CẬP NHẬT TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI CÔNG CHỨC MÔN THI TIN HỌC MỚI NHẤT

C5 You can live without air conditioning and indoor plumbing, but there are sometrue necessities of life You can't survive for long without food, water, sleep, or airSurvival experts app

ĐÁP ÁN TIẾNG ANH PHẦN ĐỌC HIỂU THI CÔNG CHỨC TỈNH

QUẢNG NGÃI 2017

THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆUĐây là bài mẫu tiếng anh phần đọc hiểu mình đã soạn theo ngân hàng đề thi tiếnganh công chức 2017 do Sở nội vụ tỉnh quảng ngãi công bố, Khi đi thi, máy tính sẽbốc ngẫu nhiên 25 câu trong phạm vi cho sẵn, trong đó gồm 10 câu trắc nghiệm, 1bài đọc hiểu gồm 5 câu và 1 bài điền từ gồm 10 câu, nên các bạn chỉ cần học thuộctrong này và nhớ đáp án là làm được bài nhé chúc mọi người ôn thi tốt

ĐÁP ÁN TIẾNG ANH PHẦN ĐỌCHIỂU THI CÔNG CHỨC TỈNH QUẢNG NGÃI

2017

READING COMPREHENSION (20) C1.c Researchers from the University ofArizona studied colonies of rock ants across the western US, both by followingthem in the wild and by taking whole colonies back to the lab.They found thatcertain risky behaviours, like foraging widely for food and responding aggressively

to a threat, went together, and colonies further north tended to take more of theserisks The study suggests those more adventurous personalities could

be an adaptation to the limited window of activity left by the long, snowy northern

winter

Where did the ants studied by the Arizona scientists live?

A In colonies across the eastern US

B In colonies across the western US

C In colonies across the southern US

D In colonies across the northern US

What ants which look for food further from their nests tend to if they face danger?

A They respond aggressively to it

B They leave the dangerous place

C They call for herds to come

D They don’t react

The characteristics of ants?

A Ants are a social species, living in a large corporation

B Ant is an individual living species

C Ants react wildly to threats

D A&C are correct

Which word means ‘change their behaviour to fit a particular situation’?

So the UK survives Pro-independence campaigners say they're disappointed, but

insist the high turnout shows there's an appetite for change Few would disagree,

and accept the result doesn't mean Britain goes back to business as usual In thehours and days ahead, the Prime Minister David Cameron and the other partyleaders will now have to deliver on their promise in the last days of the campaign

to give Scotland more powers And no-one believes that can be done without awider shake-up of how the rest of the UK is governed Scotland stay in the UnitedKingdom after

A rejection independence

B reject in independence

C rejecting independence

D reject thing independence

Several polls in the weeks before the vote

A showed a smaller lead

B showed a small lead

C showed a smallish lead

D showed a smallest lead

However, on the day, there was

those who switch from the car to an active commute feel better across a range of

psychological measures, including concentration, decision making and the ability

to face up to problems The researchers say policies encouraging people to leavetheir cars at home could have a dramatic impact on public wellbeing The benefits

of walking or cycling?

A Improve people's feelings of health

B Improve people's feelings happiness

C Improve people's feelings of health and happiness

D Improve people's feelings of health and tiredness

The “least worst” of commuting for many people?

A Walking

B Cycling

C Travelling by public transport

D All correct

Why people feel better across a range of psychological measures?

A Because they switch from the car to an active commute

B Because they switch from the walking to an active commute

C Because they switch from the walking or cyling to the car

D Because they switch from the car to the walking or cyling

The effect of leaving cars at home?

A dramatic impact on health

B dramatic impact on environment

C dramatic impact on public wellbeing

D dramatic impact on economy #####

C4 The Earth's protective ozone layer is starting to repair itself, according to apanel of United Nations scientists The main reason behind its recovery, they say, isthe fact that certain chemicals, such as those used in aerosol cans, were graduallybanned in the 1980s It was in the 1980s that many of us became aware that smallindividual actions could harm the planet itself.Hairsprays were cited as one of thecauses of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer People were told to wear sunscreen

to avoid skin cancer as the layer thinned and more UV light got through.By 1987world governments had agreed to ban most of the ozone-eating chemicals.TheWorld Meteorological Organisation say at last the ozone layer is showing signs ofthickening, although it will be a while before they know if the hole is actuallyhealing.The same organisation warned earlier this week that climate change washeading in the opposite direction with greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at arecord level What's going on with ozone?

