Developing Smarter with JavaServer TM Faces J avaServer Faces (JSF) is a user interface (UI) component framework for Java 2 Enter- prise Edition (J2EE) Web applications that, once adopted, allows organizations to migrate from old technologies, such as character-based platforms for virtual terminals (VTs), to more up-to-date standard-based platforms and technologies, such as JSF and Java. Over the past 15 years, the software industry has seen many technologies and platforms rise and fall. Usually, the use of a particular technology declines for several reasons, including fashion and competition. Another common reason for the fall of certain technologies is that if they are designed and maintained by one company, then the consumers of these technologies are forced to rely on support provided solely by the creators. Whenever a cre- ator decides to deprecate a technology in favor of a more advanced solution, the consumer is left with an outdated, unsupported platform. JSF allows organizations and consumers to leverage the latest technology as it emerges, with minimal impact on existing JSF appli- cations. JSF also brings extreme reuse of functionality and visual appearance to the software industry. Part 1 of this book will teach you what JSF is all about, describe how to leverage JSF by developing your own components, and open your eyes to a new horizon. PART 1 ■ ■ ■ 5807ch01.qxd 1/3/06 4:47 PM Page 1 5807ch01.qxd 1/3/06 4:47 PM Page 2 The Foundation of JSF: Components JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a user interface (UI) framework for Java Web applications. It is designed to significantly ease the burden of writing and maintaining applications that run on a Java application server and render their UIs back to a target client. —JavaServer Faces specification F or those of you who have not had a chance to get acquainted with JSF before reading this book, this chapter will give you a fast-paced introduction to its core functionality. If you are already familiar with JSF, you may still find some of the discussion of component and lifecycle architecture to be of interest, because these topics are fundamental to your understanding of the rest of this book. This chapter will cover application development, give an overview of JSF and how it relates to other similar frameworks, and provide an in-depth examination of the JSF architecture and its component model. By the end of this chapter, you should understand the JSF architecture, its building blocks, and its request lifecycle. Before jumping into the architecture of JSF, we’ll define the audience for JSF (and ulti- mately for this book). The JSF specification defines the types of developers who make up the core audience: page authors, application developers, component writers, tools providers, and JSF implementers, as shown in Table 1-1. Table 1-1. JSF Developer Types* Type Description Page author A page author is responsible for creating the UI and has knowledge about markup and scripting languages, as well as the rendering technology such as JavaServer Pages (JSP). According to the JSF specification, this developer type is generally not familiar with programming languages such as Java or Visual Basic. Application developer An application developer is, according to the JSF specification, in charge of the server-side functionality of an application that may or may not be related to the UI. The technical skills of an application developer generally include Java, Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs), or other server technologies. Continued 3 CHAPTER 1 ■ ■ ■ 5807ch01.qxd 1/3/06 4:47 PM Page 3 Table 1-1. Continued Type Description Component Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance By: Joe Tye It hardly seemed like a year had passed since Paul’s crisis with the bank, his meeting Rafe, and setting off on a whole new direction with the school Perhaps Rafe had been right about the relativity of time—the train was certainly moving faster these days Paul’s Chevy crunched across the gravel parking lot, then sputtered into silence after he turned off the ignition It was one year ago to the day that he had last walked up the hill before him, one year ago that he had met Rafe Looking at the Chevy’s odometer, which he had pushed well into six figures with his travels over the past year, Paul wondered if the old hulk would be up for another backward race through time The door creaked open against Paul’s shove and