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Trang 1
YOUR DICTIONARY EXERCISES WITH
Trang 3®
1966
ERIC NEAL
This book has been specially prepared for use
with A SENTENCE DICTIONARY, but
pupils may use any good dictionary |
First published 1966 by Hulton Educational Publications, Ltd,
55/89 Saffron Hill, London, E.C.1
Printed in Great Britain by Richard Clay (The Chaucer Press), Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk
EXERCISE 1
Do you REALLY know the alphabet ?
(a) Write down the letter of the alphabet that follows
each of these given below: b, j, 0, s, v, g, d, i, 0, a, k, w, q, 1, e, x, ¢, f, h, m, p, r, t, u, ÿ (6) Now write the letters which come BEFORE each of these: c, j, x, b, f, n, s, m, v, p, g, d, 1, i, t, 0, u, z, y, 1, k, e, q, w EXERCISE 2
Here are some sentences which have been put in ‘code’ To de-code them you have to replace each letter with the one that comes after it in the alphabet The first sentence has been de-coded for you Do the others for yourself
(1) XNT LTRS SQX XNTQ ADRS (YOU MUST TRY YOUR BEST.) (2) JDDO SGD RDBQDS
(3) SGD RTM HR GNS (4) LX BNTRHM JMNVR, (5) SGHR HR HM BNCD
To de-code the next five sentences you replace each letter with the one that comes BEFORE it in the alphabet
Trang 4(3) UPOZ JT MBUF (4) EP OPU UFMM KBNET (5) DPEFT BSF GVO
EXERCISE 3
This exercise is to give you practice in finding words quickly Look up the words below and write down the
WORD THAT COMES AFTER each in the dictionary
See how many words in each group you can find in three minutes
Keep your score and try again each week to see if you can do better
BEFORE BEGINNING TO LOOK UP A WORD CONSI- DER WHETHER THE LETTER IT BEGINS WITH IS NEAR THE BEGINNING, THE MIDDLE, OR THE END OF THE DICTIONARY
(1) abandon, azure, babble, buzzer, cabbage, Czechoslo-
vakia, dabble, dynamo, each, eyrie, fable, future
(2) gabble, gypsy, haberdashery, hysterics, ice, ivy, jab,
juvenile, kangaroo, Kremlin, label, lyric
(3) mythical, nag, nymph, oak, oyster, pace, python,
quack, quote, rabbi, rye, Sabbath, systematic
(4) tab, tyre, udder, utterly, vacancy, vulture, wad, wry,
Xmas, xylophone, yacht, yule-tide, zeal, Zulu
(5) beige, hash, confide, confiscate, pylon, haven, intact, prim, humane, spool, hart, beckon, hexagon, horde, pious
(6) rotation, pith, robot, plumage, intricate, gimlet, baulk, privet, vanilla, sinew, abusive, escapade, plaice, sheik, trowel
(7) pliable, slogan, bailiff, grovel, bask, wisp, brink,
ponderous, synopsis, perimeter, modulate, intrepid,
accessible, excavate, hermit, platinum, russet
(8) astrologer, mosque, instep, fluent, camouflage, wary,
implicate, effigy, wily, vacation, subtle, resin, harass, rotation, gesticulate, dalmatian, benefactor, amputate
(9) theme, vixen, bilberry, capstan, ungainly, silhouette, divulge, admonish, recipient, yoke, shaft, hilarious, spa, viaduct, shrew, weir, mutual, hovel, cassock, abscond
EXERCISE 4
As many of the words in the dictionary begin with the same letter, they are arranged according to the letter
that comes second For example, in the A’s, words
beginning ab come first, then words beginning ac, and so on—like this:
A (i) (1) able, (2) acid, (3) admit, (4) aerial, (5) affable, (6) agency, (7) ahead, (8) aisle, (9) ajar, (10) akin Look up all the above words in your dictionary, and WRITE DOWN ANY FOR WHICH THE DICTIONARY GIVES MORE THAN ONE MEANING
Trang 5THE FIRST WORD ON EACH PAGE OF THE DIC- TIONARY IS PRINTED AT THE TOP LEFT-HAND CORNER, AND THE LAST WORD ON THE PAGE AT THE TOP RIGHT-HAND CORNER, SO YOU CAN SEE AT A GLANCE WHICH PART OF THE ALPHABET IS ON EACH PAGE,
A (ii) (1) angle, (2) approve, (3) aquarium, (4) artful, (5) astute, (6) attire, (7) audible, (8) aviary, (9) awash, (10) azure
B (1) barge, (2) beam, (3) biceps, (4) bleach, (5) boar, (6) braille, (7) bungle
C (1) cashier, (2) cedar, (3) chaff, (4) cistern, (5) clan, (6) colon, (7) crane, (8) curt, (9) cyclone, (10) Czech D (x) dais, (2) debris, (3) digit, (4) docile, (5) drawl,
(6) dune, (7) dwindle, (8) dyke
E (i) (x) eaves, (2) eccentric, (3) edge, (4) eerie, (5) effigy,
(6) Egypt, (7) eiderdown, (8) ejaculate, (9) elegant,
(xo) eminent
E (ii) (s) entry, (2) epic, (3) equinox, (4) erosion, (5) estuary, (6) eternity, (7) evasive, (8) ewe, (9) exhale, (10) eyrie
F (1) fallacy, (2) feint, (3) finch, (4) fleece, (5) foist, (6) frivolous, (7) fugitive
G (x) gastric, (2) gesture, (3) ghastly, (4) gimlet, (5) glade, (6) gnash, (7) gouge, (8) grain, (9) guttural,
(10) gymnastic
H = (1) harrow, (2) heritage, (3) hind, (4) hose, (5)
husky, (6) hypocrite
I (1) idol, (2) iLe., (3) ignite, (4) illusion, (5) immune,
(6) incline, (7) irate, (8) isobar, (9) italics, ( 10) ivory
J (1) jaunt, (2) jettison, (3) jingle, (4) joiner, (5) junk, M N 0 (i) (1) kayak, (2) kestrel, (3) kindred, (4) knot, (5) Kremlin (1) lance, (2) lenient, (3) listless, (4) Hama, (5) lodge, (6) lurid, (7) lynch (1) maroon, (2) mettle, (3) mite, (4) mobile, (5) mute, (6) mythical (x) navigate, (2) negative, (3) nitrogen, (4) novel, (5) nuclear, (6) nymph
(1) oast, (2) obtuse, (3) octagon, (4) odious, (5)
officious, (6) ogre, (7) ointment, (8) olive, (g) omit, (10) onslaught O (ii) (1) ooze, (2) opaque, (3) order, (4) Oslo, (5) otter, Q R S (i) S (ii) T (6) oust, (7) ovation, (8) owe, (9) oxygen, (10) oyster
(1) parasite, (2) perch, (3) phase, (4) pilfer, (5) plausible, (6) pneumatic, (7) pore, (8) prefix,
(9) psalm, (10) putrid
ALL words beginning with Q have U as their
second letter
(1) rabble, (2) recess, (3) rhododendron, (4) rime, (5) routine, (6) rustic, (7) rye
(1) savoury, (2) scull, (3) seethe, (4) shaft, (5) sinew,
(6) skulk, (7) sliver, (8) smirk
(1) snare, (2) sole, (3) species, (4) squalid, (5) stevedore, (6) supreme, (7) swivel, (8) synopsis (1) tangible, (2) tedious, (3) theme, (4) tiller,
(5) toll, (6) trounce, (7) tuition, (8) twine, (9)
tyrant
Trang 6Vv (1) vandal, (2) vendor, (3) visual, (4) void, (5)
vulgar
W (1) waif, (2) weal, (3) whet, (4) wily, (5) woe, (6) wrap
(x) yarn, (2) yearn, (3) yield, (4) yoke Z (1) zeal, (2) zither, (3) zoology, (4) Zulu
re
EXERCISE 5
This exercise has to do with arranging words in order (All the words are in the dictionary; so if you have difficulty in arranging them you can look there to see how it is done.)
