Test bank saladin anatomy and physiology unity of form and function 6th ch25

25 Student: _ The digestive system processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates the residue True False The enteric nervous system regulates much of the digestive activity but its action depends on the central nervous system True False Odor, sight, and taste stimulate salivatory nuclei in the cerebral cortex True False Enamel is found in the crown of a tooth, whereas dentin is part of both crown and root True False Both chemical and mechanical digestion start in the mouth and continue in the stomach True False Gastric juice consists entirely of water and hydrochloric acid True False Absorption of many nutrients starts in the stomach True False The liver is the body's largest gland True False Both pancreatic juice and bile are secreted into the duodenum True False 10 The small intestine begins with the duodenum, which is its longest segment True False 11 The brush borders of intestinal absorptive cells contain numerous goblet cells True False 12 Most fat is digested by pancreatic lipase True False 13 Chylomicrons are secreted from the basal surface of the absorptive cells and taken into the lacteal in the villus True False 14 The large intestine absorbs water, fats, and salts True False 15 The large intestine is longer than the small intestine True False 16 is the physiological process that moves a nutrient from the outside to the inside of the body A Ingestion B Compaction C Digestion D Absorption E Secretion 17 The serous membranes that suspend the stomach and intestines from the abdominal wall are called A mesenteries B mucosae C submucosae D muscularis mucosae E muscularis externa 18 This image shows tissue layers of the digestive tract What does "3" represent? A lumen B muscularis externa C submucosa D mucosa (mucous membrane) E serosa 19 This image shows tissue layers of the digestive tract What does "2" represent? A lumen B muscularis externa C submucosa D mucosa (mucous membrane) E serosa (mesentery) 20 These nutrients are all absorbed without being digested except A water B vitamins C proteins D minerals E cholesterol 21 These are all accessory organs of the digestive system except A tongue B liver C pancreas D salivary glands E spleen 22 Each of the following lists some of the tissue layers of the digestive tract Which one has them in correct order from lumen to external surface? A lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa B serosa, lamina propria, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa C mucosa, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa, lamina propria D mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria E mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria, serosa 23 The small intestine is suspended from the abdominal wall by A the falciform ligament B the mesentery C the greater omentum D the lesser omentum E the esophageal hiatus 24 Chemical digestion breaks down into _ A proteins; nucleotides B amino acids; proteins C polysaccharides; amino acids D nucleic acids; nucleotides E fatty acids; cholesterol 25 The _ regulates digestive tract motility, secretion, and blood flow, and its neurons are found in the A autonomic nervous system; serosa B central nervous system; muscularis externa and muscularis mucosae C enteric nervous system; submucosa and muscularis externa D visceral sensory division; muscularis externa and submucosa E visceral motor division; mucosa and submucosa 26 The surface of the tongue is covered with stratified squamous epithelium, and has bumps called , site of taste buds A keratinized; lingual papillae B keratinized; lingual frenulum C nonkeratinized; lingual papillae D nonkeratinized; tonsils E nonkeratinized; vallate papillae 27 Infants have deciduous teeth, whereas adults have permanent teeth A 20; 32 B 16; 20 C 28; 20 D 32; 20 E 32; 32 28 From superficial to deep, these are the structures found in a typical tooth A cementum, root canal, enamel B enamel, root canal, dentin C dentin, enamel, cementum D enamel, dentin, pulp E crown, enamel, dentin 29 These are normally found in saliva except A mucus B lysozyme C amylase D lipase E protease 30 The gland is an extrinsic salivary gland, whereas the gland is an intrinsic salivary gland A lingual; labial B submandibular; lingual C submandibular; sublingual D sublingual; parotid E lingual; sublingual 31 The swallowing center is located in A the mouth B the oropharynx C the esophagus D the medulla oblongata E the enteric nervous system 32 The buccal phase of swallowing is under _ control and the pharyngo-esophageal phase is A central nervous system; also controlled by the central nervous system B central nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes C autonomic nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes D voluntary; also voluntary E involuntary; also involuntary 33 Acid reflux into the esophagus ("heartburn") is normally prevented by A pharyngeal constrictors B the upper esophageal sphincter C the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) D esophageal glands E pharyngeal and buccal sphincters 34 This image shows the stomach What does "3" represent? A gastric rugae B antrum C pyloric sphincter D fundic region E cardiac region 35 Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted by cells A mucous B regenerative (stem) C parietal D chief E enteroendocrine 36 , which is secreted by _ cells, is necessary for Vitamin B12 absorption A Intrinsic factor; parietal B Bile