WRITING 1 VB1 Bài giảng Writing 1 VB1 Thư Viện Tài Liệu Tổng Hợp Com WRITING 1 VB1

Course: writing Lecturer: Tran Vo Thanh Tung Material: Self- complied by the lecturer Duration: 11 weeks (45 periods) Classes: 10AV111, 10 AV112, 10AV113 Week 1: Introduction to sentence writing A Theory Distinguish sentences from clauses and phrases Phrase: a Definition: a phrase is a group of words that cannot make any sense by itself It does not contain a verb and its subject A phrase is used to tell more about the clause b Example: to school, by bus… c Kinds of phrase:  Noun phrase: a thick book, English class…  Adjective phrase: very difficult, really interesting…  Prepositional phrase: at home, in the garden…  Verb phrase: go to school, make mistakes…  Adverb phrase: very well, rather carefully…  Interjection: “what a pity!”, “oh my God!” Clause: a Definition: a clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate b Example: We major in English S predicate c Classification: There are two kinds of clauses: dependent clauses and independent clauses  Dependent clauses: cannot stand alone because they are incomplete thoughts  Independent clauses: can stand alone because they are complete thoughts  Example: After she finished high school, she began looking for a job Dependent cl independent cl Sentence: a Definition: a sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought A sentence begins with a capital letter, and ends with a period and must contain at least one clause b Example: Most of the students go to school by motorbike c Classification: Kinds of sentences Definitions Examples I sometimesSimple get up late sentence Compound sentence Complex sentence Compoundcomplex sentence A simple sentence is an independent clause which consists of a subject and a verb A compound sentence is a sentence containing two or more independent clauses joined together A complex sentence is a sentence containing one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses A compound-complex sentence is a combination of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses I sometimes get up late I usually get up early, but I sometimes get up late Because I got up early, I went to school on time If you can speak English well, you will have a good job, and you will get a good salary B Practice: Activity 1: Analyze these following sentences into phrases and clauses by underlining the groups of words that can be a clause or a phrase and writing Cl or P below them Ex: I put the book on the table Cl P I thank you with all my heart Among the blind, the one-eyed is the King In a low voice, he told us the tale of his cruel wrongs He refuses to answer the thorny questions I hope that he will come at a very early date Starvation is a great threat for people living in under-developed countries The coast of Vietnam winds in the shape of the letter S He came to borrow some money from you, but you were out, so he went away to a pawnshop When he comes, I’ll tell him what has happened in his absence 10 Even little girls dream of becoming astronauts 11 In spite of being at the peak of their fame, the Beatles decided to stop giving concerts 12 Taking off his cap, lowering his umbrella, and scraping his shoes on the doormat, he rang the doorbell Activity2: Expand these sentences as much as possible by adding more phrases or clauses Ex: I don’t know I don’t know if i can go to the post office to send this letter for him She is sitting… The three large, black, brown dogs barked I noticed the stain… There is an apple tree… We saw a beautiful woman… We are very curious… We went… The boy is hiding… He didn’t return… 10 They are wondering… 11 They missed the train… 12 I could not go to school… Week 2: Sentence Elements A: Theory There are main parts of sentences: subject, verb, object, complement Subject: the subject of a sentence tells us who and what the sentence is about It tells us who or what performs the action expressed in the predicate The subject is usually noun or noun equivalent "Man makes house; woman makes home" NOUN He is a teacher PRONOUN The rich should help the poor ADJECTIVE as NOUN Reading is my hobby GERUND To live means to struggle TO INFINITIVE Smoking too much is very harmful PHRASE What we saw surprised us NOUN CLAUSE Verbs: verbs usually follow the subject; it generally shows the action of the sentence except linking verb There are two kinds of verbs: a) Intransitive verbs: verbs that can make sense without object Ex: She usually gets up very late Her family lives in a beautiful ancient house b) Transitive verbs: verbs that require object Ex: She is making a cake C) Objects: There are two kinds a) Direct object: is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a transitive verb in the active voice A direct object answer the question what? Or whom? Ex: The man helped us (Whom did the man help?) The little boy is drawing a picture (What is the boy drawing?) b) Indirect object: is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb indirectly Indirect objects name the person to whom or for whom something is done Ex: The oil delivery man gives me the bill (To whom does the man give the bill?) Tom bought some sandwiches and milk for his wife and son (for whom did Tom buy … ?) Forms of Objects D.O I.O He likes oranges (N) I gave my nephew a I don’t like it.