(1) Arrange these words in their correct alphabetical order, according to their FIRST letters:
(a) fifty, jewel, deck, history, absent, boil, yolk, knot, mole, cube (8) rank, organ, petal, gull, abolish, dahlia, force, bacteria, earn, cancel (c) capsule, easel, idea, bailiff, jewel, gravy, acacia, lazy, nap, damson
(d) deceit, halo, academy, ignore, learn, banisters, canopy,
eclipse, jewel, native
(e) impudent, casserole, kennel, niece, barrier, legend, decree, hammer, access, elegant
(f) harpoon, acquit, index, design, kettle, baton, numb,
cavity, embrace, lily
(g) beige, indeed, deluge, haunt, achieve, enmity, census,
kilt, lion, oath
(h) love, erupt, believe, heather, inhale, kiss, affable,
deprive, obedient, chalet
(i) labour, desk, loyal, biceps, explain, octave, chef, herd,
ailment, ingot
(j) maggot, chrysalis, devote, fable, amiable, hermit,
inside, billion, lace, owl ‘
(k) farm, ample, hide, circuit, iron, lance, blithe, dignity, maize, tabby
(2) jester, disgust, lard, blurt, mauve, clarinet, annex, pantry, zinc, fiction
(2) All the words in each group have the same first
letter; arrange them in alphabetical order according
to their SECOND letters:
(a) aspire, affable, avert, abolish, annex, acacia, appro- priate, amiable, ailment
() biceps, baton, bulge, believe, blurt, braid, bouquet (ce) cringe, console, cygnet, climax, cavity, chalet, cubicle, census, circuit (2) duke, daffodil, dial, deaf, dozen, dynamo, dwarf, dragon (e) elegant, eternal, eye, earn, effort, eclipse, edible, error, eject, Egypt
(f) flex, freeze, fife, fabric, fuse, fern
(g) ghost, gnaw, gym, gander, genuine, giddy, gull, glen, gravy, goal
(h) hide, hump, home, hyphen, halo, hermit
(z) ignore, idea, ice, ivy, item, illness, issue, invade, iron, impudent,
Trang 7(a) otter, onion, olive, oven, outrage, owl, office, ovster,
ostrich, ooze
(p) pigmy, pose, placid, pyramid, pudding, pneumatic, photograph, prism, petal, pantry
(r) rival, rut, rye, rogue, respite, rascal, rhyme
(s) smack, sure, snow, swing, syrup, squeak, skin, stupid, satin, spice (t) thistle, type, trivial, turf, towel, tweed, tabby, tight, tepid (uw) uphill, ulcer, union, ugly, utter, udder, urgent, um- brella, useful
(1) lame, lapel, lair, laden, lava, lasso, lazy, larch, lawn, lath, lanky, launch, label, lake, lagoon, laconic
(m) meddle, megaphone, mercury, Mexico, mew, message, menace, meek, mechanic, meadow, melancholy, meter,
memento
(n) nod, nominate, nobly, nozzle, notch, nowhere, normal, noose, none, noisy, novice, nostril, nourish
(p) peat, Peiping, percussion, pebble, peculiar, peg, pewter, petty, peony, peddle, pelt, pester, peevish, penalty, pepper
(r) razor, ravine, rarity, raiment, racket, rabbi, raffle, rally, rasher, rayon, rapier, rake, ragged, radiate, raw,
(3) All the words in each of the following groups have the same first two letters; arrange them in order of their THIRD letters:
(a) abuse, abyss, absurd, abroad, above, abnormal, able, (t) abandon, ability, abdomen, abbot
raucous
(s) sister, siphon, simmer, sift, sickle, size, siren, sinew, sieve, sidle, signal, site, sixty
tier, tickle, tiller, tights, tissue, title, tinge, tiresome, tiff, timid, tidy, tip-toe
(b) bask, balance, bait, baptize, bawl, baggage, barge, (2) bay, bath, bandit, bakery
(c) coke, coffee, cockle, coarse, concern, cottage, coral,
colander, coil, code, coster
(d) deny, deed, deacon, depot, dejected, debate, decay,
vigour, vicar, viaduct, viz., vivid, virtue, vinegar, view, vibrate, vixen, vital, viper, villain, Vikings, viola
(4) All the words in each of the following groups have the same first three letters; arrange them in order of their FOURTH letters:
deface, delegate, demolish, deduce
(e) elicit, elude, elastic, elder, elbow, elope, elves, else,
elm, ellipse, elf
(f) filter, field, fibre, fidget, finch, fixture, firm, fizz, five,
figure, fiction, fission, fife
(g) gutter, guess, guffaw, guy, guard, gurgle, gulf, gush, gum, guidance
(h) hood, horde, homage, hockey, hound, hoe, howl, hold,
honey, hovel, hotel, hoist, hosiery, hope
(b) baritone, bargain, barn, bark, barely, barracks, bard,
barter, barometer, barley
(ec) candid, canvas, canoe, canyon, caning, cancel, canter,
canal, cane, canned
(g) grate, grammar, gradual, graft, grape, grasp, granary, grain, grace, gravy, graze, grab
(i) incident, incense, incapable, incur, income, include,
inch, increase
Trang 8(m) manual, manner, mania, manage, manhood, man-
oeuvre, many, mansion, manger, mankind, mane, manly
(o) outward, outlandish, out, outwit, outrage, outfit,
outing, outburst, output, outside, outcast
(p) parcel, pare, parlour, parade, pardon, particle, parrot, park, parsley, parish
(g) quake, quarantine, quadruped, quack, quay, quaver, quality, quail
(r) receive, recur, recapture, rectify, recline, reckon, recipe, recruit, recoil
(s) scarves, scatter, scapegoat, scamper, scaffold, scales, scab, scant (2) there, theatre, these, their, they, theft, thence, theme, theory (v) vertical, verb, verge, verdict, very, verse, verify, vermin
(w) warble, warfare, war, warlike, ward, warped, warily, Warsaw, wary, warm, wart, warn, warrant
(5) All the words in each of the following groups have
the same first four letters; arrange them in order of their FIFTH letters:
(c) compete, compliment, compulsory, compress,
company, component
(0) overseas, overwhelm, overjoyed, overboard, over- haul, over, overalls, overlap, overflow, overtake, overdo, overcast
(p) (2) parade, parable, paragraph, paratroops, parachute,
parasite, paraffin, parapet, parallel
(p) (#) postscript, poster, posture, post, postman, postage,
postpone
(s) squadron, squat, squabble, squander, squaw, square, squalid, squash
(6) All the words in each of the following groups have the same first 5 letters; arrange them in order of their SIXTH letters:
(p) partition, particle, partial, parting
(s) superhuman, superb, super, superstitious, superficial, superior, supernatural, superman
(t) transfer, translate, transparent, transmit
(uw) underclothes, undertake, under, understand, under- hand, underwear, underline, underrate, undergo
EXERCISE 6
Find the answers to the following questions by looking up the word in italic letters in A SENTENCE DICTIONARY (The words in italic letters are in
alphabetical order as in the dictionary.) SET I
(1) What is an abbot?
(2) Where is your abode?
(3) For what purpose would a person go to an academy? (4) Which of these is a person: an accessary or an acces-
sory?
(5) How do you play an accordion? (6) What is stored in an accumulator? (7) Give another word for adolescent (8) When is Advent?
Trang 9(10) What would you expect to find in an almanac?
(11) What amentties are there in your home town?
(12) What is an antiseptic used for?
(13) For what purpose would anyone use an anvel? (14) What is arable land?
(15) What would you expect to find in an avéary? SET 2
(1) What does a baboon look like? (2) Why does a ship carry ballast? (3) Name three kinds of band
(4) Where would you expect to find barnacles?
(5) Beach and beech—which is the sandy one and which the leafy one?
(6) Name three beverages
(7) For what purpose would anyone use a bier? (8) What do you do to a thing when you bisect it? (9) What kinds of things does a blacksmith make?
(10) What would you learn about in a botany lesson? (11) What is a bradawl used for?
(12) How would you make brine? (13) What is bronze made of? (14) Where is Bulgaria?
(15) What is a buttress for?
SET 3
(1) What would you be likely to find in a caddy?
(2) Cannon and canon—which says prayers, and which
goes, ‘Bang!’
(3) What kind of person goes into a capsule? What kind of capsule goes into a person?
(4) What would you expect a lady to keep in a casket? (5) Where would you look for a celestial object?
(6) How long is a chain?
(7) For what purpose would anyone use a churn?
(8) Write down the name of the civilian nearest to you (g) What does a compass needle always do?
(10) Where would you conceal a secret message?
(11) What was the consequence of Betty’s eating cream buns?
(12) What is the most conspicuous object in the room? (13) How can you be sure not to catch a contagious
disease?
(14) Whom would you expect to find in a convent? (15) What shape is a crank? Draw it
SET 4
(1) What is in the middle of a damson? (2) Where would you go to find a deacon?
(3) How many meanings has the word ‘deal’ in your
dictionary?
(4) Name four deciduous trees (three are given in the
dictionary)
(5) What is a decoy used for?
(6) If you found yourself in a deluge, what would you do? (7) For what reason would a country deport a person?
(8) Is a ‘dessert’ fruity, or sandy? (9) How many digits have you?
(10) Does a diligent boy deserve punishment, or a reward? (x1) If you had a dinghy where would you be likely to
keep it?
(12) What shape is a discus?
(13) What would you need to do if you were dishevelled? (14) Which is usually the more dogged—a dog, or a don-
key?
Trang 10SET 5
(1) What would you be likely to place on an easel?
(2) Where are the eaves of a house?
(3) How do you know when there is an eclipse? (4) What is in an eiderdown?
(s) Where in Britain would you expect to find an elevator? (6) How would you use an embrocation?
(7) Why do people emigrate?
(8) How is an emulsion made?
(9) What three-letter word means the same as eén-
deavour?
(10) Where are you likely to see the red ensign?
(11) How would you entice an animal back into its cage?
(12) When will the next equinox be?
(13) Name two evergreen shrubs or trees (14) Give an example of an exaggeration
(15) What tool would you use in order to excavate some- thing?
SET 6
(1) When would it be wrong to make facetious remarks? (2) What would a man use a falcon for?
(3) How would you recognize fallow land if you saw it? (4) What does a famished person require?
(5) On what kind of occasion would you expect to hear a
fanfare?
(6) What happens to a person who meets with a fatal accident?
(7) What should you do if you are fatigued?
(8) How do you know when you have a fever?
(9) Would you like your friend to be fickle?
(10) Name two kinds of fields where there may not be any
grass
(11) What would you expect a finance committee to be concerned with?
(12) How could you flatter a girl? (13) Who uses a forge?
(14) Where do fossils come from?
(15) Why might you fumigate a room?
SET 7
(1) What was the difference between a galleon and a galley?
(2) What does a gaunt man look like? (3) How is gelatin made?
(4) How many genders are there?
(5) What would you read about in a geology book? (6) What happens when a seed germinates?
(7) How do people gesticulate?
(8) What would you require in order to gild something? (9) Where is a girdle worn?
(10) What was a gladiator’s job?
(11) What advice would you give to a glutton?
(12) Which is the steeper gradient, 1 in 5, or 1 in 7? (13) How do you grill food?
(14) Under what circumstances might you have to grope for something? (15) How do you think you would react to a gruesome sight? SET 8 (1) What kinds of things could you buy in a shop’s haberdashery department?
(2) What could cause a person to look haggard?
(3) To what part of a horse would you fasten his halter?
Trang 11(6) Where would you carry your haversack? (7) What is the name given to hawthorn blossom? (8) What would you expect a hearse to be carrying? (9) What does a heifer grow into?
(10) What is a herbaceous plant? (11) Draw a hexagon
(12) Are hilarious people cheerful, or sad? (13) Give another name for Holland
(14) What kind of goods would you find in the hosiery
department of a shop?
(15) Why are some car brakes called hydraulic brakes?
SET 9
(1) How could you édentify your watch (or pen, cycle, etc.)? (2) Give an example of something that is illegal
(3) What is there in your classroom to illuminate itt
(4) What advice would you give to an impetuous person?
(5) Name a food that we import into Britain
(6) What object in the room do you think is incon- spicuous?
(7) What would you expect to find in an incubator?
(8) How do you catch infectious diseases?
(9) Name a rank of soldier who is infertor to a general
(10) Why do people dislike an informer?
(11) Would an innocuous drink harm you? (12) How could you improve insipid food? (13) How would you intercept a messenger?
(14) What would you find written on the invoice in a
parcel?
(15) Where would you look for isobars?
SET 1O
(1) When would you be likely to use a jack?
(2) What would be likely to make a person look jaded?
(3) What would you be if you had a jailer looking after
you?
(4) Would you be likely to enjoy a jaunt?
(3) For what purpose would anyone buy a javelin nowa-
days?
(6) How did a jester earn his living?
(7) When aircraft jettison their fuel, what do they do
with it?
(8) What is a jetty for?
(9) When girls jilt boys, what is it they do?
(10) What is a joiner’s work?
(11) With what would you eat ketchup?
(12) Which of the meanings of key is something heard?