salts; chief C Lecithin; hepatic D Hydrochloric acid; parietal E Enterokinase; mucous 37 Pepsinogen is produced by and is activated by _ A chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells B chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells C parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by chief cells D parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by chief cells E enteroendocrine cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells 38 Why are several digestive enzymes secreted as zymogens? A because this saves one step in their synthesis B because gastric cells not have the necessary enzymes for their synthesis C so they start digesting intracellular proteins of the gastric cells more quickly D so they act only in the stomach lumen and not digest intracellular proteins E so they can start digesting dietary proteins more quickly 39 The enterogastric reflex serves to A relax the stomach in preparation for swallowed food B stimulate acid and enzyme secretion when food enters the stomach C stimulate intestinal motility when there is food in the stomach D inhibit gastric motility when there is chyme in the small intestine E relax the ileocecal valve when chyme is on its way to the colon 40 is a hormone, whereas is an enzyme A Enterokinase; pepsin B Gastrin; secretin C Gastrin; cholecystokinin (CCK) D Gastric lipase; histamine E Secretin; pepsin 41 _ is associated with food stretching the stomach and activating myenteric and vagovagal reflexes, which in turn stimulate gastric secretions A The cephalic phase B The gastric phase C The intestinal phase D The gastrointestinal phase E The mesenteric phase 42 The organ that stores excess glucose and releases it later into the blood is A the pancreas B the stomach C the liver D the spleen E the small intestine 43 A hepatic (portal) triad consists of A right, left, and common hepatic ducts B common hepatic duct, cystic duct, and bile duct C the hepatic portal vein and two hepatic ducts D bile ductule, branch of hepatic artery, and branch of hepatic portal vein E a central vein, hepatic lobule, and hepatic sinusoid 44 Of the following components of bile, only _ has/have a digestive function A bile salts B bilirubin C cholesterol D phospholipids E neutral fats 45 The _ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing A duodenum; neutral fats B ileum; bilirubin C gallbladder; cholesterol D pancreas; bile salts E liver; cholesterol 46 Pancreatic enzymes are secreted in response to the hormone A insulin B cholecystokinin (CCK) C secretin D glucagon E gastrin 47 Which of these is not a component of the pancreatic juice? A trypsinogen B chymotrypsinogen C deoxyribonuclease D sodium bicarbonate E enterokinase 48 Which of these nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine? A triglycerides B amino acids C glucose D minerals E water-soluble vitamins 49 Which of the following enzymes functions at the lowest pH? A salivary amylase B pancreatic amylase C pepsin D trypsin E dipeptidase 50 Which of these is the site of contact digestion? A gastric pits B surface of the gastric mucosa C intestinal crypts D brush border of the small intestine E cytoplasm in the cells of the small intestine 51 The small intestine has a very large absorptive surface associated with all these structures except A circular folds (plicae circulares) B intestinal length C microvilli D villi E rugae 52 The migrating motor complex A milks the chyme toward the colon B allows a bolus to move down the esophagus C churns and mixes residue in the descending colon D churns and mixes a bolus with gastric juices E propels pancreatic juice down the pancreatic duct 53 The of the small intestine is/are similar to the _ of the stomach A villi; pyloric glands B rugae; Peyer patches C intestinal crypts; gastric pits D goblet cells; parietal cells E pyloric sphincter; ileocecal valve 54 Carbohydrate digestion begins in the , whereas protein digestion begins in the A liver; small intestine B small intestine; stomach C mouth; stomach D mouth; small intestine E stomach; small intestine 55 _ break(s) down _ A Lactase; glucose B Peptidases; proteins C Lipases; micelles D Lactose; lactase E Nucleases; nucleotides 56 The sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLP) A is a uniport carrier B is an antiport carrier C uses solvent drag to transport glucose and sodium D transports glucose and sodium from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells E transports glucose from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells, and sodium in the opposite direction 57 Amino acids and monosaccharides are absorbed in the , and fatty acids are absorbed in the _ A small intestine; large intestine B small intestine; liver C stomach; small intestine D stomach; large intestine E small intestine; small intestine too 58 Lecithin prepares fats for hydrolysis by forming A triglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol B low density lipoproteins (LDL) C chylomicrons D emulsification droplets E micelles 59 Proteins are digested by different enzymes acting in the following sequence A pepsin, trypsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase B pepsin, trypsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase C trypsin, pepsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase D trypsin, pepsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase E dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase, pepsin, trypsin 60 transport lipids