Mastering mobile learning

Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com www.Ebook777.com Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com www.Ebook777.com MASTERING MOBILE LEARNING Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com MASTERING MOBILE LEARNING TIPS AND TECHNIQUES FOR SUCCESS Chad Udell Gary Woodill EDITORS Foreword by Tony Bingham www.Ebook777.com Copyright © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc All Rights Reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey www.wiley.com Cover image: © Glyphish Pro Cover design: Wiley No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, 201-748-6011, fax 201-748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation You should consult with a professional where appropriate Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages Readers should be aware that Internet websites offered as citations and/or sources for further information may have changed or disappeared between the time this was written and when it is read For general information about our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-demand Some material included with standard print versions of this book may not be included in e-books or in print-on-demand If the version of this book that you purchased references media such as a CD or DVD that was not included in your purchase, you may download this material at http://booksupport.wiley.com For more information about Wiley products, visit www.wiley.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data â•… Mastering mobile learning / editors, Chad Udell, Gary Woodill; foreword by Tony Bingham â•…â•…â•…pages cm Includes index â•…â•… ISBN 978-1-118-88491-1 (hardback); ISBN 978-1-118-88507-9 (pdf); â•… ISBN 978-1-118-88502-4 (epub) â•…â•… 1.╇ Employees—Training of—-Computer-assisted instruction.â•… 2.╇ Mobile communication â•… systems in education.â•… 3.╇ Information technology-—Management.â•… I.╇ Udell, Chad, 1976â•… II.╇ Woodill, Gary HF5549.5.T7M357â•…2014 658.3'12402854678—dc23 2014022658 Printed in the United States of America HB Printingâ•… 10╇9╇8╇7╇6╇5╇4╇3╇2╇1 CONTENTS Forewordâ•… xi Tony Bingham Prefacê•… xv Introductionâ•… Chad Udell and Gary Woodill PART UNDERSTANDING MOBILE LEARNINGâ•… Enterprise Mobile Learning: A Primer╇ The Seven Shifts in Enterprise Learning╇ 15 The Disruptive Nature of Mobile Learning╇ 21 Why Executives Should Care About Mobile Learning╇ 31 Gary Woodill and Chad Udell Gary Woodill John Feser John Feser mLearning Is Not e-Learning on a Mobile Devicꕇ 35 John Feser v vi╛╛╇ Contents PART STRATEGIC THINKING ABOUT MOBILE LEARNING╇ 43 The Six Ps of Mobile Learning Strategy╇ 45 The Business Case for Mobile Learning╇ 59 The New “Nomadism” as a Driver of Mobile Learning╇ 69 Chad Udell John Feser Gary Woodill Creating a Mobile Learning Content Strategy╇ 73 10 Seven Easy and Inexpensive Ways to Launch Mobile Learning╇ 77 Chad Udell John Feser 11 Building Brand Advocacy Through Mobile Learning╇ 83 12 Developing a Mobile Management Strategy╇ 89 13 Change Management Strategies for Mobile Learning╇ 101 Scott McCormick and Chad Udell Gary Woodill and Scott McCormick Scott McCormick PART THE VARIETIES OF MOBILE LEARNING EXPERIENCES╇ 105 14 Categories of Mobile Learning Content╇ 107 Gary Woodill and Chad Udell 15 Unique Affordances of Mobile Learning╇111 Gary Woodill Contentsâ•… 16 vii Leveraging Geolocation to Make Your Content More Relevant╇ 127 Chad Udell 17 Incorporating Multi-Touch and Gestures into Mobile Learning╇131 Chad Udell 18 Storing Preferences and Inferring Intent in Mobile Learning Experiences╇ 137 Chad Udell 19 Using a Mobile Camera as a Powerful Learning Tool╇ 141 Chad Udell 20 Employing Mobile Device Sensors for Enhanced Learning Experiences╇ 145 Chad Udell 21 Alternative Reality Games as Mobile Learning╇ 149 John Feser 22 Using Mobile Games for Sales Training and Assessment╇ 157 Chad Udell 23 Voice and Messaging for Mobile Learning╇ 161 24 Using Mobile Devices as Research Tools╇ 165 25 Performance Support as a Form of Mobile Learning╇ 171 Chad Udell Gary Woodill Gary Woodill 26 Mobile Learning in “Third Spaces”: The Move to Alternative Workspaces╇ 175 Gary Woodill 27 The Impact of Mobile Learning on Assessment and Evaluation╇ 179 Gary Woodill and Chad Udell Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com viii╛╛╇ Contents PART DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES FOR MOBILE LEARNING╇ 185 28 Mysteries, Heuristics, and