sách ngữ pháp toeic ms helen diep bí kíp đạt 990 điểm

Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 MỤC LỤC UNIT 1: Noun Danh từ UNIT 2: PRONOUNS - Đại từ UNIT 3: TENSES Chia động từ UNIT 4: Tính từ trạng từ 12 UNIT 5: PASSIVE : Bị động 19 UNIT 6: Prepositions 22 UNIT 7: MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ 27 UNIT 8: Conjunction 34 UNIT : Câu so sánh 37 UNIT 10: HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ 38 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 1: Noun Danh từ Danh từ từ để gọi tên người, vật, việc, tình trạng hay cảm xúc Danh từ chia thành hai loại chính: Danh từ chung (common nouns): danh từ dùng làm tên chung cho loại như: table (cái bàn), man (người đàn ông), wall (bức tường), happiness hạnh phúc Danh từ riêng (proper nouns): tên riêng như: Peter, Jack, England… I Vị trí danh từ Positions of a Noun Examples Chủ ngữ The cat chases a mouse Tân ngữ The cat chases a mouse Sau giới từ One of the cats Sau a/an/the / some/ my/ his A cat, the cat, some cats, your cat Sau tính từ A big cat chases a small mouse II Đuôi danh từ Noun suffixes -ancel -ence/ -encyion / -sion / -tion / Ition/-ation -ment -ty/-ity/-ety /ary Ví dụ Important importance - Decide - decision Define - definition Develop development Possible - possibility Noun suffixes -al -sis -ness -ure Ví dụ Propose - proposal Analyze - analysis Kind - kindness Fail-failure Đuôi danh từ người/vật When the suffix -ant, -or/-er, or -ee is added to a verb or and adjective, a noun which means “a person who does an action” is formed -ant -or/-er -ee Account Accountant Supervise supervisor Employ - employee Train Participate participant Contribute - contributor trainee Interview Apply - applicant Assist - Contract contractor interviewee Refuge - refugee assistant Interview – interviewer Một số danh từ bất quy tắc có đuôi tính từ AL: withdrawal / arrival/ approval :Rút tiền/ đến/ chấp thuận IVE: objective/ representative/ initiative/ alternative : mục tiêu/ đại diện/ bước đầu quan trọng/thay Những tính từ tận -al, -ial, -id, -ile, -ure: thêm đuôi -ity thành danh từ Ví dụ: Equal => (sự bình đẳng) Special => (sự đặc biệt) Partial => (tính thiên vị, không công bằng) Timid => (tính rụt rè, nhút nhát) Solid => (sự rắn chắc, vững chắc) Valid => (tính hiệu lực, giá trị pháp lý) Pure => .(sự tinh khiết) Fertile -> (sự màu mỡ) Những tính từ tận -ant hay -ent: bỏ -t, sau thêm -ce thành danh từ Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Ví dụ: Important => (sự quan trọng) Ignorant => (sự ngu dốt) Confident => (sự tự tin) Intelligent => (sự hiểu hiết, khả hiểu biết) Một số danh từ tạo nên từ động từ: cách thêm đuôi -ion/-ation/-ment: Ví dụ: Confess => (sự thú nhận) Express => (sự bày tỏ) Confuse => (sự rối loạn, mơ hồ) Organise => (tổ chức) Improve => (sự tiến bộ) Manage => (sự quản lý) Danh từ người: động từ + -or/-er/-ist/-ant Ví dụ: Manage => (người quản lý) Drive => (người lái xe) Teach => (giáo viên) Visit => (khách du lịch) Assist => (trợ lý) Consult => (tư vấn viên) Chú ý đuôi ant đuôi tính từ, có số từ đuôi ant người danh từ như: assistant, accountant,attendant, participant Ngoài số tính từ +ness / ry/ ship -> danh từ Đáp án Equal => equality (sự bình đẳng) Special => speciality (sự đặc biệt) Partial => partiality (tính thiên vị, không công bằng) Timid => timidity (tính rụt rè, nhút nhát) Solid => solidity (sự rắn chắc, vững chắc) Valid => validity (tính hiệu lực, giá trị pháp lý) Pure => purity (sự tinh khiết) Fertile -> fertility (sự màu mỡ) Important => importance (sự quan trọng) Ignorant => Ignorance (sự ngu dốt) Confident => confidence (sự tự tin) Intelligent => Intelligence (sự hiểu hiết, khả hiểu biết) Confess => confession (sự thú nhận) Express => expression (sự bày tỏ) Confuse => confusion (sự rối loạn, mơ hồ) Organise => organization (tổ chức) Improve => improvement (sự tiến bộ) Manage => management (sự quản lý) Manage => manager (người quản lý) Drive => driver (người lái xe) Teach => teacher (giáo viên) Visit => visitor (khách du lịch) Assist => assistant (trợ lý) Consult => consultant (tư vấn viên) 1.This is a …………… of recent comments from our product users A Summarize C summarizes Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 B Summary D summarized Interviewees normally have a fear of …………… A Rejection C rejected B Rejecting D to reject The book was released after it got final …………… from the author A Approved C approve B Approving D approval Once the …………… of the parking lot is completed, visitors will have no problem parking their cars A Construction C constructive B Construct D constructing The article will discuss the …………… of new commercial law A Implicates C implicating B Implicated D implications The director has asked us to send monthly …………… to Ms Shriver in the finance A Statements C states B Statement D state If you have questions regarding your purchase, please provide our staff with the relevant …………… A Informed C inform B Information D informations …………… of labor union met with management to discuss the contract for the next year A Represent C Representative B Representing D Respresentatives Recent studies have found that there are a number of …………… why customers prefer placing orders online A Reasons C reasoning B Reason D reasoned 10 …………… franchises comply with strict rules on structure or operations A