DESIGN a NEW COFFEE BERRIES PICKING MACHINE

HỘI NGHỊ KHCN TỒN QUỐC VỀ CƠ KHÍ - ĐỘNG LỰC NĂM 2017 Ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2017 Trường ĐH Bách Khoa – ĐHQG TP HCM DESIGN A NEW COFFEE BERRIES PICKING MACHINE Khanh Dien Le1, Khanh Tan Le2, Ngoc Huy Tran1 Thanh Son Le3, Huy Bich Nguyen4, Thanh Nam Nguyen3 HCM City University of Technology, Vietnam HCM City University of Technology Education, Vietnam Digital Control and System Engineering Laboratory, HCMUT, VNU-HCM, Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City Nong Lam University, Vietnam ABSTRACT: The quality of Vietnam coffee bean depends highly on the coffee berries picking process Traditionally, almost all coffee trees are planted in small, family coffee farms and households in Viet Nam There are two traditional methods of coffee berries picking The first one is the farmers use hand for picking then place coffee berries in the basket which is very low productivity The other is coffee berries have been removed by a picking machine to fall down onto the canvases that are laid on the earth in advance and they are collected by hand which would need more pieces of canvases This paper recommends of new model for coffee berries picking that could overcome some above inconvenience The designed machine is activated by using a 12 volts battery instead of by internal combustion as in almost all current machine of the same type The machine that is directed by a picker must be as light as possible so the picker could bear it The coffee berries are collected into the basket via a tube has been designed and manufactured The results shown that the machine contributes to increase the coffee picking productivity and to decrease the number of famers for picking The essential meaning of this new version of picking coffee berries machine is the saving of expenditure in buying canvases, spreading the canvases before the picking process and retrieving them after the harvest We hope that the realization of the researched machine in the near future will increase the quantity of coffee beans and the income of highlander farmers Keywords: coffee berries, coffee picking machine, canvases, coffee bean INTRODUCTION Coffee is one of some famous products in Vietnam central highland within more than 100 years ago Coffee normally might be used by two ways of tastes: traditional filtered grinded coffee beans and instant coffe The process of picking coffee berries is the most difficult one because almost all coffee farms are loped in the hills area in the central highland of Vietnam with small, near house coffee yards The application of big imported coffee berries picking machines is useless in Vietnamese highland Vietnamese farmers usually need a personal picking machine and currently, the farmer have to lay many canvases on the taper lateral hill land to gather coffee berries that drop from the picking machines [1- 2] Figure Traditional coffee berries picking and placed in the hamper [3] Trang 67 HỘI NGHỊ KHCN TỒN QUỐC VỀ CƠ KHÍ - ĐỘNG LỰC NĂM 2017 Ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2017 Trường ĐH Bách Khoa – ĐHQG TP HCM Generally, most coffee farms in Viet Nam are small, located near resident, houses and on the complicated taper terrain so that the current coffee berries picking machine might be applied with recognition but the ennui of canvases [4] The research has analyzed and ameliorated the current coffee berries picking machine to a new version that could convey the fluids of coffee berries from machine to the hamper that lies on the ground Figure Current coffee berries picking machine activated by combustion engine and coffee beans drop down onto the canvases We select DC 12v motor and domestic manufactured Globe Battery 12V, 20Ah as the the internal combustion engine is not selected because of its high price, big weight, unpleasant noise, harmful smoke and vibrations [5], [6] 2.2 Double spring picking spindle Figure Gathering by hands on canvases [3] The aim of this research is to design a new version of hand coffee berries picking integrated a tube to conduct picked