(PRONOUN) dictionary (N) We must obey the old.(ADJ as N) Did you buy her a present? She really wants to leave.(TO INF) He has stopped smoking.(GERUND) I don’t know how to this work.(PHRASE) I know that you have been wrong.(CLAUSE) (PRONOUN) Give who come first the tickets.(CLAUSE) D) Complements: there are two kinds a) Subjective complement: is a noun, pronoun or adjective that follows a linking verb and restates, renames or identifies the subject b) Objective complement: is a noun, verb, adjective or equivalents that follow the object and modify it Forms of Complements Subject complements Object complements Her father is a doctor They call them cowards.(N) This book is mine He makes me angry.(Adj) The boy looks tired She felt her heart beating My hobby is swimming wildly.(Pr.p) To live is to struggle He wants this work Knowledge is what he wants to get completed.(Past.p) He is out of work He ask me to stay.(to inf) We has seen towns destroyed by bombing.(phrase) I let him go out (bare inf) I saw the house afire(adv) Practice: Activity 1: Identifying the sentence parts in the following short story It was a Saturday morning in May When Mrs Edwards opened her curtains and looked out, she smiled and said, “It’s going to be a beautiful day.” She woke her small son up at eight-thirty and said to him,” Get up, Teddy We’re going to go to the zoo today Wash your hands and face, brush your teeth and eat your breakfast quickly We’re going to go to New York by train.” Teddy was six years old He was very happy now, because he liked going to the zoo very much, and he also liked going by train He said,” I dreamed about the zoo last night, Mommy.” His mother was in a hurry, but she stopped and smiled at her small son “You did, Teddy?” she said.” “And what did you in the zoo in your dream?” Teddy laughed and answered, “You know, Mommy! You were there in my dream too.” Activity 2: Write a short story about 10 sentences beginning with the given sentences; then, identify the parts in each sentence Get out of your car! One day, an elderly woman named Minnie walks out of a local supermarket Her hands are occupied by half a dozen bags filled with items… Week 3+4: Sentence patterns A: Theory Basing on the kinds of verbs, we can have these five basic sentence patterns Intransitive verbs: Pattern 1: S+V (complete intransitive verb) Pattern 2: S+ V+ SC (incomplete intransitive verb) Transitive verbs: Pattern 3: S+V+O Pattern 4: S+V+ iO+ dO/ S + Vt + dO + to/for + iO Pattern 5: S + V + O+ OC Pattern 1: S + Vi Ex: She is lying on the sofa Yesterday, I went home very late Pattern 3: S+Vt+O Ex: Mary is making a chocolate cake I watched a very interesting film on TV yesterday Some verbs can be used both as intransitive verbs and transitive verbs, but their meanings may change Ex: A little boy is running along the river bank My father is running a thriving grocery business My mother is cooking in the kitchen She is cooking the dinner Pattern 4: S + Vt + Oi + Od or S + Vt + Od + to/for + Oi S + Vt + Oi + Od Ex: I’ll send her a letter She made her daughter a cake S + Vt + Od + to/for + Oi I’ll send a letter to her She made the cake for her daughter The shorter object always precedes the longer one Ex: I’ll give you whatever I have I’ll give whatever I have to you (wrong) She left the message for every member of the family She left every member of the family the message (wrong) Common verbs that are used with preposition TO & FOR To: send, read, say, tell, lend, give, speak, sell, throw, wish, cause, pass, teach, offer, give, show, hand, bring, allot (phân công cho, giao cho), award, grand, owe, pay, render (trả lại, đáp lại), restore (trả lại)… Ex: I still owe money to my tailor She cannot refuse him anything or She cannot refuse anything to him I’d like to render thanks to you For: save, order, boil, build, make, buy, write, do, leave, cook, reach, choose, sing, fetch (tìm mang về),… The verbs: ask, save, envy, and strike must be used in the pattern : S+Vt+Oi+Od Ex: I asked him several questions I envy you your fine garden That will save a lot of troubles I struck the door a heavy blow In those