Another C Most B Much D Little 11 Car emissions …………… for 40 percent of air pollution A Account C defeat B Take D care 12 Mr Keynes retired last year in order to concentrate .writing a book A On C at B For D in 13 Unfortunately, the …………… is out of order A Copier C copying B Copy D to copy 14 The R&D Department at Infor Tech is looking for …………… A Special C specializing B Specialize D specialists 15 An early …………… is required, especially in this kind of situation A Decide C to decide B Decision D decided 16 We are looking for someone with two years of …………… in the marketing field A Experiencing C experience B To experience D experienced 17 …………… can get a brochure on the second floor Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 A B 18 A B 19 A B 20 A B 21 A B 22 A B To participate C Participants Participate D Participating …………… in computer courses has increased for the past few years To enroll C Enrolls Enrollment D Enrolled You need to wear protective …………… at the construction site Cloth C clothings Clothes D clothing Your …………… in this matter will be appreciated Cooperation C cooperate Cooperating D to cooperate The recent …………… conducted by Today’s Report showed some surprising results Researching C to research Research D researched The …………… will inform you of any changes happening here Managing C managed Manager D manage Dành cho 600+ To demonstrate our appreciation to our valued…………, we are offering free tickets to new plays which received outstanding reviews from critics A Custom C Customers B Customary D Customized The customer service department is responsible for fulfilling………… from the public and has to forward them to the chief financial officer A requests C requesting B request D requested The largest in venture capital in all of North America is Vero one president, Bob Hawker A invests C investing B investor D investment As the chief administrative officer, Quincy Paxton will face exciting …………in this new job with Laval International Shipping Company A Challenge C Challenging B Challenges D challenged Even experienced clerks are encouraged to attend training…………to keep them updated on new ideas in the world of banking A materials B sessions C experiences D positions The chief financial officer of Waterhouse Inc is expressing concerning his predecessor's informative advice A appreciation C concern B pity D thankful A new approach to information asset protection will be covered in the forthcoming March………… of the magazine A issue C price B condition D promise A year-long to Gardeners' Monthly magazine costs just $85.50, and it comes with a free pair of gardening gloves Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 A subscription C warranty B entry D membership The growing number of vacant housing units on the………… for more than months implies that excessive supply still exists A sale C advertisement B place D market 10 Employees require from their immediate supervisor to take part in the leadership training A suggestion C permission B admission D supervision 11 Customers must provide that they have sufficient income to meet their monthly payments A identifications C criteria B evidence D circumstance 12 The cost_ _ provided by the building contractor for the renovation work was much higher than we anticipated A proportion C deduction B estimate D measurement 13 With Netwise Bank, you will not be charged any additional fees for online banking A deficits C expenses B transactions D providers 14 The company keeps on all business deals, accounting processes, and employment matters A documentation C dependence B encouragement D institution 15 It is very difficult for non-governmental organizations to measure the of the aid they supply to developing nations A finding C accuracy B satisfaction D effectiveness Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 2: PRONOUNS - Đại từ Number Singular Plural Vị trí Singular Plural Subject Object Pronoun Pronoun Đại từ chủ ngữ Đại từ tân ngữ Possessive Possessive Pronoun Adjective Đại từ sở hữu Tính từ sở hữu I me My Mine You You Your Yours He/she/it Him/her/it His/her/its His/ hers We us Our Ours You You Your Yours They Them Their Theirs Đứng làm chủ Đứng làm tân Tính từ + danh Không cần danh từ theo ngữ, trước động ngữ, sau động từ từ Luôn có sau từ Love you danh từ theo Danh từ đề cập I love sau trước nó, nói My book người hiểu It’s a book It’s mine Subjective pronoun Reflexive pronoun I You He She It Myself Yourself Himself Herself Itself We You They Ourselves Yourselves /Yourself Themselves Tự mình, Tương ứng với chủ ngữ, thường với by By myself : tự This +N (1 cái, đếm ): this book.That+ N: These +N( có s) : Those +N(s) :những Có thể không cần kèm với danh từ I finished writing up the report, but …………… hasn’t finished it yet Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 A Him C they B He D her Please inform …………… of any schedule changes A I C mine B My D me These are my teachers …………… names are Paul and Rita A They C them B Their D theirs Her mobile phone is broken She borrowed …………… A I C mine B My D me Jenifer Lee said that she prefers travelling by …………… to travelling with lots of people A Herself C itself B Himself D her The executives of the board …………… decided to conduct the analysis A Himself C themselves B Herself D their Companies should examine the