coffee berries moving to a hamper of about 30 kg coffee berries that is lay near the picker The new design coffee berries picking machine helps to eliminate the ennui of laying canvases and increasing the production of the harvest INITIAL CONCEPTION 2.1 Analyze the current handed coffee berries picking machine Trang 68 The principal mechanism of the coffee berries picking The fixed spindle connects directly to the shaft of the motor via a coupling The other spindle is connected to the shaft gear by a flexible coupling could articulated by a stem that is directed by the picker With the articulated spindle, the machine could open to clamp the branch of coffee tree With the rotation of spindles, the springs could pick the coffee berried from its branch TRANSMISSION TORQUE IN THE DESIGNED PICKING COFFEE BERRIES MACHINE From the motor power of 120W, the rotating motion is divided into fixed and flexible shaft through a couple of spur gears with the ratio of Fixed spindle is directly received motion from motor, flexible spindle is transmitted via couple of spur gear and a flexible coupling Figure displays the transmission of the machine HỘI NGHỊ KHCN TỒN QUỐC VỀ CƠ KHÍ - ĐỘNG LỰC NĂM 2017 Ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2017 Trường ĐH Bách Khoa – ĐHQG TP HCM Figure Transmission of coffee berries picking Collector funnel end with round tube 40 at the end, Gear box and flexible coupling, DC 12V motor, Tube frame INTEGRATING ALL THE ACCESSORIES TO THE COFFEE BERRIES PICKING The collector funnel is also the flexible cover of the double spindle 3.1 Collector funnel 3.2 Tube frame of the machine Outside of the double spindles is a stainless steel funnel called collector funnel (tube frame 4), the collector funnel is composed of parts: a part fixed is also the frame of fixed spindle and the remainder is articulated is the frame of flexible spindle The fixed part of collector funnel is stable but the articulated part of collector funnel could be separated to the first to gather a branch of coffee tree that is controlled by hand via a simple mechanism mounted on the tube near the picker The double spring picking spindles, motor and funnel are mounted on the top of a tube frame (Figure 4) The tube frame is used also for the tube of conveyor of picked coffee berries that are transmitted to a hamper that is laid on the ground near the picker The length of the tube frame is selected to reach the highest coffee branches (about meters) The selected stainless steel SUS304 tube with the standard diameter of tube frame is 1 ½”= 38mm, length of 2m The up end of frame tube is connected to a horizontal elbow that pierced to the end of the funnel gatherer of the machine The Figure illustrates the low end of the tube of the picking coffee machine that is closed and leaned to the leather belt of the picker A curve tube is welded near to the end tube that is connected to a PVC tube that conducts the stream of coffee berries to the hamper that is laid on the ground Collector funnel receives picked coffee of the machine and transfers them to the tube frame through a round hole the bottom and the conveyor tube (4 in Figure 4) The flexible funnel part with a clearance allows opening the mouth for picking coffee fruit In the Figure 4, is the articulated mouth that receives coffee berries from the conic end of the collector funnel Trang 69 HỘI NGHỊ KHCN TOÀN QUỐC VỀ CƠ KHÍ - ĐỘNG LỰC NĂM 2017 Ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2017 Trường ĐH Bách Khoa – ĐHQG TP HCM Figure The diverting tube near the end of frame tube to redirect the stream of coffee to hamper Tube frame, Diverting tube, Stream of picked coffee berries, Spring collets, PVC flexible tube to the hamper The accessories to the picking coffee berries The whole picking machine is illustrated in Figure 6, we consider that the total height of the machine is 2430 mm on the hip of the picker man could reaches to the maximum of 3.5 meters, the highest coffee tree in central highland in Vietnam Figure The coffee berries picking machine conducts directly coffee berries to the basket Conclusion