học tốt tiếng anh 12 nâng cao

học tốt tiếng anh 12 nâng cao tham khảo

VÕ THỊ THÚY ANH TÔN N PHƯƠNG CHI E N G E N G ■ ta B-H l I ẰNG CAO COPY & PASTE E N G E N G N N \J NHÀ XUẨT BẢN ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI QpG Há Nội UNIT 1: HOME LIFE PART A VOCABULARY battle /'baetl / (n) : trận đánh, chiến đấu a fierce battle : trận đánh ác liệt to go out to battle : chiến trường, chiến đấu to die in battle : tử trận to battle with sb about sth : tranh luận ác liệt với battle (v) with / against sb / sth, for sth : chiến đấu battle with the winds and waves : vật lộn với sóng gió bewilder /bi'wilda/ (v) : làm (ai) bối rối, lúng túng, hoang mang Ex:The noise and the crowds bewildered her bewildering (a) : gây bối rối bewilderment (n) : bối rối conduct /kan'dAkƯ (v) : chi đạo, tiến hành, hướng dẫn,điều hành, quản lý lE x: told the bodyguard to conduct him the door conflict /'kDnflikt / (n) : xung đột, xung đột Ex:Soldiers involved inan armed conflict conflict /'knnflikt / (v) with sth : mâu thuẫn, xung đột, đối lập Ex:Their thoughts conflict with ours contribute /kon'tribjuit/ (v) sth to / towards sth : đóng góp, góp phần Ex:Her work has contributed enormously our understanding o f this difficult subject contributor (n) : người đóng góp ý kiến, người gởi đăng báo contribution (n) : đóng góp credit /'krediư (n) : lòng tin, tín nhiệm, tin cậy Ex:The rumour isgaining credit : tín chỉ, chứng chi : khen thường (praise, approval) to give sb credit for: khen thưởng (ai, gì) Ex: She gained credits in nuclear physics to buy on credit : mua chịu to grant sb credit : cho mua chịu to refuse sb credit : không cho mua chịu disgust /dis'gxst / (v) : làm ghê tởm, kinh tởm, làm ghê sợ Ex:It disgusts me to see him abusing his wife in public disgust (n) at sth, for / with sb: kinh tởm, ghê tởm, chán ghét Ex: She expressed her disgust at the government's failure to act She turned away in disgust disgusted (a) at / by / with oneself / sb / sth: cảm thấy ghê tởm, chán ghét dismay /dis’mei/ (n) : cảm giác tinh thần, nản lòng dismay /dis'mei/ (v) (thường dùng dạng bị đ ộ n g ): làm tinh thần, choáng váng, nhụt chí, nản lòng Ex: Wewere all dismayed /at by h divvy up /'divi xp/ (v) : cilia se Ex: Family members should divvy up household chores dynamics /dai'næmiks/ (n) : động lực học, động lực dynamic (a) : động, nổ glare /gieo/ (n) : nhỉn giận dừ, nhìn chằm chằm : ánh sáng chói lòa, vè hào nhống glare /gieo/ (v) at sb: nhìn chàm chàm vào : phát ánh sáng chói lòa irritated (a) : giận /'ưo.teitod/ laundry (n) : tiệm giặt /'b:ndri/ nag (v) at sb, sb about sth: càu nhàu, cằn nhằn, /naeg/ chì chiết, đay nghiến Ex: This naughty fellow nags at his wife at any time pigsty /'pigstai/ (n) : chuồng heo pragmatic /præg'mætik / (a) : thực dụng, thực tế scenario /so'næri:,Oü/ (n) —» số nhiều scenarios: kịch /'tadtar/ toddler (n): đứa bé học PART B GRAMMAR I Present Simple * Form: s + V (s / es) * Use: • Diễn tả hành động mang tính thói quen Vi dụ: -I come to class on time every day - He often plays tennis in the afternoon • Diễn tả thật bất biến, chân lý luôn Vidụ: - Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen - A magnet attracts iron • Thì đơn dùng để tóm tắt kiện văn kể, hay kiện lịch sử Vi dụ: -In Chapter 1, Susan meets David, and agrees to go to the dance scho with him - In 1789 the French Revolution begins II Reported Speech: Statements and Questions • Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp cần lưu ý số vấn đề sau: + Nếu động từ tường thuật (reporting verb) chia chủng ta giữ nguyên (tense) động từ chính, đại từ định trạng từ chi nơi chon trạng từ chi thời gian câu trực tiếp chuyển sang gián tiếp Vi dụ: - He says: "I'm going to Ha Noi next week." ị ị reporting verb - He main verb sayshe is going to Ha Noi next week + Nếu động từ tường thuật (reporting verb) câu khứ phải lùi động tứ khứ bậc chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián tiếp (indircct / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau: Direct speech Reported speech —> will / shall would / should was / were going to am / is / are going to -* —> present simple past simple -» present continuous past continuous —> past continuous past perfect continuous -» present perfect past perfect past simple -> past perfect must —> had to -> could can Vi du Direct speech: “I'll talk to Mr Jones,” said he ị i reporting verb main verb Reported speech: He said he would talk to Mr Jones + Một số động từ không thay đồi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp, would —> would, could -» could, might —» might, should -» should, ought to -» ought to + Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật khứ trạng từ chi thời gian nơi