environmental effects of …………… activities A They C themselves B Their D them Writers have produced extra ordinary work in conditions more oppressive than …………… A I C me B My D mine …………… may order any necessary office supplies from the catalog A You C Yours B Your D Yourself 10 At the meeting, the manager announced that she would prepare the presentation by …………… A Her C she B Hers D herself 11 HT’s sports bags differ from …………… of Star Track in price and quality A Those C this B These D them 12 Our company implemented a program of structural reforms, but …………… plan was unsuccessful A Those C these B They D this 13 Our line of designer clothing is more expensive than …………… of our competitors A This C that B Those D their 14 …………… salesman sold her an additional water purifier for two hundred dollars A Those C These B That D They 15 The interviewer learned that Mr Sherman had …………… of the materials in advertising and PR A Either C any B Some D another Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 3: TENSES Chia động từ 1.Thì đơn (+) S + V/ V(s;es) + Object (-) S + do/ does not + V ? (?) Do/ Does + S + V? : always; usually; often; sometimes; occasionally; ever; seldom; rarely; every Hiện tiếp diễn: (+) S + is/am/are + Ving (-) S + is/am/are not + Ving (?) Is/Am/ Are + S + Ving ? At the moment; at this time; right now; now; immediately… 3.Hiện hoàn thành (+) S + have/has + PII (-) S + have/has not + PII (?) Have/ Has + S + PII Just( vừa ); recently; lately( gần ); ever; never; already( ); yet(chưa); since( kể từ khi); for( khoảng) ; so far; until now; up to now; up to present ( tới tận ) -the first/second time - so sánh 4.Quá khứ đơn: (+) S + Ved/ PI-cột bảng Yesterday; the day before Động từ bất quy tắc yesterday; ago; already; last; in (-) S + didn’t + V + mốc thời gian khứ (?) Did + S + V 5.Quá khứ tiếp diễn (+) S + was/ were + Ving (-) S + was / were not + Ving (?) Was/ Were + S + Ving Quá khứ hoàn thành (+) S + had + PII (-) S + had not + PII (?) Had + S + PII While, when before; after; when; by(trước), by the time 7.Tương lai đơn (+) S + will/ shall + V : tomorrow; the day after (-) S + will/ shall not + V (?)Will / tomorrow; next; in+ thời gian Shall + S + V tương lai… 8.Tương lai gần: (+) S + is/am/are + going to + V (-) S + is/am/ are not + going to + V (?)Is/Am/ Are + S + going to + V (+) S + will / shall + be + Ving (-) S + will / shall not + be +Ving (?) Will / Shall + S + be + Ving 9.Tương lai tiếp diễn: This time tomorrow Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 By the time; By + mốc thời hoàn (+) S + will / shall + have + PII (-) S will/ shall not + have + PII gian / tương lai (?) Will / Shall + S + have + PII  Dạng hoàn thành tiếp diễn muốn nhấn mạnh hành động : all day, all year, for months, có kết hành động  Một số động từ cảm xúc, sở hữu, trình không để dạng tiếp diễn: love, want, like, have, start …  Cách làm : Xác định dấu hiệu nhận biết, hòa hợp động từ Động từ câu bên cạnh khứ với khứ, trừ câu since +QK, HTHT Động từ với động từ tương lai.When/ once/ as soon as HTT, TLT Chủ ngữ đứng trước giới từ mệnh đề quan hệ Chia số số nhiều với chủ ngữ Many people …………… this city every year A Visits C is visiting B Visit D was visiting Learning foreign language …………… important A is C have B are D are having The music that they listen to …………… them to relax A help C helps B are helping D helping The articles that John has written …………… difficult to understand A has been C are B was D is Taking a trip to the mountains …………… more fun than going to the beach A Are C is B Were D have been The water in this swimming pool …………… too cold A Are feeling C feels B Feel D was feeling Exercising everyday …………… good for your health A Are C were B Be D is Going to the movies last night …………… a lot of fun A Were C are B Was D being The clothes in those boxes …………… to my sister A Belong C is belonging B Was belonging D belongs 10 Some children …………… too many toys A Has C have B Has had D is having 11 We always …………… a present to Elsa on her birthday A Are taking C take B Taking D are taken 12 I …………… Michael for years A Have known C knowing B Know D was known 13 Rita …………… class every day A Not to attend C not attending B Doesn't attend D isn't attended 14 Kevin can’t talk on the phone because he …………… dinner right now 10 Tương thành lai 10 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 A For C With B Of D To The technician from the local shop always receives the same amount of money for repairs any kind A In C For B Of D With The number of innovative cars that are aimed improving energy efficiency is growing rapidly A With C On B To D At Earle Jones suggested those amendments in the contract his manager five years ago, yet they are being included only now A to C along B by D on 10 At the Job Fair held in Centropolis, prospective employers invite all unemployed residents to grab possible positions ………… their race, color, or religion, as long as they possess a professional work aptitude A regard to C regarding B regardless of D without regard 11 We are not happy to announce that due to recent cutbacks on members, we won't be able to accept new projects… further notice A except C onto B next to D until 12 The entire company offered congratulations _ Ms Xiao’s award for excellence in architecture A to C on B of D from 13 The contractors