examples, it is difficult for us to identify which one is I.O or D.O Pattern 2: S + Vi + SC Ex: She looks very tired The teacher is he (I want the teacher to be him.) Intransitive verbs in this pattern are linking verbs Linking verbs are called incomplete intransitive verbs These are most common verbs: Appear : She appears upset Be : He is a very good teacher Become : You have become lazier Come : His dream will soon come true Go : This milk has gone sour Fall : My sister has fallen sick Feel : I feel very tired after a long trip Get : The man got rich quickly Grow : She grows older Keep : He always keeps calm Look : The girl looks pale Prove : The new typist proves efficient Remain : The boy remains ill Run : Our supplies are running short Seem : Stars seem only dots Sound : Your explanation sounds reasonable Smell : The dinner smells good Taste : Lemons taste sour Turn : The man turned a traitor Pattern 5: S + Vt + O + O.C To infinitive Bare infinitive Present participle Past participle Noun Adjective S+ V + O + to inf Ex: He wants me to help him The teacher encourages us to to more exercises Verbs that are usually used in this pattern Cause, force, get, instruct, persuade, convince, tell, remind, urge, ask, want, like, wish, prefer, order, dare, warn, permit, lead, beg, challenge, promise, request, tempt, teach, advise… S+V+O + bare infinitive Ex: Did you see him go out? We felt the house slightly shake Verbs that are usually used in this pattern Verbs of sensation: perceive (nhận thấy), see, notice, smell, hear, feel, observe, mark, watch…it expresses an action that happened and finished Causative verbs: have, make, help, let, bade, know ( always in present perfect tense) Ex: I have never known him behave so badly before S+V+O + present participle Ex: I saw the kitten climbing up the tree He kept me waiting for two hours Verbs that are usually used in this pattern Verbs of sensation: expresses an action that is happening at the point of time the speaker says Other verbs: keep (bắt), catch, find (bắt gặp), get, set (làm cho), start (khiến phải), have (cho phép, làm cho), leave (bỏ lại), spend, waste,… Ex: I won’t have you going out late at night The story sets me thinking S+V+O + past participle Verbs that are usually used in this pattern Feel, find, hear, like, make, prefer, see, want, wish, get= have: nhờ Ex: I want my fish fried Have you ever seen a man hanged? I got my hair cut yesterday S+V+O + Noun Verbs that are usually used in this pattern Choose, crown (xưng vương), name, call, appoint, nominate (đề nghị, định, bổ nhiệm), designate (bổ nhiệm), elect, proclaim (công bố), nickname, make (phong, bổ nhiệm), christen (đặt tên thánh), honor… Ex: They call their dog “spot” People in the kingdom decided to crown him the King S+V+O + Adjective Believe, think, consider, acknowledge, find, … Ex: I think him honest I found the box empty We consider this test easy PRACTICE Practice 1: identifying the sentence patterns used in the following sentences I cannot tell when to telephone him I should like my hair cut short They challenged us to run a mile He shined his shoes You must show your son how to dance smoothly He does not know when to speak and when to remain silent The frost lasted for six weeks We envy you your good fortune She kept her husband waiting for hours 10.We are out of danger now 11.Do you notice anyone coming in? 12.I want your exercise finished at six o’clock 13.They elected him the chairman 14.The sun is shining 15.His brother is an engineer 16.That is what I want 17.He seems much younger than i 18.Take off your shirt 19.Do you think that she is coming? 20.The teacher explained the lesson to me 21.I cannot imagine why she left without saying good-bye 22.Please have the mail iron my clothes 23.They believe him innocent 24.When are you going to pay them the money you owe them? 25.Open your mouth wide Practice 2: Translate these following sentences into English using the verb patterns you have learnt Tôi tin anh người thật Nhìn xem Anh ta lái trực thăng Con có nhớ cho mèo đenđ không? Ông ta cố dạy cho cậu trai lái xe Anh ta giục tăng tốc trời mưa Cô muốn thịt bò cô ta nấu kỹ Tôi không dám xin tăng lương Anh đặt tên cho mèo Sally Từ hồi biết đến chưa 10.Ông nội định chọn Bill làm người thừa kế 11.Chúng thấy cô ta ngồi khóc 12.Anh có thấy lấy áo mưa không? 