Chương sau đây trình bày các kiến thức về xuất nhập trong C (Input and Output). Đây là tài liệu hữu ích cho những ai đang học Tin học đại cương khối tự nhiên. Tài liệu được viết bằng ngôn ngữ tiếng Anh. Mời các bạn cùng theo dõi.
Input & Output Nguyen Dung Faculty of IT - College of Science Functions I/O stdio.h Input: scanf gets getch getchar Output printf puts putch scanf printf gets puts … conio.h getch getchar putch … Output - printf List arguments int printf (const char *format [,argument,…]) string (plain text) Format string format specifier %[flags][width][.prec]type_char %[flags][width][.prec] type_char Code Out put d Integer number u Unsigned integer ld Long integer lu Unsigned long integer o Octal x, X Hexa f Real number: float, double E, e Real number: float, double G, g Real number: floar, double c Character: char s String: array char p Address Different??? %[flags][width][.prec] type_char int x = 5; float y = 10; printf(“x = %d, y = %f, z = %d”, x, y, x + y); x = 5, y = 10, z = 15 %[flags][width][.prec]type_char Flag Description - Align left + Display sign of number white space Display sign of negative number None Align right Width Description Precision Description n Minimum number of characters to be printed number The minimum number of digits to be written * Get from parameter * Get from parameter None Depend on number input None Depend on number input %[flags][width][.prec]type_char int x = -45; int y = 15; printf("x = %d\n",x); printf("y = %d\n",y); printf("y = %+d\n",y); printf("x = %5d\n",x); printf("x = %-5d\n",x); printf("y = %5d\n",y); x y y x x y = = = = = = -45 15 +15 -45 -45 15 %[flags][width][.prec]type_char int x = -145; float y = -10.13596; printf("x = %010d\n",x); printf("y = %7.2f\n",y); printf("y = %12.5f\n",y); printf("-y= %012.5f\n",-y); printf("y = %-3.3f\n",y); printf("y = %*.*f\n",8,3,y); x = -000000145 y = -10.14 y = -10.13596 -y= 000010.13596 y = -10.136 y = -10.136 Output – putch, puts int putch(int ch) int puts(const char *s) char ch=„a‟; putch(ch); putch(68); puts(“hello world!”); a D helloworld! _ In - scanf int scanf(const char *format [, address,…]); int x,y; printf(“Enter x,y: "); scanf("%d %d",&x,&y); printf("x = %d\ny = &d",x,y); Enter x, y: 10_4 x = 10 y = 4_ In - gets gets(char *s) Micheal Balack Name is: Micheal Balack char name[30]; gets(name); printf(“Name is: %s”,name); But Micheal Balack Name is: Micheal char name[30]; scanf(“%s”,name); printf(“Name: %s”,name); In – getch, getchar int getchar(void); int getch(void); Input a character: c Character is entered: c int ch; printf(“Input a character: ”); ch = getchar(); printf(“Character is entered: %c”,ch); Different: getchar – display the character entered getch – don‟t display Exercises Available: nguyendung622.wordpress.com Dealline: 19h before the learning day of next week Send to: nguyendung622@gmail.com The end ... %s”,name); But Micheal Balack Name is: Micheal char name[30]; scanf(“%s”,name); printf(“Name: %s”,name); In – getch, getchar int getchar(void); int getch(void); Input a character: c Character... integer o Octal x, X Hexa f Real number: float, double E, e Real number: float, double G, g Real number: floar, double c Character: char s String: array char p Address Different??? %[flags][width][.prec]... printf(“Input a character: ”); ch = getchar(); printf(“Character is entered: %c”,ch); Different: getchar – display the character entered getch – don‟t display Exercises Available: nguyendung622.wordpress.com