Algorithms: Design Thinking for Mobile Learning╇ 187 Gary Woodill 29 Ubiquity and Mobility as Design Considerations for Mobile Learning╇ 191 Chad Udell 30 Design Considerations in Converting e-Learning to mLearning╇ 199 Chad Udell 31 The Importance of Curation for Successful Mobile Experiences╇ 205 Chad Udell 32 Selecting Tools for Mobile Learning Development╇ 209 33 Instructional Design Patterns for Mobile Learning╇ 213 34 Creating Digital Publications for Mobile Learning╇ 223 35 Designing for Multiple Screens in iOS╇ 229 36 Designing for Context╇ 235 37 Using Mobile Devices to Leverage Social Media for Learning╇ 237 Chad Udell Gary Woodill Heather Ford Daniel Pfeiffer Chad Udell Gary Woodill 38 Responsive Design for Multiple Screen Formats╇ 243 Chad Udell www.Ebook777.com 330╛╛╇ INDEX development kits (SDKs) available through, 115, 138, 163 Google Translate API, 163 Google Voice, 162 Google+, 125 GoogleMaps, 258 Gottfredson, Conrad, 193, 209 Gram, T., 213 Gruman, G., 98 H Halo video game, 150 Halvorson, Kristina, 74 Hammer.js, 134 Harris Interactive, 168, 302 Hart, Jane, 298 Heads-up display (HUD), 142 Healthcare mobile research, 169 Hennessey, S., 182 Hess, V., 180 Heuristic stage of knowledge, 189 Hewlett-Packard, 167 High dynamic range imaging (HDRI), 141 Hill, W H., 179 Honest Signals (Pentland), 168, 302 Hoober, Steven, 210 Hörhold, M., 180 HousingMaps.com, 258 HTML authoring tools, 134, 225 HTML telephone tags, 162 HTML5: databases available through, 138; importance of learning and understanding, 247, 248; improving performance of apps based on, 269–275; training your development staff on, 211; tutorials on using, 134 Huertas, Edwin, 297 Human-computer interaction (HCI), 139, 194 Human resources (HR), 27–28 See also Training I I Love Bees (ARG), 150 IBM’s Entity Analytics group, 118 iBooks Author, 225 ICEL conference (New York, 2007), 173 IDEO model, 188 Indexed DB, 138 Individual addressability (mobile devices), 113, 119 Informal learning See Social learning Information: cloud storage of, 17, 113, 115; explosion of data created and available, 16–17, 32; “just for me,” 129–130; just-in-time, 108–109, 128–129, 145–148; mlearning reference materials and job aids, 64–65; new digital location of, 17; Quick Response (QR) codes providing, 114; shift in access to, 15–18, 24–25, 28, 32; shift in organizational control of, 18; social learning from, 238–241; Twitter used to share, 34 See also Data; Knowledge Information and communications technologies (ICT): shifting amount and pace of information delivery by the, 16–17; shifting context of learning in the, 16; shifting delivery of learning materials in the, 15–16; shifting location of information access in the, 17 Information Architecture for the World Wide Web (Rosenfeld and Morville), 210 Information architecture (IA), 210 INDEX╛╛╇ 331 Information technology (IT): BYOD support by, 308; decision on mobile learning project support by, 289 Infrared beams, 123 Innovative disruption See Disruptive technologies The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail (Christensen), 22, 190 Input/output peripherals (mobile devices), 113, 119–120 Inquiry-based pedagogy, 11 Instagram, 114, 314 Institute for Corporate Productivity, 307 Instructionist model of learning, 240 Intent: human-computer interaction (HCI) research on, 139; storing preferences for mobile learning, 137–140 Interactive and immersive media, 109 Interactive voice response (IVR), 161–162 Internal sensors (mobile devices), 113, 120 Internet connectivity/search (mobile devices), 120 Instructor-led training (ILT), 32–33 iOS platform: AirPlay and AirDrop functionality of, 124; Apple’s Reminders app on the, 129; Core Data for, 261; CoreLocation, 129; designing for multiple screens in, 232–234; Dragon Naturally Speaking voice recognition software using, 162; offline programming and database for, 138; push notifications for the, 267–268; selecting and using, 45, 52–53; Siri on the, 163; UIView used to create superviews and subviews in, 230; UserZoom’s user experience (UX) research tool collecting data on, 166; View Autoresizing in, 230–234; Wayfiler app designed to work on, 258–263 iPods, 313, 314 Ishikawa, S., 214 iTunes, 53, 314 J Java, 211 JavaScript, 248, 269, 273 JavaScript libraries, 134 Jive, 302 Job aids tools, 64–65 Jonas, Jeff, 118, 255 jQuery, 273 “Just for me” information, 129– 130 Just-in-time information: leveraging geolocation for, 128–129; mobile device sensors for, 145–148; as