(13) What would you use a kiln for?
(14) What kind of people use a kindergarten?
(15) What would you be likely to knead?
SET IT
(1) What do people do in a laboratory?
(2) Write a laconic reply to the question: ‘Where are you
going after school?’
(3) How would you Jag water pipes? (4) What is in a lagoon?
(5) What landmark can you see from near your school?
(6) Of what use is the larch? " —_
(7) Larva and lava—which comes from an egg, and which
from a volcano?
(8) Where would you find lines of latitude? (9) What would you fasten to a leash?
(10) Where would you expect to find a lectern?
(11) What happens to anyone who takes a lethal dose of
anything?
(12) What is linen made from?
Trang 12(14) Exactly how long is a /unar month?
(15) How would you lure an animal out of its hole? SET 12
(1) Suggest an occasion when a marquee might be re- quired
(2) Give an example of a melancholy sound (3) For what purpose would you keep a memento?
(4) Of what use is millet?
(s) Where are you most likely to see a mirage? (6) How does a mitten differ from a glove? (7) What is a mobile canteen?
(8) Describe the appearance of molasses
(9) Why haven’t you seen a single molecule? (10) Name any monarch who is living now
(x1) What is the reason for building a monument? (12) What does a moose look like?
(13) What is mortar used for?
(14) When does a person wear mourning?
(15) What is odd about the parents of a mule? SET 13
(1) How does a navy earn his living?
(2) Name two neuter things (3) What does a newt look like?
(4) Where can you be sure of finding nitrogen? (5) What do you require in order to make a noose?
(6) Ought you to believe what you read in a novel?
(7) Where would you fix a nozzle?
(8) What are oast houses for?
(9) How would you make an obeisance?
(10) Name anything that has an obnoxious smell
(11) Give an example of an obsolete weapon
(12) Draw an octagon
(13) How are people likely to feel about ominous sounds?
(14) Where do oriental things come from?
(15) Why are outspoken people sometimes disliked?
SET 14
(1) What does a pacifist believe?
(2) inl galing, or three places where you are likely to
(3) Which kind of painter can you tie in knots?
(4) Where would you expect to find a peasant? (5) Why does a clock have a pendulum?
(6) How long is a perch?
(7) Give two examples of perishable goods (8) What kinds of things are made of porcelain?
(9) When did prehistoric events happen?
(x0) In what position are you if you are lying prone? 3 How do ys prosecute anyone?
12 at is the most i ela t interesting place in the proximity i i imi (13) Why is an animal put in quarantine?
(14) What is a detective’s quarry?
(15) How many in a quintet?
SET 15
(1) How would you expect a rabble to behave?
(2) Where would you look for rafters?
(3) Name four kinds of people who might make a raid (4) For what reason would you give anyone a receipt?
(5) What happens when you reconcile two people?
(6) What is a registrar’s job?
(7) How does a person relax?
(8) What happens to a law if a government repeals it?
(9) Under what circumstances would you be likely to
Trang 13(10) What sort of buildings will you find in the residential
part of a town?
(11) What is the meaning of: “Joan and Jane received seven
and nine marks respectively’?
(12) What is pleasant about a respite?
(13) What do you intend doing about a promise if you
revoke it?
(14) Write down a riddle—and the answer
(15) What is the difference between a Roman and a Romany?
SET 16
(1) Why is a salient point so noticeable? (2) What does a sapphire look like?
(3) Where would you expect to notice a savoury smell? (4) What did a man keep in his scabbard?
(s) What is the reason for making a scathing remark?
(6) What does a schooner look like? (Draw one if you can.) (7) Would you be happy about doing business with a
scrupulous person?
(8) Why did old-time seamen get scurvy? (9) What word means the opposite of ‘secular’? (10) Why are children never senile?
(11) How can you recognize a sergeant? (12) How would you sever a rope? (13) What was a sickle used for?
(14) Name two substances that are soluble in water (15) What does a stevedore do for a living?
SET 17
(1) How would you stifle your laughter? (2) What was the purpose of a stockade?
(3) What kinds of people wear stoles? (4) How do you straddle anything?
24
(5) What is the effect of strenuous work on people? (6) Where and when will you find stubble?
(7) How could someone stupefy you?
(8) Where would you look for a subterranean stream? (9) What would you wish to wear on a sultry day? (10) Mention any supernatural happening that you have
heard about
(11) Give an example of something that is supple (12) How does a surly person behave?
(13) What is the difference between a Swede and a swede? (14) Write the middle syllable of the word ‘lemonade’ (15) What is the digestive system?
SET 18
(1) What do people taking part in a tableau do? (2) How would you tabulate a set of figures?
(3) What do people do in a tannery?
(4) How is a tapestry made?
(5) What makes a job tedious? (6) In what tense is ‘I said’?
(7) Where do terrestrial animals live? (8) Name four kinds of textiles (9) Why do farmers thresh corn?
(10) What does a thrifty person do with his money?
(11) What is thyme used for?
(12) What happens when someone is given a blood transfusion?
(13) Name a transparent substance
(14) How does a turbine work?
(15) For what purpose would anyone employ a tutor?
SET 19
(1) What makes a decision unanimous?
(2) How would you feel if you heard an uncanny noise?
Trang 14(3) What advice would you give to an uncouth person? (4) When are you likely to look unkempt?
(5) Why should you not have dealings with an wiscrupu- lous person?
(6) What makes a thing unwieldy?
(7) How does anyone upholster furniture?
(8) What is an urban district?
EXERCISE 7
Look up the following words in your dictionary; then
write a suitable interesting sentence OF YOUR OWN
using each (The words you have to look up are not arranged in alphabetical order for you this time.)
(9) How does a person vacate a seat? 5 WHENEVER YOU WRITE A SENTENCE SPECIALLY
(10) Where would you find the van of an army: TO SHOW THE USE OF A PARTICULAR WORD, THAT
(11) What is a vat used for i WORD SHOULD BE UNDERLINED—OR PRINTED IN
(12) What are vermin? ITALICS AS WE DID IN EXERCISE 6
12) When does a soldier become a veteran? ;
a What is the reason for building a viaduct? (1) (AIl antmals) baboon, badger, mole, camel, calf,
~\ What is in a void? dormouse, fawn, dromedary, ferret, oxen, gazelle,
(15) alligator
SET 20 (2) (All boats 'ships) ark, punt, liner, steamer, cruiser,
(x) What makes a person look wan? › canoe, barge, dredger, schooner, yacht, dinghy, (2) What would you expect to find in a warren: frigate, kayak
(3) How would you look for a watermark? (4) What might be the cause of a weal on someone’s (3) (All birds) robin, hawk, dove, sparrow, duck, eagle,
4 chaffinch, heron, stork, vulture, pigeon, cuckoo,
tệp penguin, pheasant, quail, plover
(s) What is the effect of putting a weir across a stream? nản, pác a Mp
(6) Name three things that people are likely to wield (4) (Capital cities) Berlin, Rome, Belgrade, Moscow, Oslo, Washington, Paris, Madrid, Brussels, Copen-
i winch for?
(7) What might you use a hagen, Lisbon, Bucharest, Peking, Delhi, Tokyo,
(8) Why does a person writhe?
(9) How is the sound of a xylophone made? Warsaw ˆ
(10) What is a yacht used for? (5) (Flowers) primrose, iris, buttercup, nasturtium, may, (x1) What kinds of things do people yearn for? rhododendron, daisy, Tose, tulip, daffodil, bluebell, (12) What kind of work does a yeoman do? anemone, aster, Michaelmas daisy, wallflower,
(13) How isa yoke used? geranium, dandelion
(14) Give some uses of zinc (6) (Trees) elm, almond, acacia, palm, rowan, oak, ash,
(13) What does a zoologist study? pine, fir, cedar, mahogany, teak, beech, maple, yew,
Trang 15(7) (Fruits) peat, pomegranate, peach, banana, olive, apple, gooseberry, plum, greengage, raspberry, apri- cot, strawberry, currant, mulberry, grape, blackberry,
grapefruit, pineapple, orange, loganberry
(8) (Things to eat) rice, mushroom, butter, pudding,
mincemeat, sausages, marmalade, mutton, veal,
pastry, ketchup, sandwich, macaroni, spaghetti,
semolina, kippers, honey, cauliflower, macaroon,
parsnip
(9) (Fish) haddock, crab, halibut, mackerel, herring,
octopus, lobster, salmon, oyster, shark, plaice,
shrimp, cod, sole, eel, stickleback, pike, roach, perch, mussel
(10) (Games) tennis, chess, polo, football, draughts,
dominoes, rounders, cricket, golf, hockey, snap, charades, marbles, bridge, pontoon
(x1) (Buildings) palace, barn, hovel, barracks, kiosk, house, prison, hospital, garage, depot, hall, school, cinema, church, temple, cathedral, chapel, stable
(12) (Musical instruments) banjo, accordion, violoncello,
organ, oboe, guitar, ukulele, lute, piccolo, clarinet, flute, trumpet, horn, fife, trombone, piano, drum,
violin, viola
All the words in (1) to (x2) above are the names of THINGS—NOUNS The words in (13) to (16) below all tell of SOMETHING DONE—VERBS Use the verbs below in sentences as you did the nouns above
(13) (Done with the hands) write, mow, wash, screw, pare, paste, gesticulate, grope, pinch, dress, pack, fasten, fold, paint, groom, pelt, handle, pocket, type, punch,
push
(14) (Done in the mind) loathe, forgive, ponder, dote, dread, enjoy, decide, doubt, guess, imagine, love, forgive,
pity, reckon, resent, recall, hate, assume, wonder, trust, understand
(15) (Done with the feet/legs) patrol, kick, clamber, step,
pedal, jump, stride, march, stroll, swagger, dance, waltz, trip, stumble, totter, rush, trample, dribble
(16) (Done in various other ways) cough, attack, pierce,
dedicate, swim, dock, fly, find, guide, harm, idolize, impede, itch, jostle, loiter, marvel, nibble, lodge,
receive, obey, purchase, relax, occur, propose
The words in (17) and (18) below are ADJECTIVES— they tell you something about nouns (i.e people or things) Use these adjectives in sentences as you did the nouns and verbs above
(17) (About people) furtive, gracious, hostile, timid,
obedient, muscular, kind, versatile, gentle, blind, shy,
ambitious, discreet, elegant, covetous, candid, listless,
nervous, jovial, affable, agile, haggard
(18) (About things) large, hereditary, fragile, legal, naval, gnarled, flexible, bulky, classical, opaque, russet, movable, fresh, laconic, national, obsolete, harmless, celestial, empty, perishable
The words in (19) and (20) below are ADVERBS—they tell you something about WORDS WHICH ARE NOT NOUNS See that they do this in the sentences in which you put them
(19) (Many adverbs end in -ly hke these.)