13.Bôä phim dở nhiều khán giả bắt đầu ngáp 14.Món súp bay mùi thơm phức 15.Làm ơn chuyển cho lọ muối 16.Cái áo dài Liên 17.Bà ta may áo sơ mi cho chồng bà ta 18.Tôi xe lửa rời ga Week 5: Compound sentence A Theory I The definition of compound sentences A compound sentence is a sentence consisting of two or more independent clauses properly joined together II Ways to coordinate clauses There are four ways to join the independent clauses With a coordinator With a conjunctive adverb With a semicolon With correlative conjunctions I enjoy tennis, but I hate golf I enjoy tennis; however, I hate golf I enjoy tennis; I hate golf Not only did he give that man a meal but he also offered the man a place to rest for the night Compound sentences with coordinators ( FANBOYS) for( reason) and(addition) nor(addition of negative point) but(contrast) or(choice) S1 + , coordinator + S2 Women live longer than men, for they take better care of their health Women follow more healthful diets, and they go to doctors more often He does not smoke, nor does he drink alcohol It is raining heavily, but she still goes to school Both men and women should limit the amount of fat in their diets, or they risk getting heart disease He has studied very hard, yet he failed in the exam She got up late, so she missed the train yet(contrast) so(logical consequence) 1.1 If the conjunction is AND or OR and the Subjects refer to the same thing or person, the construction is as followed: Joining simple sentences: S+P1+ and/or + P2( S: subject; P: predicate) Ex: She sat down She cried.==> She said down and cried She never complained She never criticized ==>She never complained or criticized Joining more than simple sentences: S+ P1, P2 and P3 & S+ P1, or P2, or P3 Ex: We ran out of the house, got into our car and drove off She didn’t yell, or scream, or shake 1.2 If the conjunction is BUT, SO, FOR, NOR, YET…, it is usual to repeat the subject Compound sentences with conjunctive adverbs A compound sentence can be formed as followed: S1+; conjunctive adverb, + S2 (S: sentence) conjunctive adverbs equivalent coordinators Besides, Furthermore, Moreover, Also And However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless But, Yet Otherwise Or Accordingly, Consequently, Hence, Therefore, Thus So Compound sentences with semi colons A compound sentence can be formed with a semi colon as followed: S1; S2 Note: The sentences must be close in meaning Ex: My elder brother studies law; my younger brother studies medicine (The two sentences mainly mention the fields of study) Paired conjunctions (correlative conjunctions) It is one of a pair of words separated from each other that serves as a conjunction connecting two words, phrases, or sentences These are the brief list of common correlative conjunctions: Both…….and : positive sentence Not only…… but also: negative- exclusion Either……….or: alternative Neither…… nor: emphatic- in addition to If the two subjects are joined by: 1) Both…and, the verb is always in plural form 2) Either…or & neither…nor, not only….but also, the subject that is closer to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural Note: When we join words, phrases or clauses, we should be aware of their parallelism We always make sure that the parts joined are in the same grammatical form Ex: By obeying the speed limit, we can save energy, lives and money N N N By obeying the speed limit, we can save energy, lives, and it costs us less (wrong) N N Cl B: Practice Practice 1: Combine the following pairs of sentences with suitable coordinators or adverbial conjunctions He enjoys watching a talk show She prefers watching a late movie He does not drink He does not smoke Our jeep plunged into the shallow river It plashed water The rain fell softly outside It was a relaxing day to stay indoors 5 The school bus stopped at the corner Children scattered like leaves in the wind The restaurant is closed Waiters have already stacked chairs on the tables for the night The blue whale is an endangered animal Its population has been reduced to near extinction by whaling I began to get sleepy during the long ride I opened all the windows and pinched myself The average American teenager spends thirty eight hours a week on school work The average Japanese teenager spends about sixty 10 The children enjoyed seeing the animals at the zoo The high point of their visit was the cotton candy and popcorn 11 Sandy sat quietly in the empty church It was better than any tranquilizer 12 My last vacation trip was very relaxing I gained five pounds 13 I want to stop smoking I not want to gain weight 14 Jim wants to buy his girl friend a ring He has begun saving ten dollars a week Practice 2: Match information in column A with that in B so as to create meaningful sentences A B Both Peter but we have enough money Not only we want to go neither true nor realistic Either Jack will have to work more hours and I are coming next year That story was not only wise but also really necessary to listen to your parents Students who well not only study hard either his career or his hobby In the end he had to choose