mobile learning content category, 108–109 K Kaneshige, T., 306, 308 Kanstrupand, A., 173 Kapp, Karl, 158, 213 Karim, W., 139 Karmer’s Moviefone service (Seinfeld TV show), 162 Keyano College, 172 Keynotes, 80, 133–134 Kirkpatrick, M., 17 Kirkpatrick, D., 39, 281 Kirkpatrick, J., 39, 281 Kirkpatrick’s levels of training evaluation: mlearning and 332╛╛╇ INDEX e-learning assessment using the, 39; taxonomy used in, 281–283; user-generated content in context of, 40 Klapp, B F., 180 Knowledge: ARGs for assessing, 151–152; ARGs for ensuring baseline, 151; “more knowledgeable others” (MKOs), 239; social learning understood as workplace, 241; three stages of, 189–190 See also Information Knowledge stages: Algorithmic, 189–190; Heuristic, 189; Mystery, 189 Kodak, 314 Koster, Ralph, 158 Krathwohl, D R., 179 L Lan, Y., 183 Language intent models, 139 Laurillard, Diana, 214 Laxton, J., 182 Leafsnap, 142 Leafsnap project, 142 Learning: alternative reality games (ARGs) applicability for organizational, 151–152; augmented reality (AR) for image-based, 114, 142; five broad types of, 214; heads-up display (HUD) for visual, 142; informal basis of, 298–299; instructionist model of, 240; machine, 115–116; matching specific design approaches to mobile applications and desired, 215t–216, 257; mobile learning impact on assessment and evaluation of, 179–183; “more knowledgeable others” (MKOs) role in our, 239; personalized, 137–140; scaffolding, 239; schism between real-world activity and, 137–138; self-direct, 24; 70–20–10 model of, 241, 298–299; social, 238–241, 298–299; social media used for, 240–241, 297–303; xAPI tracking of informal, 278–279; zone of proximal development (ZPD) and, 239 See also Mobile learning experiences Learning and development (L&D) industry: comparison of three learning technologies used in the, 111–112t; examining mobile learning from perspective of, 1; mobile learning development tools used by, 209–211; ripple effects of mobile learning technologies for, 313–315; techniques used to keep up with latest mlearning technologies, 311, 312t–3131t Learning Everywhere (Udell), 132, 199 Learning management systems (LMSs), 251, 277 See also Mobile learning management systems (LMs) Learning records store (LRS), 183 Learning Solutions magazine, 84, 301 Learning Unplugged: Using Mobile Technologies for Organizational Training and Performance Improvement (Gayeski), 171 LifeLoggers (or LifeBloggers), 114 Ling, R., 119 LinkedIn discussion groups, 301 A List Apart blog, 243 INDEX╛╛╇ 333 A List Apart (Halvorson), 74 Lombardo, M., 241 London School of Economics’ Mappiness app, 167–168 LOST Experience website, 150, 154 Lost/stolen devices, 92 Low, Leonard, 181–182 “Lunch and Learn” practice, 103–104 M Machine learning, 115–116 MacLeod, J., 306, 308 Mappiness app, 167–168 Marcotte, Ethan, 243, 245 Market research: HewlettPackard’s college student mobile phone use, 167; “Mobile Moments of Truth” research tool for, 166–167; Questodian’s, 167 Markoff, J., 115 Martin, Roger, 188–189, 190 McCormick, Scott, 3, 83, 89, 101 McGrane, Karen, 74 McLuhan, Marshall, 111–112, 112, 300 Media: interactive and immersive, 109; rich, 109 Media viewer/playback function, 113, 120–121 mEKP (Net Dimensions), 253–254 Memory (mobile devices), 113, 121 Messmer, E., 91 Micro-blogging, 77–78 Microphone and audio recording (mobile device), 113, 122 Microprojection (mobile device), 113, 122 Microsoft, 115 Mind and Society: The Development of Higher Mental Processes (Vygotsky), 238–239 Mistry, P., 122 MIT: microprojection research at, 122; SixthSense project at, 170; “sociometer” digital sensor designed at, 168 MIT Technology Review, 311 MLE-Moodle, 253 mLearnCon 2012, 277 The Mobile Academy (Quinn), 180 Mobile application management (MAM): BYOD suitability for, 97; comparing mobile device management (MDM) and, 97– 98; description of, 97; features related to app notifications, 268; making a decision to use, 99; three security approaches using, 98 Mobile assessment: advantages of, 180–182; Experience API (xAPI) used for, 183; learning records store (LRS) for, 183; the near future of, 182–183; QR codes used as part of, 183 Mobile Chalkboard (now BlackBerry Pushcast), 253 Mobile development: education and training for, 295–296; Float’s Tappestry app, 277, 280; Float’s Wayfiler app, 258–263 Mobile device features: cameras, 113, 114; clocks, 114; computing functions/ apps, 113, 115–116; document production and viewing, 113, 116; embodiment, 113, 