manufacture the machine, the quality of the coffee The designed coffee berries picking bean is no change because they need only the machine could save a lot of time for laying coffee seeds and after the picking process, the canvases and gather the coffee berries to the to coffee berries have to be rubbed by rubbing the hamper This machine could help the famers to machine to get the coffee seed save expenditure, time and manpower in harvesting section and decreases the loss of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT coffee berries The stream of coffee berries inside This research was supported by National Key the tube can be blistered by the impact each Laboratory of Digital Control and System others and to the tube but according to the Engineering (DCSELAB), HCMUT, VNU-HCM customers who recommended to design and Trang 70 HỘI NGHỊ KHCN TỒN QUỐC VỀ CƠ KHÍ - ĐỘNG LỰC NĂM 2017 Ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2017 Trường ĐH Bách Khoa – ĐHQG TP HCM REFERENCES: [1] Guidelines for the Prevention of Mould Formation in Coffee, International Coffee Organization, April 2006 [2] Noah Daniels, “Variations in Coffee Processing and Their Impact on Quality and Consistency”, MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2009 [3] https://www.google.com.vn/search?q=c%C3% A1ch +h%C3%A1i+cafe&biw=1185&bih=619&tbm=i sch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjjzqf 1m8HNAhWHNJQKHfc6C6oQ_AUIBygC#img rc=5TGCU69wblunSM%3A [4] OGUNLADE, Clement A.; AREMU, David O.;AKINYELE, Oluwaseun A and BABAJIDE, Nathaniel A., “Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of A Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Threshing Machine “, Ogunlade et al Int Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol 4, Issue 5( Version 2), May 2014, pp.56-64 [5] Fábio Lúcio Santos*, Daniel Marỗal de Queiroz, Francisco de Assis de Carvalho Pinto and Nerilson Terra Santos,”Analysis of the coffee harvesting process using an electromagnetic Shaker”DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i3.6782 [6] Joselyn Castillo, Kevin Ward, Brooke Willin, Advisor: Dr Cesar Levy, “Arabica Coffee Cherry Harvester Final Report “, December 2, 2015 [7] Kaloyanov N., M Zlateva, Tz Bojkov, A Gunev Joint operation of active solar systems and substations for district heating Proceedings of the XIX National Scientific Conference with International Participation FPEPM 2014, 14th – 17th September 2014, Sozopol, Bulgaria THIẾT KẾ VÀ CHẾ TẠO MÁY HÁI CÀ PHÊ TÓM TẮT: Chất lượng cà phê Việt Nam phụ thuộc chủ yếu vào phương thức hái trà phê Theo truyền thống từ xưa phần lớn cà phê trồng mảnh vườn nhỏ nông trại gia đình với hai phương pháp hái truyền thống hái trái tay bỏ vào gùi hay giỏ tre đeo sau lưng với suất thấp Cách thứ hai đại dùng máy lặt cho hạt rơi bạt trải sẵn mặt đất sau thu gom tay, phương pháp tốn nhiều công sức số lượng bạt phải lớn Bài báo đề nghị kiểu máy hái cà phê khắc phục nhược điểm hai phương pháp Máy thiết kế hoạt động nhờ bình accu 12 Volts thay động đốt hầu hết máy chủng loại máy cần phải nhẹ để người hái mang Trái cà phê hái được dẫn giỏ đặt đất nhờ đường ống thiết kế cho máy Kết cho thấy kiểu máy cho suất cao giảm nhiều nhân lực mùa thu hoạch cà phê Ý nghĩa yếu kiểu máy tiết kiệm chi phí, cơng sức lót thu bạt trước sau thu hoạch Thất thoát hạt giảm thiểu, thu hoạch vùng đất đồi Chúng hy vọng việc sử dụng kiểu máy hái cà phê tăng sản lượng thu hoạch người dân cao nguyên Từ khóa: hạt cà phê, bạt, máy thu hái cà phê Trang 71 ... moving to a hamper of about 30 kg coffee berries that is lay near the picker The new design coffee berries picking machine helps to eliminate the ennui of laying canvases and increasing the production... 1m8HNAhWHNJQKHfc6C6oQ_AUIBygC#img rc=5TGCU69wblunSM% 3A [4] OGUNLADE, Clement A. ; AREMU, David O.;AKINYELE, Oluwaseun A and BABAJIDE, Nathaniel A. , Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation... The designed coffee berries picking bean is no change because they need only the machine could save a lot of time for laying coffee seeds and after the picking process, the canvases and gather