are worried that the lobby renovation plan may not comply local building codes A to B with B for D by 14 According to sources inside the company, the merger proposal with Quantum Finance is consideration A within C under B before D between 15 If you plan to rent equipment, delivery and collection times, plus insurance coverage for any damage should all be dealt with advance A in C at B of D for 26 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 7: MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (Relative clause) Định nghĩa mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề quan hệ sử dụng để đưa thêm thông tin mà không cần phải dùng thêm câu khác Kết hợp câu mệnh đề quan hệ giúp lời văn trơn tru tránh việc phải lặp từ VD: Bruno Mars just released a new song It’s called “24K Magic” Có dạng mệnh đề quan hệ - mệnh đề quan hệxác định mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định: Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clause) dùng để đưa thông tin chi tiết, xác định việc thông dụng để đưa định nghĩa Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định KHÔNG CÓ dấu phẩy VD: Trong lớp học có 10 học sinh, có học sinh hỏi giáo viên, dùng mệnh đề quan hệ để hỏi tên học sinh đó, ta hỏi: Do you know the name of the student who is asking the teacher? Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định đưa định nghĩa: A pilot is the person who controls an airplane or a ship Đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ xác định bỏ VD: The dog (which) we adopted yesterday is very cute Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (Non-defining relative clause) bổ sung thông tin thêm cho người, vật hay việc biết, không cần xác định lại Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định có sử dụng dấu phẩy VD: Trong lớp học có học sinh hỏi giáo viên, dùng mệnh đề quan hệ để hỏi tên học sinh đó, ta hỏi: - 27 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Do you know the name of the student, who is asking the teacher? Các đại từ quan hệ Who Là đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữhay đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ dùng với người VD: The new teacher will be teaching us again today He just started teaching last week Which Có trường hợp sử dụng: Là đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ hay đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ dùng với động vật đồ vật VD: Do you know where the English book is? I left it on the table Thay cho toàn câu VD: She declined the offer from that big company What a shame hich is a shame Whose Là đại từ sở hữu dùng với người, động vật đồ vật Sau whose danh từ VD: I love hanging out with Steve His humour sense is great Whom Là đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ người, thường dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định Với mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, ta thường dùng Who VD: She is married to Sam She met him in high school That Là đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ hay đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ dùng với người, động vật đồ vật Không sử dụng That mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định VD: Do you see that cat? She’s sleeping on the veranda randa? Đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ Cách xác định đại từ liên hệ chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ sau: Khi đại từ quan hệ đứng trước động từ, đại từ quan hệ Đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ (Subject pronoun) VD: Mr Anderson, who lives next door, is from America Khi đại từ quan hệ đứng trước danh từ hay đại từ, đại từ quan hệ Đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ (Object pronoun) Đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ không xuất câu VD: The woman (who) I met last night at the party was a very charming lady Trạng từ quan hệ: Trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverb) dùng thay cho cụm đại từ quan hệ + trạng từ để câu từ dễ hiểu VD: His daughterwas the reason for which he stopped smoking His daughterwas the reason why he stopped smoking 28 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Trạng từ quan hệ + Nghĩa Dùng thay When – Khi mà In which On which Ví dụ The day when I met my wife… Where – Nơi mà In which At which The place where I met my wife… Why – Lý mà For which The reason why I met my wife… Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ cách dùng participle phrases (V-ing phrase) Nếu động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể chủ động (active), ta dùng cụm phân từ (present participle phrase) thay cho mệnh đề Thao tác: Bỏ đại từ quan hệ trợ động từ, đưa động từ nguyên mẫu thêm đuôi – ing Ex: The man who is standing there is my brother => The man standing there is my brother Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night? => Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night? Rút gọn cách dùng past participle phrase (V-ed phrase) Nếu động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể bị động (passive) ta dùng cụm khứ phân từ (past participle phrase) Ex: The books which were written by Nam Cao are interesting => The books written by Nam Cao are interesting The students who were punished by teacher are lazy =>The students punished by teacher are