Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07

Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07 Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07 Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07 Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07 Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07 Discovering the humanities 3rd by henry m sayre 2016 chapter 07

Discovering the Humanities THIRD EDITION CHAPTER The Renaissance: Florence, Rome, and Venice Discovering the Humanities, Third Edition Henry M Sayre Copyright © 2016, 2013, 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc or its affiliates All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives Discuss the influence of the Medici family on Florentine art and the development of humanist thought Describe how other Italian courts followed the lead of the humanist court in Florence Examine the impact of papal patronage on the art of the High Renaissance in Rome Learning Objectives Compare the social fabric and artistic style of Renaissance Venice to that of both Florence and Rome Outline the place of women in Renaissance Italy Florence, Italy Folco Quilici â Fratelli Alinari [Fig 7.1] The Renaissance Florence, Italy, was the center of a more than 150-year-long cultural revival in Europe that we have come to call the Renaissance • The word Renaissance comes from the Italian rinascita or "rebirth." • It indicates that the beliefs and values of the medieval world were transformed in Italy The Renaissance • The Middle Ages had been an age of faith, in which the salvation of the soul was an individual's chief preoccupation • The Renaissance was an age of intellectual exploration, in which the humanist strove to understand in ever more precise and scientific terms the nature of humanity and its relationship to the natural world The State as a Work of Art: Florence and the Medici • The 1401 competition for Florence's new Baptistery doors on the north side exemplified the Renaissance spirit in sculptural decoration • The baptistery was a building standing in front of the cathedral and used for the Christian rite of baptism Major Italian city-states during the Renaissance [Fig Map 7.1] The State as a Work of Art: Florence and the Medici • The competition was not merely about artistic talent, but also about civic pride and patriotism, and about appeasing an evidently wrathful God who had sent repeated outbreaks of the Plague Closer Look: Florence Baptistery competition reliefs Filippo Brunelleschi Sacrifice of Isaac, competition relief commissioned for the doors of the Baptistery 1401–02 Parcel-gilt bronze 21" × 17-1/2" Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence © Arte & Immagini srl/CORBIS [Fig 7.2] Titian La Bella (Woman in a Blue Dress) ca 1538 Oil on canvas, 39-3/8" × 30" Palazzo Pitti, Florence Alfredo Dagli Orti/Palazzo Pitti, Florence/The Art Archive [Fig 7.37] Women and Family Life • For most women the husband's role was one of active, public life, and the wife's was to manage domestic affairs • According to Castiglione's Book of the Courtier, the court lady must use her breeding and education to further the perfection of the home Laura Cereta and Lucretia Marinella: Renaissance Feminists • Several notable women strove for a level of education beyond the mere "knowledge of letters, music, painting" called for by Castiglione • Laura Cereta and Lucretia Marinella rebelled against male attitudes Veronica Franco: Literary Courtesan • Among the most remarkable Venetian courtesans was Veronica Franco (1546– 1591), who published two volumes of poetry: Terze rime (1575) and Homely Letters to Diverse People (1580) Veronica Franco: Literary Courtesan • Franco transformed the language of chivalric knighthood into the banter of the bedroom in a masterful use of double entendre, a figure of speech in which a phrase can be understood in either of two ways Music of the Venetian High Renaissance • Almost without exception, women of the literary accomplishment in the Renaissance were musically accomplished as well Madalena Casulana's Madrigals • Madalena Casulana was the first professional woman composer to see her own compositions in print • Casulana's known work consists almost entirely of madrigals (secular vocal compositions for three or more voices) Madalena Casulana's Madrigals • The madrigal is through-composed, meaning that each line of the text is set to new music • This allows for word painting, where the musical elements imitate the meaning of the text in mood or action Adrian Willaert's Innovations for Polyphonic Form • The figure most responsible for the popularity of the genre of the madrigal in sixteenth-century Venice was the Dutch musician Adrian Willaert (1490– 1562), choirmaster of Saint Mark's in Venice • Willaert's chief interest was polyphonic music such as the motet and madrigal Adrian Willaert's Innovations for Polyphonic Form • At Saint Mark's, he regularly used two choirs to create polychoral style in which choirs on either side of the church sang to and against each other, thus anticipating by over four centuries the effects of stereophonic music Adrian Willaert's Innovations for Polyphonic Form • Willaert also created the toccata, a virtuoso prelude for the organ designed to feature the range of both performer and instrument Continuity & Change • The architecture of Andrea Palladio set the standard for the country villa for wealthy Venetian families • The centralized plan of his masterpiece, the Villa Rotunda, recalls Leonardo's Vitruvian Man Continuity & Change • The central dome of the villa is modeled after the Pantheon • Palladio's villas in the vicinity of Venice constitute an important body of High Renaissance architecture that influenced architects in many countries and later centuries down to our day Document: Andrea Palladio from The Four Books of Architecture [1570] Video: Students on Site: Villa Rotunda Andrea Palladio Villa La Rotonda Begun 1560s © Cameraphoto Arte, Venice [Fig 7.38] Thomas Jefferson Monticello, Charlottesville, VA 1770–1784, 1796–1806 Courtesy of the Library of Congress [Fig 7.39] ... Discuss the influence of the Medici family on Florentine art and the development of humanist thought Describe how other Italian courts followed the lead of the humanist court in Florence Examine the. .. illustrating the New Testament  The second set of doors for the east side took another 27 years to complete • Each of the panels in the east doors depicts one or more events from the same story... Angels": Music for Church and State • A motet composed especially for the consecration of the Florence Cathedral was Nuper rosasum flores by French composer Guillaume Dufay • The cantus firmus—or