TOPIC 7 CULTURE AND POLITICS

Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission TOPIC 7: CULTURE AND POLITICS EXERCISE 1: CULTURE AND MARRIAGE [] Traditions, saying, beliefs, language, and values are just a few things that make up our culture Culture is the framework in which families are structured It shapes our expectations and ideals Culture plays a part in the meaning of marriage and our roles as husbands, wives, children and parents Understanding cultural differences and similarities related to marriage is important Culture affects the roles that spouses take within marriages, the age at marriage and number of children a couple have, the meaning of divorce, cohabitation and non-marital childbearing, and the way parents raise children Understanding how relationships and marriages vary across cultural contexts, and how they are similar, we will be able to identify the unique ways that marriages and family life affect people of various cultures As a result, we will be able to help families and sustain happy marriages A cross cultural marriage or similar love relationship can be extremely exciting The cultural background, visits to the other country, the language of the country and learning to speak it, the different habits and ways of doing and saying things that people from other cultures have, are all very exciting indeed What of the disadvantages of a cross cultural marriage or love relationship with someone from another country or cultural background? No matter how much you love your husband or wife, no matter how high your level of cross cultural awareness, cross cultural communication and respect for differences Misunderstanding seems to be unavoidable Question The passage is about A the effects of cultures on love and marriage B the definition of culture C the role of spouses in the family D cultural differences Question The word It refers to A culture B family C framework D structure Question According to the writer, cross-cultural marriage , A does not have advantages B does not have disadvantages C have both advantages and disadvantages D does not exist through time Question According to the passage, which of the following is not affected by culture? A The age to get married B Child-raising C How much spouses love each other D The roles of spouses Question In cross-cultural marriage, may happen A divorce B quarrel C misunderstanding D separation ĐÁP ÁN A A C C C GIẢI THÍCH CHI TIẾT TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Question 1: Đáp án A Đoạn văn nói ảnh hưởng văn hóa đến tình yêu hôn nhân Clue: “Culture plays a part in the meaning of marriage and our roles as husbands, wives, children and parents.” (Văn hóa đóng vai trò việc xác định ý nghĩa hôn nhân trách nhiệm người chồng, người vợ, cha mẹ) Đáp án A phù hợp Đáp án A the effects of cultures on love and marriage Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án B the definition of culture Sai thông tin Đáp án C the role of spouses in the family Sai, tham khảo clue Đáp án D cultural differences Sai thông tin Question 2: Đáp án A Clue: “Culture is the framework in which families are structured It shapes our expectations and ideals.” (Văn hóa khung cấu trúc gia đình Nó (nền văn hóa) tạo nên mong muốn lý tưởng chúng ta) Từ “it” liên hệ với từ “culture” phía trước Đáp án A phù hợp Question 3: Đáp án C Key words: cross-cultural marriage Clue: “A cross cultural marriage or similar love relationship can be extremely exciting The cultural background, visits to the other country, the language of the country and learning to speak it, the different habits and ways of doing and saying things that people from other cultures have, are all very exciting indeed What of the disadvantages of a cross cultural marriage or love relationship with someone from another country or cultural background? No matter how much you love your husband or wife, no matter how high your level of cross cultural awareness, cross cultural communication and respect for differences Misunderstanding seems to be unavoidable.” (Một hôn nhân xuyên biên giới hay kiểu tình yêu tương tự thú vị Nền văn hóa khác nhau, đến đất nước người kia, ngôn ngữ khác học cách nói, thói quen khác cách làm nói thứ mà người dân nước làm, thật thú vị Điểm bất lợi hôn nhân xuyên biên giới hay tình yêu gì? Cho dù bạn yêu chồng vợ bạn đến mức nào, cho dù bạn hiểu biết văn hóa nữa, việc giao tiếp văn hóa khác Việc hiểu sai điều tránh khỏi) Vậy đáp án C phù hợp đầy đủ ý Question 4: Đáp án C Key words: culture, affect Clue: “Culture affects the roles that spouses take within marriages, the age at marriage and number of children a couple have, the meaning of divorce, cohabitation and non-marital childbearing, and the way parents raise children” (Văn hóa ảnh hưởng đén vai trò vợ chồng hôn nhân, độ tuổi kết hôn, số gia đình, ý nghĩa việc li hôn, việc sống chung có mang giá thú, cách nuôi con) Đáp án A The age to get married (Độ tuổi kết hôn) Sai, ý có nói clue Đáp án B Child-raising (Cách nuôi con) Sai, ý có nói clue TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Đáp án C How much spouses love each other (Cách vợ chồng yêu thương nhau) Đúng ý không nói đến Đáp án D The roles of spouses (Vai trò vợ chồng) Sai, ý có nói clue Question 5: Đáp án C Key words: cross-cultural marriage Clue: “Misunderstanding seems to be unavoidable” (Việc hiểu sai ý điều không tránh khỏi) Vậy đáp án C phù hợp CẤU TRÚC - TỪ VỰNG QUAN TRỌNG Spouse: vợ/chồng Cohabitation: việc sống chung Non-marital childbearing: sinh giá thú A cross cultural marriage: Hôn nhân xuyên quốc gia Cấu trúc với " no matter" No matter + who/what/which/where/when/how + subject + verb in present: dù có … No matter how = however: dù No matter what = whatever: dù No matter where = wherever: dù đâu No matter when = whenever: Dù No matter which = whichever: Dù No matter who = whoever: Dù EX: No matter what you say, I won't believe you (Dù bạn có nói nữa, không tin bạn) Cấu trúc đứng cuối câu mà mệnh đề theo sau: I will always love you, no matter what (Dù nữa, yêu em) Ngoài ra, "đôi khi" có cấu trúc how No matter how (however) + adj + S + v, clause EXERCISE 2: VIETNAMESE WEDDING [] In the past, both men and women were expected to be married at quite young ages Marriages were generally arranged by parents and family, with their children having little chance to say no in the matter In the past it was not surprising to find that a bride and groom had only just met on the day of their engagement or marriage In modern Vietnam, this has changed completely as people choose their own marriagepartners based on love, and in consideration primarily to their own needs and wants Moreover early marriage is quite illegal The traditional Vietnamese wedding is one of the most important of traditional Vietnamese occasions Regardless of westernization, many of the age-old customs practiced in a traditional Vietnamese wedding continue to be celebrated by both Vietnamese in Vietnam and overseas, often combining both western and eastern elements Besides the wedding ceremony, there is also an engagement ceremony which takes TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission place usually half a year or so before the wedding Due to the spiritual nature of the occasion, the date and time of the marriage ceremony are decided in advance