HOW TO WRITE A SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH? LÀM THẾ NÀO VIẾT ĐƯỢC 1 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC

Recommendations about Additions of theory. Recommendation about application of the results. Recommendations for further research guide General evaluation of the results obtained. Affirm the strengths, weaknesses of the arguments and methods; Since then, the affirm or negative confirmed correctness of arguments. Acknowledge the contribution of theory. Predicted results apply

COLLEGE COMPOSITION PROF.,DR NGUYEN PHAN THIET VIETNAM FORESTRY UNIVERSITY 3.3 SCIENTIFIC REPORT A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE TT Module Layout of a scientific Article MODULE CONTENTS Module Introduction Module Research History Module Research Objectives Module Scientific issues and the Author's Thesis Module Research methods and arguments to prove thesis Module Research results Analysis Module Conclusions & Recommendations 1.1.Module 1: Introduction • Reasons of Research • Theoretical and practical significance of the study • Who benefits from the research results 1.2 Module 2: Research History (Who did?) • Brief Description of study Process; Achievements and Authors • Strengths and weaknesses of Previous Researches • Conclusions about the content to be solved 1.3 Module 3: Research Objectives (What will I do?) • The long-term work plan • The immediate work to be done • Illustrating on the target tree 1.4.Module 4: Issues of research and the author's thesis (What’s my thesis?) • • Issues (questions) that exist in the research and issues the author mentioned in the study Arguments of various authors and the arguments of the author of the article itself 1.5 Module 5: Methods and Arguments to prove the thesis • • Theoretical basis (theoretical arguments) and the method used The practical arguments and methods used: observation, interviews, surveys, experiments or tests 1.6 Module 6: Analysis of results • • • The difference between the actual and the assumptions set out in the observations/experiments The accuracy of the measurement and the bias of the observation The limitations of the information gathering process and the ability to pass 1.7 Module 7: Conclusions and recommendations • CONCLUSIONS  General evaluation of the results obtained  Affirm the strengths, weaknesses of the arguments and methods; Since then, the affirm or negative confirmed correctness of arguments  Acknowledge the contribution of theory  Predicted results apply • RECOMMENDATIONS • Recommendations about Additions of theory • Recommendation about application of the results • Recommendations for further research guide B SCIENCE THESIS © DIFINITIONS • Scientific Thesis is a monograph on a scientific topic or technology by science researcher for the following purposes:  Train of scientific research methods and skills  Demonstrating the results of a study phase  Protection in front of the thesis committee • Thus: Scientific Thesis is a scientific research Work or a scientific research Probationary, recorded a mark of the authors strives â TYPES OF THESIS ã Bachelor Thesis: a general monograph of the student after ending training program at the University to obtain a bachelor's degree • Master Thesis: a scientific monograph that presents a systematic study of graduate students to gain master’s degree • Ph.D thesis: a scientific monograph that presents systematically a science topic of PhD Candidate to protect for gaining PhD’s degree © ESTABLISHING A RESEARCH OUTLINE OF THE THESIS  TYPE 1-Part 1, Thought of the study, including the following contents: • • • • • • • • Reasons to choose the thesis (why I choose this topic?) History of the research (Who did what in this area?) Objectives (ie, tasks) research (Will do?) Object (where would I do?, What a social community will I do?) Scope of the study (Area to do?) Scientific issues (questions should be answered in the study?) Hypothesis (What is my basic argument?) Proving Methods :  proving by Theories, ie, given "theoretical basis"  experiment • Justification of results • Conclusion and recommendation about the results 2- Part 2, outline of the thesis, includes the following chapters: • Beginning Chapter  Reasons for research  History of research  Subjects of study  Scope of Research  Research hypothesis and methods of proving the hypothesis • Chapter About the contents for proving the hypothesis (ie scientific arguments) by theory: what concepts should need to clarify?, what type of science that its theory basis is used to prove the hypothesis Chapters 2, 3, • Introduction to proving part by methods of practical observation, expert interviews, scientific conferences and experiment • This chapter can be divided into some chapters depending on practical research activities Conclusions and recommendations  TYPE2 ® COMPONENT • Front cover • • • • • • Title page Dedication (optional) Abstract Acknowledgements (optional) Table of contents List of symbols, abbreviations (if needed) • List of tables and figures đ COMPONENT ã Introduction ã Literature Review • Materials and Methods or Methodology • Results • Discussion • Conclusions and Recommendations  References  Appendices • ABSTRACT • INTRODUCTION    Maximally one page No literature references • TABLE OF CONTENTS  Automatically generated by WORD  Avoid too much sub-splitting of the chapters Serves to attract the reader’s attention  Be brief and to the point  Start broad scope of research, then become more specific  End with aims/objectives of the study • LITERATURE REVIEW      • • Literature survey on your and related topics Integration of literature Not all literature you have read should be in Do not copy large text fragments If copy, give correct reference (avoid plagiary) MATERIALS AND METHODS Be systematic and precise, so that others can exactly copy your experiments      Follow logic, chronological order (sampling, preservation, analysis, data handling) For standard procedures, refer to literature Include information on type of equipment, chemicals etc Correct chemical names, species names (in Latin and in italics), use SI system • RESULTS      Comprehensive and coherent on its own Do not present literature Indicate what the results are showing Negative results are also results! Relate text logically with Tables/Figures      Present in clear tables/figures Not too much information at one time Graphs are preferred above tables Include appropriate statistical parameters Detailed tables of all data Appendices • DISCUSSION    Preferably separate from results Critically discuss your own results, also in relation with existing literature Most difficult part    Not necessarily follow the order of the results; choose your own logic Refer to tables and figures in results, but not repeat the Results section Dare to discuss your own idea • CONCLUCTION AND   RECOMMENDATIONS List the main conclusions  Limit yourself (maximally 4) Two types of recommendations  For further studies  For advise to externals (e.g politicians) • REFERENCES Use Harvard style:  In text: surnames + year  In reference list: alphabetically • Double check:  All literature in text ► also in reference list  All items in reference list ► also in text  Be consistent  Use endnote  • APPENDIX For all information not directly relevant • Unprocessed results • Detailed description of a model • Interview reports • • GENERAL REMARKS • • • • BS reports are not Lecture Notes Be concise! Length is not related to quality Start to make framework first with “working title” and table of contents Use your spell check Your mentor will not the English corrections What to with comments of supervisors? • WHERE TO START?        List all literature (you have read) in correct way Material & Methods Results: Figures & Tables; Text Discussion Conclusions & Recommendations Introduction Abstract 3.4 FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THESIS • • • • • Cover Thank giving Page Table of Contents Symbol and Abbreviations Foreword     The reason and context of thesis Theoretical and practical Meaning of The topic Achievements and problems The next scheduled work ... after ending training program at the University to obtain a bachelor''s degree • Master Thesis: a scientific monograph that presents a systematic study of graduate students to gain master’s degree... thesis: a scientific monograph that presents systematically a science topic of PhD Candidate to protect for gaining PhD’s degree © ESTABLISHING A RESEARCH OUTLINE OF THE THESIS  TYPE 1- Part 1, Thought... references • TABLE OF CONTENTS  Automatically generated by WORD  Avoid too much sub-splitting of the chapters Serves to attract the reader’s attention  Be brief and to the point  Start broad scope