scarcely, certainly, faithfully, surely, badly, gradually, slowly, truly, happily, quickly, easily, terribly, heavily, simply, purely, probably
Trang 16(20) (But many adverbs do not end in -ly: here are some.)
seldom, always, twice, again, often, very, almost,
therefore, thus, rather, quite, since, already, before, late, soon, now, sometimes, once, much,
EXERCISE 8
All the following words have two meanings (or more)
each; the meanings are separated in A SENTENCE
DICTIONARY by black blocks (m) Put each word in TWO sentences, one sentence for each meaning (The first one is done for you.) (a) beam (i) A heavy wooden beam supported the roof of the old house (ii) The beam of light from Dick’s torch showed us the path ahead
(b) knot (k) shaft (é) mine
(c) lean (2) matches (u) port
(d) marrow (m) scales (v) report (e) vain (n) note (w) present
(f) temper (0) sash (x) revolution (g) miss (p) prompt (») racket
(h) kite (q) sage (z) lying (2) swallow (r) palm
(j) litter (s) pointed
EXERCISE 9
Notice that in the following words there is a difference in meaning when the words are being used as a noun (the name of something, e.g 2 cough) and as a verb (something done, e.g to cough) Put each word in TWO
sentences as in Exercise 8, but this time using the word
as a noun in the first sentence and a verb in the second
(The first one is done for you.) (a) bribe
(t) The thief offered the policeman a bribe of £50 so that he would let him go
(2z) The thief tried to bribe the policeman with {£50 to let him go free
(8) burn (Rk) command (s) silence
(c) pocket (2) drive (t) frown
(d) saddle (m) scent (z2) can (e) call (ø) escort (v) ornament (f) cause (0) signal (w) skin (g) sample (p) cough (x) sign (h) coach (q) land (y) outline (t) screw (r) milk (z) struggle (j) seat
EXERCISE 10
(1) Rule two columns in your exercise book; write ‘masculine’ at the top of one and ‘feminine’ at the top of the other, and put each of the following words in the correct column:
niece, mother, duchess, hostess, heroine, abbot, duke, actress, empress, heir, host, actor, abbess, emperor,
heiress, lion, mistress, male, lady, lioness, nephew, female,
lord, countess, bridegroom, bachelor, sister, bride,
brother, spinster, earl, father, hero, husband, wife, stallion, master, mayor, mare, mayoress
Trang 17EXERCISE 11
Some words, such as ‘child’ or ‘friend’ could be EITHER masculine or feminine; other words, such as ‘door’ or ‘plant’ are NEITHER masculine nor feminine
So rule two columns and put ‘EITHER mas or fem.’ at the top of one, and ‘NEITHER mas nor fem.’ at the
top of the other Now put each of the following words in the correct column:
delegate, tributary, person, child, derrick, cattle, doctor,
parsnip, magazine, deputy, delinquent, disc, dragon, divan, emulsion, friend, owner, acquisition, cousin, banisters, ballad, teacher, reader, politician, bulletin, patient, catastrophe, nomad, missionary, adult, colander, fragment, ingenuity, lectern, parent, ravine, player, lubricant,
pedestrian, patriotism, partner, generosity, traveller,
recipient, adolescent, reservoir, infant, sceptre, competitor, inhabitant, stamina, cyclone, exploit
EXERCISE 12
Against each of the following words the dictionary gives a sentence about a person Use the words in
similar sentences, but ABOUT YOURSELF For exam-
ple, against ‘MATCH’ the dictionary has: ‘Bob is play- ing in a football MATCH.’ You could write: ‘Lam going to watch a cricket MATCH.’
(a) misfortune (d) mistake (g) moment
(8) anxious (e) aside (h) carrying (c) depict (f) excepting () name
(7) note (p) initiative (v) scheme (2) caught (¢) number (w) comment (J) neatly (rv) laid (x) nodded (mm) clumsy (s) nervously (y) ludicrous (n) frantic (2 injustice (z) recovery (2) pointed (u) otherwise
EXERCISE 13
The following words have been explai plained in A SEN- i
TENCE DICTIONARY, but not put in sentences Put
each word in a suitable, interesting sentence for your- self
(a) gabble (7) urchin (s) steak (b) invert (k) trinket (¢) shack (c) bask (2) accurate (u) ravenous
(d) anxiety (m) vine (z) javelin (e) redden (n) relative (w) protractor (f) absurd (0) alley (x) lout (g) regain (p) stimulate (y) privet (fh) staircase (q) uproar (z) mould
(1) abscess (r) adult
EXERCISE 14
The drawings on pages 34-6 are illustrati fi
SENTENCE DICTIONARY tions from A
Write: (2) the word that each drawing illustrates,
(ii) a sentence about each illustration
(The first one is done for you as an example.)
Trang 190
EXERCISE 15
This exercise is based on the subjects that you study
in school You can answer the questions by looking up
the words in italics in your dictionary —Nw Ww Ss MATHEMATICS (ARITHMETIC)
(1) What is unsatisfactory about an approximate answer? (2) How do you find a total?
(3) What size box would have a volume of 96 cubic
inches?
(4) Draw three quadrilaterals of different shapes
(5) When is a triangle equilateral? (6) How long is a metre?
(7) Write down the formula for the area of a circle, and the formula for water
(8) What is the product of 5 and 3?
(9) In what way is algebra different from arithmetic?
(1o) What is a dividend? (x1) When are lines parallel?
(12) How do you find the volume of a box?
Trang 20(2) When is a river mouth called a delta ?
(3) Why does a farmer irrigate his land a
(4) Where would you go to see a glacier: , (5) What is the nationality of the citizens of Bucharest?
(6) For what purpose is millet grown! (7) What is an estuary?
(8) Name three countries which are in Europe Asi (9g) Which of the following places is a county—Asla,
Spain, Sahara, Norfolk, Equator? ,
(10) Which of the above five places 1s 4 country: (x1) Which sea lies to the east of Rumantat
(12) Where is the equator? ; , (13) What are you likely to find in a valley: (14) Where are the tropics?
(15) Where are stalactites to be found?
(16) What do you mean by corn:
(17) Name three forms in which you may see cotton (18) What are lines of latitude?
(19) What is an igloo used for? (20) Of what use are contours? ENGLISH
(1) About how many words are there in your dictionary?
(2) How many letters are there in our alphabet? - (3) How is the information in an encyclopaedia arranged: (4) With what do you begin a sentence, and with what do
you end it?
(s) Where must you never put a comma?
(6) Write a phrase , ; e
(7) Which of the following is a verb: pin, new, nip, out?
(8) Write a suitable adjective to go with bicycle’
(9) How does anyone become an author? h
(10) Write the middle syllable of the word ‘lemonade’
(11) Write the words ‘Marys pen’ with an apostrophe in the correct place
(12) Give two examples of Hiterature
(13) Why is there an asterisk against one of the words on page 285 of your dictionary?
(14) Write down all the zouns in question 14
(15) How many kinds of composition do you know of?
Name them
(16) Which are the pronouns in the sentence ‘She has it.’
(17) Give an example of a proverb
(18) What is the difference between poetry and prose? (19) How do you know where a new paragraph begins?
(20) Add a suitable adverb to the words: ‘I thought’
SCIENCE
(1) What does a meteor look like?
(2) What is 100° Centigrade? (3) What does an astronomer do?
(4) What is our biggest satellite? (5) What happens in a nuclear reactor?
(6) For what purpose would anyone require a barometer? (7) What might you do in a chemistry lesson?
(8) Why is oxygen so very important? (9) How long is a lunar month?
(10) Mention some of the subjects you might study in a physics lesson
(x1) What is radar used for?
(12) Why does a car have a radiator?
(13) Where can you most easily find nztrogen? (14) Name two materials that are good insulators (15) Name as many planets as you can
(16) How is a lever used?
Trang 21(18) Why is a car engine called an internal combustion engine?
(19) Name a material that is a good conductor of electricity
(20) What is a radio-active substance? NATURE STUDY
(1) What do caterpillars change into?
(2) Draw a cedar tree
(3) How many kinds of cow can you name?
(4) What are catkins?
(5) Describe a kingfisher
(6) What do you find on the stamens of a flower? (7) What animal is called a steer when it is young? (8) How would you recognize a swallow?
(9) How would you try to catch a stickleback? (x0) Describe a badger
(x1) What are bacteria?
(12) Where is a person’s appendix?
(13) What do people study in biology lessons? (14) How does a grasshopper chirp?
(15) What does a tadpole grow into?
(16) What is meant by a herbaceous plant? (17) What shape are the cells in a honeycomb? (x8) Why is a humming-bird so called?
(19) Name three kinds of insect
(20) Describe the iris that is (a) grown in the garden, (5) in
your eye
RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE
(1) What is a Christian?
(2) Name two prophets mentioned in the Bible
(3) How many Gospels are there in the Bible? Name one of them
(4) Where would you be most likely to find people of the
Hindu religion?
(5) What kind of story is a parable?
(6) Whereabouts in a church is the altar, usually?
(7) When is Whit Sunday?
(8) What are saints? Name two
(9) What was the Apostles’ job?
(10) Who founded the Moslem religion? (11) Where are you likely to find a chapel? (12) What is your parish?
(13) When is a clergyman a vicar?
(14) What is meant by “The New Testament’? (15) What are you likely to find on a lectern?
(16) What is it that Christians celebrate at Easter?
(17) What is a temple used for?
(18) Name two things that could be called ‘holy’
(19) Name a famous missionary
(20) What is a cathedral? -
HISTORY
(1) What happened to people sent to the guillotine as a punishment?
(2) What was a pillory used for?
(3) How was a pike used?
a Lr, did King Richard go on a crusade?
5 at event in history is known as “Th sỹ
(6) Where did the Vikings come from? Connuest
(7) What happened at the Reformation? (8) About when was medieval music written?
(9) How did an enemy lay siege to a town?
(10) How were people fastened into the stocks?
(11) When was the Restoration?
(12) What kind of a ship was a galley? (13) What was the feudal system?
Trang 22(14) What was a herald’s job?
(15) Describe a galleon
(16) What happened when soldiers stormed a castle?
(17) When did stagecoaches go out of use?
(18) What was a lyre?
(19) What is a legend? (20) Describe a lute ART /HANDWORK
(1) What is a plane used for? (2) What is a gouge used for?
(3) How does a dovetail ( joint) get its name?
