CHUYEN DE HOP CHAT THOM TRONG DE THI DH

CHUYấN : CC HP CHT THM Cõu (A-2007) Cho s Cl2 (tỉ lệ mol 1:1) NaOH (đặc, dư) axit HCl C6 H6 (benzen) X Y Z Fe, t0 t0 cao, p cao Hai cht hu c Y, Z ln lt l: A C6H6(OH)6, C6H6Cl6 B C6H4(OH)2, C6H4Cl2 C C6H5OH, C6H5Cl D C6H5ONa, C6H5OH Cõu (A-2007) Phỏt biu khụng ỳng l: A Axit axetic phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly dung dch mui va to cho tỏc dng vi khớ CO2 li thu c axit axetic B Phenol phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly mui va to cho tỏc dng vi dung dch HCl li thu c phenol C Anilin phn ng vi dung dch HCl, ly mui va to cho tỏc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c anilin D Dung dch natri phenolat phn ng vi khớ CO2, ly kt ta va to cho tỏc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c natri phenolat Cõu (B-2007) Cỏc ng phõn ng vi cụng thc phõn t C8H10O (u l dn xut ca benzen) cú tớnh cht: tỏch nc thu c sn phm cú th trựng hp to polime, khụng tỏc dng c vi NaOH S lng ng phõn ng vi cụng thc phõn t C8H10O, tho tớnh cht trờn l A B C D Cõu (B-2007) Dóy gm cỏc cht u lm giy qu tớm m chuyn sang mu xanh l: A anilin, metyl amin, amoniac B amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit C anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit D metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat Cõu (B-2007) S cht ng vi cụng thc phõn t C7H8O (l dn xut ca benzen) u tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l A B C D Cõu (B-2007) Cho cỏc cht: etyl axetat, anilin, ancol (ru) etylic, axit acrylic, phenol, phenylamoni clorua, ancol (ru) benzylic, p-crezol Trong cỏc cht ny, s cht tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l A B C D Cõu (B-2007) Cú cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng riờng bit l mt nhón Thuc th phõn bit cht lng trờn l A dung dch phenolphtalein B nc brom C dung dch NaOH D giy quỡ tớm Cõu (C-2007) Cho cỏc cht sau: phenol, etanol, axit axetic, natri phenolat, natri hiroxit S cp cht tỏc dng c vi l A B C D Cõu (C-2007) Hp cht hu c X (phõn t cú vũng benzen) cú cụng thc phõn t l C7H8O2, tỏc dng c vi Na v vi NaOH Bit rng cho X tỏc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v X ch tỏc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1 Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A C6H5CH(OH)2 B HOC6H4CH2OH C CH3C6H3(OH)2 D CH3OC6H4OH Cõu (A-2008) Trung ho 5,48 gam hn hp gm axit axetic, phenol v axit benzoic, cn dựng 600 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M Cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c hn hp cht rn khan cú lng l A 8,64 gam B 6,84 gam C 4,90 gam D 6,80 gam Cõu (A-2008) S ng phõn hirocacbon thm ng vi cụng thc phõn t C8H10 l A B C D Cõu (B-2008) Cho s chuyn hoỏ sau: Br2 (1:1mol), Fe, t NaOH (dư), t HCl (dư) Toluen X Y Z 0,p Trong ú X, Y, Z u l hn hp ca cỏc cht hu c Z cú thnh phn chớnh gm A m-metylphenol v o-metylphenol B benzyl bromua v o-bromtoluen GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh C o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen D o-metylphenol v p-metylphenol Cõu (B-2008) nh hng ca nhúm -OH n gc C6H5- phõn t phenol th hin qua phn ng gia phenol vi A dung dch NaOH B Na kim loi C nc Br2 D H2 (Ni, nung núng) Cõu (B-2008) Cho dóy cỏc cht: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CH-COOH, C6H5NH2 (anilin), C6H5OH (phenol), C6H6 (benzen) S cht dóy phn ng c vi nc brom l A B C D Cõu (C-2008) Cho dóy