by a fortune teller The traditional Vietnamese wedding consists of an extensive array of ceremonies: the first is the ceremony to ask permission to receive the bride, the second is the procession to receive the bride (along with the ancestor ceremony at her house), the third is to bring the bride to the groom's house for another ancestor ceremony and to welcome her into the family, then the last is a wedding banquet The number of guests in attendance at these banquets is huge, usually in the hundreds Several special dishes are served Guests are expected to bring gifts, often money, which the groom and bride at one point in the banquet will go from table to table collecting Question In the past, A Vietnamese couples were free to make a decision on the marriage B Vietnamese marriage was decided by parents and family C Getting married at an early age was not allowed D Parents had no right to interfere their children's marriage Question In former days, the fact that a bride and groom had only first met just on the day of their engagement or marriage was A surprising B popular C uncommon D strange Question Which sentence is referred Vietnamese modern marriage? A Most young people not have their marriage based on love B All marriages are arranged by parents and family C Marriage is quite westernization D Couples not get married at quite young ages Question According to the passage, A Oversea Vietnamese people not like to organize a traditional wedding B There is an engagement ceremony which takes place usually half a year or so before the wedding C Many of the age-old customs practiced in a traditional Vietnamese wedding not exist nowadays D Vietnamese people never ask a fortune teller the date and time of the marriage ceremony Question Which does not exist in a Vietnamese wedding party? A firecrackers B guests C dishes D gifts ĐÁP ÁN B B D B A GIẢI THÍCH CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án B Key words: past Clue: “Marriages were generally arranged by parents and family, with their children having TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission little chance to say no in the matter.” (Hôn nhân định đoạt bố mẹ gia đình, hội để từ chối) Đáp án A Vietnamese couples were free to make a decision on the marriage (Các cặp đôi người Việt tự lựa chọn hôn nhân cho mình) Sai theo bài, khứ, hôn nhân định đoạt Đáp án B Vietnamese marriage was decided by parents and family (Hôn nhân Việt Nam cha mẹ định đoạt) Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án C Getting married at an early age was not allowed (Lấy sớm không phép) Sai, câu văn “In the past, both men and women were expected to be married at quite young ages” Đáp án D Parents had no right to interfere their children's marriage (Cha mẹ quyền can thiệp vào hôn nhân cái) Sai, tham khảo clue Question 2: Đáp án B Key words: former days, first met, day, engagement, marriage Clue: “In the past it was not surprising to find that a bride and groom had only just met on the day of their engagement or marriage” (Trong thời kì trước đây, người ta không ngạc nhiên mà cô dâu rể gặp lần vào đám hỏi đám cưới) Vậy đáp án B phù hợp Question 3: Đáp án D Key words: Vietnamese, modern, marriage Clue: “In modern Vietnam, this has changed completely as people choose their own marriage-partners based on love, and in consideration primarily to their own needs and wants Moreover early marriage is quite illegal” (Ngày Việt Nam, việc thay đổi người ta tự chọn vị hôn phu/ hôn thê dựa tình yêu, dựa nhu cầu ước muốn họ Hơn nữa, kết hôn sớm trái pháp luật) Đáp án A Most young people not have their marriage based on love (Hầu hết hôn nhân người trẻ tuổi không cưới yêu) Sai, tham khảo clue Đáp án B All marriages are arranged by parents and family (Tất hôn nhân xếp cha mẹ gia đình) Sai theo việc xảy khứ Đáp án C Marriage is quite westernization (Hôn nhân Tây hóa) Sai thông tin Đáp án D Couples not get married at quite young ages (Các cặp đôi không lấy trẻ) Đúng, tham khảo clue Question 4: Đáp án B Clue: “Vietnamese wedding continue to be celebrated by both Vietnamese in Vietnam and overseas there is also an engagement ceremony which takes place usually half a year or so before the wedding the date and time of the marriage ceremony are decided in advance by a fortune teller” (Đám cưới Việt Nam tiếp tục tổ chức người nước lẫn nước Cũng có lễ đính hôn diễn trước lễ cưới khoảng nửa năm Ngày hôn lễ định đoạt trước thầy bói) TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Đáp án A Oversea Vietnamese people not like to organize a traditional wedding (Người Việt nước không muốn tổ chức đám cưới truyền thống) Sai theo clue người Việt nước nước muốn tổ chức đám cưới truyền thống Đáp án B There is an engagement ceremony which takes place usually half a year or so before the wedding (Có lễ đỉnh hôn diễn khoảng nửa năm trước lễ cưới) Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án C Many of the age-old customs practiced in a traditional Vietnamese wedding not exist nowadays (Nhiều trang phục cưới truyền thống không tồn nữa) Sai thông tin Đáp án D Vietnamese people never ask a fortune teller the date and time of the marriage ceremony (Người Việt Nam không hỏi bà thầy bói ngày đám cưới) Sai, tham khảo clue Question 5: Đáp án A Key words: exist, Vietnamese, wedding, party Clue: “The number of guests in attendance at these banquets is huge, usually in the hundreds Several special dishes are served Guests are expected to bring gifts, often money, which the groom and bride at one point in the banquet will go from table to table collecting” (Số lượng khách tham gia lễ lớn, thường hàng trăm người Người ta phục vụ nhiều ăn đặc biệt Người ta mong vị khách mang quà tặng, thường tiền mừng đến, cô dâu rể buổi lễ từ bàn đến bàn khác để nhận quà) Vậy có pháo hoa đám cưới người Việt Đáp án A phù hợp CẤU TRÚC - TỪ VỰNG QUAN TRỌNG In spite of = despite = regardless of + n/ v-ing: mặc dù, bất chấp, không kể E.g: They went for a walk in spite of the pouring rain Wedding ceremony: Lễ cưới Engagement ceremony: Lễ đính hôn A fortune teller: thầy bói EXERCISE 3: MARRIAGE [] When people plan to marry, they expect to find in their partner not only a lover but a friend also They find a person with whom they can share their opinions, their emotions, thoughts and fears In marriage we are looking for a partner who will be able to understand our values, our likes and dislikes If a man and a woman are born and raised in the same country, most likely they are familiar with the same songs, movies, jokes, books and life in general They basically have the same roots In the case of a western man and foreign woman family everything is more complicated and requires much more patience and understanding from both spouses On one hand each of the partners has an opportunity to learn a great deal about the other's country, culture, traditions and life styles which can be very interesting On the other hand it can be very disappointing if there is the inability to understand your partner's excitements and TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission frustrations For example, you are watching the television and suddenly you see a famous actor or singer, or other type of an artist whose name you have grown up with Maybe this artist was an idol for your parents and the music of