to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells, which process them into _ A Fat droplets; micelles B Fat droplets; chylomicrons C Micelles; fat globules D Micelles; chylomicrons E Fat globules; micelles 61 The three most abundant classes of nutrients are A carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals B fats, proteins, and carbohydrates C proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates D triglycerides, starches, and proteins E proteins, fats, and minerals 62 The muscle tone of the along the colon contracts it lengthwise, causing its walls to bulge and form pouches called _ A circular folds; ceca B taeniae coli; haustra C haustra; taeniae coli D internal sphincters; omental (epiploic) appendages E internal sphincters; ceca 63 Bacterial flora carry out all of the following except A digest most of the proteins we get in the diet B synthesize vitamin K C produce some of the gases found in flatus D digest cellulose E form part of the feces 64 Bacteria constitute about % of the dry weight of the feces A B 14 C 30 D 55 E 80 65 Defecation is stimulated by A the chemical composition of the feces B bacterial flora in the feces C water content of the feces D lipid content in the feces E stretching of the rectum 25 Key The digestive system processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates the residue TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Saladin - Chapter 25 #1 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System The enteric nervous system regulates much of the digestive activity but its action depends on the central nervous system FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.f Describe the general neural and chemical controls over digestive function Saladin - Chapter 25 #2 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System Odor, sight, and taste stimulate salivatory nuclei in the cerebral cortex FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.c Describe the neural control of salivation and swallowing Saladin - Chapter 25 #3 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System Enamel is found in the crown of a tooth, whereas dentin is part of both crown and root TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Saladin - Chapter 25 #4 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System Both chemical and mechanical digestion start in the mouth and continue in the stomach TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Saladin - Chapter 25 #5 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System Gastric juice consists entirely of water and hydrochloric acid FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.03.c Identify the secretions of the stomach and state their functions Saladin - Chapter 25 #6 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System Absorption of many nutrients starts in the stomach FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.03.f Describe the three phases of gastric function and how gastric activity is activated and inhibited Saladin - Chapter 25 #7 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System The liver is the body's largest gland TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct system, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #8 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System Both pancreatic juice and bile are secreted into the duodenum TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #9 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 10 The small intestine begins with the duodenum, which is its longest segment FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.05.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #10 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 11 The brush borders of intestinal absorptive cells contain numerous goblet cells FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.05.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #11 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 12 Most fat is digested by pancreatic lipase TRUE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #12 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 13 Chylomicrons are secreted from the basal surface of the absorptive cells and taken into the lacteal in the villus TRUE Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #13 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 14 The large intestine absorbs water, fats, and salts FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #14 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 15 The large intestine is longer than the small intestine FALSE Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.07.a Describe the gross anatomy of the large intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #15 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 16 is the physiological process that moves a nutrient from the outside to the inside of the body A Ingestion B Compaction C Digestion D Absorption E Secretion Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Saladin - Chapter 25 #16 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 17 The serous membranes that suspend the stomach and intestines from the abdominal wall are called A mesenteries B mucosae C submucosae D muscularis mucosae E muscularis externa Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Saladin - Chapter 25 #17 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System Saladin - Chapter 25 18 This image shows tissue layers of the digestive tract What does "3" represent? A