Recommendations on the safe transport of

Recommendations on the ' SAFE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS CARGOES AND RELATED ACTIVITIES IN PORT AREAS Foreword A Recommendation on Safe Practice on Dangerous Goods in Ports and Harbours was first circulated by the Organization in November 1973 The subsequent development of new techniques in shore and ship operations, as well as the desirability of having more comprehensive recommendations which included dangerous goods in packaged form, liquid and solid dangerous substances and liquefied gas carried in bulk, made it necessary to revise and update the Recommendation The Recommendation, originally adopted as resolution A.289(VUl), has been revised on several occasions and circulated as MSCjCirc 299 (12 February 1981) and MSCjCirc 299jAdd (8 July 1983) The decision for the latest revision was taken by the fifty-ninth session of the Maritime Safety Committee and the work was entrusted to the Sub-Committee on the Carriage of Dangerous Goods The current revised edition not only provides the necessary updates but also includes some novel features, the most important of which is the inclusion, in the text, of guidance for the implementation of the Recommendations by those Member States which are only now undertaking the regulation of the transport of dangerous goods and related activities in their ports The Recommendations have been aligned as closely as possible with relevant IMO codes and the IMDG Code in particular This means that the particular provisions of those codes will, where relevant, apply in the port area, e.g the limited quantities provision in the IMDG Code It is considered essential to harmonize the rules within the port area with the rules that are applicable to the ship in order to ensure smooth operations and to avoid misunderstandings between ship and shore The Recommendations make a distinction between keeping and storage Dangerous cargoes temporarily in the port area as part of the transportation chain are not considered as being stored as their presence is solely concerned with awaiting loading onto and further onward movement by another mode of transport Because this is an operation covered by the Recommendations, the term "keeping" is included in the overall definition of handling Storage, which involves the holding of substances for an indeterminate period not directly involved with the transportation process, is considered to be outside the scope of these Recommendations and has been excluded from the III definitions Regulatory authorities may wish to regulate the storage of such substances, but that would be achieved by other regulations unconnected with the transportation process A new element, cargo interests, has been introduced in the Recommendations This refers to the many and various organizations who can be involved with the dangerous cargoes even before such cargoes reach the port area and ship These include shippers, packers, those concerned with documentation, consolidators and forwarding agents Experience has shown that this group has a crucial role to play in the safe transportation of dangerous cargoes and the Recommendation should also apply to them The term "dangerous cargoes" has replaced "dangerous substances" It reflects the need to deal with cargo only and has been aligned with the respective IMO codes It also reflects the inclusion of the MARPOL provisions and marine pollutants in the IMDG Code Throughout the chapters of the book the terms defined in chapter have been highlighted in bold italic type IV Contents Page 1 Introduction 2.1 2.2 Application and definitions 3.1 Warehouses, terminal areas and infrastructure 3.2 Land-use planning 10 3.3 3.4 Considerations for specific dangerous cargoes 12 Specific considerations for warehouses and terminal areas 14 4.1 Training Regulatory authorities 17 4.2 Management 17 4.3 Personnel (cargo interests, berth operators and ships) 17 4.4 Training content 17 Responsibilities 5.1 Role of the regulatory authority 5.2 Role of the port authority 19 20 5.3 Role of the berth operator and cargo interests 21 5.4 Awareness General recommendations for regulatory authorities, port authorities, ships, berth operators and cargo interests 6.1 6.2 Regulatory authorities and port authorities 25 Ships carrying dangerous cargoes 37 6.3 Shore installations 44 6.4 Cargo interests 53 Application Definitions General ························· 23 v Dangerous cargoes in packaged form 7.1 Documentation 55 7.2 Supervision 55 7.3 Information for operational and emergency purposes 56 7.4 General handling precautions 57 Liquid bulk dangerous cargoes (including liquefied gas) 8.1 General 59 8.2 Ships carrying liquid bulk dangerous cargoes 61 8.3 Shore installations 62 8.4 Handling 64 8.5 Special categories 67 8.6 Combination carriers 68 Solid bulk dangerous cargoes 9.1 Documentation 69 9.2 Responsibility for compliance 69 9.3 Emission of harmful dusts 69 9.4 Emissions of dangerous vapours/ oxygen deficiency 70 9.5 Emission of explosive dusts 70 9.6 Spontaneously combustible substances and substances that react with water 70 9.7 Oxidizing substances 70 9.8 Incompatible materials 71 Annex Advance notification 73 Annex Transport and handling of explosives of class 76 Segregation of radioactive materials on shore 79 Minimum safety requirements for carrying out hot work 82 Bunkering precautions, including bunkering checklist 84 Alphabetical index of cross-references