this artist was often played in your house when you were a child Unfortunately you realize that your wife is unable to understand your feelings because she has no idea who this artist is Her eyes are absolutely empty because she has never even heard the song before You feel rather disappointed! Remember that your wife has the same situation with you You not know her country's songs, her country's famous actors, her books She has her own memories and in actuality, for her, everything is much more difficult than it is for you At least, you live in your own country where everybody can understand you She lives in completely strange surroundings, where she has nobody to share her feelings with, except you Do some research and learn about your wife's country, culture and lifestyles Talk with her, ask her questions, get to know what songs she likes, what movies and books are of interest to her The Internet will give you a great opportunity to find anything! Tell her about your country's culture, let her listen to the music that you like, rent a movie for her that left you with great impression Let her understand you better through the things that you like Patience and time will help you to fight cultural differences Question A spouse should A let the partner to everything alone B be not only a lover but also a friend C not share the feelings with the partner D not interfere with what the partner's likes and dislikes Question According to the passage, A Spouses who have the same nationality need more patience and understanding in their marriage than those who are from different cultures B Spouses who are from different cultures need more patience and understanding in their marriage than those who have the same roots C Spouses who have the same roots not share anything together D Spouses who are from different cultures can never share anything together Question If there is the inability to understand a spouse's excitements and frustrations the marriage, he or she may feel A faithful B hopeless C disappointed D happy Question The passage is A critical B convincing C advisory D apologetic Question To overcome cultural differences in marriage needs A patience and time B time and money C movies and music D books and the Internet ĐÁP ÁN B B C TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS C A Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission GIẢI THÍCH CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án B Key words: spouse, should Clue: “When people plan to marry, they expect to find in their partner not only a lover but a friend also.” (Khi người ta định kết hôn, họ mong muốn bạn đời họ người tình mà người bạn) Đáp án A let the partner to everything alone (để người tự làm việc) Sai thông tin Đáp án B Be not only a lover but also a friend (không người yêu mà người bạn) Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án C not share the feelings with the partner (không chia sẻ với người kia) Sai, tham khảo clue Đáp án D not interfere with what the partner's likes and dislikes (Không quan tâm đến sở thích ghét người kia) Sai, tham khảo clue Question 2: Đáp án B Clue: “In the case of a western man and foreign woman family everything is more complicated and requires much more patience and understanding from both spouses.” (Trong trường hợp gia đình người đàn ông phương Tây gia đình ngưòi phụ nữ nước ngoài, chuyện phức tạp đòi hỏi phải kiên nhẫn thấu hiểu lẫn hơn) Đáp án A Spouses who have the same nationality need more patience and understanding in their marriage than those who are from different cultures (Người bạn đời quốc gia cần phải kiên nhẫn hiểu hôn nhân đến từ quốc gia khác nhau) Sai cụm từ “same nationality” Đáp án B Spouses who are from different cultures need more patience and understanding in their marriage than those who have the same roots (Những cặp vợ chồng đến từ văn hóa khác cần kiên nhẫn tìm hiểu hôn nhãn quốc gia) Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án C Spouses who have the same roots not share anything together (Những cặp vợ chồng quê hương không chia sẻ với nhau) Sai không hợp lí Đáp án D Spouses who are from different cultures can never share anything together (Những cặp vợ chồng đến từ quốc gia khác chia sẻ với nhau) Sai không hợp lí Question 3: Đáp án C Key words: inability, understand, excitement, frustration, feel Clue: “On the other hand it can be very disappointing if there is the inability to understand your partner's excitements and frustrations.” (Mặt khác người ta cảm thấy thất vọng họ khả thấu hiểu niềm vui nỗi buồn người bạn đời) Vậy đáp án C phù hợp Question 4: Đáp án C Đáp án A critical (chỉ trích) Sai nội dung ý trích TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Đáp án B convincing (thuyết phục) Sai không hợp với nội dung Đáp án C advisory (tư vẩn) Đúng hợp với toàn nội dung bài, văn đưa nhiều thông tin hướng giải cặp đôi không quốc tịch Đáp án D apologetic (biện giải) Sai không hợp với nội dung Question 5: Đáp án A Key words: overcome, cultural, differences, marriage Clue: “Patience and time will help you to fight cultural differences.” (Lòng kiên nhẫn thời gian giúp bạn đánh bại khác biệt văn hóa) Vậy đáp án A phù hợp EXERCISE 4: LIFE OF ARCHAIC PEOPLES [] Both in what is now the eastern and the southwestern United States, the peoples of the Archaic era (8,000-1,000 B.C) were, in a way, already adapted to beginnings of cultivation through their intensive gathering and processing of wild plant foods In both Line areas, there was a well-established ground stone tool technology, a method of pounding and grinding nuts and other plant foods, that could be adapted to newly cultivated foods By the end of the Archaic era, people in eastern North America had domesticated certain native plants, including sunflowers; weeds called goosefoot, sumpweed, or marsh elder; and squash or gourds of some kind These provided seeds that were important sources of carbohydrates and fat in the diet The earliest cultivation seems to have taken place along the river valleys of the Midwest and the Southeast, with experimentation beginning as early as 7,000 years ago and domestication beginning 4,000 to 2,000 years ago Although the term “Neolithic” is not used in North American prehistory, these were the first steps toward the same major subsistence changes that took place during the Neolithic (8,000-2,000 B.C.) period elsewhere in the world Archaeologists debate the reasons for beginning cultivation in the eastern part of the continent Although population and sedentary living were increasing at the time, there is little evidence that people lacked adequate wild food resources; the newly domesticated foods supplemented a continuing mixed subsistence of hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants, Increasing predictability of food supplies may have been a motive It has been suggested that some early cultivation was for medicinal and ceremonial plants rather than for food One archaeologist has pointed out that the early domesticated plants were all weedy species that well in open, disturbed habitats, the kind that would form around human settlements where people cut down trees, trample the ground, deposit trash, and dig holes It has been suggested that sunflower, sumpweed, and other plants almost domesticated themselves, that is , they