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Kenneth Rosenfield, MD, MHCDS, MSCAI, FACC, FAHA Section Head for Vascular Medicine and Intervention Mass General Hospital Boston, MA Special thanks to: Steven R Bailey, MD, FACC, FSCAI Editor, CCI Kenneth Rosenfield, MD, MHCDS Conflicts of Interest • • Consultant – Abbott Vascular – Access Vascular – Capture Vascular – Cardinal Health – Contego – CRUZAR Systems – Endospan – Eximo – InspireMD – MD Insider – Micell – Shockwave – Silk Road – Surmodics – Valcare Equity • – Access Vascular – CardioMEMs – Contego – Embolitech – Icon – Janacare – MD Insider – Micell – PQ Bypass • – Primacea – Shockwave – Vortex Research or Fellowship Support – Abbott Vascular – Atrium – Inari Medical – NIH – Lutonix-Bard Board Member – VIVA Physicians (Not For Profit 501(c) Organization) • www.vivapvd.com Writing a manuscript What it takes… • An idea or inspiration • Passion • Belief in your message • Skills • Writing • Organization • Time • Patience • Persistence • Assistance from colleagues • Mentorship • Emotional support Isner and Rosenfield Circulation 1993 Jeffrey Michael Isner, M.D 19472001 Manuscript Format - Options • Original Research • Review • Meta Analysis • Case Report • Images Preparation of a manuscript begins with the planning • Well planned project – Will inherently address most recommendations for preparing a manuscript • Background, methods and discussion – Consider “up front” and dedicate attention to how you will approach these Fundamental Characteristics of an Outstanding Manuscript • What does this teach the reader – Is it Novel? • Can this be replicated – Is it Accurate? • Is the manuscript well written – Correct Grammar Syntax – Length • Is it Relevant? – Will it impact my practice (research or clinical) • Composite of above produces “priority score” 10 What Constitutes “Novel”? • Being the first report • Presenting the largest study • Being definitive in an area of controversy • Extending and confirming prior findings • (Presenting “confirmatory” data is least) Does Manuscript Document Novelty • State that it is first – Perform a careful literature search – Be certain that it is not an adaptation transmuted from another area • State what is new – May involve new study or fresh results (differ from other) • Distinguish from prior studies Is It Accurate? • Methodology must be capable, validated, reproducible and precise • Methods – Study group characteristics – Power calculations – Was the Protocol followed • Confounding variables must be identified and hopefully eliminated • Process of validation/confirmation is important – Especially in genetics and biomarkers Critical Elements Provide Power Calculations • Explain in detail how sample size was calculated – Include data or assumptions upon which this was based – Include who performed this analysis and what software/program was employed Critical Elements Don’t Slice Data Too Thin • One comprehensive paper is much stronger than several smaller ones – Conversely, don’t be too broad – Beware the “LPU” least publishable unit • Especially relevant to sub studies of trials – Must make a strong argument for importance of reporting one subgroup alone Critical Elements Focus on the Discussion • Present all important results in 1st • • • • paragraph Provide a scholarly and complete review of existing literature Avoid repeating the results in discussion Avoid excessive length Insure that grammar and syntax are correct The Published Page is a Critical Resource to be Conserved • “I have only made this letter longer because I have not had the time to make it shorter.” – Baise Pascal 1657 • Consider the instructions to Authors regarding words and pages • Review and limit the number of References • Reference prior methods or data relevant to your manuscript 19 Critical Elements Create Good Figures/Legends • Figures and legends are often the most critical tool to convey information • Illustrations should clearly demonstrate the findings reported • Legends should clearly explain the figures • Findings should be clearly demonstrated on the illustration – Use arrows, highlights etc • Limit figures to those necessary – Indicate which figures are supplementary 21 Critical Elements Preparation • Select a title that conveys the work performed • Craft a descriptive running title • Consider the length of the author list – Indicate the work performed by each author – Review alone does not constitute authorship • Insure that abstract reflects the study Summary Publishing a Scientific Manuscript • Publishing a paper involves science and art • However, manuscript preparation matters • Prospectively plan to address issues and weaknesses • Consider the journal that is best aligned with your investigation • Thoughtful presentation of a well executed almost always results in acceptance 24 Be a Champion Do whatever it takes to get it done! We welcome you to join SCAI • Free membership for Interventional Fellows • Membership leads to Fellowship of SCAI (FSCAI) • Benefits – Subscription Journal CCI – Education – pragmatic and practical tools – Part of the “Interventional Community” – Leadership opportunities (this is a “grass roots” organization) • Attend the SCAI Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions…best meeting for interventional cardiologists