116–117; external sensors, 113, 117–118; geospatial data, 113, 118; individual addressability, 113, 119; input/output 334╛╛╇ INDEX peripherals, 113, 119–120; internal sensors, 113, 120; Internet connectivity/search, 113, 120; matching desired learning outcomes with specific design patterns and, 215t–216, 257; media viewer/playback function, 113, 120–121; memory, 113, 121; messaging, 113, 121; microphone and audio recording, 113, 122; microprojection, 113, 122; networking, 113, 122; new possibilities by combining affordances and, 125; notifications and alerts, 113, 123; portability/ mobility, 123; short-range communications, 113, 123–124; touchscreens, 124; ubiquitous computing, 124; voice/phone communications, 124–125, 161–164; wearability, 125 Mobile device management (MDM): comparing mobile application management (MAM) and, 97–98; description of, 94–96; ethical issues related to BYOD and, 95; making a decision to use, 99; organizational need for, 89–90; policies on use of, 51–52; procurement of, 48–49; provisioning devices using, 52–53, 54; publishing content role of, 55–56; security function of, 96 Mobile device sensors: description and examples of, 146; justin-time information accessed through, 145–148; next-next generation and potential of, 146–147 Mobile devices: bring your own technology (BYOT), 305, 306, 307; computing abilities of, 11; corporate-liable devices, 307–308; employee access to, 15, 31; leveraging social media for learning using, 237–241, 297–303; for market research, 166–167; procurement of, 47– 49; research on mobile phone use, 166; as research tool, 165–170; storing preferences and inferring intent for mobile learning, 137–140; types of input and output, 10; unique affordances of mlearning through features of, 111–125 See also Apps; Bring your own device (BYOD); Cell phones Mobile Intent Index (Ruder Finn), 139 Mobile learning advantages: ability to easily create and share content, 12–13, 34; adaptability and speed, 33; contextual nature of mobile learning, 16, 32–33; convenience of mobile learning, 34; cost-effectiveness and reusability of, 33; employee access to mobile devices, 15, 31; global access to mobile learning, 9, 32; improved data capture, 33–34; quick access to information, 15–18, 24–25, 28, 32 Mobile learning applications: capturing data, 10–11; communicating and interacting with others, 11; computing algorithms, 11; content transmission and retrieval, 10; contextual inquiry, 11; understanding the unique INDEX╛╛╇ 335 affordances of mlearning, 111–125 Mobile learning business case: business drivers of mlearning, 8–9; for cutting costs, 63–66; implementing a mobile learning project by making the, 287–288, 290; to increase demand for what you sell, 62– 63; to increase revenue, 60–61; mlearning applications for your company, 66; for selling projects or services, 61–62; to support your sales force, 62 Mobile learning design: “always connected” consideration of, 194–197; “always on” consideration of, 192–193, 195–197; “always with you” consideration of, 193–194, 195–197; for context, 235– 236; design patterns used for, 213–221; IDEO approach to, 188; issues to consider for, 187; key considerations for, 202–203; “mobile learning in a box” approach to, 190; for multiple screens in iOS platform, 232–234; Mystery, Heuristic, and Algorithmic stages of knowledge used for, 189–190; tips for using “three always” for, 195– 197; understanding the importance of, 191–192; what not to do, 203–204; when converting e-learning to mlearning, 199–204 See also Design thinking Mobile learning development: ripple effects of mobile learning technologies, 313–315; techniques used to keep up with latest, 311, 312t–3131t; tools used for, 209–211 Mobile learning development tools: curation and content strategy, 210; information architecture (IA), 210; issues to consider for selecting, 209–210; software development, 211; user interface/user experience (UI/ UX), 210 Mobile learning drivers: businessrelated, 8–9; “nomadism,” 69–71 Mobile learning ecosystem, 9–10 The Mobile Learning Edge (Woodill), 217 Mobile learning experiences: alternative reality games (ARGs) to create, 149–155; cameras used for visual-based, 113, 114, 141–143; creating digital publications for, 223– 227t; decide what to include in mobile learning project, 288– 289; importance of curation for successful, 205–208; learning records store (LRS) to record and share informal, 183; “micro-tasking” mindset of, 207; mobile device sensors for