CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3COMPUTER SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE ISA

Computer Systems Organization-ISA Chapter – Chapter Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Fifth Edition, (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 0-13-148521-0 *Central Processing Unit The organization of a simple computer with one CPU and two I/O devices Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Fifth Edition, (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 0-13-148521-0 *CPU Organization The data path of a typical Von Neumann machine Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Fifth Edition, (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 0-13-148521-0 *Instruction Execution Steps Fetch next instruction from memory into instr register Change program counter to point to next instruction Determine type of instruction just fetched If instructions uses word in memory, determine where Fetch word, if needed, into CPU register Execute the instruction Go to step to begin executing following instruction Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, Fifth Edition, (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Inc All rights reserved 0-13-148521-0 *CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT • Introduction (giới thiệu) • General Register Organization (tổ chức ghi) • Stack Organization(tổ chức stack) • Instruction Formats(định dạng thị) • Addressing Modes(Các kiểu địa chỉ) • Data Transfer and Manipulation(Chuyển đổi điều khiển liệu) • Program Control(điều khiển chương trình) • Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) *MAJOR COMPONENTS OF CPU Storage Components: Registers, Flip-flops Execution (Processing) Components Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Arithmetic calculations, Logical computations, Shifts/Rotates Transfer Components: Bus Control Components: Control Unit Register File ALU Control Unit *GENERAL REGISTER ORGANIZATION Input Clock R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 Load (7 lines) SELA { 3x8 decoder MUX MUX A bus SELD OPR } SELB B bus ALU Output *OPERATION OF CONTROL UNIT The control unit directs the information flow through ALU by:  Selecting various Components in the system  Selecting the Function of ALU Example: R1