between recommendations in sections and 88 Annex Annex Annex Annex vi Appendix Selected bibliography list of internationally recognized codes and guides relevant to the transport and handling of dangerous cargoes in port areas Appendix General information on seaborne dangerous cargoes Appendix General information on convention requirements relating to ships carrying dangerous cargoes Additional material for inclusion in the recommendations 91 93 105 111 VB ~ INTRODUCTION 1.1 The entry and presence consequential handling should of the area, the containtonsent or near the port area, and the of dangerous cargoes in port areas and any be controlled to ensure the general safety of the cargoes, the safety of all persons in protection of the environment 1.2 The safety of life at sea and the safety of a ship, its cargo and its crew in a port area are directly related to the care which is taken with dangerous cargoes prior to loading or unloading, and during their handling 1.3 These Recommendations are confined to dangerous cargoes which are in a port area as part of the transport chain These Recommendations not apply to dangerous substances which are used in a port area or are for general storage in the port area, but Governments may wish to control such use and storage by national legal requirements Should a substance covered by either of these exclusions subsequently be shipped, these Recommendations should then be applied, even though the substance is already in the port area 1.4 An essential prerequisite for the safe transport and handling of dangerous cargoes is their proper identification, containment, packaging, packing, securing, marking, labelling, placarding and documentation This applies whether the operation takes place in a port area or at premises away from a port area 1.5 Whilst the total transport chain includes inland, port and marine elements, it is essential that every care is taken by those responsible for the matters in 1.4 and that all relevant information is passed to those involved in the transport chain and to the final consignee Attention should be paid to the possible differing requirements for different modes of transport 1.6 A new section 4, on trammg, has been added to these Recommendations The UN Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods has adopted requirements for training and all of the surveys carried out by regulatory authorities have indicated the need for greater training activities Section was developed in response to those needs 1.7 A new section has been added to describe the roles of the regulatory authority, port authority, berth operator and cargo interests 1.8 These Recommendations are intended to set out a standard framework within which legal requirements can be prepared by Governments, whether for the first time or as a revision, to ensure the Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes in Port Areas safe transport and handling of dangerous cargoes in port areas These Recommendations are not intended to specify standards of construction and equipment 1.9 Attention is drawn to the following internationally recognized IMO codes and guides, which are of direct relevance to the safe transport and handling of dangerous cargoes in port areas and which may serve as valuable sources of information in the development of national legal requirements: - International Convention for the Safety of life at Sea (SOlAS), 1974, as amended, and earlier SOlAS Conventions where applicable - MARPOl 73/78, as amended - International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) and IMDG Code Supplement (includes EmS, MFAG, BC Code, IMOjIlO Guidelines for Packing Cargo in Freight Containers or Vehicles, Recommendations on the Safe Use of Pesticides in Ships and Code for the Safe Carriage of Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-level Radioactive Wastes in Flasks on Board Ships (INF Code)) International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (lEC Code) and earlier Code (BCH Code) where applicable - International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) and earlier Codes, the Gas Carrier Code and the Code for Existing Ships Carrying liquefied Gases in Bulk, where applicable - Manual on Oil Pollution, sections I and II Manual on Chemical Pollution, sections I and - Comprehensive Manual on Port Reception Facilities - International Convention on Oil Pollution Response and Co-operation (OPRe), 1990 - Inert Gas Systems Preparedness, Crude Oil Washing Systems - Facilities in Ports for the Reception of Oily Wastes Graphical Symbols for Fire Control Plans - Index of Dangerous Chemicals Carried in Bulk* - International amended Convention for Safe Containers (CSC), 1972, as Recommendations on Principles and Operational Guidance for Deck Officers in Charge of a Watch in Port adopted by the International Conference on Training and Certification of Seafarers, 1978 * This is included in the 1994 edition of the !BC Code - Introduction - Code of Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships Safety Recommendations Merchant Ships on the Use of Ports by Nuclear - Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing - International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk (International Grain Code) Appendix is a bibliography of other relevant publications 1.10 General information on seaborne dangerous cargoes and convention requirements relating to ships carrying dangerous cargoes is