enhanced, 145–148; responsive web design (RWD) implications for, 247–249; storing mobile device preferences to enhance, 137–140; unique affordances of mobile device features for, 111–125 See also Content; Learning Mobile learning launch strategies: 1: micro-blogging, 77–78; 2: create a WordPress website or blog, 78; 3: start a YouTube channel, 78; 4: SMS (text) 336╛╛╇ INDEX message alerts, 78–79; 5: create a mobile version of your PowerPoint slides, 79–80; 6: audio podcasting, 80; 7: poll Everywhere, 80–81 Mobile learning management systems (LMSs): description of, 251; five levels of, 252; SCORM for compatibility with different, 277–278; spectrum of, 252–254 See also Learning management systems (LMSs) Mobile learning metrics: covering other aspects of learning, 283; measuring results using, 282– 283; purpose of using, 281–282; putting into action, 283–284 Mobile learning (mlearning): adoption of, 1, 8; applications of, 10–11; assessment and evaluation impact by, 179–183; ASTD’s 2013 report on growth and challenges of, 2; building brand advocacy through, 83–88; the business case for, 59–67; business drivers of, 8–9; change management strategies for, 101–104; comparing physical/virtual class, self-paced e-learning, and, 111–112t; converting e-learning into, 199–204; definition of, 7–8, 36; designing and creating content for, 12–13; disruptive nature of, 3, 21–29; e-learning use of geospatial data compared to, 118; ecosystem of, 9–10; incorporating multi-touch and gestures into, 131–135; inquiry-based pedagogy for, 11; integrating social media with, 237–241, 297–303; Kirkpatrick’s levels of training evaluation of, 39–40, 281–283; new developments and trends in, 311–315; performance support as form of, 24, 39–40, 65–66, 171–173; push notifications to enhance, 265–268; strategies for launching, 77–81; “third spaces” of alternative workspaces using, 175–178; 2012 survey on three major barriers to, 307; understanding the differences between e-learning and, 35–42; why executives should care about using, 31–34 See also Enterprise mobile learning; Mobile learning (mlearning) Mobile learning project implementation: decide on mobile learning experiences to include, 288–289; make decision about which technologies to use, 289; prepare and present a business case, 290; put your team in place for, 290–291; start with business strategy, 287–288; team work with project documents and procedures for, 291; transfer mobile learning system to an operations group for, 291–292 Mobile learning strategies: change management, 101–104; six Ps (Platforms, Policies, Procurement, Provisioning, Publishing, and Procedures), 3, 45–58 Mobile learning/e-learning differences: assessment as, 39; context as, 38–39; information access as, 37–38; performance support as, 39–40; timing as, 37; understanding the implications INDEX╛╛╇ 337 of, 41; unique affordances of mobile as, 40–41; usergenerated content, 40 Mobile platforms: choosing the most appropriate, 45–47; description of, 45; standardizing procedures for, 56; total cost of ownership (TCO) of, 47 Mobile research: in agriculture, 168–169; citizen science and, 170; in healthcare, 169; in the human sciences, 167–168; on mobile devices for market research, 166–167 MobileIron, 96 Mobility design consideration, 191–197 Mobility/portability (mobile devices), 113, 123 MOMO (Mobile Moodle), 253 MongoDB, 261 Moodle, 172, 252–253 “More knowledgeable others” (MKOs), 239 Morville, P., 210 Mosher, Bob, 193, 209 MoTIF Project report (U.S Department of Defense’s ADL group), 112 Motorola’s embodiment research, 116–117 MoveTools app (State Farm), 86–87 MP3 players, 313 Mudlarking in Deptford project (2005), 170 Multi-touch and gestural inputs: creating a mobile-first experience using, 132–133; designing metaphors for, 133; development workflow that supports gestural input, 134; sample gestural inputs, 133–134; three primary barriers to adopting, 132 Murray, A., 96 MySpace, 240 MySQL, 78 Mystery stage of knowledge, 189 N National Archive, 302 National Leadership and Innovation Agency for Healthcare, 172 Native codes, 211 Natural language processing, 139 Near field communications (NFC): alternative reality games (ARGs) role of, 150; description of, 123, 194; geolocation functionality of, 255; Net Dimensions, 253–254 Netflix, 74 Networking: mobile device used for, 113, 122; mobile device used for mentoring, cognitive apprenticeships, and, 172–173 “The New Nomadism” (The Economist), 69 Nike FuelBand, 158 