chốn đại từ chi định chuyển đổi theo quy tăc sau: Direct speech Reported speech —> today that day —^ tonight that night —> tomorrow the next day / the following day -» the day before / the previous day yesterday -> before ago —» now then next / on Tuesday -» the next / following Tuesday —^ last T uesday the previous Tuesday the Tuesday before the day after tomorrow ->• in two days’ time / two days later —> that this these those -> the this / that here there Vi dụ: Direct speech: "I'm leaving h said Mary Reported speech: Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day * Nguyên tắc áp dụng cho tất các loại câu tường thuật Reported statements: _ s + sa y(s)/sa id + + V * says / say to + O -> tells / tell + O said to + O -> told + O Vidu: - He said to me:"I haven't finished my work." — He told me he hadn't finished his work Reported questions: A Wh-questions: asked (+ ) + Wh-words + s + V s + wanted to know wondered Ví dụ: -They asked us: "Where are you going on holiday?" — They asked US w here we were going on holiday - "What are you talking about?" said the teacher —* The teacher asked US what we were talking about * says / say to + o -> asks / ask + o said to + o —> asked + o Ví dụ: - He said to me: "Who are you writing to?" — He asked me who I was writing to B Yes / No questions: * Câu tường thuật loại câu hỏi Có hay Khơng (Yes / No questions) có dạng sau: s + asked ( + O) + if /w hether + s + V wanted to know _ wondered _ Vidụ: "Are you angry?" he asked — He asked if / whether was angry "Did you see the film?" Tam asked — Tam asked if / whether / had seen the film * Liru ý :Khi tường thuật câu hỏi Có hay Khơng (Yes - No questions), ta phải chuyển câu hỏi trực tiếp sang dạng khẳng định, thực thay đổi thì, trạng từ chi thời gian, trạng từ chi nơi chốn, đại từ chi định, chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, đại từ sở hữu cho phù hợp * says / say to + o -> asks / ask + o said to + O -» asked + o Vidụ: - He said to me: "Have you been to America?" — He asked me if / whether had been to America PART c TRANSLATION AND ANSWER KEY ♦ READING * Before You Read a) A ironing clothes B mopping the floor c watering plants D air-drying the laundry b) (Câu trả lời cùa học sinh) * Reading Text ■ Bài dịch "'Dọn dẹp phòng ổ lợn Ngay lập tức!" Virginia quát cô gái tuổi teen chị nhìn qua cửa phòng ngủ cô bé sau ngày dài làm việc Cô gái, ngồi bắt chéo chân sàn nhà, ngước mắt lên từ vờ tập toán với nhìn giận đầy vẻ kinh ngạc phẫn nộ Cuộc xung đột hàng đêm bắt đầu vào thường lệ, xác 6:05 chiều Kịch bàn quen thuộc với "gây chiến" thường xuyên với xung quanh chuyện làm việc nhà Vậy đâu "phương pháp thần diệu" bắt trẻ chùi nhà, giặt giũ, nấu nướng, rửa bát, hay làm công việc hàng ngày khác để nhà cửa gọn gàng, ngăn nắp? Những bậc cha mẹ phiền lòng thường tự hỏi họ sai chỗ "Tôi nhớ tuổi nó," Virginia bối rối nói, ám chi Terri, cô gái 15 tuổi chị "Tôi phải làm việc nhà nhiều gấp đôi Vậy mà không mơ đến chuyện rũ bỏ trách nhiệm nàỵ Bọn trẻ làm việc dễ dàng Theo kêt khảo sát gân Soap and Detergent Association tiến hành có 25% cha mẹ trả lời vấn thú nhận họ thường xuyên cằn nhằn chuyện dọn dẹp nhà cửa Những nhiệm vụ khác thu nhặt áo (Ịuần bẩn, đem chén bát ăn xong vào bồn rửa, hay đem phơi khăn tắm ướt thứ khiển cha mẹ quan tâm Sự thật trẻ em ngày làm nhiều việc nhà cha mẹ chúng khen ngợi, Sampson Lee Blair, nhà xã hội học gia đình cùa đại học bang Arizona nhận xét Nghiên cứu cùa ông cho thấy trẻ em từ đến 18 tuổi làm 12% việc nhà Ơng cho biết số 10 có trẻ em Mỹ làm việc nhà tùy mức độ "Lượng công việc mà trẻ em hỗ ừợ gia đình cần thiết," ơng Blair nói "Là chủ lao động, bạn thử tường tượng 12% lực lượng lao động nào? Sẽ thiệt hại" Ông Blair nghiên cứu động gia đình thập niên Ơng xem xét vai trò cụ thể cấu trúc gia đình việc gia đình chia sẻ việc nhà thể Kết nghiên cứu thú vị Ỏng cho hầu hết bậc cha mẹ đương đại không cần thiết phải lo lắng đến việc dạy kỹ phát triển chúng thuộc khía cạnh thực tế a) I Children often negelect their duty on house chores such as cleaning their room, clearing the table after meals, or hanging up wet towels Moreover, some o f them are often irritated when they are reminded of their mess or responsibilities She complained that she used to twice as much domestic chores as her daughter did Most American children contribute to the household chores at some level, particularly, 6-8 - year - old children contribute 12 percent o f all household labor b) —c 2-e -d -b -f -a c) * G ợ iý I live in a family o f : mom, d a d , and myself Mom / Dad is the most influential preson in the family He / She assigns us to routine chores in the house My duty is In addition, I'm responsible for However, I’m often