both my laptop and my cell phone on holiday It is but also use their instincts if they not know the answer I would love to take or we will have to hire somebody new Practice 3: Combine the following sentences into one sentence, using paired conjunctions We could fly We could go by train She will have to study hard She will have to concentrate to well on the exam Jack is not here Tom is in another city The speaker will not confirm the story The speaker will not deny the story Pneumonia is a dangerous disease Small pox is a dangerous illness Fred loves traveling Jane wants to go around the world It might rain tomorrow It might snow tomorrow We can fix dinner for them here We can take them to a restaurant The library does not have the book I need The bookstore does not have the book I need, too 10.Coal is an irreplaceable natural resource Oil is an irreplaceable natural resource Practice 4: Rewrite the following sentences in parallel form 1 Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines and they can be used in some gas stations My new personal computer is fast and is a reliable one With credit cards, you can either pay your bill with one check, or you can stretch out your payments Many people carry not only credit cards but they also carry cash Many people want neither to pay off their balance monthly nor they like paying interest Not making any payment or to send in only minimum payments every month is poor money management Before the judge announced the sentence, he asked the murderer if he wanted either to speak to the victim’s family or to the jury My English conversation class is made up of Chinese, Spanish, and some are from America The students who well attend class, they their homework, and practice speaking in English 10.The teacher wanted to know which country we came from and our future goals 11.The language skills of the students in the evening classes are the same as the day classes 12.My home offers me a feeling of security, warm, and love 13 When I refused to help her, she became very angry and shouted at me 14 In my spare time, I enjoy taking care of my aquarium and to work on my stamp collection 15 I enjoy not only reading novels but also magazines 16 Oxygen is plentiful Both air contains oxygen and water 17 He wanted three things out of college: to learn a skill, to make good friends, and learning about life 18 Mr Nguyen kept his store clean, neat, and he made it conveniently arranged 19 Professor Ali rewarded his students for their hard work on the final project and going beyond the call of duty 20 Either you will begin to study now or risk failing the exam Week 6: Practice test PART I: ERROR CORRECTION Identify the mistakes in the following sentences and then correct them I’m looking forward to go to swim in the ocean I hear the back door to open and closing It’s important for every students to have a book Spain is one of the country I want to visit One should always try to be friendly to your neighbors One cannot know what he can until you try That book containing many different kind of story and article 8 There are many equipments in the research laboratory, but undergraduates are not allowed to use them Each states in that country have a different language 10 When I lost my passport, I had to apply for the another one PART II: SENTENCE BUILDING Using the given words together with your own ones to build sentences Much work/ no play/him/ tired The teacher/ help/ us/ do/ exercises His friend/ persuade/ him/ study chemistry Miss Brown/ not had/ radio/ repaired The exercise/need/ taken/ the library PART III: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewriting each of these sentences without changing its meaning The film was so interesting It was such My advice is: take train If i We must go or we will be late If Could you give me some information, please? I wonder The storm blew a lot of trees down last night A lot of trees Although he is intelligent, he doesn’t well at school In The garden is too small to play football The garden isn’t It’s impossible to cross the road because of the traffic The traffic makes it Apples are usually cheaper than oranges Apples are not 10.He could not afford to buy the car The car PART IV: PRÉCIS WRITING DIAMONDS CUT DIAMONS I was having dinner at a restaurant when Harry Steele came in Harry worked in a lawyer’s office years ago, but he is now working at a bank He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back Harry saw me He came and sat at the same table He has never borrowed money from me While he was eating, I asked him to lend me 2£ To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately “I have never borrowed any money from you,” Harry said, “so now you can pay for