(4) What is the essential difference between a mallet and a hammer?
(5) When would you be likely to require a pair of pliers?
(6) Describe a palette
(7) On what material is a rasp used? (8) How do you rivet things?
(9) How is a vice used?
(10) What do you measure with a protractor?
(11) What special use has a hack-saw? (12) Give three uses of timber
(13) What would you use a cramp for?
(14) How do you use compasses? (15) What is the thread on a screw?
(16) How do you use a stencil?
(17) What is a silhouette?
(18) What do you cut with a chisel?
(19) In what way is a clamp different from a vice? (20) What adhesive do you usually use?
P.E /SPORTS
(1) How do you turn a somersault?
(2) What is a gymnasium for?
(3) What kind of a race is a sprint?
(4) What does an athlete do with a javelin? (5) What is a /ap of a running track? (6) How do you vault anything? (7) What happens in a hurdle race?
(8) In what game is a shuttlecock used?
(9) What is the difference between the two kinds of polo?
(10) What is a referee’s job?
(11) What is the difference between a referee and an umpire?
(12) What is a discus?
(13) How does a wicket keeper stump a batsman?
(14) How many players are there in a team for your favourite game?
(15) In which game(s) is a racket used?
(16) Explain how to skip
(17) In what sport might you win with a crawl? (18) Where does the runner-up come in a race?
(19) In what game is it not considered babyish to dribble? (20) Why is it better to be in goal than in gaol?
MUSIC
(1) Draw a minim
(2) How do you play a recorder?
(3) What kind of notes does a soprano sing?
(4) What is the big difference between a treble and a
soprano?
(5) Draw a crotchet
(6) What’s the difference between a trio and a quartet?
(7) What is a symphony?
(8) What kind of musician uses a baton?
(9) What are the chief instruments in an orchestra?
Trang 23(11) Give two differences between a quaver and a crotchet
(12) What is an opera?
(13) When do two notes make a trill?
(14) What kind of music is a minuet? + amd
(13) What are the chief differences between oratorio an
operat
(x6) How would you know a bass singer if you heard one? (17) Name a famous musical composition
(18) What is harmony?
(19) When do notes make a chord?
(20) How are percussion instruments played:
EXERCISE 16
Words which have opposite meanings are called ANTONYMS There are 21 words in group (A) below; group (B) consists of the 21 antonyms—but not in the same order Pair off each word in (A) with its correct antonym from (B) (The first pair are done for you.) Example: easy—difficult
(A) easy, public, clean, arrive, adult, love, live, proud, weak, opaque, expand, question, hard, ancient, laugh, guilty, punishment, courage, large, danger, cruel ; (B) cowardice, depart, cry, hate, soft, strong, kind, small,
private, dirty, innocent, die, humble, contract,
difficult, reward, juvenile, modern, answer, trans-
parent, safety
44
EXERCISE 17
Words which have similar meanings are called SYNONYMS Pair off each word in group (A) below with its correct synonym from group (B) (The first pair are done for you.)
Example: enormous—gigantic
(1) (A) enormous, disaster, cunning, commence, circular,
cautious, broad, feeble, astonish, gruff, ancient, halt,
aid, accuse, coarse, elude, dusk, conceal, courage,
deceive, enemy
(B) stop, harsh, weak, gigantic, foe, escape, twilight, calamity, cheat, sly, bravery, hide, begin, rough,
round, careful, wide, surprise, old, help, blame
(2) (A) miserable, anger, riches, defeat, bravery, empty, hang, obstinate, strict, wriggle, slim, strong, wander, show, desire, cure, quick, guard, strong, forbid, gain (B) robust, slender, roam, squirm, reveal, stern, -wish, remedy, stubborn, suspend, rapid, vacant, protect,
valour, powerful, vanquish, wealth, profit, wrath,
prohibit, wretched
EXERCISE 18
Words which have similar sounds but different mean- ings are called HOMONYMS Each sentence below contains a pair of homonyms The first of them is given you (in italic letters); you have to find the other one
and put it in the space provided, underlined
Trang 24THE TWO WORDS WILL ALWAYS BE FOUND EITHER ON THE SAME PAGE IN YOUR DICTIONARY, OR ON
FACING PAGES
(Remember that the two words will have exactly the
same sound—or very nearly so.)
Example: If you ride a cycle without a brake you may
break your neck,
Now do these:
(1) Jack bored a hole through the floor :
(2) You cannot bow to the lady while standing on the of the tree
(3) As the canon left the cathedral an enemy -ball hit the tower
(4) A warm wind blew and there was a clear sky (s) The lord who lives in that manor house dresses in a strange : (6) The cricket ball sent the bail flying off the stumps into a of hay
(7) As the king sat on his throne a stone was at him
(8) Before we could find the pirates’ hoard of gold coins, a of savages rushed upon us
(g) The man was using foul language because a
escaped from his chicken run
(10) The fair girl paid the dark girl’s bus ;
(11) The red flower looked white when I picked it out of
the bag of §
(12) No one guessed that the mysterious
was the princess
(13) The sore place on your heel will not continue to walk on it
(14) Jack’s cleverest feat was to wrap his back of his neck had at the party while you round the (15) I’ve never seen a beech tree growing on the the seaside :
(16) Will it bore you if I tell you about the old —— that
is the father of our piglets?
(17) You pay a higher price for an article if you buy it by
purchase :
(18) I saw the cat pause a moment before grabbing the mouse with its
(ro) Ahead of us was a wide plain on which some ——
trees were growing
(20) I rode my pony along the dusty country at EXERCISE 19 A PREFIX is a letter, or a group of letters, put at the beginni f -
ne Ty VN a word to make another word, e.g night— 1 Put each of the words given below in an interesting sentence; then put the word that is formed by remov- ing the prefix into another sentence (The first one is done for you.)
(1) tri/angle (a) A triangle has three straight sides (0) The biggest angle of a triangle is the
Trang 25(x6) sub/conscious (24) bi/plane (17) sup/press (25) semi/circle (18) super/human (26) am/bush (19) a/sleep (27) inter/national (20) anti/eyclone (28) en/close (21) arch/bishop (29) mis/behave (22) under/hand (30) out/burst (23) auto/mobile
2 Here are some prefixes that give words opposite
meanings: un-, dis-, in-, ab-, ir-, im-, mis-, non-, il- Write out the sentences below, putting the correct
prefix with the word in italics so as to give the oppo-
site meaning
(1) Can the magician make the rabbit appear in the hat?
(2) The patient’s temperature was normal
(3) Is it legal to take birds’ eggs?
(4) It is necessary for you to wear your glasses when you read (5) You do not receive a prize for regular attendance at this school (6) The animal was quite vis7ble against the leafy back- ground
(7) The aircraft made a perfect landing
(8) Billy listens only when I talk sense
(9) You can be sure that Jim will calculate how much we
owe him
3 You have now used thirty-eight different prefixes To find which of them is used most in your dictionary, make a list of the thirty-eight prefixes and against each one write the number of times it is used ONLY
COUNT WORDS THAT LEAVE A WORD YOU KNOW
WHEN THEIR PREFIX HAS BEEN REMOVED 48
EXERCISE 20
A SUFFIX is a letter, or a group of letters, put at the
end of a word to make another word, e.g trouble—
troubleSOME
1 Put each of the words given below in a sentence: then use the word WITHOUT its suffix in ANOTHER sentence (The first one is done for you.)
(x) friend/ship (a) It is when I am in trouble that I most
appreciate your friendship
(6) A friend will always help when you are in trouble (2) act/or (17) post/age (3) farm/er (18) four/th (4) good/ness (ro) maid/en (5) coward/ly (20) stream/let (6) cruel/ty (21) add/ition (7) him/self (22) digest/ion (8) fear/less (23) employ/ee (9) gold/en (24) arrange/ment (10) king/dom (25) act/ive (11) thought/ful (26) equal/ize (12) self/ish (27) equator/ial (13) wood/en (28) fashion/able (14) organ/ist (29) hero/ine (15) praise/worthy (30) heir/ess (16) man/ly
2 Put the correct one of the following twenty suffixes at the end of the word in italics in each of the thirty
sentences on pages so and 51:
Trang 26~smith, —able, —berry, —th, -worthy, —ship, —icle, —ism,
—ty, —less, —ness, ~ic, —hold, —cation (Each of these is
used in ONE sentence only.)
_ist, -y (Each used in TWO sentences.)
—ment, —en, —er, —ary (Each used in THREE sentences.)
—and put the new word you have made in a similar sentence TO SHOW HOW THE MEANING OF THE WORD HAS BEEN CHANGED by the addition of the suffix (The first one is done for you.)
(1) You may depend on Jim to do whatever he promises You write: Jim is a dependable lad; he will do what
he promises ;
(2) How does a poor mother manage to provide so well for her family?
(3) The castle was strong enough to resist any attack
(4) Lovely ornaments can be made from gold
(5) I admire the pluck of the boy who stopped the thief
(6) The fruit of the bramble is black
(7) Just before a storm the sky is very dark (8) Mary will be six years old on Monday (g) Scientists make power by splitting the atom
(10) I have nothing but praise for Pat’s rescue of the drowning boy
(x1) Life is hard for the poor farmers of the East
(12) People who are very infirm have to stay in bed
(13) Only a small part of the apple is bad; you can eat the rest
(14) That man will follow his leader whatever happens (15) I go to a social to enjoy myself with other people
(16) Kind people will always try to help others
(17) When you are late home mother wonders whether you
are safe
(28) You cannot use a match if it is wet
(19) Ha tells the prisoner what his punishment is to
e
(20) Jean plays the violin very well
(21) The poor men /abour in the fields all day for a mere
5s
(22) The car was stopped for a moment while we changed
drivers
(23) You must wash that dirt off your face (24) Mr Brown drives around in a motor(car) (25) Keep still and do not move until I tell you
(26) Mr Chalk’s job is to teach children in school
(27) Dr Livingstone felt that his mission in life was to
preach Christianity to Africans
(28) Supports were put under the bridge to give it greater
strength
(29) Make your lips moist by wetting them with your
tongue
(30) In those sums you multiply* two numbers together *(The ‘y’ becomes ‘i’ when you add the suffix.)
3 You have now used almost forty different suffixes Write them all in a list; then see which of them you can fit most words to (Do not include the words given you in the exercises above.)
For example, words having the suffix ‘-ment’ in your dictionary include: apartment, argument, arrange-
ment, appointment, basement, compartment, disar-
Trang 27EXERCISE 21
Many words are associated with numbers
1 What numbers ought you to think of when you see
these words?
