VIII-Grammar in use. A-Present perfect. 1-Structure Have Ved/PII(QKPT) *Ved work -> worked *PII do ->did ->done 2-Usages a-have just Ved/PII -come back home ->came->come ->She has just come back home. -start ->started ->The class has just started. b-have already Ved/PII -do homework.->did->done ->I have already done my homework -clean the floor.->cleaned -> She has already cleaned the floor. c-have never Ved/PII before. -meet …-.met->met -> I have never met him before. -learn ->learned/learnt ->He has never learned French before. d-have ever Ved/PII -eat ->ate->eaten I have ever eaten with spoons. -work ->worked ->I have ever worked in HN e-have ……Ved/PII…… for… -teach->taught ->She has taught English for ten years. -live->lived ->He has lived in London for 5 years. f-have ……Ved/PII…… since…. -know ->knew ->known ->I have known him since 1990 -move ->moved ->I have moved to London since 2005 g-haven’t/hasn’t…Ved/PII yet. -buy ->bought >He hasn’t bought his son a bike yet. -finish ->finished ->They haven’t finished their work yet. h-Have/Has…S…Ved/PII….yet? -tell->told ->Have you told her about that yet? -talk ->talked ->Have you talked to them yet? 3-Pre for or since a-for b-since c-until now d-so far=up to now **for or since a- .a day. b- .a day ago. c- .last week/yesterday d- seven o’clock. e- .two years. f- ages/years g- It is three days I last h- .1990 i- .last May. j- .some days. k- .few hours ago. l- a few hours. m- I was a boy. n- .she left school. 4-Questions a-How long have S QKPT ? for *Note. 1- How long he (learn) English? 2- How long it (take) you to get to school? 3- How long the road (be)? 4- How long they (teach) here? 5- How long you (live) in Hanoi? 6- How long your ruler (be)? 7- How long she (work) in London? 8- How long it (take) you to do your homework last night? 9- How long THD street (be) last year? 10 -How long they (play) football? b-Since when .? since …since 1990 …since I was ten *Note. When -When did you start learning English? Since when have you learned English? *How long ago = When ? 5-have been to or have gone to *been to *gone to a- He is in bed. He has to Hanoi. b- He is out. He has to the market. c- I have bought a lot of vegetables. I have to the supermarket. d- She isn’t at home now. She has to school. e-I have ever .to London. f- She is tired. She has to China. g-I think she is now in class. She has .to the principal’s room. h-Has your son ever to Paris? 6-Similar one a- have not for KTG ->It is KTG since S last ->S last KTG ago. ->The last time S was KTG ago. *He hasn’t visited HCM city for a year. ->It is a year since he last visited HCM city. ->He last visited HCM city a year ago. ->The last time he visited HCM city was a year ago. *They haven’t seen her for two weeks. ->It is two weeks since they last saw her. ->They last saw her two weeks ago. ->the last time they saw her was two weeks ago. *I haven’t been to Hanoi for some months. ->it is some months since I last went to HN. ->I last went to HN some months ago. -> The last time I went to HN was some months ago. b- never before. ->S have never…… .before. ->Never have S…… .before. ->It is the first time S have . *I have never been to London before. -Never have I been to LD before. -It is the first time I have been to LD. *She has never talked to Mr Ba before. ->Never has she …. ->It is the first time she has talked to Mr Ba. *They have never drunk wine before. ->Never have they… -.It is the first time they have drunk wine. c-S started Ving = S have been Ving ( KTG ago ->for KTG since ->in .) *He started teaching Math a month ago. -He has been teaching Math for a month *She started working in LD in 1998. ->She has been working in LD since 1998. *They started living in Vietnam a year ago ->They have been living in VN for a year. *I started studying English ten years ago. ->I have been studying E for ten years. d- have already P2/ved = have finished Ving I have already done my homework ->I have finished doing my homework. *We have already studied the first lesson. ->We have finished studying the first lesson. *She has already cleaned the floor. -She has finished cleaning the floor. *He has already painted the wall. ->He has finished painting the wall. . VIII-Grammar in use. A-Present perfect. 1-Structure Have Ved/PII(QKPT) *Ved work -> worked *PII do ->did