lumen B muscularis externa C submucosa D mucosa (mucous membrane) E serosa Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 25.02 Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Saladin - Chapter 25 #18 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 19 This image shows tissue layers of the digestive tract What does "2" represent? A lumen B muscularis externa C submucosa D mucosa (mucous membrane) E serosa (mesentery) Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 25.02 Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Saladin - Chapter 25 #19 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 20 These nutrients are all absorbed without being digested except A water B vitamins C proteins D minerals E cholesterol Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Saladin - Chapter 25 #20 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 21 These are all accessory organs of the digestive system except A tongue B liver C pancreas D salivary glands E spleen Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.d List the regions of the digestive tract and the accessory organs of the digestive system Saladin - Chapter 25 #21 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 22 Each of the following lists some of the tissue layers of the digestive tract Which one has them in correct order from lumen to external surface? A lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa B serosa, lamina propria, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa C mucosa, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa, lamina propria D mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria E mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria, serosa Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Saladin - Chapter 25 #22 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 23 The small intestine is suspended from the abdominal wall by A the falciform ligament B the mesentery C the greater omentum D the lesser omentum E the esophageal hiatus Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Saladin - Chapter 25 #23 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 24 Chemical digestion breaks down into _ A proteins; nucleotides B amino acids; proteins C polysaccharides; amino acids D nucleic acids; nucleotides E fatty acids; cholesterol Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Learning Outcome: 25.01.f Describe the general neural and chemical controls over digestive function Saladin - Chapter 25 #24 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 25 The _ regulates digestive tract motility, secretion, and blood flow, and its neurons are found in the A autonomic nervous system; serosa B central nervous system; muscularis externa and muscularis mucosae C enteric nervous system; submucosa and muscularis externa D visceral sensory division; muscularis externa and submucosa E visceral motor division; mucosa and submucosa Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.01.f Describe the general neural and chemical controls over digestive function Saladin - Chapter 25 #25 Section: 25.01 Topic: Digestive System 26 The surface of the tongue is covered with stratified squamous epithelium, and has bumps called , site of taste buds A keratinized; lingual papillae B keratinized; lingual frenulum C nonkeratinized; lingual papillae D nonkeratinized; tonsils E nonkeratinized; vallate papillae Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Saladin - Chapter 25 #26 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 27 Infants have deciduous teeth, whereas adults have permanent teeth A 20; 32 B 16; 20 C 28; 20 D 32; 20 E 32; 32 Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Saladin - Chapter 25 #27 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 28 From superficial to deep, these are the structures found in a typical tooth A cementum, root canal, enamel B enamel, root canal, dentin C dentin, enamel, cementum D enamel, dentin, pulp E crown, enamel, dentin Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Saladin - Chapter 25 #28 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 29 These are normally found in saliva except A mucus B lysozyme C amylase D lipase E protease Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.b Describe the composition and functions of saliva Saladin - Chapter 25 #29 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 30 The gland is an extrinsic salivary gland, whereas the gland is an intrinsic salivary gland A lingual; labial B submandibular; lingual C submandibular; sublingual D sublingual; parotid E lingual; sublingual Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Saladin - Chapter 25 #30 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 31 The swallowing center is located in A the mouth B the oropharynx C the esophagus D the medulla oblongata E the enteric nervous system Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.02.c Describe the neural control of salivation and swallowing Saladin - Chapter 25 #31 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 32 The buccal phase of swallowing is under _ control and the pharyngo-esophageal phase is A central nervous system; also controlled by the central nervous system B central nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes C autonomic nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes D voluntary; also voluntary E involuntary; also involuntary Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.02.c Describe the neural control of salivation and swallowing Saladin - Chapter 25 #32 Section: 25.02 Topic: Digestive System 33 Acid reflux into the esophagus ("heartburn") is normally prevented by A pharyngeal constrictors B the upper esophageal sphincter C the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) D esophageal glands E pharyngeal and buccal sphincters Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.03.