(a) pentagon, (b) zero, (c) gross, (4) score, (€) hexagon, (f) dozen, (g) quintet, (#) decimal
2 Each of the following groups of words is associated with the number in brackets beside it Write down each word, and beside it write this number and say Ha things the number refers to (Three of the words in ‘a are done for you.)
(a) (1) unicorn, uniform, union, unison, unite, unit, unity, universal, monologue, monopoly, monotonous, monotony
Example: unit (1 of whatever we are counting in— gallons, tons, pounds, etc.)
unity (the number 1)
unicorn (t horn—an imaginary creature with a
single horn)
(b) (2) biceps, bicycle, binoculars, biplane, bisect, dual, duel, duet
(c) (3) triangle, tricycle, trident, trio, triple, triplet, tripod (d) (4) quadrangle, quadrilateral, quadruped, quart, quar-
ter, quartet
(e) (8) octagon, octave, octopus
(f) (100) cent, centenary, Centigrade, centime, centimetre,
centipede, centurion, century
EXERCISE 22
Many words are specially difficult to spell and say because they have silent letters; for example, hour (‘h’ is silent) and doubt (‘b’ is silent)
1 In the lists of words below the silent letters have not
been printed Write out the words with the correct letters put into the spaces
(a) a—ms, autum-, —isle, as—end, bom-, condem-, cor—-,
chris—en, com-, colum-, crum-, campai—n, ca—m, clim-, ca-f, cou-d, dis—onest, des-end, dou~—, dou-t
(2) de-t, dum-, des—ent, fo—k, g—astly, —naw, glis—en,
—narled, -onour, —nome, g-inea, hym-, —nat, ha—ve,
g—ild, —onest, g—est, i—land, —not, lam-
(c) -our, —night, g-—ess, lim—, -eir, has—en, —nave,
~eiress, g—atd, —now, —nash, g-ide, —nee, num-,
—sa—m, —nife, rei-n, —nit, recei—t, —nead
(d) —-nock, sta—k, s-ented, —nowledge, —nob, sa—mon,
su—tle, —nack, w—at, s—enery, —neel, solem-, s—eptre, strai——t, —nuckle, s—ene, this—le, s—ent, thum-, ta—k,
(2) s—ience, tong——, w—eel, —ho, tom-—, w—eat, W-—itsun,
yo—k, w-isk, w-isper, vi-count, w-istle, —res-le, —rithe, wa—k, —rite, —rist, —ren, —retched, —riggle 2 Other words use ‘ph’ to make the sound ‘f *s for
example, elePHant All the words missing from the following sentences are of this kind; write out the sentences complete with the missing words (the dashes show the number of letters in the word)
Trang 28(a) (é) A child who has no parents is an 0-~~~—
(ii) A boy is the n—— — of his father’s brother
(0 You take 4 DT~~~~~~~— with a camera
(iv) The two parts of the word are joined by a h——-—— :
(z) I usuaily draw a g on squared paper (vi) As — is ball-shaped
(vit) A p is a large, brightly coloured British bird
(øữn Quy a————~~~~ begins with a and ends with z
(ix) A great victory could be called a t —— :
(x) In ouf p——~~~~ lessons we study magnetism
and electricity
) @Ap -—- is only part of a sentence
(ii) A fairy-like creature called a n———— was supposed
to dwell in the woods
(iii) Broadcasters speak into a m——-~~—~~~ :
(fo) You begin a n€W pT~——~~~” of writing on a
fresh line
(v) To e-— —-— his words Dick banged his fist on the table as he spoke
(vt) We go to the gym for p -— exercises
(vii) The B.B.C, S-e - Orchestra played a S——————~ by Beethoven (oi) À ĐT TT” is someone who collects stamps (ix) The castle was haunted by a p 7— knight in armour (x) In g -— lessons we learn about people of other countries
(c) () The coach shouts instructions to his team through
(#1) The old gipsy says she can p~ ~-~- future
events,
(0 P—~-—=—==-== lows 9® glows with a faint light in the wi ‘ : (2) The p———~— of the moon are the stages it goes
through as it grows
vn 8
(2) I like to listen to records of music played on the
g -~ - l
(vi) The t -~ é poles su tt i
which telegrams are sent prea tas nanan ly vit) You beaten play a x ~ ax ~ with little wooden i i
(viii) Isaiah is a famous Old Testament p -
tị ae play a a by blowing into it , ——=—————-— is a serious disease of the throat
EXERCISE 23
What are the Boe 1
sammie & people called who live in the following
1 Italy, Greece, Spai ly, eece, Spain, Norway, Scotland, Albani
— New Zealand, France, Senrany, —
enmark, Portugal, Soviet Union, China, Hungary 2 " (The Netherlands), Japan, India, ftgrulit
Trang 29EXERCISE 24
ite out the following sentences with the missing
minh put in All the missing words in each group begin with the same letter or group of letters (prefix), and ‘ vis prefix is given you in brackets beside each group (The
dashes show the number of letters in the word.)
" ean was left ~—~~— in the house when all the others (it) Mie ibd ———— cups to their champion
(iit) hoa chà alarm clock sounded Jane —-~-— and
(iv) a their telescopes the travellers could see _——— the Mountains of the Moon
ise of the traffic kept me ——— Ii night ‘\ The noise of the traffic kept me a
và The ship ran — -— and was wrecked on the beach
(vit) I took Jim - from the others to talk about a
rivate matter |
(wit) Do not work your maths examples -—-—— ; it disturbs the rest of the class keh
ix) Mary is -— ; do not wake her
Ẳ 1 am well ————— of the hole in my sock, for everyone tells me about it ;
(xi) We all expected the boat to sink, but somehow it mained -~——~— h ; ; (wit) 1 do not — -— that the answer is 6d.; 1 make it 1s
2 (be—)
() Meet me ~—~~—~—~ 4 and s o'clock
() You -———~ a book on page one
Œ) Wash your hands —————— you eat your dinner, (tv) I would like to present you with this gift on ~ -—-
of all the boys and girls in the form
(w) There is a cellar —————— the floor of the house (vt) —————— of the dog—he bites!
(vit) Whom does this dog — ~ to; are you the owner?
(viiz) Betty walks ———-~—— Peter, holding his hand
(zx) We are expected to be on our best —-—-—_—————
while the visitors are here
(x) John stood at the edge of the cliff and saw the sea
far ——— him
(xi) It -—~ to rain at 9 o’clock and didn’t leave off till afternoon
(xz) The explorers shone their torches into the cave and —————— a most wonderful sight 3 (com—) (7) How long did it take Beethoven to -— — his 5th symphony? (2) Motor cars are driven by internal -~ ~-——~ engines
(2) There is a corridor along railway carriages so that
you can get from one =——— ————— to another
(tv) School attendance Is —~~———~——— ; you are not free to choose whether you will go or not
(v) Oxygen and hydrogen can be made to - together to form water
(22) If you are suffering from a — -~—-—— such as measles you will be covered with spots
(vi) There is a monument in London to -—-— the great Fire of London
(viii) We can — ~-—-—-~ with each other by letter or
Trang 30(ix) Powerful presses can — -~-~~ a car body into a small cube of metal
(+) By a=——~————~~~ of skill and courage David was able to defeat his huge opponent
(xi) Jill’s little dog never left her; he was her constant
(xii) The whole machine stopped because one small ———=—=——— was faulty
4 (con—)
0)-Ã -———— has escaped from the prison
(ti) We had expected the boys to be rude and noisy, but
on the =——————— they were polite and quiet
(aii) I was disappointed on opening the parcel to find that
the -—— had been broken in the post
(iv) When Harry’s knife made——~——~ with the electric wire he received a shock
(v) The next boxing match is a — - between
Basher Brown and Slogger Smith
(vi) If you -— that wire to the battery, the bell
will ring
(vii) We all remarked on the - between the tall, slender figure of Frank and the fat little form of Fred (viii) Roads from all directions - on the city of London (ix) It wasn’t casy t0 ~—~——~—~~— Jane that we were telling the truth (x) It didn’t take the hungry boys long to — -— the whole loaf (xi) The engineers used steel girders to -——— the bridge (xi) All the boys were asked to -~~ 6d to the fund 5 (de—)
() Our train will ————— from platform 3 É) Do not -———— Jean or you will make her late (ii) Our numbers are expected to -—— from 100
to 50
(tv) Teeth are likely to — if you don’t clean them, (v) I must — - your invitation to the dance be-
cause I am unwell
(vt) When you -————~— a key of the organ, a note sounds
(zit) The people wanted to —— their king and have a president instead
(wut) T dislike people who - famous buildings by carving their names on them
(ix) Some traders — -—- their customers by giving
them short weight
(x) I would like your painting to —— a boat on a rough sea
(xt) The caravaners had to — - in a hurry when the angry bull appeared
(wit) If you leave that pile of weeds it will -———-
and form manure
6 (dis—)
@) A of being short is that you can’t
see over the heads of people in a crowd
(a) I am sorry to -—-—— you, but you didn’t win
the prize after all
(iit) What country did Columbus -—-— in 1492?