given in appendices and 1.11 The codes and guides are under continuous review and are regularly revised It is essential that only the most up-to-date editions are used The contents of these codes and guides have been repeated in these Recommendations only to the extent necessary 1.12 Governments should ensure that national legal requirements concerning the transport and handling of dangerous cargoes are, to the greatest extent possible, compatible with the relevant codes and guides (see operative paragraph of IMO resolution A.717(l7), which "strongly urges Governments to co-ordinate their work in the different organizations to prevent conflicts with established rules and regulations relating to the maritime transport of dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes, including environmentally hazardous substances (marine pollutants) and wastes") Appendix GENERAL INFORMATION ON CONVENTION REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO SHIPS CARRYING DANGEROUS CARGOES SaLAS 74 AND MARPOL73/78 1.1 Regulation of part A of chapter VII of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SaLAS 74), as amended, prohibits the carriage of dangerous goods by sea except when they are carried in accordance with the provisions of the Convention and requires each Contracting Government to issue, or cause to be issued, detailed instructions on safe packing and stowage of dangerous goods which shall include the precautions necessary in relation to other cargo Part A of chapter VII thereby provides the necessary legal basis for international regulation of the carriage of packaged dangerous goods and dangerous solid bulk materials by sea The same regulation also specifies that Contracting Governments shall ensure that appropriate information on cargo and its stowage and securing is provided, specifying, in particular, precautions necessary for the safe carriage of such cargoes, and in this respect refers to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code Part B of chapter VII concerns dangerous liquid chemicals in bulk and part C addresses liquefied gases in bulk For detailed provisions, reference is made to the IBC Code* and IGC Code.t 1.2 Some cargoes, if lost at sea, could cause environmental pollution to such a degree that action may need to be taken to avoid such occurrences or to minimize the consequences of them The technical annexes of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as amended by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOl 73/78), contain regulations for the prevention of pollution by harmful substances Annex I concerns oil, Annex II concerns noxious liquid substances in bulk and Annex III addresses harmful substances in packaged form Oil and noxious liquid substances are defined in the respective annexes For harmful substances in packaged form, marine pollutants, reference is made to the IMDG Code 2.1 SHIPS CARRYINGDANGEROUSGOODS IN PACKAGEDFORM Construction and equipment 2.1.1 SalAS 74, as amended, applies to all cargo ships of 500 gt and above unless otherwise specified Ships carrying dangerous goods in * For ships built before July 1986 the Bulk Chemical Code (BCH Code) applies t For ships built before July 1986 the Gas Carrier Code and the Code for Existing Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases, as appropriate, apply 105 Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes in Port Areas packaged form must comply with the provisions for cargo ships generally and with those applicable for ships carrying dangerous goods Examples of requirements specific for ships carrying dangerous goods are those concerned with fire protection, fire detection and fire fighting 2.2 Operational requirements 2.2.1 Dangerous goods must be stowed safely and appropriately in accordance with the nature of the goods Incompatible goods must be segregated from one another Other stowage requirements concern electrical apparatus and cables in any compartment in which explosives are carried, the ventilation of spaces where dangerous goods giving off dangerous vapours are stowed, and the prohibition of carrying substances which are liable to spontaneous heating or combustion unless adequate precautions have been taken to minimize the likelihood of the outbreak of fire 2.3 Certification and other documents 2.3.1 Ships carrying dangerous goods in packaged form or otherwise shall carry the certificates required under SaLAS 74, as amended, for ships of 500 gt and above In addition, the Administration shall provide the ship with an appropriate document as evidence of compliance with the construction and equipment requirements in regulation II-2/54.