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the stomach Saladin - Chapter 25 #33 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System Saladin - Chapter 25 34 This image shows the stomach What does "3" represent? A gastric rugae B antrum C pyloric sphincter D fundic region E cardiac region Blooms Level: Remember Figure: 25.12a Learning Outcome: 25.03.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the stomach Saladin - Chapter 25 #34 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 35 Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted by cells A mucous B regenerative (stem) C parietal D chief E enteroendocrine Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.03.b State the function of each type of epithelial cell in the gastric mucosa Saladin - Chapter 25 #35 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 36 , which is secreted by _ cells, is necessary for Vitamin B12 absorption A Intrinsic factor; parietal B Bile salts; chief C Lecithin; hepatic D Hydrochloric acid; parietal E Enterokinase; mucous Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.03.b State the function of each type of epithelial cell in the gastric mucosa Saladin - Chapter 25 #36 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 37 Pepsinogen is produced by and is activated by _ A chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells B chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells C parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by chief cells D parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by chief cells E enteroendocrine cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.03.b State the function of each type of epithelial cell in the gastric mucosa Saladin - Chapter 25 #37 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 38 Why are several digestive enzymes secreted as zymogens? A because this saves one step in their synthesis B because gastric cells not have the necessary enzymes for their synthesis C so they start digesting intracellular proteins of the gastric cells more quickly D so they act only in the stomach lumen and not digest intracellular proteins E so they can start digesting dietary proteins more quickly Blooms Level: Evaluate Learning Outcome: 25.03.d Explain how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid and pepsin Saladin - Chapter 25 #38 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 39 The enterogastric reflex serves to A relax the stomach in preparation for swallowed food B stimulate acid and enzyme secretion when food enters the stomach C stimulate intestinal motility when there is food in the stomach D inhibit gastric motility when there is chyme in the small intestine E relax the ileocecal valve when chyme is on its way to the colon Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.03.f Describe the three phases of gastric function and how gastric activity is activated and inhibited Saladin - Chapter 25 #39 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 40 is a hormone, whereas is an enzyme A Enterokinase; pepsin B Gastrin; secretin C Gastrin; cholecystokinin (CCK) D Gastric lipase; histamine E Secretin; pepsin Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.03.f Describe the three phases of gastric function and how gastric activity is activated and inhibited Saladin - Chapter 25 #40 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 41 _ is associated with food stretching the stomach and activating myenteric and vagovagal reflexes, which in turn stimulate gastric secretions A The cephalic phase B The gastric phase C The intestinal phase D The gastrointestinal phase E The mesenteric phase Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.03.f Describe the three phases of gastric function and how gastric activity is activated and inhibited Saladin - Chapter 25 #41 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 42 The organ that stores excess glucose and releases it later into the blood is A the pancreas B the stomach C the liver D the spleen E the small intestine Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #42 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 43 A hepatic (portal) triad consists of A right, left, and common hepatic ducts B common hepatic duct, cystic duct, and bile duct C the hepatic portal vein and two hepatic ducts D bile ductule, branch of hepatic artery, and branch of hepatic portal vein E a central vein, hepatic lobule, and hepatic sinusoid Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct system, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #43 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 44 Of the following components of bile, only _ has/have a digestive function A bile salts B bilirubin C cholesterol D phospholipids E neutral fats Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #44 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 45 The _ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing A duodenum; neutral fats B ileum; bilirubin C gallbladder; cholesterol D pancreas; bile salts E liver; cholesterol Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #45 