(iv) It took me hours to -—~ -——— the wool that the
kitten had been playing with
(2) [— - beetroot, so I never eat it
(vt) Bob gave dad a hearty slap on the back to ~ -—-
Trang 31(vii) Engineers came to -~— the huge crane so
that the pieces could be removed on a lorry
(viii) We saw Jill - from her pony and lead it
into the stable
(ix) Joan didn’t do as she was told and was punished for her ——————~~—~—~— :
(x) If you ~=——=~————~ the wire from the battery the
bell will not ring
(x?) My white shirt was ~ —- by being put in
the washer with dad’s red one
(xi?) The crowd expressed their ~ ~ -—— of the
referee by throwing things at him
7: (en—)
(z) If people ——- themselves at your party they will want to come again
(ai) Farmers often -— their land with fences
(aii) Such an attractive singer is sure to — ~-—— the audience
(iv) The fire escape is to — — people to get out of the
building safely in the event of fire
(v) Don’t let the kitten get at your wool or he will
———————— himself in it
(vt) The only way to -— -—— that your message is given
correctly is to take it yourself
(vii) The customer was so — —-~— by the ugly ornament
that he threw it through the window
(viii) If the photo is too small, get Jim to ~~~~——— it for you
(ix) If I should ever -—— a lion in the High
Street I should turn and run for my life
(x) The supporters -—-— their team by shouting and cheering (at) [-+ - this money to you because I know you are honest (x22) Lest people should not keep the law, there are policemen to -~-—— — 1t, 8 (ex—) (2) If boys behave badly at school headmasters some- times — —— them (i) If the water changes into ice it will -_- —— and split the pipe (az) Armed with a torch, the boys set out to - the ; mysterious cave (tv) If you wish to get there quickly go by - train, (ø) I can tell by the - on your face that you are puzzled (vt) You have no excuse for misunderstanding, for I gave you - instructions
(vit) The man is suffering from —~ -——— because he spent the night on the mountain without warm clothing
(wiz) The Indians -——- to Europe most of the tea they grow
(ix) The ———————_— of the house looked very shabby, but
the inside was well kept
(x) The dentist will ——— that bad tooth for you (xt) ‘Breathe in, then =————— to the sound “‘ah”.’ (x) TÍ you —————— your bare back to the hot sun you
will get it burnt,
g (fore—)
(z) I know by the weather -—— that we are likely
Trang 32(a) John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough was a —————————— of Sir Winston Churchill
(iii) Benjamin Britten is one of our — ——— com- posers (iv) John has a bump on his — ——— where he walked into a lamp-post @) A s job is to see that the workmen do their work properly
(vi) Astrologers claim that they can —-~~ future events by studying the stars
(vii) The man pointed with his -—— ‘That's the house,’ he said (viii) Seeing the thief about to grab the jewel, John leapt forward to ———————~— him (ix) Your -~- is between your elbow and wrist (for—)
(x) If I say that I’m sorry, will you -—~ me? (xt) Don’t - to call at the baker’s or we'll have no
bread for tea
(wi) If I misbehave at the club father will -— me
to go there again
10 (im—)
(é) It is — -— to push past people without saying
‘Excuse me.’
(ii) A judge is expected to be ~ -—— ‘
(iit) The road was -~ —— because of a fallen tree
(iv) An -— is one who never dies
(v) Th is ——=——— for anyone to run a mile in a
minute
(vi) An -— person is one who leads a wicked life (vii) Jim was too — ~ to wait for the postman to
come; he ran up the street to meet him
(vat) By distracting the driver’s attention you — -~——
the lives of everyone in the coach
(2x) The picture had Just one ——~~~~——-——— ; a chip
of paint had been knocked off it
(x) The well-water was ~——~+ because drainage from
the stable had run into it
(xt) An — —— remark is one that ought not to have
been made
(xt) Because of the heavy rain it is -——~ that the
fireworks display will take place tonight
11 (n—)
() That answer is —-~ ———~ ; do the sum again
(i) The writing was so ~ -~~ -~ that I couldn’t read it
(ut) Sand is ~ ~-~ in water
(v) Mr Meek is an -~ -—~ little man; he won’t
hurt you
(v) It is a serious ———~—~—— to punish the man for an
offence he didn’t commit
(ơi) Peter and Paul are ~-—-——~—~—— companions; you never see them apart
(viz) Because of Brian’s — —~—- to steer the car, it
ran into a tree
(viii) The compass was so —-~— -—~~~— that it pointed
east instead of north
(ix) No one would get that bird’s eggs, for its nest was
Trang 3312 {inter—) (yn eee conference is one between nations (i) During the — -— at the concert we went out to buy a drink
() Dad arranged an ——~~—~~~—~—— with my headmaster so that they could discuss my future
(iv) Police are waiting on the road to ——>—————~ the fleeing robbers
(v) Don’t -—— with that gun or it may go off
(ci) That boy wasn’t invited to the party; he is an (vii) Those specks on the TV screen are caused by
————————————~ from passing cars
(viii) Seamen know the position of the rocks by the
a flashes from the lighthouse
(2x) But for the =~~—~—~—~~~——~~ of a passer-by the dogs
would still be fighting
(x) Pickpockets -~ — with the crowd so that they are not noticed
(x2 Dad had to T———~~—~——— in the argument or the boys might have come to blows
(xii) The -—— changed the foreign language
into English for us 13 (mis—)
(i) If you —+ -—— while the visitors are here you
will be sent out of the room
(ii) Dad couldn’t finish the wall because he had
Boe the number of bricks he would require
(i) The coat was such a bad -— that the sleeves
completely covered my hands
64
(ro) We had the -— to pick the only wet week
in August for our holidays
(v) If you make a ——- in your sum, cross out the wrong figure neatly
(vi) The bandits turned the signpost round to -—- their pursuers (vit) Grandma will -——— her glasses; then she can’t see to read (viti) Drinks are not free; whoever told you they were, pase you
(ix) You -~ Dick, if you think it was his fault that the trouble started
(x) They - our books by standing plant-pots on
them
(xi) By an unfortunate =————~~— George’s name was spelt ‘Gorge’ on the programme
(x#) To ———————— anyone is to feel that you can’t rely
on him 14 (out—)
(i) We were glad to stay in the house, for it was snowing
(zt) The SRR of disease was caused by drinking
dirty water
(2) There was an =— —— of applause as the star ; appeared on the stage
(iv) I will just ——— the plan to you now, and give the details later
(v) Today’s weather will be wet, and the further ——————— 1s unsettled
(zi) We are going on a day’s — ——- to the seaside
(vit) Robin Hood was an ——-~~— ;
(viii) Father’s total -— on the new house was over
£6,000
Trang 34(ix) The total ~~ of the coalmines in a year was about 200 million tons
(x) The ship left London docks =—————— bound for Hamburg (xi) Tom was clever enough to - his captors and escape (xii) A diver’s —— -—— consists of a rubber suit, mask, air bottles, etc 15 (over—) («) The workers wear =——~—~~—— to keep the dirt off their clothes (ai) I wear an — -~ only when I go out of doors in the cold (iii) There are dark clouds ~ — so it is likely to rain (iv) The bath will - if you leave the tap running
(v) Joe leaned too far over the ship’s rail and fell (vi) Our train is - ; it should have arrived long
ago ;
(vii) As this is your first offence we'll -—— it, so you won’t be punished
(viit) Uncle has gone -~-— , to Australia,
(ix) Mary has won a prize, but by an -— her name has been left off the list
(x) It is not safe for one car to -—— another on such a narrow road
(xi) If a man works -—- he is entitled to extra pay
(xit) We were -— at the wonderful news
16 (per—)
(2) If you work hard on a hot day you ———~~~—— and your clothes become wet
(zz) Ladies put ~—— on themselves so that they smell pleasant
(zit) We saw the magician =—=———— a conjuring trick (iv) A sheet of stamps is — —-—-~ so that stamps
can easily be torn off it
(v) Anything that is ~ ———-~ is intended to last for a
long time, or for ever
(vt) Ask the headmaster to give you -~ - to leave school early today
(viz) Only a wicked person could — -~— such a horrible crime
(vii) If I have a talk with Janet Ï may -—-——~-—— her to
change her mind
Œx) PI wheel the baby along to the park in his
(x) Jane will -_-—— in twisting her hair though I keep
asking her not to
(xi) To ————-————~ someone is to keep on annoying or ill-treating him (xa) If problems ——— us we ask the teacher how to do them 17 (pre—) (2) The -— - is always printed at the beginning of a book () The job of a school ~~— is to help the staff to keep order
() Ï—————— brown bread to white
(2) The letters ‘pre’ are a ~ ~ which change
Trang 35(v) Things that happened before history was recorded
are called —=—~—~~~—~—— events
(vi) The day before the accident mother had a See that something unpleasant was soon to happen (vit) Brian’s teachers — —— that he will become a very successful man (viii) Before the big race some of the runners have a ——————————— warming-up run (ix) My -— as captain was Bob; I took over when he resigned
(x) Mary helped to -—-—— the meal by peeling the
potatoes and making the custard
(xi) Because of his -~— with the camp fire Tom didn’t see the bull
(xii) A -— action is one that you have
thought out beforehand
18 (pro—)
(i) Rockets are used to — — space ships through
space
(ii) Joan is making good -——— at school
(0) We use a—————~——~ to show films on the screen
(iv) That tall block of flats is a -~ — landmark
(v) I1 - that we should go on a camping holiday
next year
(vi) If you -— the animal he may bite you
(vit) A - is a word such as ‘it’ or ‘he’, used in place of a noun (viii) If you work well your employer may — ~— you to a better job (x) The tramp’s toes -—— out of the front of his broken shoe 68
(x) Nails that -~ out of the woodwork may catch
on your clothes and tear them
(xi) When you keep asking questions you -~— the
lesson
(xi) Knights wore armour to — — themselves from
enemy attack 19 (re—)
(2) I can always -— on John to do as he is told (#) Sheila -—— a story and we all listened carefully (a) When you — -——— the prisoner he will go straight home (tv) After the earthquake the villagers set to work to ——————— their houses (v) Don’t -—— the furniture; leave it the way it was (z2 na the messenger; I don’t want him to go after all (vi) We must — —~—- the fort that the enemy took from us yesterday (vit) If we -— our steps we may find the watch that Jill dropped (ix) I don’t still owe you the money, for | —- it yesterday
(x) Kindly -~- the picture in the exact place from which you took it down
(xi) If you take faulty goods back to the shop they
—————— your money
(xit) They won’t let you out of hospital until you ——— from your illness
20 (sub—)
(@) The ————— at which I did best in the exam was
Trang 36(ii) When the floods —— —- you will see that the fields are left covered with mud
(iit) The — -—- goes under the road from one side to the other (iv) A + =- stream is one that flows under- ground (z) Sailors can travel thousands of miles under the sea in gS se :
(ø Ä==—=——mmx—~ person is not fully aware of what
is going on around him
(viz) I shall — -— ~- 2s 6d to Mr Chalk’s wedding present
(viii) Immediately on leaving port the submarine will —m=—=———— -and will stay underwater until it reaches
its destination ;
(ix) People who are suspected of having stolen property
on them must —— -~— to being searched by the police
(x) John paid a -—-~ — — of as 6d to Mr Chalk’s wedding present
(xt) If you ~ - 3 from 5 you get 2 ; (804) —_ -—- trains travel to the outskirts of the city
21 (super—)
(7) When you shop at a -— — —~— you help yourself
to goods from the shelves
(0 A =—————————~—~ being 1s a ghost
Gin people believe that it is unlucky to
use the number 13
(iv) Only a - could move that huge rock
(v) That police -—— is the man in charge
of our local police station ; (vi) Joan has a-—-— — voice; we love to hear her sing
(cz) The cuts on your leg are only —=~~—~—~~~——— so you won't have to go to the hospital
(vitt) A woman comes to school to -~ -—-—— the child- ren at dinner times
(ix) My sister pulls out ~ ~ - hair from her
eyebrows with tweezers
(x) A sergeant is -— — in rank to a corporal
(xt) The task seemed impossible, but by a -~ -
effort the man managed to do it 22 (sur—)
(z) His Christian name 1s Tom and his ————~~—— Jones (zi) A feather floated on the =————~— of the pond (1) Sally was the only -~——— of the crash; all the
others were killed
(ø) The choir boy wears a white ~ -—— in church (v) The soldiers had to _-_- _— because they could
fight no more
(vi) We used all the apples we wanted and gave the
(vit) The - came to make measurements for his plans of the new estate
(viz) Only one passenger managed to —~— the acci-
dent to tell us what happened
(ix) If we — - the building the robbers will not
be able to get away in any direction
(x) Colin brought his pet monkey to school, with Soe results,
(xt) A city child moved to the country finds his new
See very strange
Trang 3723 (trans—)
(7) When the seedlings in the box are big enough we ——=———————~ them into the garden
(it) A football club will sometimes — -—— a player to another club
(iti) Mary was unable to run away because she was —————————— with terror
(iz) Lorries, trains, ships and planes are used to
—————-——~ goods and people from place to place
(v) A radio -~ -—— sends out signals which can
be picked up by those who have receiving sets
(vz) Glass is used in windows because it is — -—-—— (ơz) Can you ————~——~——— French into English?
