Prepared by Paula Funkhouser University of Nevada, Reno Core Concepts of Accounting Information Systems, 13th Edition Mark G Simkin ● Jacob M Rose ● Carolyn S Norman Organizing and Manipulating the Data in Databases Chapter Chapter 8: Organizing and Manipulating the Data in Databases • • • • Introduction Creating Database Tables in Microsoft Access Entering Data in Database Tables Extracting Data from Databases: Data Manipulation Languages • Cloud Databases and Data Warehouses Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Database Tables in Microsoft Access • Database Management Systems • An Introduction to Microsoft Access • Creating Database Tables • Defining a Record Format • Creating Relationships Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Database Management Systems • Overview – Not a database – Separate software system • Functions – Enables users to utilize database information more efficiently • Examples – Access, Alpha 5, and Filemaker Pro Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Introduction to Microsoft Access • A popular relational database • Used by many businesses and individuals • Used for small database applications Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Microsoft Access – Initial Menu and Opening Screen Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Database Tables – Defining Record Format • Field Name - Required – Names assigned to the data fields • Data Type - Required – Specified for each data field • Field properties – Identifies how to store the data – field properties • Description - Optional – Defines record structures • Identifying a Primary Key • Saving a Table Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Database Tables – Record Format Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Relationships • Purpose – Link tables together – Enable users to create multi-table reports • Steps in Creating Relationships – Select tables – Link the tables Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Database Relationships – Linking Tables 10 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Select Queries • One-Table Select Queries – Creates a dynaset – Based on: • Criteria determining which records to include • Criteria determining which fields to include from those records – Single or Multiple Criteria 25 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Query Example 26 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Select Query Example 27 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Multi-Table Select Query Example 28 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Multi-Table Select Query Example 29 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Creating Action Queries • • • • • Make-table queries Append queries Update queries Crosstab quires Delete quires 30 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Query Wizard Queries • Access query Wizard Find-Duplicates quires Find-unmatched quires 31 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Guidelines for Creating Queries • • • • • Spell accurately and be case sensitive Specify AND and OR operations correctly Tables must be joined properly Name queries systematically Choose data fields selectively 32 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Extracting Data From Databases • Structured Query Language (SQL) • Example of SQL Instructions 33 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Extracting Data From Databases • Sorting, Indexing, and Database Programming – Sort – rewrites the records on disk – Indexing – sorts on a key but does NOT rewrite the records on disk • Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) – Complex, multidimensional data analysis – Pivot tables 34 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Extracting Data From Databases • Data Mining – Utilize a set of data analysis and statistical tools – Identify relationships, patterns, or trends 35 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Cloud Databases • Cloud Databases – – – – Form of Internet-based Computing Software provided through the Internet Processing occurs on a Web of computers Expands IT capabilities • Database-As-A-Service (DAAS) – Outsourcing of databases • Backup Services 36 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Data Warehouses • Pools of data from separate applications – Rarely current • Characteristics – – – – Free of errors Defined uniformly Span longer timeframe than transaction systems Optimized data relationships 37 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Study Break #3 All of the following are examples of action queries except: A Update query B Append query C Delete query D Find missing data query 38 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved Study Break #4 SQL is an example of: A A tool to perform online analytical processing B A database management system C A query language D A multimedia database 39 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc All rights reserved ... Data Manipulation Languages • Schema – All information in a database – All relationships of the tables – Map of entire database • Subschema – Subset of the schema 23 Copyright © 2015 John Wiley... All rights reserved Database Management Systems • Overview – Not a database – Separate software system • Functions – Enables users to utilize database information more efficiently • Examples... Drop-Down Lists • Validation Rules – Create rules that limit range of values that may be entered • Referential Integrity – Deleting of information disallowed when it would disrupt references 15 Copyright