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 46 Pancreatic enzymes are secreted in response to the hormone A insulin B cholecystokinin (CCK) C secretin D glucagon E gastrin Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.c Explain how hormones regulate secretion by the liver and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #46 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 47 Which of these is not a component of the pancreatic juice? A trypsinogen B chymotrypsinogen C deoxyribonuclease D sodium bicarbonate E enterokinase Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #47 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 48 Which of these nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine? A triglycerides B amino acids C glucose D minerals E water-soluble vitamins Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.05.b State how the mucosa of the small intestine differs from that of the stomach, and explain the functional significance of the differences Saladin - Chapter 25 #48 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 49 Which of the following enzymes functions at the lowest pH? A salivary amylase B pancreatic amylase C pepsin D trypsin E dipeptidase Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #49 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 50 Which of these is the site of contact digestion? A gastric pits B surface of the gastric mucosa C intestinal crypts D brush border of the small intestine E cytoplasm in the cells of the small intestine Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.05.c Define contact digestion and describe where it occurs Saladin - Chapter 25 #50 Section: 25.03 Topic: Digestive System 51 The small intestine has a very large absorptive surface associated with all these structures except A circular folds (plicae circulares) B intestinal length C microvilli D villi E rugae Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.05.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #51 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 52 The migrating motor complex A milks the chyme toward the colon B allows a bolus to move down the esophagus C churns and mixes residue in the descending colon D churns and mixes a bolus with gastric juices E propels pancreatic juice down the pancreatic duct Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.05.d Describe the types of movement that occur in the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #52 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 53 The of the small intestine is/are similar to the _ of the stomach A villi; pyloric glands B rugae; Peyer patches C intestinal crypts; gastric pits D goblet cells; parietal cells E pyloric sphincter; ileocecal valve Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.05.b State how the mucosa of the small intestine differs from that of the stomach, and explain the functional significance of the differences Saladin - Chapter 25 #53 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 54 Carbohydrate digestion begins in the , whereas protein digestion begins in the A liver; small intestine B small intestine; stomach C mouth; stomach D mouth; small intestine E stomach; small intestine Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #54 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 55 _ break(s) down _ A Lactase; glucose B Peptidases; proteins C Lipases; micelles D Lactose; lactase E Nucleases; nucleotides Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #55 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 56 The sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLP) A is a uniport carrier B is an antiport carrier C uses solvent drag to transport glucose and sodium D transports glucose and sodium from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells E transports glucose from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells, and sodium in the opposite direction Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #56 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 57 Amino acids and monosaccharides are absorbed in the , and fatty acids are absorbed in the _ A small intestine; large intestine B small intestine; liver C stomach; small intestine D stomach; large intestine E small intestine; small intestine too Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #57 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 58 Lecithin prepares fats for hydrolysis by forming A triglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol B low density lipoproteins (LDL) C chylomicrons D emulsification droplets E micelles Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #58 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 59 Proteins are digested by different enzymes acting in the following sequence A pepsin, trypsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase B pepsin, trypsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase C trypsin, pepsin, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase D trypsin, pepsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase E dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase, pepsin, trypsin Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #59 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 60 transport lipids to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells, which process them into _ A Fat droplets; micelles B Fat droplets; chylomicrons C Micelles; fat globules D Micelles; chylomicrons E Fat