my dinner!” Rewrite this story in not more than 50 words, using the following questions Where was the writer having dinner? Did he see Harry Steele after a while or not? What does this man always borrows from his friends? Did Harry sit at the writer’s table, or did he sit somewhere else? How much did the writer ask Harry to lend him? Did he give the writer the money at once or not? What did he want the writer to do? Week 7: Practice test PART I: ERROR CORRECTION Identify the mistakes in the following sentences and then correct them Lee went to the beauty salon To have her nails done for the night party The rain fell softly outside it was a relaxing day to stay indoors When the last guests left our party, we were exhausted and happy The hurricane winds blowed several beach houses off their foundations Each of the marathon runners receive a special T-shirt Each boy and each girl need a pen and a piece of paper When I arrived at the theater, I remember that I had left the oven turned on at home A person who likes to criticize others often objects strongly when someone teases them One of the players on the women’s basketball team scored their thousandth point yesterday 10 The car was parked along the side of the road with a flat tire PART II: SENTENCE BUILDING Using the given words together with your own ones to build sentences We/ better put/ heavy clothes because it/ cold The instructor/ make/ us / repeat/ sentence several times We used/ play football when/ were/ the sixth form Pilots must know about/ weather/ they/ not take off Dick/ watch/ television/ he/ waiting/ dinner PART III: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite each of these sentences without changing its meaning We stayed in the hotel This is Although he was exhausted he managed to finish the London Marathon race Despite Someone is painting our house We They ought to mend the roof The roof They didn’t follow the map, so they got lost If It is worth trying to make her change her mind 7 10 There is During my time at University, I made a lot of friends While It’s very kind of you to help me Thank you I used to listen to the radio I don’t He doesn’t like his job, so he isn’t happy If PART IV: PRÉCIS WRITING Late in the afternoon, the boy put up their tent in the middle of a field As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire They were all hungry and the food smelt good After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the camp fire But some times later it began to rain The boys felt tired, so they put out the fire and crept into their tent Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting The tent was full of water They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field The stream wound its way across the field and then flew right under their tent Rewrite this story in not more than 50 words, using the following questions Where did the boys put up their tent? What did they cook? What did they after their meal? Did it begin to rain or not? Did they creep into their tent or not? Did the boys wake up in the middle of the night or not? Was the tent full of water or not? Did they rush outside or did they stay in their tent? Where did a stream form? Where did it flow? Week 8: Practice test PART I: ERROR CORRECTION Identify the mistakes in the following sentences and then correct them I love animals I’m not ready to take on the responsibility of a pet Mom was frying potatoes, the heat set off the smoke alarm Some young children are afraid of the water others can be taught to swim Helen bites her nails, she tries to keep her hands hidden I like to shop in my hometown because all the store owners know you Anyone who wants to join the car pool should leave their name with me I keep a dollar under the car seat for emergencies The instructor explained how to study at the end of her lecture for the final exam I would rather have you call me on the phone than sending me a letter 10 I stood for two hours in the hot sun in my heavy wool dress, long sleeved jacket, and shoes that were tight PART II: SENTENCE BUILDING Use the given words together with your own ones to build sentences He/ someone clean all/ windows/ this room Unless/ he/ study hard, he/ not be able/ pass/ final exam If/ farmer/ have/ enough machinery, he/ produce/ more food/ less labor He had/ reading/ paper since he/ get the train 10 They use fertilizers/ plants/ grow well PART III: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite each of these sentences without changing its meaning 11 No one in the group is younger than her She is 12 I must leave now, or I’ll miss the bus I will miss 13 I cannot see that fan It is 14 She is a slower and more careful driver than I am She drives 15 How old