cỏc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol S cht dóy phn ng c vi NaOH (trong dung dch) l A B C D Cõu (A-2009) Hirocacbon X khụng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng Tờn gi ca X l A etilen B xiclopropan C xiclohexan D stiren Cõu (A-2009) Mt hp cht X cha ba nguyờn t C, H, O cú t l lng mC: mH: mO = 21 : : Hp cht X cú cụng thc n gin nht trựng vi cụng thc phõn t S ng phõn cu to thuc loi hp cht thm ng vi cụng thc phõn t ca X l A B C D Cõu (A-2009) Hp cht hu c X tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng khụng tỏc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 Tờn gi ca X l A metyl axetat B axit acrylic C anilin D phenol Cõu (A-2009) Cú ba dung dch: amoni hirocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat v ba cht lng: ancol etylic, benzen, anilin ng sỏu ng nghim riờng bit Nu ch dựng mt thuc th nht l dung dch HCl thỡ nhn bit c ti a bao nhiờu ng nghim? A B C D Cõu (A-2009) Cho dóy chuyn hoỏ sau: X NaOH (dư) Phenol Phenyl axetat Y (hợp chất thơm) t0 Hai cht X, Y s trờn ln lt l: A anhirit axetic, phenol B anhirit axetic, natri phenolat C axit axetic, natri phenolat D axit axetic, phenol Cõu (B-2009) Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 thỡ u sinh a mol khớ Cht X l A etylen glicol B axit aipic C ancol o-hiroxibenzylic D axit 3-hiroxipropanoic Cõu (B-2009) Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lớt dung dch NaOH 1M Mt khỏc, nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) thỡ sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lớt khớ H2 ( ktc) Cụng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A HO-C6H4-COOCH3 B CH3-C6H3(OH)2 C HO-CH2-C6H4-OH D HO-C6H4-COOH Cõu 36 (B-09) Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng s sau: HNO3 (đặc) Fe + HCl Nitrobenzen Anilin Benzen H 2SO4 (đặc) t0 Bit hiu sut giai on to thnh nitrobenzen t 60% v hiu sut giai on to thnh anilin t 50% Khi lng anilin thu c iu ch t 156 gam benzen l A 186,0 gam B 55,8 gam C 93,0 gam D 111,6 gam Cõu (C-2009) Trong thc t, phenol c dựng sn xut A nha poli(vinyl clorua), nha novolac v cht dit c2,4-D B nha rezol, nha rezit v thuc tr sõu 666 C poli(phenol-fomanehit), cht dit c 2,4-D v axit picric D nha rezit, cht dit c 2,4-D v thuc n TNT Cõu (C-2009) Cho cỏc cht HCl (X); C2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (phenol) (T) Dóy gm cỏc cht c sp xp theo tớnh axit tng dn (t trỏi sang phi) l: A (X), (Z), (T), (Y) B (Y), (T), (Z), (X) C (Y), (T), (X), (Z) D (T), (Y), (X), (Z) Cõu (A-2010) Trong s cỏc phỏt biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH): GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh (1) Phenol tan ớt nc nhng tan nhiu dung dch HCl (2) Phenol cú tớnh axit, dung dch phenol khụng lm i mu qutớm (3) Phenol dựng sn xut keo dỏn, cht dit nm mc (4) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom v th nitro d hn benzen Cỏc phỏt biu ỳng l: A (1), (2), (4) B (2), (3), (4) C (1), (2), (3) D (1), (3), (4) Cõu (B-2010) Cho 13,74 gam 2,4,6-trinitrophenol vo bỡnh kớn ri nung núng nhit cao Sau phn ng xy hon ton, thu c x mol hn hp khớ gm: CO2, CO, N2 v H2 Giỏ tr ca x l A 0,60 B 0,36 C 0,54 D 0,45 Cõu (B-2010) Trong cỏc cht: xiclopropan, benzen, stiren, metyl acrylat, vinyl axetat, imetyl ete, s cht cú kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l A B C D Cõu (B-2010) Cho cỏc cht: (1) axit picric; (2) cumen; (3) xiclohexanol; (4) 1,2-ihiroxi-4metylbenzen; (5) 4-metylphenol; (6) -naphtol Cỏc cht thuc loi