thrived in human – disturbed habitats, so humans intensively collected them and began to control their distribution Women in the Archaic communities were probably the main experimenters with cultivation, because ethnoarchaeological evidence tells us that women were the main collectors of plant food and had detailed knowledge of plants Question The passage mainly discusses which of the following aspects of the life of Archaic peoples? TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission A The principal sources of food that made up their diet B Their development of ground stone tool technology C Their development of agriculture D Their distribution of work between men and women Question The word “these” in line 12 refers to A seeds B river valleys C the Midwest and the Southeast D experimentation and domestication Question According to the passage, when did the domestication of plants begin in North America? A 7,000 years ago B 4,000 to 2,000 years ago C Long after the Neolithic period D Before the Archaic period Question The word “adequate” in line 16 is closest in meaning to A sufficient B healthful C varied D dependable Question According to the passage, which of the following was a possible motive for the cultivation of plants in eastern North America? A Lack of enough wild food sources B The need to keep trees from growing close to settlements C Provision of work for an increasing population D Desire for the consistent availability of food Question The phrase “rather than” in line 19 is closest in meaning to A in addition to B instead of C as a replacement D such as Question The plant “sumpweed” is mentioned in line in order to A contrast a plant with high nutritional value with one with little nutritional value B explain the medicinal use of a plant C clarify which plants grew better in places where trees were not cut down D provide an example of a plant that was easy to domesticate Question The word “thrived” in line 24 is closest in meaning to A stayed B originated C grew well D died out Question According to the passage, which of the following is true about all early domesticated plants? A They were varieties of weeds B They were moved from disturbed areas C They succeeded in areas with many trees D They failed to grow in trampled or damaged areas Question 10 According to the passage, it is thought that most of the people who began cultivating plants were A medical workers B leaders of ceremonies C women D hunters ĐÁP ÁN TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 10 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission (Năm 1824, Yohei Hanaya Edo (bây Tokyo) loại bỏ trình lên men, bắt đầu phục vụ lát hải sản tươi sống gạo giấm) Ông ta loại bỏ trình lên men, nghĩa ông ta sử dụng cá tươi, cá sống Vậy có đáp án B phù hợp Các đáp án khác liên quan đến ông Yohei Hanaya Question 3: Đáp án C Key words: shime Clue: “Popular choices include ama ebi (raw shrimp), shime saba (marinated mackerel), and maguro (tuna)” (Sự lựa chọn thông dụng bao gồm ama ebi (tôm sống), shime saba (cá thu ướp) maguro (cá hồi) Vậy ama ebi tôm tươi, shime saba cá thu ướp, theo cấu trúc ta suy ebi tôm Nếu shime ướp, shime ebi tôm ướp Vậy shime có nghĩa ướp Đáp án C phù hợp Question 4: Đáp án D Đáp án A What is the definition of the word sushi? Sai, có nói đến: “In Japanese, when sushi is combined with a modifier, it changes to the word zushi.” (Ở Nhật, sushi kết hợp với chỉnh sửa, chuyển thành zushi Đáp án B Did Japan’s economic status have a bearing on sushi’s popularity? Sai, có nói đến: “Sushi, a combination of rice and fish, fit the bill” (Sushi, kết hợp gạo cá) Đáp án C Have Americans adapted sushi to make it more in keeping with their tastes? Sai, có nói đến: “In this type of sushi, the rice and fish are pressed together in a box, and are consumed together.” (Ở loại này, gạo cá ép vào hộp, ăn nhau.) Đáp án D Why some Americans prefer maki zushi over nigiri zushi? Đúng, thông tin Question 5: Đáp án A Key words: American, sushi, consumption Clue: “Today, sushi consumption in American restaurants is 40% greater than it was in the late 1990s” (Ngày lượng tiêu thụ sushi nhà hàng nước Mỹ cao 40% cuối thập niên 1990s) Vậy Mỹ, người ta ăn sushi nhiều năm trước Đáp án A phù hợp Các đáp án khác thông tin Question 6: Đáp án B Clue: “Sushi, the thousand year old Japanese delicacy, was once thought of in this country as unpalatable and too exotic” (Món ăn nghìn năm tuổi Nhật Bản, sushi, bị nghĩ khó chịu kì lạ ợ nước Mỹ) Từ “unpalatable” có nghĩa không chấp nhận nếm thử, xuất phát từ từ “palatum” tiếng Latin, có nguồn gốc từ từ miệng Vậy đáp án B phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không phù hợp nghĩa Đáp án A not visually appealing (Trông không hấp dẫn) Đáp án B not good tasting (Không ngon) Đáp án C bad smelling (Mùi tệ) Đáp án D too expensive (quá đắt) TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 55 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Question 7: Đáp án D Key words: fish, pickled Clue: “The origins of this food trend may be found in Asia, where it was developed as a way of preserving fish Fresh, cleaned fish was pressed between rice and salt and weighted with a heavy stone over a period of several months During this time, the rice fermented, producing lactic acid that pickled and preserved the fish.” (Nguồn hướng xu hướng thực phẩm tìm thấy châu Á, nơi mà phát triển cách giữ gìn bảo quản cá Cá tươi, ép gạo muối ép tảng đá nặng khoảng vài tháng Trong thời gian này, gạo lên men, tạo axit lactic để ngâm bảo quản cá.) Vậy cá ngâm chua, bảo quản Đáp án D phù hợp Question 8: Đáp án D Key words: maki zushi, rice, nori, switched Clue: “Maki zushi contains strips of fish or vegetables rolled in rice and wrapped in thin sheets of nori, or dried seaweed.” (Makỉ zushi bao gồm dải cá rau củ cuộn vào gạo bọc nori, rong biển khô) Tấm nori bọc bên cuộn, xung quanh gạo Nếu gạo bọc quanh rong biển khô, gạo bên trong, bên (inside-out) Đáp án D phù hợp TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 56 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission CẤU TRÚC – TỪ VỰNG QUAN TRỌNG Raw fish: cá sống Delicacy: tinh tế Unpalatable: không ngon miệng Red-meat diets: Chế độ ăn nhiều thịt đỏ Ferment: lên men Preserve: bảo quản Marinate: ướp Mackerel: cá thu Shrimp: tôm 19 Horseradish: cải ngựa EXERCISE 14 [] The term “art deco” has come to encompass three distinct but related design trends of the 1920’s and 1930’s The first was what is frequently referred to as “zigzag moderne” –the exotically ornamental style of such skyscrapers as the Chrysler Building in New York City and related structures such as the Paramount Theater in Oakland, California The word “zigzag” alludes to the geometric and stylized ornamentation of zigzags, angular patterns, abstracted plant and animal motifs, sunbursts, astrological imagery, formalized fountains, and related themes that were applied in mosaic relief and mural form to the exterior and interior of the buildings Many of these buildings were shaped in the ziggurat form, a design resembling an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower that recedes in progressively smaller stages to the summit, creating a staircase-like effect The second manifestation of art deco was the 1930’s streamlined moderne” style – a