Ignore the nattering nabobs of negativity tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luận văn, luận án, đồ án, bài tập lớn về tất cả...
Ignore the nattering nabobs of negativity Ignore the nattering nabobs of negativity Bởi: Joe Tye “Ignore the ones who say it’s too late to start over Disregard those who say you’ll never amount to anything Turn a deaf ear to those who say you aren’t smart enough, fast enough, tall enough, or big enough – ignore them.” Max Lucado: He Still Moves Stones Ex-Vice President Spiro Agnew’s enduring contribution to the English language was the phrase “nattering nabobs of negativity.” After your world has turned upside down, and you begin taking action to move in new directions, you will meet these people in abundance Some of them are well-meaning friends and relatives who think they are protecting you from the consequences of risk-taking Others are not so well-meaning, including those who fear that your success will illuminate their failures Mark Twain said that great people will help you see your own potential for greatness, while small people will everything they can to keep you small Nurture your relationships with the former; ignore, disregard, and turn a deaf ear to the latter Better yet – show them that you can whatever it is they say you cannot 1/1 DECLARATIONTitle: A STUDY ON THE STRUCTURAL FEATUES OF ENGLISH NEWS STORY(Graduation Paper submitted in Partial Fulfillment for B.A Degree in English)I certify that no part of the above report has been copied or reproduced by me from any other person’s work without acknowledgement and that the report is originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor.Date submitted: May, 13th 2008Student SupervisorTrinh Thi Ha Nguyen Thi Van DongTrinh Thi Ha – K11C 1 Acknowledgements There was the times I was so happy that moving to tears as I realized that people who are next to me, and who are remote to me also, though they are still in my mind, always bring the happiness to me for what they have done to me says they love me. I am in debt to this life where I receive the hug loves.First of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my parents who have been hardly supporting me. They are always beside and motivate me in my study and my life.I wish to acknowledge my gratitude to my supervisor, Mrs. Nguyen Thi Van Dong, Ph.D for her valuable and detailed comments, valuable suggestions, enthusiasm, guidance, introductions and also materials throughout this study. And my heart is also to the teachers at the faculty of English and Modern Languages for their kindness and willingness during the time I carried out this task.Beside, my dear friends provide me with encouragement, support and inspirations especially when I got in trouble. It is my debt of gratitude.Moreover, the shortcomings in this study are unavoidable. Therefore, I hope to receive the sympathy from teachers and friends.Last but not least, I would be grateful to any remarks from the readers!Thank you!Ha Noi, May 2008Trinh Thi HaTrinh Thi Ha – K11C 2 TABLE OF CONTENTSAcknowledgementsTable of contentsPART A: INTRODUCTION1. Aims of the study 12. Scope of the study .23. Methods of the study 34. Design of the study 3PART B: DEVELOPMENTCHARPTER I: THEORIES OF THE STUDY 51.1 News story and its functions 51.2 Types of news story .81.2.1 Political news story .91.2.2 Economic news story 101.2.3 Socio- cultural news story .11CHAPTER II: ANALASIS OF THE STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH NEWS STORY 132.1 Structure of paragraph 132.1.1 Headline in English news story 142.1.2 Topic sentence in English news story 182.1.2.1 Form features of the topic sentence 19Trinh Thi Ha – K11C 3 2.1.2.2 Content features of the topic sentence 222.1.3 Structure of news story’s body .252.1.4 Sub-title in English news story .29CHARPTER III: SOME DIFFICULTIES AND REQUIRED SUGGESTIONS IN TRANSLATING NEWS STOR 333.1 Some difficulties in translating news story .333.1.1 Cultural difficulty The chart below shows the sleep patterns of people in five different occupations according to a Canadian study. Write a report for a university lecturer, describing the information below. Give possible reasons for the differences. You should write at least 150 words. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. model answer: Differences in sleep patterns appear to reflect differences in individuals' occupations. A Canadian study has pointed out, for example, that students typically sleep for a consecutive 8-hour period each night, from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. This may be because the central activity in their lives, study, takes place in normal daylight hours. Similarly, business executives sleep consecutive hours, but perhaps because their jobs are especially busy and stressful they sleep for 6 hours on average, getting up around 5 a.m By contrast, truck drivers, probably because of their need to keep their trucks on the road over long periods, tend to sleep in two 3-hour blocks: one between 7 and 10 a.m. and another from 4 to 7 p.m. Another occupation associated with broken sleep schedules is that of doctors. They tend to retire to bed around 1 a.m. and start their day at 7 a.m , but may be woken up to deal with emergencies in the middle of the night. Finally, full-time mothers, especially those with young children, tend to sleep when their babies do. Typically, they will sleep from 10 p.m. and be awoken at 1 a.m. to comfort their babies for a couple of hours. They then go back to bed to wake at 6 a.m., but nap for two hours or so in the early afternoon. Thus the influence on one's sleep pattern is worthy of consideration when choosing an occupation. The diagram below shows the average hours of unpaid work per week done by people in different categories. (Unpaid work refers to such activities as childcare in the home, housework and gardening.) Describe the information presented below, comparing results for men and women in the categories shown. Suggest reasons for what you see.You should write at least 150 words. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.model answer: The diagram reveals that the number of hours per week spent in unpaid work is unequally distributed between men and women. In households where there are no children, women are reported to work some 30 hours per week in such tasks as housework and gardening. Men's contribution to these unpaid jobs averages a considerably lower 18 hours. When children enter the household, however, the inequality becomes even more pronounced. In families of 1 - 2 children, men maintain approximately the same number of hours of unpaid work as in childless households, but the number of hours women work in the home rises to 52 per week, much of it, on doubt, due to childcare responsibilities. Interestingly, when there are three or more children in the household, men are found to work even fewer hours around the house than before the appearance of the third child. Whereas women's unpaid hours rise to approximately 56 per week, the corresponding figure for men, 16, actually represents a decrease. The data suggest that the increased presence of women in the paid work force has yet to lead to an increased role for men in the home. The diagram below shows the typical stages of consumer goods manufacturing, including the process by which information is fed back to earlier stages to enable adjustment. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the process shown.You should write at least 150 words. You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. model answer: Most consumer goods go through a series of stages before they emerge as finished products ready for sale. Raw materials and manufactured components comprise the initial physical input in the manufacturing process. Once obtained, these are stored for later assembly. But assembly first depends upon the production planning stage, where it is decided how and in what quantities the stored materials will be processed to create sufficient quantities of finished goods. The production planning stage itself follows the requirements of the goods' design stage that proceeds from extensive research. After assembly, the products are inspected and tested to maintain quality control l Those units that pass the inspection and testing stages are then packaged, despatched and offered for sale in retail outlets. The level of sales, which is the end point of the manufacturing process, helps determine production planning. A product's design is not only the result of product research, but is also influenced by testing and market research. If the testing stage (after assembly and inspection) reveals unacceptable problems in the finished product, then adjustments will have to be made to the product's design. Similarly, market research, which examines the extent and nature of the demand for products, has the role of guiding product design to suit consumer demands which may change with time. Market research, while influenced by product sales, also serves to foster future sales by devising suitable advertising for the goods. Thus the reality of consumer goods manufacturing goes well beyond a simple linear production process.