globules; micelles Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #60 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 61 The three most abundant classes of nutrients are A carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals B fats, proteins, and carbohydrates C proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates D triglycerides, starches, and proteins E proteins, fats, and minerals Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and discuss the functional differences among these enzymes Saladin - Chapter 25 #61 Section: 25.06 Topic: Digestive System 62 The muscle tone of the along the colon contracts it lengthwise, causing its walls to bulge and form pouches called _ A circular folds; ceca B taeniae coli; haustra C haustra; taeniae coli D internal sphincters; omental (epiploic) appendages E internal sphincters; ceca Blooms Level: Understand Learning Outcome: 25.07.a Describe the gross anatomy of the large intestine Saladin - Chapter 25 #62 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 63 Bacterial flora carry out all of the following except A digest most of the proteins we get in the diet B synthesize vitamin K C produce some of the gases found in flatus D digest cellulose E form part of the feces Blooms Level: Apply Learning Outcome: 25.07.c State the physiological significance of intestinal bacteria Saladin - Chapter 25 #63 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 64 Bacteria constitute about % of the dry weight of the feces A B 14 C 30 D 55 E 80 Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.07.c State the physiological significance of intestinal bacteria Saladin - Chapter 25 #64 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 65 Defecation is stimulated by A the chemical composition of the feces B bacterial flora in the feces C water content of the feces D lipid content in the feces E stretching of the rectum Blooms Level: Remember Learning Outcome: 25.07.e Explain the neurological control of defecation Saladin - Chapter 25 #65 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 25 Summary Category # of Questions Blooms Level: Remember 39 Blooms Level: Understand 15 Blooms Level: Apply 11 Blooms Level: Evaluate Figure: 25.02 Figure: 25.12a Learning Outcome: 25.01.a List the functions and major physiological processes of the digestive system Learning Outcome: 25.01.d List the regions of the digestive tract and the accessory organs of the digestive system Learning Outcome: 25.01.e Identify the layers of the digestive tract and describe its relationship to the peritoneum Learning Outcome: 25.01.f Describe the general neural and chemical controls over digestive function Learning Outcome: 25.02.a Describe the gross anatomy of the digestive tract from the mouth through the esophagus Learning Outcome: 25.02.b Describe the composition and functions of saliva Learning Outcome: 25.02.c Describe the neural control of salivation and swallowing Learning Outcome: 25.03.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the stomach Learning Outcome: 25.03.b State the function of each type of epithelial cell in the gastric mucosa Learning Outcome: 25.03.c Identify the secretions of the stomach and state their functions Learning Outcome: 25.03.d Explain how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid and pepsin Learning Outcome: 25.03.f Describe the three phases of gastric function and how gastric activity is activated and inhibited Learning Outcome: 25.04.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the liver, gallbladder, bile duct system, and pancreas Learning Outcome: 25.04.b Describe the digestive secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Learning Outcome: 25.04.c Explain how hormones regulate secretion by the liver and pancreas Learning Outcome: 25.05.a Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the small intestine Learning Outcome: 25.05.b State how the mucosa of the small intestine differs from that of the stomach, and explain the functional significance of the differences Learning Outcome: 25.05.c Define contact digestion and describe where it occurs Learning Outcome: 25.05.d Describe the types of movement that occur in the small intestine Learning Outcome: 25.06.a Describe how each major class of nutrients is chemically digested, name the enzymes involved, and dis cuss the functional differences among these enzymes Learning Outcome: 25.06.b Describe how each type of nutrient is absorbed by the small intestine Learning Outcome: 25.07.a Describe the gross anatomy of the large intestine Learning Outcome: 25.07.c State the physiological significance of intestinal bacteria Learning Outcome: 25.07.e Explain the neurological control of defecation Saladin - Chapter 25 67 Section: 25.01 13 Section: 25.02 Section: 25.03 12 Section: 25.04 Section: 25.05 Section: 25.06 12 Section: 25.07 Topic: Digestive System 65 ... Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the small intestine Learning Outcome: 25.05.b State how the mucosa of the small intestine differs from that of the stomach, and explain the functional significance... secretions and functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas Saladin - Chapter 25 #47 Section: 25.04 Topic: Digestive System 48 Which of these nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine?... mucosa of the small intestine differs from that of the stomach, and explain the functional significance of the differences Saladin - Chapter 25 #48 Section: 25.05 Topic: Digestive System 49 Which of