203 Var option, 1204 Transact-SQL keyword, 901 Transparent Border datasheet border line style, 113 Transparent border style, 424 trapping errors, 876 trial software, 1347 triggers, 942–943 Triggers for Table dialog box, 942 Trim() function, 731 Triple State, check boxes, 404 troubleshooting, 1258, 1353 True value absolute speed, 1290 relational operators, 208 True/False settings, Yes/No datatype format, 69 Turbo Browser, 1352 twelve hour clock setting, 68 2NF See second normal form two-dimensional charts, 632 two-pass report writer, 467 txt (Text Box), form/report control naming convention prefix, 360, 1360 txtTotalPayments, 550 Type index property, Access project, 929 U UCase() function, 725 UDF See user-defined function uf_ClearForm function, unbound form, 915 uf_DeleteRecord function, unbound form, 915 uf_DisplayRecord function, unbound form, 913–914 uf_FindRecord function, unbound form, 915, 920 uf_NewRecord function, unbound form, 915 uf_SaveRecord function, unbound form, 915 uf_SetEditedFlag function, unbound form, 915 unattached label control, 376–377 unattached labels in reports, 475–476 unattached text, graphs, 630 unbound combo box, 757–759 unbound controls, 338–340, 355–356 unbound form, 919–920 basUnboundFormUtilities Module Window, 913 connecting to SQL Server database, 913 creating, 912–913 definition, 910 displaying data on, 913 example, 911–912 finding records, 919–920 FlagEdited hidden control, 913 FlagFind hidden control, 913 uf_ClearForm function, 915 uf_DeleteRecord function, 915 uf_DisplayRecord function, 913–914 uf_FindRecord function, 915, 920 uf_NewRecord function, 915 uf_SaveRecord function, 915 uf_SetEditedFlag function, 915 UpdateCtr hidden control, 913 updating data, 916–919 when to use, 910–911 xDataSource control, 913 xKey control, 913 xProvider control, 913 xRecordset control, 913 unbound object, 604, 607 Unbound Object Frame control, 545 unbound object frame control, 311 unbound picture, adding to report, 545–547 UNC See Universal Naming Convention Undo Batch Edit form event property, 684 Undo button Access window toolbar, 45 Datasheet toolbar, 90 Undo Current Field/Record command, 104 Undo Saved Record command, 104 Undo Typing command, 104 undoing, change to current record, 103 Undo/Redo button, Design View toolbar, 460 unhiding, column, 111 Unicode code page type, 291 Unicode Compression field property, 63 Unicode Compression property, linked table, 270 Uniform Resource Locator (URL), 949 union query, 1260–1261 Unique Records property, 1197 Unique Values property, 1197 uniqueidentifier, SQL Server data type, 901 Unistat label brand, 576 Universal Naming Convention (UNC), 1019 Until clause, repetitive looping, 708–709 UnTools, 1352 untrapped errors, 795 unused variables, impact on absolute speed, 1292–1293 Update Data permission, 1102, 1128 Update Data Users group account, 1131 Update method, ActiveX Data Objects, 748 UpdateCtr hidden control, unbound form, 913 updating data, unbound form, 916–919 updating records with ActiveX Data Objects, 746 updating rules, multiple-table query, 189 Upsizing Wizard Access and SQL Server data types, 900–901 backing up data, 894 command bars, 909 conversion process, 898–899 converting Access front end into Access project, 904–906 converting application interface objects, 897 creating Client/Server application, 906–909 Continued 1399 1400 Index ✦ U–V Upsizing Wizard (continued) creating database structure without data, 897 data access pages, 909 database permissions, 894 default printer, 894 defaults, 896 forms, 909 indexes, 896 macros, 898, 909 modules, 898, 909 purpose of upsizing, 893–894 queries, 909 renaming tables, 897 report snapshot, 899–900 reports, 909 SQL Server Service Manager, 894 starting, 895–896, 904 table relationships, 896 tables, 909 timestamp fields, 896–897 validation rules, 896 verifying hard drive space requirements, 894 URL See Uniform Resource Locator Use Transaction property, 1199 USEDEFAULTSAPWD setting, 891 User Manager, 1352 user name, 1117 user profile, 1115 user-defined custom formats Date/Time settings, 67 Yes/No data-type, 69 user-defined function (UDF) Access project, 938–942 creating, 939 definition, 722, 938 scalar, 940 table-valued, 941 using in stored procedures, 941–942 user-defined, SQL Server data type, 901 using multiple tables, data access page, 1000–1005 using other queries with, 557–558 UTF-7 code page type, 291 UTF-8 code page type, 291 V Val() function, 725 valid date, 731 validation automatic, 95 date ranges, 74 definition, 73 entering incorrect data type into field, 74 Validation Rule field property, 63 Validation Rule property box, 394 validation rules, Upsizing Wizard, 896 Validation Text constraint property, Access project, 931 Validation Text field property, 63 Validation Text index property, Access project, 930 Validation Text property box, 394 value copying and pasting, 105 definition, editing techniques, 103 finding and replacing, 105–106 replacing manually, 102 undoing changes, 104 Value List Row Source Type, 411 Var option, Total: row, 1204 varbinary, SQL Server data type, 901 varchar, SQL Server data type, 901 variables declaring, 698 Dim statement, 699 naming, 697–698 Private statement, 