That makes n y mom / dad irritated and he / she is always nagging me into doing mv responsibilities ♦ LISTENING a) * Picture A: a walking toddler Picture B: feeding Picture C: vacuuming Picture D: cleaning b) Feeding and watering pets Cleaning floors and carpets Sweeping and mopping floors Vacuuming Cleaning spots on carpets Watering lawns and plants Cleaning windows and sliding glass doors Spraying window cleaner Wiping windows c) (Học sinh tự trả lời) Listening script Well, feeding and watering pets are important in the summer Especially in hot weati'er, animals need to be watered like humans With ỉll the water activities of summer, floors and carpets also need to be cleaned more often Kids can help sweep and mop floors if they are taught how Vacuuming is a chore that most children can Cleaning spots on carpets can be done by children if parents take a few minutes to train them Watering lawns and plants is a great summer chore for kids Even a toddler can water flowers and plants, and most young children love water, so take advantage of the development process and give them something important and fun to Windows and sliding glass doors seem to collect hand prints in the summer Why not include the kids in this cleanup project? Spraying window cleaner on a window can be lots o f fun, and wiping the windows clean a satisfying task ♦ SPEAKING a) l - e b) * Apologizing and Expressing Regret -f 3- b -a -d -c Gợi ý l You forgot to water the pot plants Your mom is getting upset with you now Mom: Lan, why didn't you water the pot plants? Haven't you seen its leaves drooping for lack of water? Lan: Oh, I'm awfully sorry, Mom I didn't want it so I was so overwhelmed with my test preparation that I forgot to water it I'll it right now Mom You forgot to clear the table after dinner Your mom is complaining about that Mom: Lan, clear the table and return the soiled dishes to the sink Why aren’t you doing your duty? You let me remind you of it every day! Lan: Sorry about that Mom Could you help me with it today? I have to rush to school now because we have a play rehearsal this evening A neighbor is visiting your house You have spilled a cup of tea on her lap when serving her Nam: Oh, I hope you'll forgive my clumsiness, Mrs Ly Let me get a towel to dry your dress Mrs Ly: That's OK, boy But be careful next time Nam: Sure Thank you, ma'am, c) * Gai y Last week I had to make an apology to my parents because forgot to pick up my younger brother from kindergarten My mom had asked me to so because she had a meeting late then I had promised to so, but later, I played soccer with some boys in the neighborhood so enthusiastically that I forgot to get my brother home When I got home, my parents were very irritated because they had been so worried about my brother and me that my dad had to go to kindergarten.When he reached there, the boy was crying and his teacher was very nervous My parents scolded and nagged me about my irresponsibility, and particularly, my lack of love for my little brother I was punished by not going out on weekends for two weeks I knew I was wrong I apologized to my parents for my error and promised not to commit it again because I love my little brother Well, everyone makes mistakes in some way, but the thing is to realize them and avoid making them again Right? ♦ WRITING W riting About Family Rules taped behave respect arguing a) family rules truth b) * Gợi ỷ - Family rules are familiar patterns and habits on which the family relies to manage its daily life - These will provide memories for children to take into adulthood - Many family rules are created to celebrate holidays; others may celebrate family togetherness, seasons, charitable giving, or community events - As families grow and change, so their home rules - The repetition o f home rules gives a sense of security of knowing what is expected and helps build a sense of responsibility - Family rules are posted where everyone can see them and use pictures with captions for young children - Family rules set times for activities such as meals, brushing teeth, leaving for school, homeworkd and bedtime - Family members will quickly learn that everything has its place - Children are taught to make lists for themselves - Selecting clothes the night before may avoid a scramble in the morning - Having toys picked up at the end of the day can create an order for everyone - Put a basket by the door for all the hats, a shelf for shoes and slippers - Keep writing materials in a specific drawer - Share household responsibilities with each other whenever possible - Feeding pets, setting the table, loading the washer can be accomplished together - Use mealtime to get