Futuristic-looking aerodynamic style of rounded corners and horizontal bands known as “speed stripes.” In architecture, these elements were frequently accompanied by round windows, extensive use of glass block, and flat rooftops The third style, referred to as cither “international stripped classicism,” or simply “classical moderne,” also came to the forefront during the Depression, a period of severe economic difficult in the 1930’s This was amore conservative style, blending a simplified modernistic style with a more austere form of geometric and stylized relief sculpture and other ornament, including interior murals May buildings in this style were erected nationwide through government programs during the Depression Although art deco in its many forms was largely perceived as thoroughly modern, it was strongly influenced by the decorative arts movements that immediately preceded it For example, like “art nouveau” (1890-1910), art deco also used plant motifs, but regularized the forms into abstracted repetitive patterns rather than presenting them as flowing, asymmetrical foliage, Like the Viennese craftspeople of the Wiener Werkstatte, art deco designers worked with exotic materials, geometricized shapes, and colorfully ornate patterns Furthermore, like the artisans of the Arts and Crafts Movement in England and the United States, art deep TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 57 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission practitioners considered it their mission to transform the domestic environment through welldesigned furniture and household accessories Question What aspect of art deco does the passage mainly discuss? A The influence of art deco on the design of furniture and household accessories B Ways in which government programs encouraged the development of art deco C Architectural manifestations of art deco during the 1920’s and 1930’s D Reasons for the popularity of art deco in New York and California Question The word “encompass” in line is closest in meaning to A separate B include C replace D enhance Question The phrase “The first” in line refers to A the term “art deco” B design trends C the 1920’s and 1930’s D skyscrapers Question In line 9, the author mentions “an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower ” in order to A describe the exterior shape of certain “art deco” buildings B explain the differences-between ancient and modern architectural steles C emphasize the extent of architectural advances D argue for a return to more traditional architectural design Question The streamlined moderne style is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A animal motifs B flat roofs C round windows D “speed stripes” Question The phrase “came to the forefront” in line 16 is closest in meaning to A grew in complexity B went through a process C changed its approach D became important Question According to the passage, which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship between art deco and art nouveau? A They were art forms that competed with each other for government support during the Depression era B They were essentially the same art form C Art nouveau preceded art deco and influenced it D Art deco became important in the United States while art nouveau became popular in England Question According to the passage, a building having an especially ornate appearance would most probably have been designed in the style of A zigzag moderne B streamlined moderne C classical moderne D the Arts and Crafts Movement Question According to the passage, which of the following design trends is known by more than one name? A Zigzag moderne B Streamlined moderne C International stripped classicism D Arts and Crafts Movement Question 10 The passage is primarily developed as TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 58 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission A the historical chronology of a movement B a description of specific buildings that became famous for their unusual beauty C an analysis of various trends within an artistic movement D an argument of the advantages of one artistic form over another ĐÁP ÁN C B B A A D C D C 10 C GIẢI THÍCH CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án C Key words: aspect, art deco, discuss Bài văn nói đặc điểm nghệ thuật kiến trúc trang trí năm 1920 1930 Đáp án C phù hợp Các đáp án khác không không phù hợp với nội dung toàn Question 2: Đáp án B Clue: “The term “art deco” has come to encompass three distinct but related design trends of the 1920’s and 1930’s.” (Thuật ngữ "art deco" xuất để bao gồm xu hướng thiết kế riêng biệt có liên quan tới thập niên 1920 1930) Từ “encompass” có nghĩa bao gồm, bao quanh, đặt chung quanh Trong này, từ “Encompass” dùng với nghĩa thứ Vậy đáp án B phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không hợp nghĩa Đáp án A separate (tách) Đáp án B include (bao gồm) Đáp án C replace (thay thế) Đáp án D enhance (nâng cao, làm tăng thêm) Question 3: Đáp án B Clue: “The term “art deco” has come to encompass three distinct but related design trends of the 1920’s and 1930’s The first was what is frequently referred to as “zigzag moderne” - the exotically ornamental style of such skyscrapers as the Chrysler Building Line in New York City and related structures such as the Paramount Theater in Oakland, California” (Cụm từ "art deco" thành lập gồm xu hướng nghệ thuật khác mà lại liên quan đến vào thập niên 1920 1930 Xu hướng mà thường gọi "zigzad moderne" - phong cách tả cảnh tòa nhà chọc trời tòa nhà Chrysler Building Line thành phố New York cấu trúc liên quan Nhà hát Paramount Oakland, California) Vậy từ “the first” ý xu hướng nghệ thuật thứ Đáp án B phù hợp Question 4: Đáp án A Key words: line 9, an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower Clue: “Many of these buildings were shaped in the ziggurat form, a design resembling an ancient Mesopotamian temple tower ” (Nhiều tòa nhà định hình theo mẫu ziggurat, thiết kế giống tòa tháp chùa Lưỡng Hà cổ đại mà ) Vậy tác giả đề cập đến tháp đền cổ Mesopotamian mô tả, làm ví dụ cho xu hướng trang trí kiến trúc cổ đại Đáp án A phù hợp TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 59 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Đáp án A describe the exterior shape of certain “art deco” buildings (Mô tả hình dạng bên số tòa nhà trang trí kiến trúc) Đáp án B explain the differences between ancient and modern architectural steles (Giải thích khác biệt kiểu trang trí kiến trúc cổ đại) Đáp án C emphasize the extent of architectural advances (Nhấn mạnh mức độ mở rộng kiến trúc) Đáp án D argue for a return to more traditional architectural design (Biện luận cho trở lại kiến trúc theo kiểu truyền thống) Question 5: Đáp án A Key words: streamlined, moderne, style, characterized, except Clue: “The second manifestation of art deco was the 1930’s streamlined moderne” style - a Futuristic-looking aerodynamic style of rounded corners and horizontal bands known as “speed stripes.” In architecture, these elements were frequently accompanied by round windows, extensive use of glass block, and flat rooftops.” (Biểu thứ nghệ thuật trang trí phong cách streamlined moderne năm 1930 - Một kiểu dáng khí động học Futuristic, gồm góc tròn ngang gọi "sọc tốc độ" Trong kiến trúc, yếu tố