you think this house is? When you think 16 It’s the cheapest watch but it’s the nicest The watch is not only 17 He spoke so quickly that I couldn’t understand what he said He spoke too 18 Unless he phones immediately, he won’t get any information If 19 Have you got a cheaper carpet than this? Is this 20 He prefers golf to tennis He’d rather PART IV: PRÉCIS WRITING My friend Jones is not a very practical person Driving along a main road one dark night, he suddenly had a flat tire Even worse, he discovered that he did not have spare wheel in the back of his car Jones waved to passing cars and lorries, but not one of them stopped Half an hour passed, and he was almost in despair At last, he waved to a car just like his own To his surprise, the car actually stopped and a well-dressed young woman got out, Jones was terribly disappointed How could a person like this possibly help him? The lady, however, offered him her own spare wheel, but Jones had to explain that he had never changed a wheel in his life She set to work at once and fitted the wheel in a few minutes while Jones looked on in admiration Rewrite this story in not more than 50 words, using the following questions What sort of person is Jones? Did he have a flat tire one dark night or not? Did he have a spare wheel with him or not? For how long did he wave to passing cars? Who stopped in the end? What did she offer him? Was able to fit it or not? What did she do? What did Jones meanwhile? Week 9: Practice test PART I: ERROR CORRECTION Identify the mistakes in the following sentences and then correct them Economics, my major, are difficult Each of the employees are angry about the new contract I will answer the phone if it will ring He was not only sympathetic but also knew when to be considerate The day is dark, with cloudy sky and has a high humidity The mansion was constructed by a new company which the governor lives in The latest series of articles on innovation were praised by the readers Hurrying to class in my car, an accident happened Second, the fact that men are physically stronger than women 10 If anyone has a question, I’ll see them after class PART II: SENTENCE BUILDING Use the given words together with your own ones to build sentences 11 Not open/ door/ unless/ you/ be/ sure/ who/ visitor/ be 12 You/ have/ work/ harder/ or/ fail/ exam 13 They/ drive/ three hours/ before/ stop/ lunch/ roadside/ restaurant 14 Home assignment/ must/ hand in/ before/ end/ week 15 Another attempt/ climb/ highest mountain/ make/ next week PART III: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite each of these sentences without changing its meaning James spoke to his lawyer before signing the contract James didn’t He didn’t come to class, so he missed his lesson If They never made us anything we didn’t want to We After four years abroad, Mr Brown returned home as an excellent engineer After Mr Brown I walked to school in 20 minutes It took In spite of the heavy rain, my father went to work Although The cake was so hard that I couldn’t eat it It was If you water those flowers regularly, they will wither Unless He started investigating the case a week ago He has 10 A local mechanic repaired our car We PART IV: PRÉCIS WRITING It was very dark Two men were advancing slowly across the plain Snow was lying on the ground and a cold wind was blowing They noticed a light behind some trees and soon arrived at a house A poor old man immediately invited them into a clean room He seemed a strange fellow, but he spoke kindly and offered them milk and fresh fruit The men remained there until morning Then the man led them to the nearest village, but he didn’t accept any money for his help Rewrite this story in not more than 50 words, using the following questions Where were two men walking one cold, dark night? Where did they arrive at last? Who lived there? Did he ask them in, or did he tell them to go away? What did he give them after that? Did the men stay there all night or did they leave immediately? Where did the man take them next day? Week 10: Midterm test Week 11: Correct midterm test and free writing ... waiting for hours 10 .We are out of danger now 11 .Do you notice anyone coming in? 12 .I want your exercise finished at six o’clock 13 .They elected him the chairman 14 .The sun is shining 15 .His brother... chưa 10 .Ông nội định chọn Bill làm người thừa kế 11 .Chúng thấy cô ta ngồi khóc 12 .Anh có thấy lấy áo mưa không? 13 .Bôä phim dở nhiều khán giả bắt đầu ngáp 14 .Món súp bay mùi thơm phức 15 .Làm... brother is an engineer 16 .That is what I want 17 .He seems much younger than i 18 .Take off your shirt 19 .Do you think that she is coming? 20.The teacher explained the lesson to me 21. I cannot imagine