he climbed out His own creaking joints reminded him that he was holding up hardly any better than the car The park was deserted, just as it had been a year ago As he trudged up the hill, Paul could see that the impending sunset would, if anything, be more spectacular than the one into which he had jumped one year earlier ESPECIALLY OVER THE LONG TERM, YOU CAN DO MORE THAN YOU THINK YOU CAN DO DON’T CHEAT YOURSELF BY SETTLING FOR ANEMIC GOALS It had not been just a dream, of that Paul was sure At the crest of the hill he hesitated He had long pondered where he would go first—straight ahead to the edge of the cliff, or off to the right toward the spot where he and Rafe had first spoken Standing quietly with his hands clasped in front of him, Paul waited to see if he felt pulled in either direction As the sun touched the western horizon, he walked to the edge of the cliff So much had happened since he last stood on this spot They had gone ahead with the merger of his school and New Trails, and Paul had given up routine administrative responsibilities Phyllis had helped to secure a large donation to be used for developing the philosophies and practices Paul had pioneered at Shay’s Point into a package that 1/4 Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance could be implemented in other communities For the past six months he had been traveling almost nonstop selling the concept and helping people start it up The Miracle of the Leap, as Paul and Joan now called his experience with Rafe, had not eliminated stress and anxiety from his life Far from it—the demands of creating a national program were heavier than any he had ever known He most regretted that his travel schedule kept him from spending as much time as he wanted with his family But he had learned to overcome the doubt that before the Miracle of the Leap made his life so miserable Now when he did have time with his family, he never felt guilty for not being at work Having more clearly defined his personal mission helped him avoid spending time on things that weren’t really important And his new vision, in which someday troubled kids everywhere would have a place to go and someone who would be on their side in a world where everyone else seemed to be against them, crowded out the nagging voices that reminded him of everything else he wasn’t doing He had given himself permission to dream a big dream and then to work hard to make it come true Along the way he had been helped by many new and unexpected friends Although his frequent travel took him from his family more than he wished, the quest in which they all believed had also brought them closer together Paul took a step closer to the edge and looked down The sea was more turbulent than it had been a year ago, and the waves crashed over the rock upon which he had been broken A part of him was still down there— the part that had once thought he could make it on his own The part, he smiled to think, that had once looked down its long, arrogant nose at people who, he believed, had money but no meaning The sun was halfway set, sending a perfectly symmetrical spray of silver needles into a crimson sky Paul wanted to step back away from the edge, but was rooted in place, mesmerized by an inner voice daring him to fall forward, to put Rafe to the test It’s a beautiful evening for flying, it mocked, and a part of Paul longed for the exhilaration of free fall into a web of faith Defying the voice, Paul made an uneventful trip to Rafe’s meeting place From there he watched the sun take its final bow, knowing that he would never again see it rise from that spot Above, in just the place it had been a year ago, the prick of light that he called RafeStar began to emerge, and Paul’s thoughts went out to Jack O’Mara One of the first things he did after the Miracle of the Leap was to hire Jack as a custodian for the school But with Paul’s consent, six months later Phyllis fi red him for coming to school drunk for the third time Jack was not yet ready for his miracle Paul pulled a battered index card from his shirt pocket It held the notes he made right after his day with Rafe: 2/4 Commitment Is The Foundation Of ...The Zen of Blogging Hunter Nuttall © 2008 Hunter Nuttall . com 1 What is the Sound of One Hand Clapping? If you're into Zen and you're into blogging, read and share this ebook. If you're into Zen but you're not into blogging, share this ebook. If you're not into Zen but you're into blogging, read this ebook. If you're not into Zen and you're not into blogging, read it twice. © 2008 Hunter Nuttall . com 2 Table of Contents The Zen of Blogging 1 What is the Sound of One Hand Clapping? 