lazy Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ to infinitive Dùng danh từ đứng trước có chữ sau bổ nghĩa: the only, the first, the second,… the last, so sánh nhất, mục đích Ex: Tom is the last person who enters the room = Tom is the last person to enter the room John is the youngest person who takes part in the race =>John is the youngest person to take part in the race Động từ HAVE/HAD Ex: I have much homework that I must => I have many homework to Đầu câu có HERE (BE), THERE (BE) Ex: There are six letters which have to be written today => There are six letters to be written today Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ dùng cụm danh từ (đồng cách danh từ) Dùng mệnh đề quan hệ tình từ có dạng: S + BE + DANH TỪ /CỤM DANH TỪ/CỤM GIỚI TỪ Cách làm: bỏ who ,which be Ex: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health => Football, a popular sport, is very good for health Do you like the book which is on the table? => Do you like the book on the table? Mệnh đề rút gọn tính từ có dạng be tính từ/cụm tính từ Có công thức rút gọn: Công thức 1: Bỏ who, which…to be -> giữ nguyên tính từ phía sau Điều kiện 1: Nếu phía trước that đại từ phiếm something, anything, anybody… Ex: There must be something that is wrong => There must be something wrong Điều kiện 2: Có dấu phẩy phía trước phải có từ tính từ trở lên Ex: My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house => My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house 29 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Công thức 2: Những trường hợp lại ta đem tính từ lên trước danh từ Ex: My grandmother, who is sick, never goes out of the house => My sick grandmother never goes out of the house I buy a hat which is very beautiful and fashionable => I buy a very beautiful and fashionable hat Tuy nhiên cụm tính từ gồm danh từ ta cách dùng V-ing mà Ex: I met a man who was very good at both English and French => I met a man being very good at both English and French Tóm lại cách rút gọn loại phức tạp tùy thuộc vào đến yếu tố: có hay nhiều tính từ – danh từ đứng trước có phải phiếm dấu phẩy hay không Mệnh đề tính từ thành tính từ ghép Cách làm: Ta rút gọn mệnh đề thành tính từ ghép cách tìm mệnh đề số đếm danh từ sau nó, sau ta để chúng kế thêm dấu gạch nối Đem tính từ ghép trước danh từ đứng truớc who, which…- phần lại bỏ hết Lưu ý: + Danh từ không thêm “s” + Chỉ dùng dạng mệnh để tính từ có số đếm + Các cụm tuổi viết lại từ gạch nối chúng (two years old two-year-old) Ex: I have a car which has four seats => I have a four-seat car I had a holiday which lasted two days => I had a two-day holiday Một số điều cần lưu ý cách dùng mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn tiếng anh Các đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ xác định lược bỏ VD: Do you know the boy (whom) we met yesterday? (Bạn có biết chàng trai mà gặp hôm qua không?) That’s the house (which) I have bought (Đó nhà mua) -Tuy nhiên đại từ quan hệ có chức tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định lược bỏ VD: Mr Tom, whom I spoke on the phone to , is very interested in our plan (Ông Tom, người mà nói chuyện điện thoại với, hứng thú với kế hoạch chúng ta) Khi danh từ nói đến tân ngữ giới từ, ta đưa giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ Trường hợp dùng Whom Which VD: Miss Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a very nice teacher (Cô Brown, người mà học năm ngoái, giáo viên tốt) Mr Cater, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan (Ông Cater, người mà nói chuyện điện thoại với tối qua, hứng thú với kế hoạch chúng ta) Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost (May mắn thay có đồ, bị lạc) Chú ý cách dùng cấu trúc mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ: all, most, none, neither, any, either, some, (a)few, both, half, each, one, two, several, many, much, + of which/whom VD: Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers (Daisy có người anh trai, giáo viên) I tried on three pairs of shoes, none of which fitted me (Tôi thử đôi giày, đôi vừa với tôi) He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer (Anh hỏi nhiều câu hỏi, hầu hết trả lời) Two boys, neither of whom I had seen before, came into my class (Hai chàng trai, không số họ gặp trước đó, vào lớp tôi) They have got two cars, one of which they seldom use (Họ có hai xe, số chúng họ sử dụng) 30 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 There were a lot of people at the meeting, few of whom I had met before (Có nhiều người họp, người số họ gặp trước đó) Sau giới từ thường which whom Whoever=anyone who Bài tập: Practice A banquet is being held in honor of the governor political career began in 1989 in an underground student movement and spanned almost quarter a century A who C which B whom D whose The Providence Hotel and Restaurant buys 500 barrels of red wine every month, half of…………are consumed by foreign guests, especially Spanish and French nationals A Every C Which B Whose D Many Government regulators are expected to begin investigating all of the ventures in ………… the investment firm has speculated A that C which B who D what 4, A team of experts is reviewing the resolutions…………contain laws against creating corporate monopolies A what C whom B that D whose The country is attracting many companies, most of………… need