I. Comparison: 1. Comparative: ( so saùnh hôn ) a. short adj adv – er + than b. more + long adj adv + than 2. Superlative: ( so saùnh hôn nhaát) a. the + short adj adv – est b. the most + long adj adv 3. Positive: ( so saùnh baèng ) As + adj adv + as Notes: a. The + comparative + S V + the + comparative + S + V ( caøng ……. Caøng ) b. short adj adv – er + and + short adj adv – er ( caøng ngaøy caøng ) more and more + long adj adv Exercise: Choose the best answer: 1. Mike is 1.7 meters tall, but Harriet is 1.8 meters. A. Mike is taller than Harriet. B. Harriet is taller than Mike. C. Mike and Harriet are both tall. D. Mike is as tall as Harriet. 2. You and Luke are both better than . A. I B. me C. my D. mine
Trang 1Question 66: I can’t cook as well as my mother can
A four time much than B four times as much as
C four times much as D four time as many as
Question 26: , the less polluted the environment will be
A The more polluted landfills will be B The more landfills are there
C The less landfills are polluted D The fewer landfills we have CĐ 2012
After the new technique had been introduced, the factory introduced ……cars in 2014 as the yearbefore
A twice many as B as twice many C as many twice D twice as many
( THPT QG 2015)
Question 77: Some people often say that using cars is not as convenient than using motorbikes
A B C D (ĐH A1 2013)
Question 19: We all agree that she is student in our class
A the cleverest B a more clever C most clever D cleverest
ĐH D1 2013
Question 66: I have never used a more fascinating MP3 player than this one
A This is the most fascinating MP3 player I have ever used
B Like the other MP3 players, this one is fascinating to me
Trang 2C This MP3 player does not fascinate me much
D I am very fascinated by the MP3 player I am using CĐ 2012
Question 69: I think it is more enjoyable to play a sport than to watch it on TV
A In my view, playing a sport is as enjoyable as watching it on TV
B As far as I know, more people watch a sport on TV than they play it
C In my opinion, to play a sport is more enjoyable than to watch it on TV
D I think watching a sport on TV is more enjoyable than playing it
1 Comparative: ( so sánh hơn )
a short adj/ adv – er + than
b more + long adj/ adv + than
2 Superlative: ( so sánh hơn nhất)
a the + short adj/ adv – est
Trang 3b the most + long adj/ adv
3 Positive: ( so sánh bằng )
As + adj/ adv + as
Notes: a The + comparative + S - V + the + comparative + S + V ( càng …… Càng )
b short adj/ adv – er + and + short adj/ adv – er ( càng ngày càng )
more and more + long adj/ adv
Exercise: Choose the best answer:
1 Mike is 1.7 meters tall, but Harriet is 1.8 meters
A Mike is taller than Harriet B Harriet is taller than Mike
C Mike and Harriet are both tall D Mike is as tall as Harriet
2 You and Luke are both better than - A I B me C my D mine
3 Which part in this sentence is incorrect in English?She is (A) the rich (B) woman in (C) the (D) world.What is (A) the weather (B) like in (C) Ho Chi Minh city? – It is bader and bader (D)
A the most difficult B more and more difficult C more difficult than D the more
A The more difficult the lesson is, the more hard we try
B The more hard we try, the more difficult the lesson is
C The more difficult the lesson is, the harder we try
D The more difficult the lesson is and the harder we try
A No one is the best football player in this team B No one can play
C The best football player in this team is not Tom D Tom can play football as well
as others in his team
A Jane can’t cook better than her sister B Jane’s sister can cook better than her
C Jane’s sister can’t cook as good as her D Jane’s sister can’t cook as well as her
Trang 48 I didn’t spend as much money as -.
A the most influently B more influently than C more and more fluently D the morefluently
PART: 14 COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
(so sỏnh tớnh từ và trạng từ)
I COMPARATIVE :
1- Tớnh từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives )
Ex1: Today is hotter than yesterday.
Ex2: He runs faster than I do.
- So sánh hơn có thể đợc nhấn mạnh bằng cách cộng thêm ‘much’ hoặc ‘far’.
Ex3: Today is much hotter than yesterday.
S + V + ( much / far ) + Adj / Adv + er + than
- Hầu hết là tớnh từ cú một õm tiết hoặc tớnh từ dài cú hai õm tiết tận cựng là : “ y, er,
ow, ple, tle ”.Cấu trỳc sử dụng là:
Ex : - Happy > happier - Simple > simpler
- Gentle > gentler - Easy > Easier
- Clever > cleverer
Note: : + Đối với tớnh từ ngắn cú một phụ õm tận cựng (trừ w,x,z) và trước đú là một nguyờn õm, ta phải gấp đụi phụ õm cuối rồi thờm “ er ”
Ex: - big - bigger; - red - redder , - hot - hotter
- fat - fatter , - sad - sadder, - thin-thinner 2- Tớnh từ dài : ( long adjectives )
Trang 5Ex1 : The test A is more difficult than the test B Ex2 : He speaks English more fluently than I do
1 S + tobe ( is /am / are ) + more + Adj(dài) + than
2 S + V(thường) + more + Adv + than
Note: - So s¸nh kÐm h¬n:
Ex1: My TV is less beautiful than yours.