caught up on the day's events and activities at school - Set regular times for certain activities including meals, homework, cleanup, and bedtime - Create designated spaces in your home for everyone's belongings so each family member knows where everything belongs - Use calendars, charts, or planners to help keep track of schedules and commitments c) * Bài viết gợi ỷ Minh Anh 15 Ngo Ọuyen Hai Phong May 24, 2008 Dear Jane, Nice to hear from you again Thanks for your letter and the photos I'm glad you're getting along well with the home stay family Well, every home should have its own family rules In my family, my parents also set family rules They think these will provide memories for US to take into adulthood Our family set times for activities such as meals, brushing teeth, leaving for school, homework, and bedtime My mom posts these rules together with pictures on the door of the refrigerator so that everyone can see them when we come to the kitchen I myself think these family rules are helpful because they set times for activities and help us avoid doing things at the last minute Moreover, we can share household responsibilities with each other whenever possible Each family member knows where everything belongs because there are designated spaces for everyone's belongings in the house I began learning our family rules from an early age, and I think these rules are patterns and habits on which we can rely to manage our daily lives Do you agFee with me? Do you have any plans for Christmas and New Year? Give my regards to your family With loves, Minh Anh 10 ♦ LANGUAGE FOCUS Word Study * Combination with and House household appliances : dụng cụ gia đình (bếp ga, bếp điện, máy rửa chén bát, máy giặt ) housekeeper(n) : quản gia home economics (n) : môn nữ công gia chánh, kinh tế gia đình guesthouse (n) : nhà khách, nhà nghi homecoming (n) : việc trở nhà, họp mặt cựu HS, sv hometown (n) : (thành phố) quê hương housewarming (n) : lễ ăn mừng nhà mới, tân gia make yourself at home : tự nhiên nhà hometown household appliances homecoming make yourself at home home economics guesthouse housewarming housekeeper Grammar ■ Present Simple Expressing Routine What time does she put dirty dishes in the sink and wash them? What time does she the laundry and hang up wet clothes? What time does she take the baby to kindergarten? What time does she mail letters? What time does she shop for food? What time does she prepare lunch? What time does she take a nap? What time does she pick up the baby? What time does she prepare dinner? ■ Reported Speech: Statements and Questions Reporting: First, the interviewer wanted to know how many children Mrs Green had She said that she had two, a daughter and a son Then the interviewer asked about the conflicts between her and her children She said it was a long story Her children were always neglecting their domestic responsibilities and arguing when being reminded Next, the interviewer wanted examples She let him know that she often battled with her daughter against the latter's messy room or her irresposibility for collecting and disposing of the garbage can Finally, the interviewer wanted to know about the conflict with her son She complained that her son was worse than his sister He never helped her with household chores He was always taking out things and never returning them to their places * b) Virginia said that she remembered when she had been her daughter’s age She had had twice as much work to around the house She wouldn't have dreamed o f blowing off the responsibility And that today's kids had too easy responsibility UNIT 15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY PART A VOCABULARY access /’sekses/ (n) : loi vậo đường vào Ex: The access to the garden is through the kitchen bar /ba:/ (v) : nuãn cấm Ex: Ik omen in the old time were barred from most profession burden /'b3:dn/ (n) : gánh nặng to bend beneath the burden : cõng xuống gánh nặng to be a burden to sb : gánh nặng cùa burden /'b3:dn/ (v) : chồng lên đè nặng lẽn to be burdened with debts : nợ nân chông chát (v) : bất buộc compel /kom 'pel/ compel submission : bẳt phái khuất phục conduct /kan’dAkt/ (v) : chì đạo thực hiện, dẫn điện Ex: She was appointed to conduct the advertising campaign confine /kan'fain/ (v) : giam hãm Ex: It is cruel to confine a bird in a cage deny /di'nai/ (v) : phũ nhận, từ chối Ex: She denied knowing anything about it device /di'vais/ (n) : thiết bị Ex: Women has been freed from housework thanks to labor-saving devices mechanize /"mekanaiz/ (v) : CCT giới hóa Ex: The country's agriculture is rapidly being mechanized medieval /.rnidi'i:V3Ỉ/ (a) : (thuộc) thời Trung c ổ overlook /.oovarlok/ (v) : xem nhẹ bò qua Ex: We shouldn't overlook such serious offences vast /va:st/ (a) : mênh mông, rộng lớn vast /va:st/ (n) : rộng lớn, bao la PART B GRAMMAR I Sentence and Clause Connectors • Chúng ta CÓ thể dùng từ / cụm từ liên kết / sau câu: * Bồ sung thêm ý kiến: ♦ Trong cảu: - furthermore: nữa, - moreover: - in addtition / besides: thêm vào dó bẽn cạnh đỏ, ngồi - as well as / in addition to: với - not only but also: mà * Diền tả đối lập, tương phản: 120 • II Tio'JUi câu: - on the oilier hand: mặt khác - however: tuv nhiên, tuv the - nevertheless: tuv nhiên, tuv the mà - in contrast / on the contrary / as opposed to: trái lại ngược lại Nài mệnh đề: - but: - yet: nhiên, U1V thê - although / (even) though: mặc dil - whereas / while: mà / trái lại Giãi thích lý do: as a result / consequently / thus / hence / for that reason: vi vậv mà, the / lý má Adverbial clauses of Manner with As and As I f As • • • • • •• • • As liên từ dửng trước mệnh đề (as -+ s + V) với nghĩa như, V dụ: - You should have done as I showed you - Don’t move anything Leave everything as it is As dược dùng cụm tư: as usual (như lần), as you know (như bạn bêt day), as we expected (như chủng ta tưởng), as I said (như tơi nói) As dược dùng với darh từ (as 1- noun) nói điều gi thực diền n (nghè nghiệp cùa đó, cách sir dụng gi) Vi dụ: - Marble Arch once was used as the gate into ! !yd: Park - He works as an engineer - She is known as a journalist As if (= as though) As if dùng nói gi tròng / nghe / cam thấy có vè ị í dụ: - The house locked as If / as though nobody was living in it - Ann sounds as if / as though she's got a cold - He ran as if / as though he was running for his life Sau as if dùng thi khứ bàng thai (past subjunctive) dể nói SJT việc xảy Hình thức khứ động từ chi hành dộng trái với SJ thật Có thể dùng WERE thay cho WAS Sau as if đơi dùng q khứ hồn thành dề nói việc xảy q khử Hình thức q khứ hồn thành cùa dộng từ chi hãnh động trái với tiật khứ 17 dụ: - Thev treat me as if I were their son - She looked at me as if she had been hurt PA.RĨ c TRANSLATION AND ANSWER KEY ♦ READING * Before You Read D c E a) F A B 121 * A B c D E F b) * ■ A B c 122 Ghi chu rhe Trung Sisters: Vietnamese heroines who defeated the Chinese invaders, and I rung Nu Vuong rci tilled the country Iront 40 to 43 Marie Curie (18t)7 1034): Polish physicist and chemist in France; discovered o f radium (1898) Her husband Piere Curie (1859-1906): French physicist and chemist, codiscoverer of radi Jill Margaret (Hilda) Thatcher ( I 925-) British Prime Minister ( 1979-1990) Hellen Adams) Kellert 1880 |98(>): l s lecturer and author; blind and deaf from infancy Mary Kingslev (1862-1900); explorer and anthropologist Sally Ride ( 19 1-): American female astronaut, Gợi V (Any famous women in science, art music, history, politics ) Women's role in society - Being the main source of the labor force in society - Contributing their effort and ability to the building of the country - Making social life more colorful - Taking care o f their families - Bring up their children Reading Text Bùi dịch Phần lớn lịch sử phương I ây cho thầy phụ nữ dược giao phó cơng việc tề gia nội trợ hoạt động xà hội lại dành cho đàn ông Ở Châu Âu vào thời Trung cổ, phụ nữ bị tước quyên sơ hữu tãi san riêng, quyền học tập vả tham gia vào hoạt động cơng cộng Váo CIIỊĨ thê ký |9 Pháp, phụ nừ buộc phải trùm kín đẩu đường va sô noi or Đức, chồng vần cỏ quyền bán vợ Thậm chí gần lã vảo dâu the ky 20 phụ nừ Mv quyền bầu năm giữ chức vụ dân bâu Phụ nữ bị cấm hoạt động kinh doanh khơng có nam giới dứng làm người dại diện có thẻ cha anh trai, chồng, đại lv hợp pháp, chí trai Phụ nữ dã lập uia dinh không dược áp dụm» qun kiốm sốt cùa với minh mà không chổng cho phép Horn phụ nữ không dược học hành Vá vi the nghề nghiệp Phụ nữ ln có địa vị xà hội tháp so với đàn ông khoảng cách chẽnh lệch giới thay dối theo liền vãn hỏa thời đại Năm 1980, Liên Hiệp Ọuốc mô tã gánh nạng bất binh dăng cua phụ nữ sau; phụ nữ chiêm nửa dân số thể giới, thực hai phần còng việc thể giới, chi có phàn mười thu nhập cua thể giới sờ hữu phân trăm cùa cài giới Tuy nhiên, phụ nừ Mỹ dà đồn kết lại tạo gọi “Phong trào giải phóng phụ nữ." Nhờ cỏ sụ phát trien cua cíic phương pháp sinh dẻ có kr hoạch vả máy móc tiết kiệm sưc lao động dùng gia đinh mả phụ nữ có sống thoải mái Vai trò cùa họ khơng ý đến vài thập niên qua Rồi không làu sau người ta dã hiêu rang phụ nữ nên cỏ vai trò lớn điều vần dược cho trách nhiệm mả lẽ họ nên có a) b) Phụ nil dà có nhiêu lien hộ lon lao v ẽ lõi SÔI1U Ilọ đaim nắm giừ nhiêu chức vụ cao chinh phu trườnii dại học hay tronu doanh nghiệp Neu không cỏ phụ nữ dàn óng khơng tim dược muiồn an ui o người bên cạnh họ lúc