to restructure their operations to account for the lack of infrastructure there A which C them B that D how At the finance convention, we met with many associates………… are concerned about the stability of the global economy A who C which B Those D whom For those………… are determined to attend the seminar, tickets are available at the Human Resources Department A Who C What B Whose D their Ms Dumas, ………… excellent market analysis helped us to foresee that the takeover attempt would fail, has been promoted A whose C which B where D who is especially surprising about the survey results is that an extremely high percentage of those asked to participate actually responded A That C What B Which D It 10 the weather is nice, Mr Gordon and his teammates go to the park during their lunch hour A Wherever C Whenever B However D Whoever 11 The prize goes to comes up with the most inexpensive way to reduce overhead costs A people C those B who D whoever 31 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 12 Mr Kim knows the location of the office issues parking permits A who C themselves B it D which More practice Prospective buyers………… in purchasing a Montalvo home must pre-qualify with one of our designated lenders to secure a slot of the waiting list A interesting C interested B interest D who interested Fit For Life is a publication………… bi-monthly by the National Commission on Sports A are distributed C distributes B will distribute D distributed Donations for the purchase of necessities will help provide a brighter holiday season to people in need A seek C have sought B seeking D being sought Anyone………… extra supplies must first consult with the finance officer A would order C orders B ordering D ordered Attendance is mandatory for the staff meeting for next Tuesday in the council hall A has been scheduled C will schedule B schedule D scheduled Welton Textiles Inc made a net profit of $500 million, ………… it to fund its expansion across the continent A allowing C allowance B allows D allowably Ms Lucille Meyer received recognition for the production changes proposed A she C were B that D until Please mark the appropriate box to indicate if the person named above any of the certificates listed below A holding C holds B held D hold Remember that work-life balance issues can affect ………… in any stage of the life cycle A Who C Whoever B Whom D anyone 10 Based on performances to date, we will determine delegates will appear before the final selection panel A about C on B whom D which 11 Workers dangerous chemicals are required to wear protective goggles and gloves (A) Handled (C) Handling (B) Are handling (D) Handle 12 The building _unoccupied for three years used to be a movie theater (A) Remains (C) Remained (B) Remaining (D) Has remained 13 The new employee who joined two months ago came up with the plan (A) Amaze (C) Amazing 32 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 (B) Amazement (D) Amazed 14 We are not responsible for items lost or during delivery (A)To damage (C) Damaged (B)Damage (D) Damaging 15 For more _ information on the event please email us at the following (A) Details (C) Detail (B)Detailed (D) In detail 16 Don’t place heavy items on top of boxes fragile items (A)To contain (C) Contained (B)Contain (D) Containing 17 Please refer to the document for further information regarding this workshop (A)Enclosing (C) Enclosed (B)To enclose (D) Encloses 18 Many economists expressed concern about the impact of oil prices on the global economy (A) Rose (C) Rising (B) Rise (D) Risen 19 Patrons to check out audio – visual materials must present valid identification (A)Are wishing (C) Who wishes (B)Wished (D) Wishing 20 Newly hired staff are required to attend the orientation _ for Monday, February (A) Is scheduled (C) Scheduled (B) Schedule (D) To schedule 21 Employees _ in the office after 9:00 p.m are asked to notify the security officer when they leave (A) Remain (C) Remained (B) Are remaining (D) Remaining 33 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 8: Conjunction Conjunction ( Liên từ nối) Liên từ từ cụm từ Các từ cụm từ phải từ loại, She is a good and loyal wife Use your credit cards frequently and you'll soon find yourself deep in debt He is intelligent but very lazy She says she does not love me, yet I still love her We have to work hard, or we will fail the exam He will surely succeed, for (because) he works hard That is not what I meant to say, nor should you interpret my statement as an admission of guilt Tương liên từ They learn both English and French He drinks neither wine nor beer I like playing not only tennis but also football I don't have either books or notebooks I can't make up my mind whether to buy some new summer clothes now or wait until the prices go down Liên từ phụ thuộc Because Bởi vì: As he is my friend, I will help him As S+V Khi: We watched as the plane took off Since Whereas We had to wait, because we arrived early We had to wait because of our early arrival Because of Due Due to the storm, all the houses have been to damaged Bởi Owing to Ving/Noun On account of As a result of Although Even though Though Despite the rain, we enjoyed ourselves Although it rained, we enjoyed ourselves S+V Mặc dù Despite Inspite of Tuy nhiên However Nevertheless Ving/Noun the fact that SV The manager is competent; however, he