A finishing to repair itself

B starting to repair itself

C starting to repair atmosphere

D Being contaminated

The main reason behind its recovery?

A It’s certain chemicals

B It’s used in aerosol cans

C A&B are correct

D A&B are wrong

What were cited as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer?

A Trash

B Hairsprays

C Vehicle

D Factory

How the government protects the ozone layer in 1987?

A They ban most of the ozone-eating chemicals

B They put forth the policy of environmental protection

C Ban on chemical production

D Family planning

What the organisation warned earlier this week?

A The atmosphere was deteriorating

B The ozone layer was thinner

C Higher solar radiation

D climate change was heading in the opposite direction with greenhouse gases inthe atmosphere at a record level #####

C5 You can live without air conditioning and indoor plumbing, but there are sometrue necessities of life You can't survive for long without food, water, sleep, or airSurvival experts apply the ‘rule of threes’ to lasting without essentials You can goabout three weeks without food, three days without water, three hours withoutshelter, and three minutes without air However, the ‘rules’ are more like generalguidelines Obviously, you can last a lot longer outside when it's warm than whenit's freezing Similarly, you can last longer without water when it's humid and coolthan when it's hot and dry.The technical name for starvation is inanition It isextreme malnutrition and calorie deficiency A starving person is less sensitive tothirst, so sometimes death is from the effects of dehydration Vitamin deficiencymay also lead to death If a person lasts long enough, the body starts using protein

from muscles, including the heart, as an energy source Usually, the cause of death

is cardiac arrest from tissue damage and electrolyte imbalance What is thenecessities of life?

A Air conditioning and indoor plumbing

B Food, water, sleep, or air

C Family and community

D All are correct

The rule that survival experts apply?

D All are correct #####

C6 Water is an essential molecule for life Depending on your age, gender, and

weight, you consist of around 50-65% water, which is used to digest food, carryoxygen and nutrients through the bloodstream, remove wastes, and cushion organsSince water is so critical, it should come as no surprise that dying from dehydration

is an unpleasant way to go Oh, in the end, a victim is unconscious, so the actual

dying part isn't so bad, but that only occurs after days of pain and misery.Lack ofwater causes cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough Coughing won't be the worst,though While you might be out of fluids, that won't prevent vomiting Theincreased acidity of the stomach can produce dry heaves Blood thickens,increasing heart rate Another unpleasant result of dehydration is a swollen tongueWhile your tongue swells, your eyes and brain shrink As the brain shrinks, themembrane or meninges pulls away from the bones of the skull, potentially tearingDeath can result from liver failure, kidney failure, or cardiac arrest What

is an essential molecule for life?

A Air

B Water

C Food

D Shelter

Why is water so important?

A digest food

B carry oxygen and nutrients

C remove wastes and cushion organs

D All are correct

The consequence of lack of water in the body?

A cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough

B Causing unconsciousness

C Illness

D Deadly

What happens when tongue swells?

A Eyes and brain shrink

B Eyes and brain swelling

C Eyes and brain cracking

D Eyes and brain dry

Death is the result of?

A Liver failure B Kidney failure

C Cardiac arrest

D All are correct #####

C7.Any new parent can verify it's possible to go days without sleeping Yet,

it's an essential process While scientists are still unraveling the mysteries of sleep,

it's known to play roles in memory formation, tissue repair, and hormone synthesisLack of sleep (called agrypnia) leads to decreased concentration and reaction time,diminished mental processes, reduced motivation, and altered perception.How long

can you go without sleep? Anecdotal reports indicate soldiers in battle have beenknown to stay awake for four days and that manic patients have lasted three to fourdays Experiments have documented normal people staying awake for eight to tendays, without any apparent permanent damage after a night or two of normal sleep

to recover.The world record holder was Randy Gardner, a 17-year-old high schoolstudent, who stayed awake for 264 hours, around 11 days, for a science fair project