2 Table of Contents 3 Up the Mountain 4 Day 1: Getting Started 6 Day 2: Choosing a Niche 7 Day 3: Domain Names 8 Day 4: Blogging Platforms 9 Day 5: Themes 10 Day 6: Plugins 11 Day 7: Blogging Voices 12 Day 8: Posting Frequency 13 Day 9: Post Length 14 Day 10: Images 15 Day 11: Monetization 16 Day 12: Comment Management 17 Day 13: Guest Posting 18 Day 14: Social Media 19 The Last Day 20 Down the Mountain 22 Acknowledgements 23 About the Author 23 © 2008 Hunter Nuttall . com 3 Up the Mountain They say that when the student is ready, the master will appear. One day I felt ready, and I began the long climb to the top of Mount Blogmore. Was the legend true? Did the old man really exist? No one knew for sure, but we knew that every aspiring blogger had felt compelled to seek him out when their time had come. We also knew they were never seen again. And so I climbed Mount Blogmore, with a strange force pulling me to the summit even though my knees quivered with fear. It wasn't my choice, it was my destiny. I had to know if I had it in me. I had to know if my inner blogger was ready to be awakened. As I got closer, I was greeted with heavy snow and bitter cold winds. I was stopped in my tracks several times, unable to breath the freezing air. I pressed forward but didn't know if my body could take it. The old man, if he was real, sure didn't make it easy to be found. But when I reached the top, everything changed. The snow melted away in a brilliant flash of sunlight. The clean mountain air was filled with the sounds of chirping birds and a babbling brook. My aching joints and muscles felt the pain slip away. But wait—was this real? While my mind was here, did my body lie motionless on the side of the mountain? Was I in heaven? No, this was real. I still had my wits about me, and I knew I had not left the earthly plane. But this was a very special place. I felt a strange sense of euphoria spreading through my body. And somehow I was not surprised when I turned around to see the old man standing before me. He pulled down the hood of his robe to reveal himself. He was easily a hundred years old, yet seemed to have astounding physical strength and mental clarity. He had a long white beard, and a solemn look on his face. I tried my best to stammer out an introduction. "I I " "Yes, I know who you are, fool," said the old man. "You came here because you want to be a great blogger. I can help you. I can reveal all the secrets of blogging. I can teach you to write posts that pierce the souls of the toughest warriors, or make angels drown in tears. Yours can be the blog that launched a thousand ships, all full of people dying to subscribe." The old man paced back and forth, touching his bearded chin. "And yet," he said, "I sense great doubt within you. You're not sure if you can really do it. You're not even sure if you really want to. This will not Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, pages 400–407, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007. c 2007 Association for Computational Linguistics Is the End of Supervised Parsing in Sight? Rens Bod School of Computer Science University of St Andrews, ILLC, University of Amsterdam rb@cs.st-and.ac.uk Abstract How far can we get with unsupervised parsing if we make our training corpus several orders of magnitude larger than has hitherto be attempted? We present a new algorithm for unsupervised parsing using an all-subtrees model, termed U-DOP*, which parses directly with packed forests of all binary trees. We train both on Penn’s WSJ data and on the (much larger) NANC corpus, showing that U-DOP* outperforms a treebank-PCFG on the standard WSJ test set. While U-DOP* performs worse than state-of-the-art supervised parsers on hand- annotated sentences, we show that the model outperforms supervised parsers when evaluated as a language model in syntax-based machine translation on Europarl. We argue that supervised parsers miss the fluidity between constituents and non-constituents and that in the field of syntax-based language modeling the end of supervised parsing has come in sight. 