thường kèm với cửa sổ tròn, khối thủy tinh lớn mái nhà phẳng) Vậy phong cách streamlined moderne có đặc trưng mái nhà phẳng, cửa sổ tròn sọc tốc độ Chỉ có đáp án A đặc trưng kiểu nghệ thuật Đáp án A phù hợp Question 6: Đáp án D Clue: “The third style, referred to as cither “international stripped classicism,” or simply “classical moderme,” also came to the forefront during the Depression, a period of severe economic difficult in the 1930’s.” (Phong cách thứ ba, gọi "Trường phái cổ điển quốc tế", hay "classical moderne", đứng hàng đầu giai đoạn suy thoái, giai đoạn kinh tế khó khăn vào thập niên 1930.) Vậy cụm từ “Came to the forefront” có nghĩa đứng hàng đầu, quan trọng.Vậy có đáp án D phù hợp, đáp án khác sai không hợp nghĩa Đáp án A grew in complexity (trưởng thành phức tạp) Đáp án B went through a process (trải qua trình) Đáp án C changed its approach (Thay đổi cách tiếp cận) Đáp án D became important (Trở nên quan trọng) Question 7: Đáp án C Key words: describe, relationship, art deco, art nouveau Clue: “For example, like “art nouveau” (1890-1910), art deco also used plant motifs, but regularized the forms into abstracted repetitive patterns rather than presenting them as flowing, asymmetrical foliage ” (Ví dụ, "art nouveau" (1890-1910), art deco sử dụng họa tiết thực vật, dùng quy tắc lặp lặp lại mẫu hình trình bày chúng dàn trải, đối xứng ) Vậy art nouveau có trước art deco, art deco kế thừa tinh hoa art nouveau Đáp án C phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai thông tin TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 60 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Question 8: Đáp án D Key words: a building, ornate appearance, designed, style Clue: “Like the Viennese craftspeople of the Wiener Werkstatte, art deco designers worked with exotic materials, geometricized shapes, and colorfully ornate patterns Furthermore, like the artisans of the Arts and Crafts Movement in England and the United States, art deep practitioners considered it their mission to transform the domestic environment through welldesigned furniture and household accessories.” (Giống thợ thủ công người Viên Wiener-Werkstatte, nhà trang trí nghệ thuật làm việc với vật liệu kì lạ, hình dáng đa dạng đầy màu sắc trang trí công phu Hơn nữa, giống nghệ nhân phong trào "Arts and Crafts” nước Anh Mỹ, nghệ sĩ chuyên trang trí coi nhiệm vụ dùng việc trang trí để biến đổi môi trường nước thông qua thiết kế đồ dùng phụ kiện gia đình) Vậy phong cách the Arts and Crafts Movement Đáp án D phù hợp Question 9: Đáp án C Key words: design trends, more, name Clue: “The third style, referred to as cither “international stripped classicism,” or simply “classical moderne,”” (Phong cách thứ ba, thường gọi "international stripped classicism", hay gọi đơn giản "classical moderne") Vậy có phong cách thứ ba, phong cách international stripped classicism có tên, tên classical moderne Đáp án C phù hợp Question 10: Đáp án C Key words: passage, developed as Bài vãn phân tích nhiều trường phái nghệ thuật khác nhau, dẫn đến phát triển nghệ thuật trang trí kiến trúc Đáp án C phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không phù hợp với nội dung Đáp án A the historical chronology of a movement (Lịch sử phát triển) Đáp án B a description of specific buildings that became famous for their unusual beauty (Sự mô tả tòa nhà đẹp lạ thường.) Đáp án C an analysis of various trends within an artistic movement (Sự phân tích xu hướng nghệ thuật) Đáp án D an argument of the advantages of one artistic form over another Sai, không phù hợp với nội dung (Tranh cãi lợi ích xu hướng nghệ thuật so với xu hướng khác) TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 61 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission CẤU TRÚC - TỪ VỰNG QUAN TRỌNG Encompass: Bao gồm E.g: The questionnaire was produced especially for this study, and it encompassed aspects and problems of nursing documentation revealed by the literature review Trend: xu hướng E.g: Some trends may be apparent but other changes may occur which may contradict the general direction of the trend Exotic: kì lạ E.g: Somewhere in the distance an exotic bird gave off a trilling call that sounded both mournful and sweet Ornamental: Cảnh E.g: Their walk had led them to a large ornamental fountain, and Fenikkusu sat upon its lip Classicism: cổ điển E.g: Mies also was influenced by the pure classicism of ancient Greek architecture, as seen in his proposal for the Bismarck Monument of 1910, which includes a super-scaled colonnade Allude: gièm pha E.g: It may be the case that ‘Gudeman of Ballangeich’ had become a general term for alluding indirectly to a Scottish king, but it is possible that Charles I and Charles Edward were seen as having more in common with James V than Stuart blood Atrological: chiêm tinh E.g: Astrological conditions indicate this would be an excellent time to implement concrete changes that bring your life closer to your own ideological ideal Imagery: hình ảnh E.g: The film is rich in allegorical theme and symbolic imagery, transforming the most banal of materials into miraculous epiphanies Manifestation: biểu E.g: In addition, he still constitutes the paradigmatic figure in whom philosophy, even in its most abstract manifestations, is never severed from the concerns of life EXERCISE 15: THE WOMAN’S RIGHT TO VOTE [] These passages concern themselves with the nineteenth-century arguments made for and against women’s right to vote in the United States Passage is an excerpt from an address by Isabella Beecher Hooker before the International Council of Women in 1888 Passage is an excerpt from an 1878 report from the Senate’s Committee on Privileges and Elections in response to a proposed constitutional amendment that would give women the right to vote PASSAGE First let me speak of the constitution of the United States, and assert that there is not a line in it, nor a word, forbidding women to vote; but, properly interpreted, that is, interpreted TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 62 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission by the Declaration of Independence, and by the assertions of the Fathers, it actually guarantees to women the right to vote in all elections, both state and national Listen to the preamble to the constitution, and the preamble you know, is the key to what follows; it is the concrete, general statement of the great principles which subsequent articles express in detail The preamble says: “We, The People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” Commit this to memory, friends; learn it by heart as well as by head, and I should have no need to argue the question before you of my right to vote For women are “people” surely, and desire, as much as men, to say the least, to establish justice and to insure domestic tranquility; and, brothers, you will never insure domestic tranquility in the days to come unless you allow women to vote, who pay taxes and bear equally with yourselves all the burdens of society; for they not mean any longer to submit patiently and quietly to such injustice, and the sooner men understand this and graciously submit to become the political equals of their mothers, wives, and daughters – aye, of their grandmothers, for that is my category, instead of their