in 1965 While he was technically awake at the conclusion of the project, he wascompletely dysfunctional by the end.However, there are rare disorders, such asMorvan's syndrome, which can cause a person to go without sleep for severalmonths! The question of how long people can stay awake ultimately remainsunanswered What is the role of sleep? A Memory formation, tissue repair, andhormone synthesis B Memory formation, tissue repair, and metabolically CMemory formation, improve immune system, and hormone synthesis D Increasedlongevity, tissue repair, and hormone synthesis The impact of lack of sleep? ADecreased concentration and reaction time B Diminished mental processes CReduced motivation, and altered perception D All are correct How many daysordinary people may not sleep? A – days B 6- days C – 10 days D 10 – 12 daysWhat syndrome that person not sleep for months? A Morvan's syndrome B Lack ofsleep syndrome C Insomnia syndrome D Incubus syndrome According to research,how long can a person sleep? A 10 – 12 days B – 10 days C 6- days D There is noanswer ##### C8.How long a person can go without air is really a question of howlong he can go without oxygen It's further complicated if other gases are presentFor example, breathing the same air over and over is more likely to be lethalbecause of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depleted oxygen Death fromremoving all oxygen,like a vacuum, may occur from the results of the pressurechange or possibly temperature change.When the brain is deprived of oxygen,death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed brain cells Howlong this takes depends on temperature, metabolic rate, slower is better, and otherfactors.If oxygen deprivation occurs some other way, perhaps from drowning, forexample, a person loses consciousness between 30 and 180 seconds At the 60

second mark brain cells start to die After three minutes, lasting damage is likelyBrain death typically occurs between five and ten minutes, possibly fifteenminutes.However, people can train themselves to make more efficient use ofoxygen The world record holder for free diving held his breath for 22 minutes and

22 seconds without suffering brain damage! What is the content of the article? ABreath B Food C Enviroment D Air Why breathing the same air over and over ismore likely to be lethal? A Because of the excess carbon dioxide rather than thedepleted oxygen B Because it lacks some important air C Because there’s notenough chemical energy D Because it slows down metabolism What happens whenthe brain has not oxygen? A Death occurs because of swelling of the brain B Deathoccurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed brain cells C Deathoccurs because the brain cells die D Death occurs because the brain is notmetabolized When the brain starts dying when drowning? A At the 60 second markbrain cells start to die B After three minutes, lasting damage is likely C A & B arecorrect D A & B are wrong How long the man who holds the world record for freediving? A 20 minutes and 22 seconds B 21 minutes and 22 seconds C 22 minutesand 22 seconds D 21 minutes and 21 seconds #####

C9 Studies suggest that teenagers often sacrifice their sleep time when it comes tomaking choices about time management The problem is, studies also show thatthey need a lot more sleep than they probably get More and more studies areshowing that there is a direct link between sleep and academic success.According

to a study by sleep expert Mary Carskadon, PhD, teens should receive more thannine hours of sleep every night.Dr Carskadon's study suggests biology might be thecause for sleep deprivation among teens Their internal time clocks are just a littledifferent during teenage years and late nights and sleep-ins are a natural part ofgrowing into adulthood.Lack of sleep makes it more difficult for students toconcentrate in school, especially during those early-morning classes.A more recentstudy shows that sacrificing sleep to study actually does more harm than good The

sleep that you miss when you stay up late to study will cause ‘academic problems’the following day It's just not worth sacrificing sleep to study!

What is the content of the article?

C10 What can you if you know you aren't getting enough sleep?Turn off the TV atnight The TV noises and flashing lights will only keep you from getting a soundsleep If you can remember anything you hear during your sleep, it's a sure signyou're not sleeping well.Reduce caffeine by switching to something healthier, likebottled water.Limit after-school activities It's hard to do, but try to limit yourextracurricular activity Sometimes you just have to make a hard choice and stick toit.Don't think too hard right before bed time Turn off the cell phone Keep track oftime Often, students have great intentions, but other tasks seem to keep them uplate, time after time Play music if you want, but not too loud Many people playmusic at night If it doesn't bother you, go ahead Do you really need that after-school job? This might be a really tough decision, too Some students need to work

so they can pay for car insurance or save up for college You'll just have to decide

on your own, what's necessary and what's not

According to the passage, what can you if you know you aren't getting enoughsleep?