khó khán, hoạn nạn Dù gi di chănu phụ nữ ln dónu vai trò quan trọng \ã hội họ mang lại tinh thương nhiều cam xúc cho sống I being completed catch in tỉ on exercising deny ini: barred I F F T T T c) I *> d) ♦ a) b) c) I he development o f effective birth-control methods and of mechanized laborsaving devices for the home causes women to have more freedom in their life Many women have held high positions in governments, universities, and businesses In addition, tliev have also been homemakers building happy families for societv I think that women have to two full-time jobs at the same time, so they feel tired and it is unfair to them GV/7 y I think both men and women can big things Through history', we found that women could be great explorers, scientists, writers, and even prime ministers or presidents Women can stand the pressure in their work like men Women are suitable for the kind of work which requires patience and high skills LISTENING Gợi V □ mapping an area exploring rivers, rain forests, animals iZl collecting information about customs, language reliuion there talking with local people □ enjoying local food IZI participating in local festivals collectine samples of and information about the artifacts found in the place A B B B B A A 20 years old 14 hours and 30 minutes 24 d) (Học sinh tự tra lời) * Listening script • P art I M ary Kingsley Teacher: Today, we'll talk about Mary Kingsley, a female explorer in the 19"’ century Mai: That sounds interesting What did she do? Teacher: Well, after her parents' death, she went to West Africa by herself and stayed there fo r2 months, between 1893 and 1895 Nam: By herself? And what did she there? 123 Teacher: She got on with the villagers \er\ well so she could gather information about Mriean customs, laws, and religion She also collected fish for the British Museum ! her she wrote books about her travels Mai: Oh so she V Is both an explore! and a writer? Teacher: Wei!, vcs she set oft the stud) of African anthropology, so she was an anthropo ogist as well In addition, her books helped change the attitude of Europeans toward Africans I nfortunately, she died at the age of 38 Nam: I just h ope that I could half as much as she did • Part II Gertrude Ederle In 192Ú, Gertrude Ederle became the first woman to swim across the English Channel at the age of 20 She set her record at 14 hours and 30 minutes Only five men had succeeded in swimming the Channel before her and she beat the record by more than two hours That record stood for 24 years before it was broken in 1930 bs Florence Chadwick She died in New York when she was 98 ♦ SPEAKING Talking About Differences Between Women's Roles in Old Times and Those in Modern Times a) Gợi V * Womens Life in Old l imes - Women were expected to stay home to take care of their husbands and children - Women had to obey men in the family - Women did not have the right to express their opinions - Many women were illiterate * Women's Life in Modem Times - Women take part in a lot of movements, charity work - Women are good wives at home and good employees in offices or factories b) Gợi ý SI: What are the differences between women in old times and women in modern times? S2: Well, unlike women in modern times, women in the past were not allowed to express their opin ions There is a big difference between women ill old times and women ill modern times Manv women today can earn universitity degrees Many of them are holding important positions in government, business, and education The difference between women in old times and women in modern times is that today many o f them have taken part ill politics, sports, art c) (Học sinh làm V iệc theo nhõm) ♦ WRITING Making a Request for Recommendation a) 124 Gợi ý Dear Mr Tan, The scholarship of Havard University has just been advertised and I have decided to apply for it I wonder if you would be kind enough to let me use your name as one who will write a recommendation letter for me And W'ould you please send me your recommendation letter M r io ig h \o u have no I been n q iia in ic c l w ith im w o rk since I le i! the sch o ol Nears ago il w o u ld he s u ffic ie n t ¡1 VOII w ere able to speak a b ou t 'i n lim e at O uoc I lo e 11itill S chool I w m id be m ost urate I'll I ifN i.n i c o u ld SUN a few w o rd s o il 111 N b e h a lf V o i II S s in c e rc K Mai h) h e a r M r N am , I have d e c id e d to a p p K fo r the p o s itio n o f r e p o r t e r w h ic h is open at the T V S ta tio n in N o C h i M in h C itN I w o n d e r il s o il w o u ld be k in d e n ough to w rite a re c o m m e n d a tio n le tte r and a few w o ld s on n n b e h a lf c) ♦ * was a student in your class 12 AI