is very strict S+V 34 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Nonetheless Đứng dấu ; , Để làm /mục đích So that In order that So as to In order to Trong While Whereas Meanwhile Bởi vì: Whereas this is a public building, it is open to everyone Trong (ngược lại): He is short, whereas you are tall Do /do Ngoài Hơn We need to study English harder so that we can pass the exam We need to study English harder so as to pass the toeic exam Therefore , hence The company’s revenue is going down; therefore, some employees are dismissed In addition , In addition to + N In addtion to the new strategy, the manager encourage his staff to increase productivity Moreover, Furthermore * Đứng dấu ; , Besides +N Về vấn đề Đến nỗi mà Khi Regarding N In regards to N This mail is in regards to your inquiry This mail is regarding your inquiry So + adj that S V So +many/much +n that S V Such + noun that Too for sb to Adj + enough for sb to This company is so professional that I would like to work here permanantly It’s such a professional company that I would like to work here permanantly After/before By the time Until/till We stayed indoors during the storm As soon as During + N We stayed indoors while the storm raged When …………… the division hired temporary workers to complete the project, the company saved more money A Even C Nevertheless B However D Since We thoroughly checked all the figures; …………… our supervisor found a number of mistakes A While C Although 35 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 B However D As …………… a downturn in the market, considerable downsizing is still needed to ensure our company’s competitiveness A Because C Due to B Nevertheless D Thus …………… tourists did not arrive in the designed area on schedule, they missed their flight A Because C Owing to B Therefore D Yet …………… concerns over weak sales, the company cannot come up with effective solutions A Thanks to C Because B Despite D Even though …………… several flaws, their proposal for the shopping complex was adopted A Despite of C Even though B Unless D Because of Meetings were postponed …………… unexpected power failures A Despite C While B As a result of D Nonetheless The company provides not only reliable information …………… also valuable skills A And C Or B But D So 10 Please make sure that newspapers should be placed …………… in the black bins or next to the compy machine A Not only C For B Neither D Either 11 they were tired, they worked overtime A Because C in spite B Since D.although 12 Neither Ms Chen Mr Mart was able to attend the seminar A nor C after B while D.when 13 The soccer games wont be postponed .it looks like rain A Because C even though B Since D as 14 Restaurant food handlers must wear gloves .health regulations A because of C because B since D.though 15 Please answer the phone it rings A during C.When B because D since 36 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT : Câu so sánh so sánh as+adj/adv+ as He is as tall as me Gấp lần he is twice as rich as me / he is times as rich as me Động từ thường + trạng từ he drives as carefully as me so sánh ( so sánh 2) Tính từ ngắn: âm tiết: tall, big, small Hai âm tiết Thì có đuôi y happy, clever, narrow, quiet Adj + er + than She is taller than me I am cleverer than her Tính từ dài : âm tiết trở lên: beautiful, graceful, attractive More + adj + than I am more beautiful than her Muốn nhấn mạnh dùng much/ far/ a lot I am much taller than her/ I am far more beautiful than her so sánh ( in/ of) So sánh người/ vật trở lên The + adj+est She is the tallest student in the class The most + adj dài She is the most attractive in the party You should hand in the sales report to the boss as …………… as possible A Quick C quicker B Quickly D quickest This year’s salary increase is as …………… as that of last year A Largely C largest B Larger D large The productivity of the factory became …………… than before A Low C lower B Much low D as lower The usage of the device was …………… more difficult than I had thought A A lot C many B Very D so Ms.Pitt is the …………… employee in the Sales Department A Reliable C more reliable B Most reliable D Reliablest You should submit it by Friday at the …………… A Late C later B Latest D most One of the …………… international conferences will be held in this country A Bigger C most biggest B As big D biggest The cost of living was not so …………… as we had expected A High C highest B Higher D as high I’ve read a couple of different articles on Franklin Roosevelt, who was a much president than Barack Obamna has been so far A Boldness C bolder B Boldest D boldly 10 He was qualified of all the applicants A Less C the least B Least D the less 37 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 UNIT 10: HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ Phần 1: Kiến thức ôn tập Danh từ chia động từ số ít, danh từ số nhiều chia đt số nhiều Danh từ đứng trước giới từ mệnh đề quan hệ The analysis of many surveys is completely accurate The girl who is taking to my kids is my assistant Tham khảo thêm  Sau 20 quy tắc ngắn gọn hòa hợp chủ ngữ động từ: Danh từ số ít, Đại từ số ít, Động từ nguyên dạng, Danh động từ, Câu phụ làm chủ ngữ > Động từ số Ví dụ: The book is on the table To work hard is necessary Chủ ngữ số nhiều > động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: Children like to