* 2.3.2 Other documents relating to cargoes required by chapters VI and VII of SalAS 74 include: cargo information; a certificate or declaration by the shipper that the shipment offered for carriage is properly packaged and marked, labelled or placarded, as appropriate, and is in proper condition for carriage; a special list or manifest listing the dangerous goods on board and their location; alternatively, a detailed stowage plan may be used; and a container or vehicle packing certificate 2.3.3 Chapter VII applies to ships carrying dangerous goods irrespective of size 2.4 Certification of officers 2.4.1 Resolution A.537(13) provides details on the training of officers and ratings responsible for cargo handling on ships carrying dangerous and hazardous substances in solid form in bulk or in packaged form Masters and chief mates of ships of 200 gt or more and certified in accordance with article VI of STCW 78 should have undergone training as specified in appendix to regulation II/2 This includes the minimum requirements on cargo handling and stowage * This requirement 106 applies for ships built on or after September 1984 Appendix 3 SHIPS CARRYING SOLID BULK CARGOES 3.1 Construction and equipment 3.1.1 Ships carrying solid bulk cargoes must comply with the provisions of SalAS 74, as amended, applicable for cargo ships In addition, chapter VI contains specific provisions for bulk cargoes Ships carrying grain must comply with the International Grain Code Guidance for the carriage of other solid bulk cargoes is given in the BC Code There are no construction or equipment requirements specific to ships carrying solid bulk cargoes except when carrying dangerous goods, in which case SalAS regulation II-2j54 applies 3.2 Operational requirements 3.2.1 The cargo must be distributed so as to prevent excessive stress forces acting on the ship Care must also be taken that excessive forces are avoided during loading operations This may require the distribution of cargoes over all holds rather than over alternate holds or restricting the quantity of material per pour Precautionary measures to prevent shifting, as specified in the International Grain Code and the BC Code, should be observed 3.3 Certification and documentation 3.3.1 Ships carrying solid bulk cargoes shall carry the certificates required under SalAS 74, as amended, for ships of 500 gt and above For the carriage of grain in bulk the ship must be issued with a document of authorization 3.3.2 In addition, ships carrying solid bulk cargoes shall be provided with comprehensive information on stability and on the distribution of cargo for the standard loading conditions 3.3.3 Shippers shall provide information on cargoes, such as stowage factor, trimming procedures (if appropriate), certificate of moisture content and transportable moisture limit 3.4 Certification of officers 3.4.1 There are no certification requirements specific to masters, officers and ratings for ships carrying solid bulk cargoes General STCW certification requirements appropriate to the size of a ship apply 4.1 OIL TANKERS Construction and equipment 4.1.1 SalAS 74, as amended, applies to all cargo ships of 500 gt and above unless otherwise specified Oil tankers must comply with the provisions of SalAS 74, as amended, applicable to cargo ships generally and with those applicable to tankers and oil tankers as appropriate Examples of requirements specific for oil tankers are those relating to intermediate surveys, steering gears, fire-resistant bulkheads, fire-fighting equipment, inert gas systems, or radar equipment 107 Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes in Port Areas 4.1.3 In addition, an oil tanker must comply with the provisions of Annex I of MARPOl 73/78 Construction requirements specified in Annex I relate to slop tanks, segregated ballast tanks, tank size limitation, subdivision and stability, pumping and piping systems and, more recently, double hulls Prescribed equipment includes crude oil washing systems, tank washing machines, and oil discharge monitoring and control systems, interface detectors, oily-water separators and standard discharge connections Standard connections must be provided on shore reception facilities to correspond with the standard discharge connection 4.2 Operational requirements 4.2.1 In ports, oil tankers must comply with the requirements for crude oil washing, dedicated clean ballast tanks and the discharge of tank washing slops, as appropriate 4.2.2 At sea, oil tankers must comply with load-on-top procedures and the discharge provisions as appropriate to the sea areas in which they navigate 4.3 Certification and other documents 4.3.1 Oil tankers shall carry the certificates required under SOlAS 74, as amended, for ships of 500 gt and above 4.3.2 Under MARPOl 73/78 an oil tanker of 150 gt and above shall be issued with an International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) Certificate and a Supplement B (Oil Tankers) The Supplement distinguishes between crude oil tankers, product carriers, crude oil/product carriers, asphalt tankers, chemical tankers and combination carriers When carrying oil-like substances, Supplement B must show which oil-like substances an oil tanker is permitted to carry 4.3.3 In addition, an oil tanker shall be provided with an Oil Record Book, Part II, in which all relevant operations involving oil, oily mixtures and ballast must be recorded 4.4 Certification of officers 4.4.1 In addition to the general STCW certification requirements appropriate for the size of the ship, the training and qualification of masters, officers and ratings of oil tankers shall at least comply with the provisions of regulation V/1 of STCW 78 Regulation V/1 distinguishes between a familiarization and an advanced training programme, depending on the intended duties and responsibilities of the target group 5.1 CHEMICAL TANKERS Construction and equipment 5.1.1 A chemical tanker must comply with the provisions of SOlAS 74, as amended, applicable for cargo ships in general and additionally those 108 Appendix applicable for tankers in particular In addition, chapter VII contains provisions specific for chemical tankers, which must comply with the mc Code * 5.1.2 In addition chemical tankers