phenol l: A (1), (3), (5), (6) B (1), (2), (4), (6) C (1), (2), (4), (5) D (1), (4), (5), (6) Cõu (B-2010) Cho s phn ng: H2 O Br2 CuO Stiren X Y Z H H , t0 t0 Trong ú X, Y, Z u l cỏc sn phm chớnh Cụng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l: A C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, C6H5COCH2Br B C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, C6H5CH2COOH C C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, m-BrC6H4CH2COOH D C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, m-BrC6H4COCH3 Cõu (C-2010) Phỏt biu ỳng l: A Vinyl axetat phn ng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ancol etylic B Thu phõn benzyl clorua thu c phenol C Phenol phn ng c vi nc brom D Phenol phn ng c vi dung dch NaHCO3 Cõu (A-2011) Cho axit salixylic (axit o-hiroxibenzoic) phn ng vi anhirit axetic, thu c axit axetylsalixylic (o-CH3COO-C6H4-COOH) dựng lm thuc cm (aspirin) phn ng hon ton vi 43,2 gam axit axetylsalixylic cn va V lớt dung dch KOH 1M Giỏ tr ca V l A 0,24 B 0,96 C 0,72 D 0,48 Cõu (A-2011) Cho dóy cỏc cht: phenylamoni clorua, benzylclorua, isopropyl clorua, mcrezol, ancol benzylic, natri phenolat, anlyl clorua S cht dóy tỏc dng c vi dung dch NaOH loóng, un núng l A B C D Cõu (A-2011) Hp cht hu c X cha vũng benzen cú cụng thc phõn t trựng vi cụng thc n gin nht Trong X, t l lng cỏc nguyờn t l mC: mH: mO= 21 : : Bit X phn ng hon ton vi Na thỡ thu c s mol khớ hiro bng s mol ca X ó phn ng X cú bao nhiờu ng phõn (cha vũng benzen) tha cỏc tớnh cht trờn? A B 10 C D Cõu (A-2011) Cho dóy chuyn hoỏ sau: C H4 Br2 , as KOH/C H 5OH Benzen X Y Z (trong ú X, Y, Z l sn phm chớnh) tỉ lệ mol 1:1 xt, t t0 Tờn gi ca Y, Z ln lt l A 2-brom-1-phenylbenzen v stiren B 1-brom-2-phenyletan v stiren C 1-brom-1-phenyletan v stiren D benzylbromua v toluen Cõu (B-2011) Ho tan cht X vo nc thu c dung dch sut, ri thờm tip dung dch cht Y thỡ thu c cht Z (lm c dung dch) Cỏc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A phenol, natri hiroxit, natri phenolat B phenylamoni clorua, axit clohiric, anilin C anilin, axit clohiric, phenylamoni clorua D natri phenolat, axit clohiric, phenol GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh Cõu (B-2011) Cho cỏc phỏt biu sau: (a) Anehit va cú tớnh oxi hoỏ va cú tớnh kh (b) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom khú hn benzen (c) Anehit tỏc dng vi H2 (d) cú xỳc tỏc Ni un núng, thu c ancol bc mt (d) Dung dch axit axetic tỏc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 (e) Dung dch phenol nc lm qutớm hoỏ (g) Trong cụng nghip, axeton c sn xut t cumen S phỏt biu ỳng l A B C D Cõu (C-2011) Sn phm ch yu hn hp thu c cho toluen phn ng vi brom theo t l s mol 1:1 (cú mt bt st) l A p-bromtoluen v m-bromtoluen B benzyl bromua C o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen D o-bromtoluen v m-bromtoluen Cõu (C-2011) Cho m gam hn hp X gm phenol v etanol phn ng hon ton vi natri (d), thu c 2,24 lớt khớ H2 (ktc) Mt khỏc, phn ng hon ton vi m gam X cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M Giỏ tr ca m l A 7,0 B 21,0 C 14,0 D 10,5 Cõu (C-2011) Cho cỏc cht: axetilen, vinylaxetilen, cumen, stiren, xiclohexan, xiclopropan v xiclopentan Trong cỏc cht trờn, s cht phn ng c vi dung dch brom l A B C D Cõu (C-2011) S hp cht ng phõn cu to ca cú cụng thc phõn t C8H10O, phõn t cú vũng benzen, tỏc dng c vi Na, khụng tỏc dng c vi NaOH l A B C D Cõu (C-2011) Cht X tỏc dng vi benzen (xt, t) to thnh etylbenzen