Những điều cần biết khi viết SKKN

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1_•-C}K*3Y5C:j=M L\Q;:YuGKHM:+6+/ZFe23YAFZ Y5ZYAFZY53e•8KI1FLfM. [...]... thành KN là điều kiện để đánh giá chính xác; với người sử dụng SKKN, hiểu đúng và đủ sẽ quyết định sự thành bại khi vận dụng SKKN của người khác vào điều kiện của mình (hiểu sai có thể gây tai hoạ và tác giả SKKN phải liên đới chịu trách nhiệm) 2.1.6 Từ 3 công đoạn của con đường nhận thức mà Lê - nin đã chỉ ra, căn cứ vào trình độ nhận thức ở mỗi công đoạn có thể minh hoạ quy trình nhận thức khi hình... tác giả dùng phương pháp “tổng kết kinh nghiệm” để “tổng kết” những “kinh nghiệm đã có” và tạo ra KN mới (bậc n + 1): 2.1.5 Hầu hết những KN (trong não của tác giả) thường là những ý niệm, tư tưởng, khái niệm và các quan hệ logic giữa chúng - chỉ có chủ thể hiểu đúng và sử dụng được nguồn thông tin này Vì vậy, tác giả không “bê nguyên xi” những KN bậc (n+1) để trao cho người khác mà phải giải mã để... t hiên) khi hoàn thành (hay bắ t đầ u) công viêc phải giải quyế t chưa? ̣ ̣ Tra ̣ng thái của đố i tươ ̣ng đã thích hơ ̣p với công viêc chưa? ̣ Khi đố i tươ ̣ng ở tra ̣ng thái chuyể n tiế p, dấ u hiêu nào cầ n chú ý để sử du ̣ng (hoă ̣c ngăn ngừa) ? ̣ Cần sử dử dụng tác đô ̣ng nào (tâm lý, vật lý, kinh tế, xã hội, ) để thay đổ i (tăng hoă ̣c giảm) các thông số cần cải... thoại thay đối đầu, điện thay xăng,…) Cần thay các mố i liên kế t (hoă ̣c các yế u tố ) trong đố i tươ ̣ng như thế nào để xuấ t hiên tinh chấ t mới (tạo ̣ ́ thuâ ̣n lơ ̣i cho viêc giải quyế t vấ n đề ) ? ̣ Thông thường, khi tìm lời đáp cho từng câu hỏi trên, tác giả sẽ phát hiện đối tượng có nhiều mâu thuẫn cần giải quyết (thấy đối tượng "có nhiều bệnh cần chữa"); từ đó, chọn 1 (hoặc một... xem xét đố i tươ ̣ng (vấ n đề )? Cần tác đô ̣ng gì (bằ ng cách nào, như thế nào) để phá vỡ sự trì trệ của đối tượng ? Cần thay đổ i thời gian tác đô ̣ng thế nào để tăng tinh tương hơ ̣p của đố i tươ ̣ng với môi trường hoa ̣t đô ̣ng? ́ Sự tương tác của đố i tươ ̣ng với môi trường hoa ̣t đô ̣ng đã ""đồ ng nhấ t"" (giố ng nhau) ở khia ca ̣nh nào (thời ́ gian, không... để thực hiên công viêc này đã ngắ n nhấ t chưa? ̣ ̣ Cầ n kế t hơ ̣p thêm ""cái ha ̣i, cái bấ t lơ ̣i"" nào nữa thì giải quyế t đươ ̣c khó khăn này? Hiện nay, để điề u khi ̉ n đố i tươ ̣ng, đang cần những kiể u tương tác nào? Đã sử du ̣ng các "trường" nào (nhiêt, âm thanh, mùi, ánh sáng, uy tin, dư luâ ̣n xã hô ̣i, ảnh hưởng gia đinh ) ̣ ́ ̀ trong viêc tác đô ̣ng đố...Với chủ thể, sau khi kinh qua thực tiễn sẽ thêm KN mới - bậc n; vì vậy, sau này, nếu gặp lại khó khăn cũ thì sẽ lấy KN bậc n từ trong não ra để giải quyết Nhưng để giúp người khác tự giải những khó khăn tương tự, tác giả phải giới thiệu KN đó cho họ; muốn vậy, tác giả SK phải trải qua 2 công đoạn: 2.1.4 Lựa chọn trong kho KN bản thân để lấy ra những KN nào liên quan tới việc giải... Lê - nin đã chỉ ra, căn cứ vào trình độ nhận thức ở mỗi công đoạn có thể minh hoạ quy trình nhận thức khi hình thành một SKKN như sau: Mã hoá thông tin (từ “ý” thành ra “lời”, “chữ”, “hình”, “ký hiệu ”) Trước khi cải tiến trong thực tiễn, để tránh kiểu “thử - sai”, mò mẫm, tác giả cần tìm hiểu về đối tượng theo các nguyên tắ c sáng tạo (40 thủ thuật - theo lý thuyết TRIZ) như sau: Bộ phận nào cầ... Nghi vấn khoa học 5 Tin tưởng khoa học 6 Khi m tốn và rộng lượng 7 Tư duy không vụ lợi Chương 2: Phong cách khoa học trong lao động 1 Tính trật tự 2 Tính kế hoạch 3 Tập trung chú ý 4 Tính liên tục 5 Tính khẩn trương Chương 3: Phong cách khoa học trong học tập 1 Nghe giảng 2 Ghi chép 3 Tự học 4 Thực tập 5 Làm bài, viết báo cáo 6 Thuyết trình Chương 4: Vài đức tính cần thiết cho công tác khoa học 1 Óc quan... đưa vào ̣ khoảng trố ng đó đố i tươ ̣ng khác không? Khoảng thời gian vô ich giữa các hoa ̣t đô ̣ng đươ ̣c loa ̣i bỏ chưa? ́ Có thể đưa thêm vào đố i tươ ̣ng những gì nữa” để khắ c phu ̣c khó khăn hiên ta ̣i ? ̣ Cần đưa thêm vào đố i tươ ̣ng cái gì hoă ̣c thay đổ i môi trường hoa ̣t đô ̣ng như thế nào để xuấ t hiên các dấ u ̣ hiêu mới và khắ c phu ̣c tác đô ̣ng xấ