political masters, as they now are, the sooner will this precious domestic tranquility be insured Women are surely “people,” I said, and were when these words were written, and were as anxious as men to establish justice and promote the general welfare, and no one will have the hardihood to deny that our foremothers have we not talked about our forefathers alone long enough? did their full share in the work of establishing justice, providing for the common defense, and promoting the general welfare in all those early days The truth is, friends, that when liberties had to be gained by the sword and protected by the sword, men necessarily came to the front and seemed to be the only creators and defenders of these liberties; hence all the way down women have been content to their patriotic work silently and through men, who are the fighters by nature rather than themselves, until the present day; but now at last, when it is established that ballots instead of bullets are to rule the world now, it is high time that women ceased to attempt to establish justice and promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to themselves and their posterity, through the votes of men… PASSAGE This proposed amendment forbids the United States or any State to deny or abridge the right to vote on account of sex If adopted, it will make several millions of female voters, totally inexperienced in political affairs, quite generally dependent upon the other sex, all incapable of performing military duty and without the power to enforce the laws which their numerical strength may enable them to make, and comparatively very few of whom wish to assume the irksome and responsible political duties which this measure thrusts upon them An experiment so novel, a change so great, should only be made slowly and in response to a general public demand, of the existence of which there is no evidence before your TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 63 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission committee Petitions from various parts of the country, containing by estimate about 30,000 names, have been presented to Congress asking for this legislation They were procured through the efforts of woman-suffrage societies, thoroughly organized, with active and zealous managers The ease with which signatures may be procured to any petition is well known The small number of petitioners, when compared with that of the intelligent women in the country, is striking evidence that there exists among them no general desire to take up the heavy burden of governing, which so many men seek to evade It would be unjust, unwise, and impolitic to impose that burden on the great mass of women throughout the country who not wish for it, to gratify the comparatively few who It has been strongly urged that without the right of suffrage women are and will be subjected to great oppression and injustice But everyone who has examined the subject at all knows that without female suffrage, legislation for years has improved and is still improving the condition of women The disabilities imposed upon her by the common law have, one by one, been swept away until in most of the States she has the full right to her property and all, or nearly all the rights which can be granted without impairing or destroying the marriage relation These changes have been wrought by the spirit of the age, and are not, generally at least, the result of any agitation by women in their own behalf Nor can women justly complain of any partiality in the administration of justice They have the sympathy of judges and particularly of juries to an extent which would warrant loud complaint on the part of their adversaries of the sterner sex Their appeals to legislatures against injustice are never unheeded, and there is no doubt that when any considerable part of the women of any State really wish for the right to vote it will be granted without the intervention of Congress Any State may grant the right of suffrage to women Some of them have done so to a limited extent, and perhaps with good results It is evident that in some States public opinion is much more strongly in favor of it than it is in others Your committee regards it as unwise and inexpedient to enable three-fourths in number of the States, through an amendment to the National Constitution, to force woman suffrage upon the other fourth in which the public opinion of both sexes may be strongly adverse to such a change For these reasons, your committee reports back said resolution with a recommendation that it be indefinitely postponed Question The author of Passage supports her argument by A providing information about the educational levels achieved by women B sharing anecdotes about women who fought in the American Revolution C referring to principles already accepted by her audience D describing her personal experience as a citizen of the United States Question The phrase learn it by heart as well as by head in line Passage 1, suggests A an emotional and intellectual response B rote memorization C learning from experience rather than books TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 64 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission D accepting an argument on faith Question In Passage 1, anxious most nearly means A irritable B eager C apprehensive D hasty Question Passage portray American women as A rebellious B ambitious C patriotic D uneducated Question Which of the following best describes the author’s strategy in Passage 2? A summarizing public perceptions of the issue B anticipating opposing viewpoints and then refuting them C relating an incident and describing its significance D persuading his audience through emotional appeal Question As used in Passage 2, novel most nearly means A rare B original C untried D brilliant Question In the third paragraph of Passage 2, the author characterizes the activists of the women’s suffrage movement as A ardent B courageous C conformist D modest Question The author of Passage cites the example of a woman’s right to her property in order to A show that women are well represented by the legislature even if they cannot vote B demonstrate that if women can be responsible for property, they can be responsible voters C prove that unjust laws affect the condition of women D support the belief that political change should happen quickly Question Which aspect of the topic of women’s voting rights is emphasized in Passage 2, but not in Passage 1? A the interpretation of the Constitution B the contributions of American women C the tax-paying status of women D how the judiciary treats women Question 10 The two authors would most likely agree with which statement? A Most women not desire the right to vote B Women are not meant to be soldiers C Voting is more of a burden than a privilege D American society is ready for female voters ĐÁP ÁN C A B C B C A A D 10 B GIẢI THÍCH CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án C Keywords: passage 1, support, argument Clue: “First let me speak of the constitution of the United States, and assert that there is not a line in it, nor a word, forbidding women to vote The preamble says: “We, The People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 65 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, ” (Trước