must comply with the provisions of Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and associated Standards for Procedures and Arrangements for the Discharge of Noxious Liquid Substances Regulation 13 of Annex II requires compliance with the mc Code by ships carrying noxious liquid substances of categories A, B, or C in bulk 5.1.3 The mc Code contains detailed provisions for the design, construction and equipment of chemical tankers that carry substances listed in chapter 17 of the Code 5.2 Operational requirements 5.2.1 In port, chemical tankers must comply with the requirements in respect of the efficient stripping of cargo tanks, prewashing ~ith subsequent discharge to reception facilities and vapour containment, as appropriate 5.2.2 At sea, chemical tankers must comply with the requirements that apply for the discharge of tank washings, such as minimum distance from the nearest land, minimum water depth, minimum speed and use of the underwater discharge outlet 5.3 Certification and other documents 5.3.1 Chemical tankers shall carry the certificates required SOLAS 74, as amended, for ships of 500 gt and above under 5.3.2 In addition, chemical tankers shall be issued with an International Certificate of Fitness for Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk, which shall have a list of chapter 17 substances that the ship is permitted to carry Ships carrying noxious liquid substances not listed in chapter 17 of the IEC Code shall be issued with an International Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk (NLS Certificate) unless they are already provided with an International Certificate of Fitness The NLS certificate shall list the noxious liquid substances a ship is permitted to carry 5.3.3 Ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk shall also be issued with an approved Procedures and Arrangements Manual Compliance with the Manual ensures carriage, unloading, discharge and tank cleaning in accordance with Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 5.3.4 In addition, ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk shall be provided with an approved Cargo Record Book in which all relevant operations involving those substances must be recorded * For ships built before July 1986 the Bulk Chemical Code (BCH Code) applies 109 Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes in Port Areas 5.4 Certification of officers 5.4.1 In addition to the general STCW certification requirements appropriate for the size of ship, the training and qualification of masters, officers and ratings of chemical tankers shall at least comply with the provisions of regulation V/2 of STCW 78 Regulation V/2 distinguishes between a familiarization and an advanced training programme, depending on the duties and responsibilities of the target group 6.1 LIQUEFIED GAS TANKERS Construction and equipment 6.1.1 liquefied gas tankers must comply with the provisions of SOLAS 74, as amended, applicable to cargo ships in general and additionally those applicable to tankers and liquefied gas tankers In addition, chapter VII contains provisions specific to liquefied gas tankers, which must comply with the International Gas Carrier (IGC) Code * 6.1.2 When liquefied gas tankers carry noxious liquid substances bulk the provisions of Annex II apply 6.2 Certification in and other documents 6.2.1 Liquefied gas tankers shall carry the certificates required SOlAS 74, as amended, for ships of 500 gt and above under 6.2.2 In addition liquefied gas tankers shall be issued with an International Certificate of Fitness for Ships Carrying liquefied Gases in Bulk, which shall have a list of chapter 19 substances which the ship is permitted to carry When carrying chemicals listed in chapter 17 of the IBC Code, the appropriate documentation required under the Code must be carried 6.3 Certification of officers 6.3.1 In addition to the general STCW certification requirements appropriate for the size of ship, the training and qualification of masters, officers and ratings of liquefied gas tankers shall at least comply with the provisions of regulation V 13 of STCW 78 Regulation V/3 distinguishes between a familiarization and an advanced training programme, depending on the duties and responsibilities of the target group * For ships built before July 1986 the Gas Carrier Code and the Code for Existing Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases, as appropriate, apply 110 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL FOR INCLUSION IN THE RECOMMENDATIONS (PARAGRAPH REFERENCES ARE INCLUDED) CONTENTS Figure 1: Plan of port area (3.1.2) Figure 2: Plan showing dangerous goods areas (3.4.1) Figure 3: Dangerous goods boxes (3.4.1) Figure 4: Container storage area (3.4.2.3) Figure 5: Fumigation warning sign (6.1.11,6.3.15) Figure 6: Segregation table for port areas (6.1.13) III Safe Transport of Dangerous Cargoes in Port Areas c ••• 0 0 0 0 0 Q) '-L -O+-' Q)4- -00 ::J V> u+-, c cQ) C E - co • '" 0 0 0 '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" 0 ~ ~ D +-' ::J 00C ~ Q) C ~.Q L+-' ; M • ; aJ ~ V> Q) '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" V> L "'OO u~ Q) V> vi Q) '" LQ) '" 0 '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" '" f-~ 0 C Q) C O~(lJ ~"" 0 '" '" :> cE W ~ ;::: CD"s Q) ::J Q) V> L ",L +-' Q) Q ::I '" '"::I0 •• lJ C1~O "': 22:: ~c- nI •• r 1' :J-5; -g.~ 15 u g;o.~ s 1le-o 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