play toys Trong câu đảo, động từ thống với chủ ngữ phía sau Ví dụ mở đầu "here, there" "be" thống với số chủ ngữ phía sau Ví dụ: There is a dog near the door There were no schools in this area before liberation Here comes the bus Nếu "and" nối có quan hệ đẳng lập động từ dùng số nhiều Nếu sau chủ ngữ là: with, together with, except, but, perhaps, like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than > động từ cần phù hợp với chủ ngữ thứ Ví dụ : Jane, Mary and I are good friends Every picture except these two has been sold Alice with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time Tuy có "and" thể quan hệ đẳng lập người, vật hay khái niệm động từ dùng số Chú ý danh từ sau "and" không dùng mạo từ Ví dụ: Bread and butter is their daily food The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow "and" nối hai danh từ số mà trước có " each, every, no, many a" dùng động từ số Ví dụ: Every boy and girl has been invited to the party No teacher and no student is absent today each, either, one, another, the other, neither làm chủ ngữ dùng động từ số Ví dụ: Each takes a cup of tea Either is correct Neither of them likes this picture Chủ ngữ "every, some, any, no" kết hợp tạo thành, dùng động từ số Ví dụ: Is everyone here? Đại từ quan hệ "who, that, which" làm chủ ngữ động từ mệnh đề tính ngữ thống với 38 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 từ phía trước mà chúng thay Ví dụ: Those who want to go please sign their names here Anyone who is against this opinion may speak out 10 Danh từ số nhiều ,hoặc nhóm từ thời gian, giá cả, cự ly, đo lường nhìn chỉnh thể, dùng động từ số Ví dụ: Three years is not a long time 11 Danh từ riêng có hình thức số nhiều nhìn nhận chỉnh thể tên người, địa điểm, quốc gia, tổ chức, sách báo dùng động từ số Ví dụ: The United States is in North America 12 Khi số danh từ tập hợp là: family, team, group, class, audience, government làm chủ ngữ: Nếu nhìn nhận chỉnh thể dùng động từ số Nếu nhấn mạnh tập hợp thành viên dùng động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: My family is going to have a long journey My family are fond of music 13 all, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest làm chủ ngữ số nhiều, số hình thức động từ phải vào tình hình cụ thể mà định Ví dụ: All of the apple is rotten All of the apples are rotten Most of the wood was used to make furniture 14 the + tính từ (hoặc phân từ) thường lớp loại nên dùng động từ số nhiều Nhưng khái niệm trừu tượng động từ dùng số Ví dụ: The young are usually very active The wounded are being taken good care of here now 15.Cấu trúc or , either or , neither nor , whether or, not only but (also) làm chủ ngữ, động từ chủ ngữ phía sau định Ví dụ: Not only you but also he is wrong 16 Danh từ không đếm làm chủ ngữ dùng động từ số Ví dụ: The news at six o'clock is true 17 Danh từ tập hợp: people, police, cattle làm chủ ngữ dùng động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: The police are searching for him 18 "population" có nghĩa "dân số" dùng động từ số Nếu có nghĩa "số người" dùng động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: The population of China is larger than that of Japan One third of the population here are workers 19 the number of + Danh từ số nhiều để "con số" dùng động từ số ; a (large / great) number of + Danh từ số nhiều để "nhiều "thì dùng động từ số nhiều Ví dụ: The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year 20 means, politics, physics, plastics làm chủ ngữ dùng động từ số 39 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com/Helen1188 0984996598 Phần 2: Bài tập ôn tập Many companies criticized the government’s bill (A) Have (C) Having (B) To have (D) Has The committee the proposed nonsmoking policy (A) Reject (C) Rejected (B) Rejecting (D) To reject The new museum to attract many tourists (A) Continue (D) Continuity (B) Continues (C) Continuing The contents of this report thoroughly checked for errors (A) Is (C) Was (B) Are (D) Be Some of the pens in the shipment faulty parts and cannot be used (A) Has (C) Was (B) Is (D) Have The article that the population of the world is increasing (A) Saying (C) is said (B) Says (D) Say The president and the vice president in the conference room (A) Are (C) is (B) Being (D) Was Every country _ interested in the global trade issue (A) Have (C) is (B) Are (D) has Tim Scott, the founder and CEO of the company, in 2000 (A) Died (C) Is died (B) Die (D) Is dying Fortunately, neither the driver nor the passenger’s injured (A) Had (C) were (B) Has (D) was 10 Physics _ one of my favorite subjects (A) Be (C) are (B) To be (D) is 40 ... effectiveness Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com /Helen1 188 0984996598 UNIT 2: PRONOUNS - Đại từ Number Singular Plural Vị trí Singular Plural Subject Object Pronoun Pronoun Đại từ chủ ngữ Đại từ tân ngữ Possessive... Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com /Helen1 188 0984996598 Do you know the name of the student, who is asking the teacher? Các đại từ quan hệ Who Là đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữhay đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ. .. the marketing department, Ms Smith, all the statistics that were needed for the report A to provide C provide B provided D Providing 11 Ms Huong Toeic facebook.com /Helen1 188 0984996598 UNIT