(vit) This -~ — changes the electricity from
250 volts to 12 volts
(ix) We can now — ~ — radio messages to people out
1n space
(x) If anyone has lost too much blood he is given a blood
(xi) ‘If you please’ is a — -—- of the French ‘S’il vous plait.’
24 (un—)
(i) If you are —-— - you should see a doctor
(#) I am — -—- to run because I’ve broken my leg
(vi) That is an — -— butterfly; very few people have
seen one of that kind
(iv) It is —-— - to pick a quarrel with a bigger boy
(v) Joan hesitated at the crossroads, -—— of her way
(vi) It is — — that the moon is made of cheese (vii) The robbers suddenly sprang out of the bushes and
took the travellers =——————
72
(vit) As Jack was ——~—~——~~—_ he had to fight with his bare
fists
(tx) We had AB oee journey sitting on our luggage in the crowded corridor of the train
(x) An ———~-—~ is a lie
(xt) The view of the countryside is spoilt by —-—-~-——~
advertisement hoardings
(2) A crash is =~-—~~=~~—~_— when two fast cars meet on
that narrow bridge 25 (under—)
(2) I’m sorry that you have to -~-—— an operation
() The things that you wear next to your skin are called —-—-~~— :
(ii) The job of the — - is to take the actor’s part when he is unable to appear
(tv) The aircraft has to lower its —_. -—- _ before it can land on it
(ø) You Bins a word in the sentence because you _ Want it specially noticed
(vi) An — ~ ~~ action is one that is sly and de- ceitful (vit) TẾ you taÌk in an ~———~—_~—— the others will not hear
you
(7) There are floorboards ~-—~———~—._ this carpet (+) You can travel below the streets of London by the sa
railway
(x) When dressing you must put your ~-— ——_~ _
on first
(xt) People ~-~ —-~ Philip when they say he can’t run, for he usually wins his races
(«#) The dense — —-—~-~ _ at the foot of the trees makes travel through the forest almost impossible
Trang 3826 Use the following 12 prefixes, in the order in
which they are printed: be-, a-, con-, mis-, de-, dis-,
out-, re-, over-, pro-, un-, sur-
(@ H you -—-——~ your country’s secrets to an enemy you are a traitor
(ii) Little Janet held my hand because she was
of the dark
(at) To -—- £’s to shillings you multiply by 20 (2) Yow eee the word ‘something’ if you
say ‘somefink’
() It is quicker to slide down the banisters than to
aan by the stairs
(vi) As the bomb hit the bridge we saw it
in a cloud of smoke
(vit) Poor Bomo was an -~-—— ở with the other children
(viii) At this year’s sports we hope to that we lost last year
(ix) It is wise to give your cycle an setting out on a long tour
(x) We use a —-— -— for measuring angles
(xi) You don’t need any special training to do -
work
xii) An expert came to — -——— the damage to decide ) p 8
how much the repairs would cost
never allowed to mix
EXERCISE 25
Give one word for (the page numbers are those of A
SENTENCE DICTIONARY):
1 (2) a very frightening dream (p 225)
(6) a special kind of spear for catching whales (p 144)
(c) a being supposed to live for eve 5 (d) a land ruled by a king or meme ý
(e) a curiously shaped building in which hops are
dried (p 229)
(f} an exact copy (p 290)
(g) a barrier across a road (p 24) (A) a small bay (p 68)
(2) a stupid mistake (p 31)
(j) an unfriendly meeting (p 103)
(A) made of brass (p 35)
(J) an Eskimo canoe (p 175)
(m) a structure built to strengthen a wall (p 40) (7) a large saloon car (p 188)
(6) a very deep, steep-sided river valley (p 42) 2 (4) a disastrous end to something (p 45) (6) to go sideways (p 324) ° (c) starting again (p 292) (d) turned to stone (p 250) (e) the colour of a bruise (p 190) (f) a business agreement (p 64) (g) complete confusion (p 48) a a part of a machine (p 59)
2) concerning everyone or everything (p (j) a person who travels for siesnme ie ee (2) absolutely sure (p 61)
(2) going on all the time (p 64) (m) very great fear (p 372)
(m) short and rather impolite (p 74) (2) to knock lightly (p 367)
3 (2) something that is stated firmly (p 79)
(6) a liquid into which substances will dissolve
Trang 39(c) someone who represents a group of people at a conference (p 80)
(d) an insulting smile (p 334) (e) unfasten and remove (p 84)
(f) boil very gently (p 325)
(g) the line joining opposite corners of a rectangle (p
85)
(A) to get small and dried up (p 322) (i) to take no notice of (p 91) ¬
(j) to shine with a faint, trembling light (p 319) (Rk) anything that takes your mind off something (p 92) (J) calm and peaceful (p 314)
(m) to send in different directions (p 91) (x) to make terribly angry (p 163)
(e) a fight between two people {p 97)
(@) a liquid for rubbing on an injury (p 102)
(6) money that you have saved up (p 305)
(c) to change from liquid to vapour (p 107)
(d) gossip about someone’s wrong behaviour (p 307) (e) to put on show (p 109)
(f) to save things from a fire, shipwreck, etc (p 303)
(g) the look on a person’s face (p 110) (2) a man of the countryside (p 301) (¢) very beautiful indeed (p 110)
(j) foolishly wasteful (p 111)
(k) a machine that is like a human being (p 296)
(J) a pretended attack (p 115)
(m) to go round as a wheel does (p 294)
{n) the strong base on which a thing is built (p 124) (@) an exact copy (p 290) 5 (a) the number of times per second that something 76 happens (p 126) (8) to hold back (p 292)
(c) that which is yet to come (p 128) (d) to look hard for some time (p 130)
(e) to make up your mind (to do something) (p 291) (f) staring with hate or anger (p 133)
(g) to repair or make new (p 289)
(h) lost in thought (p 280)
(z) a place in which grain is stored (p 136) (j) to eat grass from a field as cows do (p 137)
(2) a season’s crop (p 144)
(/) to borrow something for money (p 149) (m) someone who foretells future events (p 270) (2) a person who tricks or deceives you (p 153)
(0) exactly alike in every way (p 155)
EXERCISE 26
Put the correct ro of the so words on the right, in columns under each of the 5 words on the left, e.g under ‘astronomy’ you will put: satellite, eclipse, orbit, etc., and under ‘occupations’: teacher, carpenter,
stationer, etc
1 Astronomy blacksmith, cradle, methylated spirit, cup- Metals
board, platinum, sputnik, eclipse, bronze,
Liquids Furniture paraffin, couch, stationer, fishmonger, cot, wardrobe, alcohol, uranium, meteor,
Occupations nickel, aluminium, water, solvent, settee,
chemist, plumber, dresser, brine, silver, orbit, star, syrup, stevedore, stool, doctor,
turpentine, teacher, lead, alloy, Saturn,
galaxy, copper, planet, oil, constellation,
table, carpenter, satellite, petrol, butcher,
Trang 402 Fruits tricycle, beige, olive, pineapple, pisto:, Colours spear, storm, taxi, monscon, grey, gale, Vehicles mulberry, yellow, barrow, pike, hail, Weapons catapult, anticyclone, caravan, squall,
Weather crimson, lightning, banana, purple, pear,
van, blackberry, cannon, gooseberry, typhoon, javelin, wagon, green, grape, mauve, pink, lorry, bow, cyclone, sword, rifle, thunder, coach, scarlet, indigo, currant, club, peach, bus, cart
3 Minerals Conservative, whistle, coal, contagious,
Sounds measles, expectant, influenza, moan, frolic- Illness some, asbestos, sizzle, election, infectious, Politics irritable, marble, stalagmite, poll, racket, Feelings feverish, fatigued, Labour, surgeon, lime- stone, Liberal, granite, scream, inocula-
tion, statesman, fearful, miserable, socialist,
screech, salt, frantic, party, vomit, yelp, emerald, wretched, diamond, shriek, parliament, dejected, convalescent, bawl,
sapphire, babble, injection, government,
cheerful
EXERCISE 27
Write down the word in italic letters, putting a mark over whichever syllable has the accent; the first one is done for you
(1) Dad has to go to visit his aged mother
Answer: aged
(2) The missionaries’ first convert was the chief’s wife
(3) The judge has to convict the prisoner if he is proved
guilty
(4) The dancer hoped to entrance the audience with her beauty
(5) Put the letter in an envelope and post it (6) ‘Thieves are known to frequent that dark lane (7) The mayor was present to present the prizes
(8) ‘The savages prostrate themselves before the idols
(9) The citizens handed in a protest to the mayor
(10) People who rebel against the government are punished (11) Engineers record the programme and broadcast it
another day
(12) I refuse to have your refuse in my dust-bin
(13) If you cannot come to the concert we will refund the money you paid for your ticket
(14) We resigned from the club last week, but now we
would like to rejoin it
(15) Scientists subject spacemen to various tests before
they are sent up by rockets
EXERCISE 28
Write out the words in the lists below WHICH SHOULD HAVE CAPITAL LETTERS (See that you give them capital letters!)
(1) april, arctic, sudden, scene, hebrew, jupiter, pleasure plough, miller, kettle, oslo, fiend, lisbon, enping,
daunted, november, classical, bulletin, cairo, Hard,
alps, peony, radiate, luxembourg, sceptre
(2) smuggler, hindu, stadium, italian, the hague, thermo-