and left school two years ago Would you please speak about nn time in Nour class at Quang I'runti I ligh School? M\ gratitude and sincere thanks to NOII Yours sincerely Minh (Học sinh tự làm) LANGUAGE FOCUS W ord Stud) Phrasal Verbs with Get Dưới đcâv so dộng tù k é p NỚI get get ahead of sb: vượt qua tiến hon get along w ith sb: hộa thuận với get along w ith sth: tiến triển, tiền get about / around (tin tire): lan truyền get at sb: tint đến dược get at sth: lay dược gì, phát hiện, tìm get away: di nghi get away (from + place): rời khỏi nơi get away from sb: thoát khói ai, trốn tránh get awav with sth: Iron thoát mang theo cai gi get awav with doing sth: thoát khoi trừng phạt (dù làm điều sai trái) get back: tro nhà gel sth back : lay lại gi get back at sb : tra thu tra dũa bàng đòn tương tự get behind with st : bị tụt hậu get sb dow n : làm buồn : nuốt gi cách khó khăn get sth down get down to sth / doing sth: bầt ta> vào (làm) việc get sth in : thu hoạch, tranh thù làm get ill oil sth : tham gia vào hoạt dộng get ill with sb : lẩy lòng ai, (cố gang) tò thân thiện với get into sb : anh hường, chi phối (vê mặt tinh cảm) 125 a) b) Id 2c 3b 4a 5g 6e f get on with sth (= net along with sth) (thường theo sau trạng tir): ticn bộ, tiến tricn lĩet on : tự xoay xớ kiếm song get on to sb : liên lạc với thư điện thoại get on w ith sb = get on together: hòa thuận với ai, có quan hệ thân thiết với hợp tính với : bị tiết lộ ngồi get out get sth out : công bố, xuất bán get out of sth / doing sth : tránh né trách nhiệm hay bồn phận : cưỡng đoạt, bẩt phải đưa ra, khai get sth out sb get over sth : khăc phục, vượt qua I c e a b 5.d get out of got on with him - get out of gets out get on w ith get out of Grammar Sentence and Clause Connectors Many women work outside the home; however, their husbands not help them w ith the housework Half of the world's children are girls, but only 1% go to school Women most of the domestic work Furtheremore, they work outside the home Women were paid half as much as men although they did the same work Kingsley's father was a doctor, am! her mother was his cook Kingsley never shot anyone although she had a gun while traveling in Africa She asked Africans about their lives, and wrote detailed scientific descriptions of African customs tỗ 5N s si Adverbial Clauses of Manner with As and A s I f Adverbial clause of as if / as though Main clause manner past subjunctive present simple ! past simple a) I as as as if as b) I You look as if >ou saw a ghost feel as if you hadn't eaten for a week You sound as if vou enjoyed it ver> much You look as if you ran a marathon c) Gợi ý The dog looks as if it were hungry He always behaves as if he were a boss He talked as i f he had known everything He did it as he liked She shouted as if he had em Unit trước) PARTC TRANSLATION AND ANSWER KEY * READING * Before You Read a) A I B.5 c D E F b) (học sinh trá lời theo gợi ý phần ghi chú) * Gti chù Hi3p hội nước Đỏng Nam Á ASEAN (Associatior of Southeast Asian Nítions), liên minh trị kinh tế, văn hóa xã hội khu vực Đcng Nam Á Tổ chức thành lập ngày tháng năm 1967, với 127 thành viên dầu tien lũ Thai I a:\ Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Philippines Mục đich cua hiệp hội nà\ la thãi chật tinh doàn kẽt IIIĨOC khu vực dồng thời hợp tác chong tinh trạng bạo độnu bat ôn IIUOC thành viên Sau hội nghị Ball năm 1976 tó chức nã\ bat dầu chương trinh cộng tác kinh lê Hằng nám thành viên dược tô chức họp chinh thức dè trao đỏi Iihừng chương trình \à ke hoạch họp tác Hiện nav tơ chức nà\ gồm lư CỊUÕC gia dược liệt kẽ san đú\ theo ngà\ gia nhập • • • ■ Cảc quốc gia sáng lập ngà} thang nâm 1967: - Cộng hòa Indonesia - Lien bang Malaysia - Cộng hòa Philippines - Cộng hòa Singapore - Vương quốc I hái Lan Các quốc gia gia nhập sau: - Vương quốc Brunei: 7/1/1984 - Cộng hòa Xà hội Chu nghĩa Việt Nam: 28/7/1995 - Cộng hòa Dân chủ Nhân dân Lào: 23/7/1997 - Liên bang Myanmar: 23/7/1997 - Vương quốc Campuchia: 30/4/1999 Papua Tân Guinea Đỏng Timor thành viên quan sát cùa ASEAN Reading Text Bài dịch Hội Trại Thanh Niên ASEAN Dụ án Hội trại Thanh niên ASLAN khuyến khích niên nước thành viên cùa Hiệp hội ASEAN tham gia vảo nhiều hoạt động văn hỏa mang tinh định lurớng cho thiếu nicn mà qua đỏ họ CÓ hiếu biết cách trân trọng lịch sử văn hỏa cứa khu vực Trại hè Thanh niên ASEAN lụ án quan trọng cùa ủ y ban Văn hóa Thơng tin ASEAN Nó bãt đâu bảng (.'hương trình Bạn è Thanh niên ASEAN, tổ chức Philippines năm 1998 Thái Ean nàm 1999 Từ thành lập, Hội trại'Thanh niên ASEAN tạo hội cho bạn trỏ tiếp xúc với nghệ thuật, nghề thu công vân hóa nước ASEAN, góp phần vào việc phát triên lực lãnh dạo văn hóa tương lai khu vực Hội trại Thanh