Ex2: He drives less carefully than I think.
II SUPERLATIVE :
1- Tính từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives )
Ex1: This is the cleanest room in the house
S + V + the + Adj / Adv + est + N
2- Tính từ dài ( long adjectives )
Ex2: First class is the most expensive way to travel
S + V + the + most + Adj / Adv + N
Note: - So s¸nh kÐm nhất:
Ex3: Those shoes are the least expensive of all.
Trang 6Một số adj / adv bất qui tắc:
- good/ well better the best
- far farther the farthest(vÒ kho¶ng
tuæi t¸c)
III- SO SÁNH BẰNG : (SIMILARITY)
Ex1: He is as tall as his father
Ex3: John sings as well as his sister
1 S + tobe ( is /am / are ) + as + Adj + as
2 S + V(thường) + as + Adv + as
Trang 7 Note: - Nếu là cõu phủ định, as thứ nhất cú thể thay bằng so.
Ex1: He is not so tall as his father
- Khi so sỏnh bằng danh từ, sử dụng cấu trỳc sau:
=> My house is the same height as his
S + V + the + same + N + as + N
IV DOUBLE COMPARISON:
1- So sỏnh kộp trong bản thõn một sự vật , hiện tượng : …… càng ngày càng ……
a- Tớnh từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives )
Ex1: The weather is getting hotter and hotter
S + V + adi + er + and + adj + erb- Tớnh từ dài ( long adjectives ) :
Ex2: She becomes more and more beautiful.
S + V + more and more + adj / adv
2- So sỏnh kộp liờn quan đến hai hay nhiều sự vật , hiện tượng : càng …càng …
* Với tính từ ngắn: The adj + er , the adj + er…
Ex1: The darker it gets, the colder it is.
* Với tính từ dài: The more adj , the more adj
Ex2: The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her husband is.
* Với động từ: the more , the more
Ex3: The more you learn, the more you forget.
Trang 8 Note: Nhiều khi hai vế không cùng một loại tính từ dài hay ngắn nhng có thể sử dụng lẫn lộn với nhau.( hoặc vế trớc tính từ, vế sau động từ hoặc ngợc lại )
Ex4: The more she smiles, the more graceful she is.
3 Càng ít , thì càng ít Càng kém , thì càng kém
* Với tính từ: The less + adj , the less + adj .
Ex5: The less difficult the lessons are, the less hard-working the students.
* Với động từ : the less , the less
Ex6: The less I live with him, the less I like him.
EXERCISE:
I Choose the best answer;
1 Sarah is at chemistry than Susan.
A good B well C better D best
2 I don’t work so hard my father.
3 Sam is the student in my class.
4 No one in my class is beautiful her.
5 He works we do.
6 I know him than you do.
7 Ann is 18 years old Sue is 20 years old Ann is Sue.
8 Tom drives than Jim does.
A carefully B more careful C careful D more carefully
9 The little boy spoke English his brother.
A more fast B fast than C the fastest D faster than
10 China is the country with the population.
Trang 9A larger B large C most large D largest
11.The economic conditions today are _ they were in the past.
A much more good B much better than C much better D the best than 12.The deep oceans contain some of the of all living creatures
A strangest B strange C as strange as D stranger
13.Mr Lam cannot earn _ his wife.
A as many money as B as much money as C as many money than D as much money than
14.My car is _ yours.
A more fast and economical than B more fast and more economical than
C faster and economical as D faster and more economical than
15 It’s becoming to find a job.
A more difficult and more B more and more difficult
C most and more difficult D more difficult than
16.His house is _ mine.
A larger and more comfortable than B the most large and comfortable than
C more large and comfortable than D the largest and more comfortable than 17.The younger you are, _ it is to learn.
A easier B you are easier C the easier D the easy
18. we finish the project, _ we can start the next one.
A The soonest / the sooner B The soonest / the most soon
C The sooner / the sooner D The soonest / the soonest
19.Mary is in our class.
A prettier B more pretty C most pretty D the prettiest
20. we jog, _ we are.
A the most / the healthiest B the most / the healthier
C the more / the most healthy D the more / the healthier
21.The winter is coming, it is getting _.
A more cold B the most cold C colder and colder D the more cold
Trang 101 It gets let’s go swimming.