1 Introduction A major challenge in natural language parsing is the unsupervised induction of syntactic structure. While most parsing methods are currently supervised or semi-supervised (McClosky et al. 2006; Henderson 2004; Steedman et al. 2003), they depend on hand-annotated data which are difficult to come by and which exist only for a few languages. Unsupervised parsing methods are becoming increasingly important since they operate with raw, unlabeled data of which unlimited quantities are available. There has been a resurgence of interest in unsupervised parsing during the last few years. Where van Zaanen (2000) and Clark (2001) induced unlabeled phrase structure for small domains like the ATIS, obtaining around 40% unlabeled f-score, Klein and Manning (2002) report 71.1% f-score on Penn WSJ part-of-speech strings ≤ 10 words (WSJ10) using a constituent- context model called CCM. Klein and Manning (2004) further show that a hybrid approach which combines constituency and dependency models, yields 77.6% f-score on WSJ10. While Klein and Manning’s approach may be described as an “all-substrings” approach to unsupervised parsing, an even richer model consists of an “all-subtrees” approach to unsupervised parsing, called U-DOP (Bod 2006). U-DOP initially assigns all unlabeled binary trees to a training set, efficiently stored in a packed forest, and next trains subtrees thereof on a held- out corpus, either by taking their relative frequencies, or by iteratively training the subtree parameters using the EM algorithm (referred to as “UML-DOP”). The main advantage of an all- subtrees approach seems to be the direct inclusion of discontiguous context that is not captured by (linear) substrings. Discontiguous context is important not only for learning structural dependencies but What is the price of a mousetrap? The assessment of value from cloud services. By Ernie Zibert Copyright 2012 Ernie Zibert Smashwords Edition Smashwords Edition, License Notes Thank you for downloading this free ebook. Although this is a free book, it remains the copyrighted property of the author, and may not be reproduced, copied and distributed for commercial or non- commercial purposes. If you enjoyed this book, please encourage your friends to download their own copy at Smashwords.com, where they can also discover other works by this author. Thank you for your support. Discover other titles by Ernie Zibert at Smashwords.com. Table of Contents Value from your Cloud provider? The price of a Mousetrap If it were only as simple as a mousetrap IT Infrastructure is a tumour of the modern corporation Conclusion In this ebook, I discuss one functional transformation that has taken placed as a result of cloud services, namely; the impact on the assessment of value. This is a timely discourse as the vast majority of customers are using cloud services. In fact, numerous recent surveys confirm that more than 80% of customers are using cloud services (http://www.wired.com/cloudline/2012/03/cloud-here- to-stay/, http://venturebeat.com/2012/05/10/cloud-services-data/). Moreover, several surveys have replicated the finding that four out of every five customers believe that cloud services met their flexible infrastructure needs. The bottom line is cloud services are here to stay and customers must be able to articulate the value of their cloud investment. How do you know if you are getting value from your cloud services provider? In the traditional model, most customers would simply compare their existing IT costs against their cloud services costs. This is best seen as a ‘generation one’ performance measure. This measure is no longer suitable for the assessment of value from cloud services. It is akin to undertaking a Return on Investment (ROI) without taking into consideration the time value of money, or where applicable, foreign currency exposure. The title of this ebook hints at the error in this traditional performance measure. Why would you want to know the price of a mousetrap? Customers no longer need to know the price of servers, software and the rest of the parts making up the IT service stack. This knowledge is as useful as knowing the price of a mousetrap. Customers, however, must know the price of the equivalent services from other cloud providers. This is the crucial performance measure. It is only this performance measure that constitutes a true apples- to-apples comparison for the assessment of cloud service value. In addition, the traditional performance measure is not relevant because it doesn’t factor in agility/flexibility. Attempts to incorporate this into the traditional