Nikon, 314 Nkosana-Nyawata, I., 182 Nokia, 166 “Nomadism,” 69–71 “Nomophobia,” 70 Notifications (mobile device), 113, 123 Nuance’s NDEV mobile developer program, 163 O Object modeling system (OMS), 168 Objective-C, 211 OmniGraffle, 133–134 338╛╛╇ INDEX On-boarding programs, 151 OnPoint Digital, 253 Organizations: the business case for mobile learning by, 59–67; impact of disruptive mobile learning on, 25–28; mobile learning applications for your, 66; shift in control of information by, 18; so dome informal polling on mlearning at your, 103–104; standardizing mobile procedures, 56–58; why executives should care about using mobile learning for their, 31–34 See also Workplace OSHA, 65 Osterwalder, A., 315 Output/input peripherals (mobile devices), 113, 119–120 P Parsons, D., 181 Path, 75 PDF (portable document format): content and best practices for creating, 225–226; description of, 224–225; summary of differences between EPUB and, 226t–227t Pedagogical patterns Project, 214 Pellegrino, J., 181 Pentland, Alex (Sandy), 168, 302 Performance support: as form of mobile learning, 171–173; mlearning training with, 24; as mobile learning and e-learning difference, 39–40; mobile learning tools for, 65–66 Personal digital assistants (PDAs), 173 Personalized learning: e-learning approach to, 138; mobile learning approach to, 137–140 Pfeiffer, Daniel, 4, 229, 269 Phone/voice communications (mobile devices), 113, 124–125 PHP, 78 Physical/virtual class learning technology, 111–112t PIN security codes, 293, 294 “Plain old telephone service” (POTS), 124 PLATO, 251 Podcasts, 120 Polaroid, 314 Policies: adopting sound mobile learning, 49–52; bring your own technology (BYOT), 305, 306, 307; corporate-liable devices, 307–308; mobile device management (MDM) product, 51–52; for proper procurement, 47–49; “remote wipe” process, 51; standardizing procedures for, 57 See also Bring your own device (BYOD) Poll Everywhere, 80–81 Portability/mobility (mobile devices), 113, 123 PowerPoint presentation: creating a mobile version of, 79–80; Poll Everywhere display using, 80; PowerPoint gestural stencils to include in, 133–134 Predictive analytics, 311 Presentations: as mlearning content category, 108; PowerPoint, 79–80 Procedures standards, 56–58 Procurement: early termination fee (ETF) issue of, 48; implementing proper, 47–49; mobile device management (MDM) product issue of, 48–49; of mobile devices, 47; service level agreement (SLA) for, 48, INDEX╛╛╇ 339 56; standardizing procedures for, 56 See also Bring your own device (BYOD) Project Management Institute, 290 Project Management Professional (PMP), 290 “Proprioception,” 301–302 Provisioning mobile devices: bring your own device (BYOD) issue of, 53–54; mobile device management (MDM) system for, 52–53, 54 Pun, R., 299 Push notifications: description of, 265–266; development of crossplatform, 267–268; examples of applications for, 266–267 See also Alerts Pusher, 267 Pynadath, D., 139 Responsive web design (RWD): description of, 243–245; implications for mobile learning, 247–249; mechanics of, 245–247 Retalis, S., 214 Retired Federal Employees Association, 302 RFID (radio frequency identification tags), 123, 256 Rich media, 109 Ricoh America, 91 Rinomhota, S., 182 Rose, M., 180 Rosenbaum, Steven, 210 Rosenfeld, L., 210 Rothenberger, Tracey, 91 Rotman School of Business (University of Toronto), 188 Ruder Finn, 139 Ryu, H., 181 Q Questodian, 167 Quick Response (QR) codes, 114 Quinn, Clark, 180, 182 S Sakai, 253 Sales department: customer relationship management (CRM) system used by, 282–283; mobile learning for increase revenue, 60–61; mobile learning to increase demand for products, 62–63; mobile learning to sell projects or services, 61–62; mobile learning to support the sales force, 62 Sales training: benefits of providing, 157; mobile games used for, 157–160; Salesforce used as customer relationship management (CRM) program, 158–159 Salesforce, 158–159 SAML authentication, 50 Samsung’s Gear, 164 R Radio frequency identification tags (RFID), 123, 256 Reference materials tools, 64–65 Reflows (web page): description of, 269–270; reducing the cost of a, 270–271; reducing the number of, 271–274 Reminders app, 129 “Remote wipe” process, 51 Research in Motion (now BlackBerry), 53 Research Lifestreaming service, 168 “Responsive Web Design” posting (Marcotte), 243 340╛╛╇ INDEX SARS outbreak (2003), 169 Scaffolding learning, 239 Schmidt, Eric, 16–17, 138 SCORM standard: description of, 