tiên, xin phép nói Hiến pháp Hoa Kì, khẳng định dòng, từ đó, nói việc nghiêm cấm phụ nữ bầu cử Lời mở đầu nói: "Chúng tôi, nhân dân Hoa Kì, với mục đích hình thành nên khối liên minh hoàn hào hơn, lập lại công lý, đảm bảo an ninh nước, cung cấp phòng thủ chung, thúc đẩy phúc lợi chung bảo đảm lợi ích quyền tự cho cháu mình, ) Vậy Beecher Hooker nói đến Hiến pháp đọc thuộc lòng lời mở đầu để kêu gọi thuyết phục khán giả Đáp án C phù hợp Các đáp án khác không với cách tiếp cận người nghe Đáp án A providing information about the educational levels achieved by women (Đưa thông tin trình độ giáo dục mà phụ nữ đạt được) Đáp án B sharing anecdotes about women who fought in the American Revolution (Chia sẻ giai đoạn người phụ nữ chiến đấu Cách mạng Mỹ) Đáp án C referring to principles already accepted by her audience (Đề cập đến văn luật chấp nhận người nghe) Đáp án D describing her personal experience as a citizen of the United States (Mô tả trải nghiệm cá nhân cô ta công dân Mỹ) Question 2: Đáp án A Clue: “Commit this to memory, friends; learn it by heart as well as by head, and I should have no need to argue the question before you of my right to vote.” (Cam kết điều vào nhớ, bạn bè, học thuộc lòng trái tim trí óc, không nên có nhu cầu tranh luận câu hỏi trước bạn quyền bầu cử tôi) Vậy đáp án A phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không phù hợp nghĩa Đáp án A an emotional and intellectual response (Cách trả lời cảm xúc trí óc) Đáp án B rote memorization (học thuộc lòng) Đáp án C learning from experience rather than books (học từ trải nghiệm học từ sách vở) Đáp án D accepting an argument on faith (chấp nhận tranh cãi cách thành thật) Question 3: Đáp án B Clue: “Women are surely “people,” I said, and were when these words were written, and were as anxious as men to establish justice and promote the general welfare, and no one will have the hardihood to deny ” (Tôi nói, Phụ nữ chắn người, từ ngữ viết ra, phụ nữ mong muốn đàn ông để có quyền bình đẳng thúc đẩy phúc lợi xã hội, đủ can đảm để từ chối ) Từ “anxious có nghĩa lo lắng, sợ hãi cực Một ý nghĩa khác hăng hái tha thiết muốn Trong này, từ “anxious” dùng với nghĩa thứ Đáp án B phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không hợp nghĩa Đáp án A irritable (cáu kỉnh) Đáp an B eager (háo hức) Đáp án C apprehensive (e ngại) TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 66 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission Đáp án D hasty (vội vàng.) Question 4: Đáp án C Keywords: passage 1, portray, women Clue: “ that our foremothers (have we not talked about our forefathers alone long enough?) did their full share in the work of establishing justice, providing for the common defense, and promoting the general welfare in all those early days.” ( Rằng bà tổ (Chúng ta nói ông tổ chưa đủ dài sao?) làm toàn công việc chia cách công bằng, phòng thủ chung làm gia tăng phúc lợi xã hội từ ngày trước) Đáp án A rebellious (nổi loạn) Đáp án B ambitious (Đầy tham vọng) Đáp án C patriotic (Yêu nước) Đúng clue có đoạn nói phụ nữ phòng thủ chung Đáp án D uneducated (Thất học) Question 5: Đáp án B Key words: strategy, passage Đoạn văn dự đoán lập luận người ủng hộ quyền bầu cử phụ nữ bác bỏ chúng Vậy đáp án B phù hợp Question 6: Đáp án C Clue: “An experiment so novel, a change so great, should only be made slowly and in response to a general public demand, of the existence of which there is no evidence before your committee.” Tính từ “novel” có nghĩa điều mẻ chưa biết đến, chưa sử dụng trước Vậy đáp án C phù hợp Các đáp án khác sai không hợp nghĩa Đáp án A rare (hiếm) Đáp án B original (ban đầu) Đáp án C untried (chưa thử nghiệm) Đáp án D brilliant (tuyệt vời) Question 7: Đáp án A Key words: third paragraph, passage 2, characterizes, activists, women, suffrage movement Clue: “They were procured through the efforts of woman-suffrage societies, thoroughly organized, with active and zealous managers.” (họ thông qua nỗ lực xã hội mà phụ nữ có quyền bầu cử, với nhà quản lí hoạt động nhiệt thành) Đoạn văn mô tả tổ chức xã hội mà phụ nữ có quyền bầu cử (xem clue) Đáp án A ardent (nồng nàn) Đúng, tham khảo clue Đáp án B courageous (can đảm) Đáp án C conformist (tuân thủ) Đáp án D modest (khiêm tốn) Question 8: Đáp án A Key words: example, woman’s right, property, passage Clue: “But every one who has examined the subject at all knows that without female suffrage, TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 67 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission legislation for years has improved and is still improving the condition of women ” (Nhưng tất người xem xét vấn đề biết quyền bầu cử phụ nữ, luật pháp nhiều năm cải thiện cải thiện điều kiện sống cho phụ nữ.) Vậy đáp án A phù hợp Các đáp án khác không thông tin Question 9: Đáp án D Key words: aspect, topic, women’s voting rights, emphasized, passage2, not Bài văn số nhấn mạnh việc phụ nữ đối xử công nào: “They have the sympathy of judges and particularly of juries to an extent which would warrant loud complaint on the part of their adversaries of the sterner sex.” Bài văn số không nói đến Vậy đáp án D phù hợp Question 10: Đáp án B Bài mô tả người đàn ông người chống chọi lại với thiên nhiên (“men, who are the fighters by nature rather than themselves, ”), phụ nữ không Bài mô tả phụ nữ khả hoạt động quân đội (“all incapable of performing military duty”) Vậy đáp án B phù hợp TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 68 Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng anh phiên 1.0 Your dreams – Our mission CẤU TRÚC - TỪ VỰNG QUAN TRỌNG Constitution: Hiến pháp E.g: All that the Government can think of is to hang on to power - never mind about the constitution, democratic principle, or what is right Assert: Khẳng định E.g: I would however assert that the belief in absolute truth requires an attempt to follow it as best as possible Justice: Sự công E.g: Instead, he has pushed the church away from social justice and peace concerns Liberty: Tự E.g: In Condorcet's view modern society and individual liberty could be served only by public insfruction understood in this sense Amendment: sửa đổi E.g: There can be a further committee stage if this is required for further amendment to the legislation Abridge: Giảm bớt E.g: The magic of the original isn't dulled in this carefully abridged volume of the Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, which was nominated for the prestigious Kate Greenaway award Legislation: Pháp luật E.g: This had made them exempt from certain legislation that does not apply to the Crown TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 69 ... differences in marriage needs A patience and time B time and money C movies and music D books and the Internet ĐÁP ÁN B B C TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS C A Trang Chinh phục tập đọc hiểu tiếng... watched, and checked upon I personally have suffered from it on numerous occasions and sleep deprivation, mood swings, and depression are all in there TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang 17 Chinh... Vietnamese in Vietnam and overseas, often combining both western and eastern elements Besides the wedding ceremony, there is also an engagement ceremony which takes TOPIC – CULTURE AND POLITICS Trang