performance measure are absurd. It is pure guesswork to forecast IT demand over a multi-year period and translate that back to IT costs. How many and what types of servers are needed, together with all the other pieces, to manage current demand, new projects, forecasted growth, end-of-life IT services, mobility moves, etc? Who Virut gamma-herpes gây ung th (Gamma Herpes is the cause of cancer) M. A. Epstein (Biên dịch theo bài giảng mở đầu hội thảo quốc tế về bệnh ung th vòm mũi họng, tổ chức tại Hồng Kông tháng 2/2003). Phan Thị Phi Phi Giới thiệu về GS M. A Epstein: Giáo s Anthony Epstein giảng dạy Y học ở Trờng Đại học Y Cambridge và Trờng Đại học Y của Bệnh viện Middlesex ở Luân đôn. Sau nghĩa vụ quân sự, Ông về lại Bệnh viện Middlesexx và đợc đào tạo về mô bệnh học tại Viện Bland Sutton. ở đây Ông trở thành ngời đi đầu xây dựng chuyên ngành của mình thành một khoa học thực nghiệm. Một thời gian đợc làm việc bên cạnh GS George Palade ở Viện Rockefeller tại New York về kỹ thuật kính hiển vi điện tử là kỹ thuật chủ chốt đã giúp Ông thực hiện nghề nghiệp nghiên cứu y học của mình. Vào năm 1961 Anthony Epstein gặp Denis Burkitt và bắt đầu một loạt các nghiên cứu về u limphô Burkitt và 3 năm sau đó đã có các thành tựu tột đỉnh về tế bào dòng do EBV tạo ra, phát hiện nhờ vào kính hiển vi điện tử. Phát hiện đầu tiên này đã mở ra một lĩnh vực nghiên cứu về virut học và ung th ở ngời. Bắt đầu làm việc ở Bệnh viện Middlesexx và từ 1968-1985 ở trờng Đại học Tổng hợp Bristol với cơng vị Chủ nhiệm Bộ môn Mô bệnh học. Anthony Epstein đã dẫn đầu trong việc phát triển lĩnh vực nghiên cứu này thông qua các công trình của cá nhân mình và qua các công trình hợp tác nghiên cứu với Werner và Gertrude Henle ở Philadelphia và George và Eva Klein ở Stockholm. Các cố gắng của các tác giả này trong vài thập kỷ đ xác nhận vai trò gây ung th ở ngời của EBV, có vai trò gắn với nguyên nhân gây ra nhiều bệnh lý ác tính, trong đó ung th vòm mũi họng đợc xem là quan trọng nhất đối với sức khoẻ con ngời. Anthony Epstein đã đợc nhiều giải thởng y hoc: Giải Quốc tế Gairdner (Canada, 1988), giải Paul Ehrlich và Ludwig Darmstaedter (Đức, 1973), Giải thởng của Bristol Myers trong nghiên cứu ung th (USA, 1982), giải Grifuel (Pháp, 1980) Mề đay Royal (Hội Royal ở Luân Đôn, 1992) và đợc ban Tớc Hiệp sĩ của Hoàng hậu Anh năm 1991. Nhập đề: Nhận thức và sự chấp nhận về vai trò gây ung th của một vài gia đình virut khác nhau đã phát triển rất nhiều trong 40 năm qua và ít nhất là trong vòng các thập kỷ vừa qua. Đáng ngạc nhên là vai trò gây ung th của nhóm virut -herpes. Mặc dù đa số các chứng cứ đều liên quan đến virut herpes gây ung th ở súc vật nhng cũng đã cho ta các hiểu biết quan trọng về các mối tơng tác của virut -herpes với ung th của ngời. Tất cả các thành viên của gia đình virut - herpes lan truyền ngang và gây nhiễm túc chủ ở tuổi rất bé và thờng là không triệu chứng. Do vậy về sau chúng gây nhiễm tiềm ẩn kéo dài cả đời ngời trong tế bào limphô và trong một số trờng hợp cả các tế bào khác nữa, có khả năng gây tăng sinh các tế bào nhiễm virut tiềm tàng trong điều kiện in vivo, tạo ra các nguy cơ gây ung th qua các virut oncogen hay qua các cơ chế khác. EBV là virut đầu tiên và đôi khi là virut độc nhất đã biết đại diện cho gia đình virut này trớc khi nó liên kết với nhóm virut herpes hớng tế bào limphô B của loài khỉ của thế giới cũ (Old world monkeys- khỉ ở các châu á, Âu, Phi) và của loài linh trởng (apes) và với các virut herpes có liên quan ít với tế bào limphô T của loài khỉ thế giới Mới (New world monkeys- khỉ ở châu Mỹ, có đuôi dài). Về sau này nhiều tác giả đã chứng minh rằng các virut herpes ở chuột nhắt giống với EBV về di truyền, có thể gây ung th và chỉ sau đó ít năm đã chứng 103 minh đó là virut herpes gây bệnh Kaposi sarcoma ở ngời (KSHV hay đôi khi đợc gọi là HHV-8) và đã bổ sung thêm virut gây ung th ở ngời ... Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance Caring is the root of courage Courage is the fuel of commitment Commitment is the foundation of perseverance Perseverance is the agent of change Tonight Paul... wondering whether they had gotten close enough to catch it Never Fear, Never Quit Paul gathered up his courage to continue 3/4 Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance He told the whole story.. .Commitment Is The Foundation Of Perseverance could be implemented in other communities For the past six months he had been traveling almost nonstop selling the concept and helping