277; importance of learning, 247; KMx conformance to, 253; “learning activities” tracking by applications of, 278; online learning content compatibility function of, 277–278; responsive design for multiple screen formats and adding, 248; xAPI (Experience API) extension to the, 183, 277–280 Searching: language intent models on intent for, 139; storing preferences and inferring intent for, 137–140 Security issues: bring your own device (BYOD), 92; common sense and caution used for, 294; concerns of, 293–294; Google Play, 294; mobile application management (MAM) approach to, 98; mobile device management (MDM) approach to, 96; PIN security codes, 293, 294 Seinfeld (TV show), 162 Self-directed learning, 24 Service level agreement (SLA), 48, 56 Service oriented architecture (SOA), 208 70–20–10 learning model, 241, 298–299 Short-range communications (mobile devices), 113, 123–124 Sigil, 225 Silverstein, M., 214 Siri (iOS platform), 163 Six Ps (Platforms, Policies, Procurement, Provisioning, Publishing, and Procedures): adopt sound policies, 49–52; choose the most appropriate mobile platform, 45–47; implement proper procurement, 47–49; as mobile learning strategy, 3; properly provision your devices, 52–54; publish content for your users, 54–56; standardize your procedures, 56–58 SixthSense project (MIT), 170 Skype, 125, 162, 177 Slater, R., 160 SlideShare, 80 Smarter Than You Think (Thompson), 116, 301–302 Smartphones See Mobile devices Smith, Jason, 168–169 Smithsonian Institution, 142 SMS (text) messaging: alerts using, 78–79, 113, 123; mobile device function for, 113, 121; as mobile learning content category, 107–108 SMx (Knowledge Management Solutions), 253 The Social Conquest of Earth (Wilson), 237 Social development theory, 239 Social geospatial data: creating Wayfiler app, 258–263; list view of, 258; technology used to collect, 255–256; understanding the technology of place, 256–258; Waze, Glympse, and Tom Tom apps for showing current location, 258–259 See also Geolocation Social learning: constructivist theories of, 238–240; description of, 238; informal basis of, 298–299; as learning INDEX╛╛╇ 341 via “social media,” 240–241, 298–299; understood as workplace knowledge, 241 Social media: benefits for employees using, 297–298; informal learning through, 240–241, 298–299; integrating mobile learning with, 237–241, 297–303; networked social interactions through, 240 Social Media for Learning report, 299 Social Media Today, 297 Society for Human Resource Management, 300 “Sociometer” device, 168, 302 Socket.io, 267 Software development kits (SDKs): for adding voice control to apps, 163; computing functions and apps for, 115; just-in-time information using, 138 Software development tools, 211 “Spam,” 268 Speech to text (STT), 162 Sports data APIs, 163 State Farm Insurance: Driver Feedback app of, 40, 41; mobile learning used to build brad advocacy at, 86–88; MoveTools app of, 86–87 State of the Industry Report (2013) [ASTD], 1–2 Stodd, Julian, 299 Stolen/lost devices, 92 Subject-matter experts (SMEs), 85 Successive approximation model (SAM), 213 Sukthankar, G., 139 Summative assessment, 180 “Surface computing,” 122 T Tappestry app, 277, 280, 302 Tapworthy (Clark), 84, 210 Taylor, Craig, 301 Taylor, J., 182 Teaching as a Design Science: Building Pedagogical Patterns for Learning and Technology (Laurillard), 214 Technology-Enhanced Learning: Design Patterns and Pattern Languages (Goodyear and Retalis), 214 “Technology of place,” 256–258 Text to speech (TTS), 162 Texting See SMS (text) messaging “The Theory of Affordances” (Gibson), 111 A Theory of Fun for Game Design (Koster), 158 “Third spaces” workspaces: coworking through, 176–178; growing trends in, 175–176 Thompson, C., 116, 121, 301–302 TiVo, 26–27 Tom Tom app, 258, 259 Total cost of ownership (TCO), 47 Touchscreens (mobile devices), 113, 124 Traces of Hope (ARG), 150–151 Training: alternative reality games (ARGs) used for, 149–155; changing how companies’ view and create learning and, 27–28; changing how learning is created for, 27–28; Cognizant’s iPod use for employee, 217–220; enterprise mobile learning used for, 7–13; instructor-led training (ILT), 32–33; Kirkpatrick’s levels of evaluation of, 39–40, 281–283; mobile computing 342╛╛╇ INDEX shift to “performance support,” 24; for mobile development, 295–296; mobile games used for sales, 157–160; tying training intervention delivery to results, 283–284 See also Enterprise learning; Human resources (HR) Triantafillon, E., 183 Trinder, J., 183 Tsagkias, M., 139 Twitter: how users interact on, 74; information sharing through, 34; social learning through chats on, 301 “Two Clicks and Ten Seconds” mantra (Mosher and Gottfredson), 209 U Ubiquitous computing, 113, 124 Ubiquity design consideration, 191–197 Ubitexx, 53 Udell, Chad, 1, 3, 7, 45, 73, 83, 107, 113, 127, 131, 132, 137, 141, 145, 157, 161, 179, 182, 191, 199, 205, 209, 235, 243, 265, 281, 287, 293, 305 UIView (iOS platform), 230 United Nations Foundation, 172 University of Maryland, 142 University of Southampton’s MPLAT Project, 172 University of Toronto, 188 Urban Airship, 267 Urbanspoon’s scope feature, 75 U.S Department of Agriculture, 168 U.S Department of Defense: Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) group of the, 112, 277; web standards promoted by, 249 U.S Department of Education, 249 U.S Department of Energy, 249 U.S Geological Survey, 168 USA Today, 139 User Acceptance testing, 194 User-centered design (UCD), 194 User-generated content (mlearning vs e-learning), 40 User interface/user experience (UI/UX), 210 UserZoom, 166 V Vgyotsky’s social development theory, 239 Videocassette recorders (VCRs), 26 View Autoresizing (iOS platform): description and how to use, 230–232; designing multiple screens using, 232–234 Vine, 114 Violino, B., 92 Virtual private network (VPN), 50 Virtual/physical class learning technology, 111–112t Visio, 133 Voice-based content, 108 Voice over IP (VoIP) apps, 124, 162 Voice/phone communications: application programming interfaces (APIs) for, 163; Dragon Naturally Speaking voice recognition software, 162; HTML telephone tags, 162; interactive voice response (IVR), 161–162; iOS Siri, 163; limitations of earliest cell phone, 161; mobile device features for, 113, 124–125, 164; text to speech (TTS) and speech to text INDEX╛╛╇ 343 (STT) for, 162; Voice over IP (VoIP) apps, 124, 162 Vygotsky, Lev, 238–239, 240 W Wagner, E., 213, 220 The Washington Post, 302 Wayfiler app: considerations during the design of, 258–260; designing and building the, 260–261; other supporting technology used to create, 261– 262; use cases for applications of, 262–263 Waze app, 258–259 Wearability (mobile devices), 113, 125 Weather Channel app, 137 Web 2.0, 240 Web pages: reducing the cost of a reflow, 270–271; reducing the number of reflows, 271–274; reflow process of, 269–270 WebEx, 125 Websites: reflows on web pages, 269–274; WordPress used to create a, 78 WebSQL, 138 Weiser, Mark, 124 Welch, Jack, 159–160 “Who Owns Mobile in Your Organization?” (Feser), 84 Who Wants to Be a Millionaire “Phone a Friend” lifeline rule (TV show), 161–162 Wi-Fi connections, 123, 255 Wilson, E O., 237 Windows platform, 45, 52 Wireless application protocol (WAP), 205 WLAN networks, 255 Woodill, Gary, 1, 3, 4, 7, 15, 69, 89, 107, 111, 165, 171, 175, 179, 187, 213, 237, 251, 277, 287, 305, 311 Word Lens, 142 WordPress, 78 Workplace: “proprioception” in the, 301–302; social learning through social media and the, 238–241, 298–299; “third spaces” workspaces in the, 175–178; workplace knowledge component of the, 241 See also Organizations “A World of Witnesses” (Economist magazine), 117 World Without Oil (ARG), 150–151 Writing on the Wall: Social Media the First 2,000 Years (Standage), 297 X xAPI (Experience API): as assessment tool, 183, 278–280; informal learning tracked by, 278–279; “learning activities” tracked by, 278; Tappestry app use of, 277, 280 Xbox One game console, 164 Y Yahoo! Labs, 139 Yammer, 177, 283, 302 Year Zero (ARG), 150 Yelp, 137 YouTube: creating your own channel on, 78; posting to, 114 Z Zagat, 163 Zepto.js, 273 Ziegler, C., 161 Zone of proximal development (ZPD), 239 Free ebooks ==> www.Ebook777.com WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT Go to www.wiley.com/go/eula to access Wiley’s ebook EULA www.Ebook777.com ... UNDERSTANDING MOBILE LEARNING •… Enterprise Mobile Learning: A Primer╇ The Seven Shifts in Enterprise Learning •‡ 15 The Disruptive Nature of Mobile Learning •‡ 21 Why Executives Should Care About Mobile. .. STRATEGIC THINKING ABOUT MOBILE LEARNING •‡ 43 The Six Ps of Mobile Learning Strategy╇ 45 The Business Case for Mobile Learning •‡ 59 The New “Nomadism” as a Driver of Mobile Learning •‡ 69 Chad... DERSTANDING MOBILE LEARNING PART CHAPTER Enterprise Mobile Learning A Primer Gary Woodill and Chad Udell Although people have been learning while mobile for millennia, what we mean by mobile learning