A Take sleeping pills

B Turn off the TV at night

C Listen to music

D Do not eat before going to bed

What should we to avoid sleeplessness?

A Reduce caffeine

B Turn off the cell phone

C Keep track of time

D All are correct

What are the signs of not having good sleep? 10

A Remember anything you hear during your sleep

B Think about the day's work

C Imagine bad things

D Turn yourself down

By the text, what you want to emphasize?

A Insomnia B difficulty sleeping

C sleep walking

D nightmare

What the author recommends?

A Reduce caffeine by switching to something healthier

B Try to limit your extracurricular activity

C Turn off the cell phone and keep track of time

D All are correct #####

C11 Sleeping in the ocean is definitely different than sleeping on land As we learnmore about sleep in marine life, we're learning that marine animals don't have thesame requirements for long periods of undisturbed sleep that we Here you canlearn more about how different types of marine animals sleep.Cetaceans,i.e whales,dolphins and porpoises are voluntary breathers, meaning they think about everybreath they take A whale breathes through the blowholes on top of its head, so itneeds to come up to the water surface to breathe But that means the whale needs to

be awake to breathe How's a whale going to get any rest? The answer may surpriseyou Research on captive animals shows that cetaceans rest one half of their brain at

a time, while the other half stays awake and makes sure the animal breathes.Sharksneed to keep water moving over their gills so that they receive oxygen So thatmeans they need to keep moving all the time or they? Some sharks need to moveall the time, and these sharks seem to be ‘sleep swimming,’ with some parts oftheir brain more active than others Other sharks can rest, using spiracles to draw inoxygenated water

What is the content of the article?

A Sleeping in the ocean

B Life in the ocean C Sea animals

D Sleeping in the ground

How whale breathing?

A Breathes through the blowholes on top of its head

B It needs to come up to the water surface to breathe C A&B are correct

D A&B aren’t correct

How whale breathing to rest? 11

A Cetaceans rest one half of their brain at a time, while the other half stays awakeand makes sure the animal breathes B Cetaceans rest one half of their brain at few,while the other half stays awake and makes sure the animal breathes

C Cetaceans rest one half of their brain at a time, while the other half stays sleepand makes sure the animal breathes

D Cetaceans rest one half of their brain at a time, while the other half stays awakeand don’t breathes

How sharks breathing?

A Sharks rest one half of their brain at a time

B The other half stays awake and makes sure the animal breathes

C Sharks need to keep water moving over their gills so that they receive oxygen

D All are correct

Compare breathing between whales and sharks?

A Whales breathe on the water, sharks breathe underwater

B Sharks breathe on the water, whales breathe underwater

C Whales breathe less than sharks

D Whales need more air than sharks #####

C12 Money doesn't have any inherent value Unless you enjoy looking at pictures

of deceased national heroes, money has no more use than any other piece of paper

until, as a country and an economy, we assign value to it At that point, it does have

value, but the value isn't inherent; it's assigned and generally agreed upon by usersworldwide It didn't always work this way In the past, money generally took theform of coins composed of precious metals such as gold and silver.The value of thecoins was roughly based on the value of the metals they contained, because youcould always melt the coins down and use the metal for other purposes Until a fewdecades ago paper money in different countries was based on the gold standard orsilver standard or some combination of the two This meant that you could takesome paper money to the government, who would exchange it for some gold or

some silver based on an exchange rate set by the government The gold standard

lasted until 1971 when President Nixon announced that the United States would nolonger exchange dollars for gold This ended the Bretton Woods system, which will

be the focus of a future article Now the United States is on a system of fiat money,which is not tied to any other commodity So these pieces of paper in your pocketare just that: pieces of paper

By the text, what is the author talking about?

A Money

B Value of money C Denomination of money 12

D Use the money

What is the form of money before? A Money generally took the form of coinscomposed of precious metals such as gold and silver

B Money generally took the form of coins composed of precious metals such asalloy

C Money generally took the form of coins composed of precious metals such asdenominations