700 Public statement, 699–700 VBA See Visual Basic for Applications vbAbort constant, 693 vbAbortRetryIgnore constant, 691 vbApplicationModal constant, 692 vbCancel constant, 693 vbCritical constant, 692 vbDefaultButton1 constant, 692 vbDefaultButton2 constant, 692 vbDefaultButton3 constant, 692 vbDefaultButton4 constant, 692 vbExclamation constant, 692 vbIgnore constant, 693 vbInformation constant, 692 vbMsgBoxHelpButton constant, 692 vbMsgBoxRight constant, 692 vbMsgBoxRrlReading constant, 692 vbMsgBoxSetForeground constant, 692 vbNo constant, 693 vbOK constant, 693 vbOKCancel constant, 691 vbOKOnly constant, 691 vbQuestion constant, 692 vbRetry constant, 693 vbRetryCancel constant, 692 vbSystemModal constant, 692 VBToolBox, 1352 vbYes constant, 693 vbYesNo constant, 692 vbYesNoCancel constant, 691 verifying hard drive space requirements, Upsizing Wizard, 894 Vertical Gridline, 113 vertical scroll bar, 352 View button Datasheet toolbar, 89 Query Design window, 162 View Compiled File dialog box, 1164 View Query Designer, Access project, 933 view, saving as data access page, 1026–1027 viewing code sample, Visual Basic, 660–661 viewing options, database object pane, 43 Visible format property, 431 Visual Basic Access 2003 Module Help, 672–673 AutoQuick Info, 673 Code window, 669 column numbers, 773 Command Button Wizard, 660–662 compared to macros, 655–656 compiling procedures, 673 converting macros into, 657–659 creating modules, 667–670 creating procedures, 671–672 data types, 700–703 declarations section, 670 Design window, 674–675 DoCmd methods, 659 Index ✦ V–Z editing procedures, 675–676 event-driven environment, 663–664 form and report modules, 665–666 Function procedures, 664–665 Immediate window, 677 Option Explicit statement, 670 saving modules, 673 standard modules, 666–667 Sub procedures, 664 viewing code sample, 660–661 widespread use of, 662–663 Visual Basic Code, 1137–1139 Visual Basic data variable naming conventions, 1361 Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), 9, 385 Visual dBase file, 257 V-Tools, 1352 W wallpaper, impact on absolute speed, 1281 Watches window, 791–792 watchpoint, 794 WAV file extension, 331 WBS Chart Pro, 1352 Web browsers, types, 948 Web hyperlink, storing as OLE object, 97 Web page See also HyperText Markup Language converting to latest version of Access, 994 storing as OLE object, 97 WebMerge, 1352 week of year setting, 68 Weekday() function, 727 weekday name setting, 68 Western European code page type, 291 What’s This Button form property, 367 What’s This? help, 44 WHERE, 739, 743 While clause, repetitive looping, 707–709 Whole Field option, Match drop-down list, 101 WID See Workgroup ID widespread use of Visual Basic, 662–663 Width form property, 367 Width format property, 431 wildcards using to find data, 101 using with Like operator, 214, 229–232 WinACE, 1352 WinRAR, 1352 window split bar, 183 Windows applications, obtaining external data from, 248 Windows code page type, 291 WinZIP, 1352 With command, 769 With function, impact on absolute speed, 1290 WMF file extension, 434 WMV file extension, 331 Word file, storing as OLE object, 97 Word Link, 1352 word processing file, importing, 282 Word.Application class argument, 1089 Word.Document class argument, 1089 Workgroup Administrator, 1113 Workgroup ID (WID), 1129 workgroup information file, 1102 workgroups, 1112 workspace, 350–351 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 1039 WPG file extension, 434 writing procedures with ActiveX Data Objects, 746–748 W3C See World Wide Web Consortium X xBase database, 257 Xbooks, 1352 xDataSource control, unbound form, 913 XHTML See eXtensible HyperText Markup Language xKey control, unbound form, 913 XLS file extension, 262 XML See eXtensible Markup Language XML document, 249, 275, 295 XML schema definition (XSD), 1039 XML Transform, 1026 xProvider control, unbound form, 913 xRecordset control, unbound form, 913 XSD See XML schema definition xsd file extension, 1038, 1041 XSL See eXtensible Stylesheet Language XSL transformation (XSLT), 1039, 1042 X2Net WebCompiler, 1352 XY chart, 632 Y YDM date order, 292 Year 2000 compliancy, Date/Time date-type format, 67 Year() function, 727 Year property, 650 Yes I Can Run My Business, 1352 Yes value, relational operators, 208 Yes/No data type automatic data-type validation, 95 changing other data types to, 62 compared to SQL Server data type, 900 compared to Visual Basic data type, 703 controls used with, 315–316 definition, 27, 53 formats, 68–69 rules, 55 Yes/No options, displaying, 403–404 YMD date order, 292 Z zero (0) input mask, 71 Numeric custom format, 65 Yes/No data-type format, 68 zero length, 63 Zip Code Companion, 1352 ZipCode Lookup, 1352 Zoom display, image 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Kit She has co-authored Access 2003 Bible, Access 2002 Bible, and Access 2000 Weekend Crash Course She has also written chapters in other books on subjects including Data Access Pages, the Microsoft... Programming (Prentice Hall), Microsoft Access 2002 Bible, Microsoft Access 2002 Bible Gold Edition (co-authored), and Working with the Internet The Access Bible series have constantly been number