Kinh nghiệm và mẹo toeic LY THUYET COUNT NONCOUNT NOUNS AND ARTICLES

COUNT/NONCOUNT NOUNS AND ARTICLES We can say three cups, two girls, ten pounds We can count them We cannot say two waters, three musics, one money We cannot count them Countable nouns can be singular or plural Ex: This cup is full These cups are empty Uncountable nouns can only be singular Ex: The water is cold The weather was terrible Countable nouns are used with SOME + a plural noun in positive sentences, and any + a plural noun in questions and negatives I’ve got some books Are there any eggs? We don’t need any potatoes Uncountable nouns are used with SOME in positive sentences and ANY in questions and negatives, but only with a singular noun There is some milk Is there any butter? We haven’t got any wine Countable nouns are used with many in questions and negatives How many girls were there? We haven’t got many apples Uncountable nouns are used with much in questions and negatives How much money have you got? There isn’t much sugar Both countable and uncountable nouns are used with a lot of and lots of in positive sentences We’ve got a lot of eggs There are lots of oranges There’s a lot of milk He’s got lots of money Countable nouns are used with a few I’ve got a few problems at the moment Uncountable nouns are used with a little We only need a little milk Articles (A/An and the) The indefinite article (a or an) is used with singular, countable nouns to refer to a thing or an idea for the first time We have a cat and a dog There’s a supermarket in Adam Street I’m reading a good book The definite article (the) is used with singular and plural, countable and uncountable nouns when both the speaker and the listener know the thing or idea already We have a cat and a dog The cat is old, but the dog is just a puppy I’m going to the supermarket Do you want anything? (We both know which supermarket.) The book is written by Mark Anton (This is the book I was telling you about.) with some expressions of quantity a pair of (shoes) a little a couple of (minutes) a few a hundred a thousand three times a day forty miles an hour in exclamations with what + a countable noun what a lovely day! What a pity! What a terrible hat! Note In some languages, one and a/an are the same word In English, a/an for the indefinite is more common We use one if we want to be precise, and we want to emphasize one, not two, or three, or four He drives a Volkswagen She’s got one Rolls-Royce, two Cadillacs, and three motorbikes Definite article The definite article is used before seas, rivers, hotels, pubs, theatres, museums, and newspapers the Atlantic the British Museum the Times the Ritz if there is only one the sun the Queen the Government with superlative adjectives He’s the richest man in the world Jane’s the oldest in the class Note We not use the with the with parts of the body We use my/his/her/your,etc I washed my hair He broke his leg Wrong: He broke the leg No article There is no article 1.before plural and uncountable nouns when talking about things in general I like potatoes I like bread Milk is good for you before countries, towns, streets, languages, magazines, meals, airports, stations, and mountains I had lunch with John I bought Cosmopolitan at Paddington Station Before some places and with some forms of transport At home, in/to bed, at/to work at / to school by bus By plane by car by train on foot Ex: She goes to work by bus I was at home yesterday evening Note In the phrase go home, there is no arcticle and no preposition Ex: I went home early Wrong: I went to home in exclamations with what + an uncountable nouns Ex: What beautiful weather! What loud music! THANK YOU ... article (the) is used with singular and plural, countable and uncountable nouns when both the speaker and the listener know the thing or idea already We have a cat and a dog The cat is old, but the... Uncountable nouns are used with SOME in positive sentences and ANY in questions and negatives, but only with a singular noun There is some milk Is there any butter? We haven’t got any wine 3 Countable... Both countable and uncountable nouns are used with a lot of and lots of in positive sentences We’ve got a lot of eggs There are lots of oranges There’s a lot of milk He’s got lots of money 5 Countable