Cht X l A C2H4 B C2H2 C CH4 D C2H6 Cõu (A-2012) Cho dóy cỏc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C6H5OH) S cht dóy cú kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l A B C D Cõu (A-2012) Cho cỏc phỏt biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH): (a) Phenol tan nhiu nc lnh (b) Phenol cú tớnh axit nhng dung dch phenol nc khụng lm i mu qutớm (c) Phenol c dựng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc (d) Nguyờn t H ca vũng benzen phenol d b thay th hn nguyờn t H benzen (e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta S phỏt biu ỳng l A B C D Cõu (A-2012) Cho dóy cỏc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5, pHO-C6H4-COOH, p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH Cú bao nhiờu cht dóy tha ng thi iu kin sau? (a) Ch tỏc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol : (b) Tỏc dng c vi Na (d) to s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng A B C D Cõu (A-2012) Cho dóy cỏc cht: cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen S cht dóy lm mt mu dung dch brom l A B C D Cõu (B-2012) Cú bao nhiờu cht cha vũng benzen cú cựng cụng thc phõn t C7H8O? A B C D Cõu (B-2012) Cho phenol (C6H5OH) ln lt tỏc dng vi (CH3CO)2O v cỏc dung dch: NaOH, HCl, Br2, HNO3, CH3COOH S trng hp xy phn ng l A B C D Cõu (A-2013) Phenol phn ng c vi dung dch no sau õy? A NaCl B HCl C NaHCO3 D KOH Cõu (A-2013) Hp cht X cú thnh phn gm C, H, O, cha vũng benzen Cho 6,9 gamX vo 360 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M (d 20% so vi lng cn phn ng) n phn ng hon ton, GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh thu c dung dch Y Cụ cn Y thu c m gam cht rn khan Mt khỏc, t chỏy hon ton 6,9 gam X cn va 7,84 lớt O2 (ktc), thu c 15,4 gam CO2 Bit X cú cụng thc phõn t trựng vi cụng thc n gin nht Giỏ tr ca m l A 13,2 B 11,1 C 12,3 D 11,4 Cõu (B-2013) Trong cỏc cht: stiren, axit acrylic, axit axetic, vinylaxetilen v butan, s cht cú kh nng tham gia phn ng cng hiro (xỳc tỏc Ni, un núng) l A B C D Cõu (B-2013) S ng phõn amin bc mt, cha vũng benzen, cú cựng cụng thc phõn t C7H9N l A B C D Cõu (B-2013) Cho cỏc phỏt biu sau: (a) Cỏc cht CH3NH2, C2H5OH, NaHCO3 u cú kh nng phn ng vi HCOOH (b) Phn ng th brom vo vũng benzen ca phenol (C6H5OH) d hn ca benzen (c) Oxi húa khụng hon ton etilen l phng phỏp hin i sn xut anehit axetic (d) Phenol (C6H5OH) tan ớt etanol Trong cỏc phỏt biu trờn, s phỏt biu ỳng l A B C D Cõu (B-2013) Cho dóy cht sau: isopren, anilin, anehit axetic, toluen, pentan, axit metacrylic v stiren S cht dóy phn ng c vi nc brom l A B C D Cõu (C-2013) Dung dch phenol (C6H5OH) khụng phn ng c vi cht no sau õy? A NaOH B NaCl C Br2 D Na Cõu (C-2013) S ng phõn cha vũng benzen, cú cụng thc phõn t C7H8O, phn ng c vi Na l A B C D GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh ... cỏc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol S cht dóy phn ng c vi NaOH (trong dung dch) l A B C D Cõu (A-2009) Hirocacbon X khụng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng Tờn... anilin thu c iu ch t 156 gam benzen l A 186,0 gam B 55,8 gam C 93,0 gam D 111,6 gam Cõu (C-2009) Trong thc t, phenol c dựng sn xut A nha poli(vinyl clorua), nha novolac v cht dit c2,4-D B nha... (X), (Z), (T), (Y) B (Y), (T), (Z), (X) C (Y), (T), (X), (Z) D (T), (Y), (X), (Z) Cõu (A-2010) Trong s cỏc phỏt biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH): GV: Nguyn Phỳ Hot Trng THPT Nguyn Chớ Thanh (1) Phenol