A hot and hot B the more hot C more and more hot D hotter and hotter
2 The problem seems to be _.
A most serious B more serious than C more serious as D more and more serious
3 Prices get .
A high and high B highest and highest C more and more high D higher and higher
4 The more waste paper we recycle, _
A the more trees we preserve B the less trees we preserve
C the most trees we preserve D the least trees we preserve
II Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needscorrection
1 Peter plays the piano better I can
Trang 11Exercise 1
1 Peter is the student in my class.
a taller than b so tall as c the tallest d tallest
2 The deep oceans contain some of the of all living creatures.
a strangest b strange c as strange as d stranger
3 Jane is not her brother.
a more intelligent as b intelligent as c so intelligent as d so intelligent that
4 He drives as his father does.
a careful as b more carefully c the most careful d carefully as
5 What's the film you've ever seen?
6 Jane is age as Mary.
a as same b the most same c the same d more same
7 I'll be there I can.
Trang 12a sooner as b no sooner as c as soon as d soonest as
8 Hotels have developed restaurants.
a as rapidly as b so rapidly thatc as rapid as d as rapid than
9 Commercial centres are they were many years ago.
a as popular than b the most popular c more popular than d most popular than
10 Computer are considered as tools today
a much modern than b the most modern c modern as d more modern
11 A supermarket is a shopping centre.
c less convenient than d the most convenient as
12 Vietnam becomes to foreign tourists.
a most and most attractive b the more attractive
c much and ore attractive d more and more attractive
13 Can Tho is from Saigon than Bien Hoa is.
14 Bao Yen sings than this singer.
15 Of all the ball-point pens, which one do you like ?
16 The we start, the sooner we will be back.
a early b earliest c earlier d more early
17 The sooner, the
18 The harder this farmer works, he becomes.
a the poorest b the poorer c the more poor d poorer
19 My father is as yours.
Trang 1320 HCM city is than Hanoi.
a large b largest c more large d larger
Exercise 2
1 She is the daughter in the family.
a older b more old c eldest d oldest
2 She speaks English as as you.
a clear b clearly c clearness d very clear
3 HCM city is than Nha Trang
a more large b as large c not so large d larger
4 Your pencil is as mine.
a as sharp b not sharp c sharper d sharp
5 This car is than mine.
a less expensive b as expensive c more rich d not so expensive
6 The he is, the more miserable he gets.
a richer b more riches c more rich d none is correct
7 He is the student in this class.
a very intelligent b most intelligent c more intelligent d less intelligent
8 Despite its smaller size, the Indian Ocean the Atlantic Ocean.
a as deep as b is the same deep as c deeper as d is as deep as
9 Sharon from other women I know.
a different b as different c differs d more different
10 This one is prettier, but it costs as the one.
a as much as b twice as much c as many d twice as many
11 You can take books as you want.
Trang 14a as many b as much c so much d too many
12 Of the two sisters, Linda
a is beautiful b the most beautiful c is more beautiful d is so beautiful as
13 Tuition at an American university runs one thousand dollars a semester.
a so high as b as high to c as high as d as high than
14 I get to know her, the more I like her.
a For more b More c The more d The most
15 I would have paid for my car if the salesman had insisted, because I really wanted it.
a as much twice b much twice c twice as much d times two
16 The students do not always do well in tests.
a brighter b more bright c more brighter d brighter more
17 The noise in Rome is worse than in Florence.
a much b far c A and B are wrong d A and B are correct
18 tobacco was sold in 1983 as in 1982,
a Not as much b Not as many c Not much d Not many
19 He eats with chopsticks the Chinese.
20 Instead of slowing down, he drove
a more fastly b faster c more faster d faster more
Exercise 3
1 My new glasses cost me the last pair that I bought.
a times three b three times more than
c three times as much as d as much three times as
2 Although she is very popular, she is not her sister.
Trang 15a pretty as b as pretty c prettier than d more pretty than
3 We are going to Florida as son as taking our final exams.
a were finish b we'll finish c we'd finish d we finish
4 This new soap is not much the others that I have tried.
a different b different than c different from d different that
5 Ms Jones isn't as nice Ms Smith.
6 The rooms is Graduate Towers are Patterson Hall.
a larger than b larger than that of c larger than those in d larger than in
7 We'll be there as soon as we a babysitter for our son.
a will find b found c find d are finding
8 The final will be the midterm.
9 They are my other neighbors.
a more friendlier than b friendly than c friendlier as d more friendly than
10 The lab is from the bus stop than the library.
11 The accident in the history of the city occurred last night on the Freeway.
12 He finished the test of all.
a rapidly b the most rapidly c most rapidly d more rapidly
13 Many chemicals react in acid solutions.
a more quick b more quickly c quicklier d as quickly more
14 The younger you are it is to learn.
a easier b you are easier c the easier d the easy
15 It's becoming to find a job.
a more difficult and more b more and more difficult