niên ASEAN lần đẩu tiên dien Thái Lan vào nAm 2000 với chù dề “Di sản vãn hóa." Ke tù dó hội trại dược tồ chức thương xuyên ỡ nước thành viên khác Hội trại năm 2001 Malaysia lấy dề “Con dường đoàn kết” Với chu đề "Lấy nghệ thuật tơn vinh lòng nhân ái" tụi Hội trại Thanh niên Myanmar năm 2002 năm mươi bạn trê chọn lựa tham dự hội trại 12 ngày cỏ hội tham gia buỏi hội thao, hoạt dộng vè tranh, sáng tác ca hát, múa Hội trại năm 2004 tỏ chức Lào cỏ dẻ "Văn hóa hòa bình phát triển", năm 2005 tô chức ữ Campuchia cỏ chù đề "Vai trò cùa niên việc gin giữ di san văn hỏa." mồi hội trại, người tham dự hòa vào hoạt động văn hóa truyền thống cũa nước chủ nhà tham quan di tích văn hóa viện bảo tàng đên đài 128 a) Chủ để Hội trại Thanh niên ASEAN lần thứ sáu tổ chức vào tháng Giêng 2006 "Nước nghệ thuật", nước chù nhà Brunei Darussalam chọn Nó nói lèn vai trò quan trọng cùa nước việc hình thành văn minh vãn hóa nước thành viên ASEAN Tất ca trình bày hoạt động hội trại nhấc lại chu đẻ Với nhiêu hoạt dộng đa dạng, hội trại đà tạo ban sẳc mang đậm nét khu vực việc nàng cao nhận thức cua niên lịch sử di sản cùa Đông Nam Châu Á Nhiều năm qua hội trại mở rộng mục tiêu để gìn giữ vãn hóa vả di sàn cua nước ASEAN, I c f d h e b 8.a b) Year c) d) ♦ a) b) c) d) • C ountry Theme of Youth Camp 2000 Thailand Cultural Heritage 2001 Malaysia Trail of Unity 2002 Myanmar Honoring Kindness Through the Arts 2004 Laos Culture for Peace and Development 2005 Cambodia The Role of Youth in the Cultural Heritage 2006 Brunei Water and the Arts Gợi ý Young people from ASEAN member countries can part in these youth camps They participate in a variety of youth-oriented cultural activities They took part in workshops and creative activities such as painting, writing, singing, dancing, etc It wanted to show ASEAN’s appreciation of water in the Mekong River, the South China Sea, and the Strait of Malacca in shaping the cultures of ASEAN member countries The main aim of the Camp is to expose ASEAN youth to the arts, crafts, and cultures of the ASEAN countries and at the same time to train future cultural leaders Gợi ỷ We take part In the Anniversary of the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth League on March 26"' every year We join sports competitions, singing contests, discussions, etc The aim is to make the youth's traditional revolutionary' spirit alive LISTENING (Học sinh tự làm theo hướng dẫn cùa GV) 1.B ’ A D I.D A c B D B Gợi ý Advantages More people can save time going around the country by taking the plane More people can go abroad for sightseeing and broadening their knowledge c c 129 * Listening script Student 1: Excuse me sir Could we have some questions about the "Visit ASEAN Pass" or "VAP"? When was it first launched? ASEANTA Rep: In early January 2006 at the ASEAN Tourism Forum held in the Philippines And urn What's the main aim o f "VAP"? Student 2: ASEANTA Rep: Its main aim is to attract tourists You know , with more people visiting ASEAN countries, we hope to develop more trade in the region Could you tell us what "VAP" particularly offers? Student 3: ASEANTA Rep: It allows tourists to get low rate of air fares Besides, "VAP" includes "Hotel VAP" and "Tour VAP", which offer reductions on hotel and tour expenses Student I: Can visitors from non-ASEAN countries use "VAP"? ASEANTA Rep: Yes, they can In fact, with "VAP", we encourage international and ASEAN tourists to travel into and within ASEAN's 10 member countries Student 3: How does "VAP" attract young people to the region? ASEANTA Rep: Well , we have recently launched more promotional packages to attract young people, especially students who want to explore the educational systems in ASEA Student 1: And how about the air fare to one country within the region? ASEANTA Rep: At present, we are selling three flight coupons for two destinations in ASEAN at the cost of 399 US dollars Are "VAP" tickets on sale at all airlines offices? Student 2: ASEANTA Rep: They are available at all travel agencies and ASEAN airline offices around the world Thank you for the information about "VAP" Student 3: ♦ a) b) c) d) ♦ a) b) 130 SPEAKING Asking for and Giving Information About ASEAN Member Countries a i c e k f f g j 10 b II.d (Học sinh làm việc theo cặp) (Học sinh làm việc theo nhóm) (Học sinh làm việc theo nhóm) WRITING Describing Charts Gợi ý The number o f tourists coming to Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam tends to increase every year The number of visitors to Viet Nam in 2005 is much higher than that in 2000 (3.5 million and 2.1 million, respectively) There was a slight rise in the number of tourists between 2005 and 2006 (Học sinh tự làm việc) c) Bui viel g