The commercial project manager

MANAGER The commercial project manager The commercial project manager Managing owners, sponsors, partners, supporters, stakeholders, contractors and consultants J Rodney Turner McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY London New York St Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogota Caracas Lisbon Madrid Mexico Milan Montreal New Delhi Panama Paris San Juan Sao Paulo' Singapore' Sydney' Tokyo' Toronto 6S-8' '-1'0 Y rei/of 81///00 Published by McGRAW-HILL Book Company Europe Shoppenhangers Road, Maidenhead, Berkshire, SL6 2QL, England Telephone 01628 23432 Fax 01628 770224 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Turner, J Rodney (John Rodney), The commercial project manager: managing owners, sponsors, partners, supporters, stakeholders, contractors and consultants/J, Rodney Turner p em Includes index ISBN 0-07-707946-9: Industrial project management Industrial project management-Finance Contracts Partnership I Title HD69.P75T848 1995 658.4'04-dc20 94-40491 CIP Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Turner, Rodney Commercial Project Manager: Managing Owners, Sponsors, Partners, Supporters, Stakeholders, Contractors and Consultants Title 658.404 ISBN 0-07-707946-9 Copyright © 1995 McGraw-Hill International (UK) Limited All rights reserved No of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of McGraw-Hill International (UK) Limited "Part' 12345 BL 98765 Typeset by BookEns Ltd, Royston, Herts and printed and bound in Great Britain by BiddIes Ltd., Guildford Printed on permanent paper in compliance with the ISO Standard 9706 To my father, to whom I not write enough letters Contents Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Authors' profiles xiii xv xxiii xxv PART ONE OWNERS AND SPONSORS Projects for shareholder value Roger Mills and Rodney Turner 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The cost of capital 1.3 Valuing the business 1.4 Influence of project managers on the value drivers Concluding remarks 1.5 1.6 Summary 3 16 16 17 Project selection: markets and technologies Susan Foreman 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Strategic marketing 2.3 Strategic commitment 2.4 Technology and competitiveness 2.5 The role of strategic marketing 2.6 Techniques for setting marketing objectives 2.7 Summary 18 Estimating costs and revenues Rodney Turner and Dan Remenyi 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Types of estimate 3.3 Structuring the estimate Estimating methods 3.4 3.5 Estimating and measuring benefits 3.6 Scheduling the estimate 3.7 Updating estimates 3.8 Summary 31 vii 18 19 19 20 21 25 28 31 32 34 37 45 46 50 51 " viii CONTENTS Risk analysis Chris Chapman and Rodney Turner 4.1 Introduction ~ 4.2 Qualitative analysis - scope phase ( ~ 4.3 Qualitative analysis - structuring phase 4.4 Quantitative analysis 4.5 Risk management 4.6 Summary 53 Investment appraisal John Aston and Rodney Turner 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Accounting rate of return 5.3 Cash flows 5.4 Payback 5.5 Discounted cash flow techniques 5.6 Choosing a project 5.7 Summary 66 Raising project finance John Dingle and Ashok Jashapara 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Characteristics of project financing 6.3 Setting a financial strategy for the project 6.4 Raising finance - the markets 6.5 Raising finance - the approaches 6.6 Financing problems - implications for project managers 6.7 Summary 76 PART TWO "" 53 54 58 59 61 61 66 67 69 70 70 74 75 76 77 79 82 92 96 98 PARTNERS Joint ventures Colin Smith, David Topping and Chris Benjamin 7.1 Collaborative arrangements 7.2 Objectives of joint ventures 7.3 Operational difficulties 7.4 Organizational structures 7.5 Forming the venture 7.6 Managing the venture 7.7 International projects 7.8 Summary 103 103 105 105 106 108 111 112 116 CONTENTS Partnering Colin Smith and Steve Tonks 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Why partnering? 8.3 Responding to the changing environment 8.4 Partnering variations 8.5 Establishing a partnering arrangement 8.6 Legal and commercial 8.7 Summary 119 Bui1d-own-operate(-transfer), BOO(T) Peter Morris 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Issues raised by the BOO(T) method 9.3 Project finance revisited 9.4 Origins of the BOO(T) method 9.5 Characteristics of BOO(T) projects 9.6 Principal BOO(T) risks 9.7 Summary 130 PART THREE _10 11 ix 119 119 121 123 124 126 128 130 131 131 132 133 136 137 SUPPORTERS Contractors \ Ernie Torbet and Norman Dunlop 10.1 Introduction 10.2 The role of contractors 10.3 The benefits and risks to the owner 10.4 The benefits and risks to the contractor 10.5 Managing the relationship to optimize the outcome for both 10.6 Managing contractors 10.7 Summary 141 Consultants Ernie Torbet, John Dingle, Frank Thomas, Malcolm Watkinson and Jeffrey Blum 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The role of consultants 11.3 The benefits and risks to the owner 11.4 The risks to the consultant 11.5 Managing the consultant/owner relationship 11.6 Designers 11.7 Coordinated project information 11.8 International working using CAD 154 141 142 143 144 145 146 152 154 154 159 161 162 163 169 170 SUBJECf INDEX 397 Payment, 113, 149, 187, 246-248, 255257,268,275-286,300,306,318, 327, 350, 357-360, 367, 383 certificates of, 263, 358 down, 244-245 final account, 350, 357, 361-365 (see also Contract, completion, certificates) retention, 246, 263, 358-360 of title, 246, 263, 358-360 interim, 247, 276-277, 307, 350, 357, 365,372 valuations, 357-365 certificates, 357-365 milestone, 151, 256, 318, 357, 365 Penalties, 114, 168, 257, 269, 284-286 consequential loss, 139 liquidated and ascertained damages, 168, 276-277, 286-287, 291, 362 Performance, 252-254, 268, 275-277, 281-286, 292, 312, 321-323, 353, 364, 370, 378 (see also Design, criteria; Guarantees) PERT (see Programme Evaluation and Review Technique) PEST analysis (see Political, Economic, Socio-cultural and Technological Analysis) Planning Authority, 142,224-227,232234 Planning gain (see Mitigators) Planning and inquiry process, xxi, 155, 195,231 (see also Consent) Planning horizon, 8-17,20,25-29 Planning period, 8-17, 20, 25-29 Planning permission, 231-232 Planning system, 231, 235 (see also Consent, system) Political, Economic, Socio-cultural and Technological Analysis (PEST),216 Present value (see Net Present Value) Price (see Contract, price) Price indices, 50-52, 359 retail price index, 51-52 Private sector, xv, 84, 312 (see also Finance, sources ot) Procurement, 35,47, 111, 127, 148, 159, 165, 189, 241, 248, 287-295, 296, 301-302 assessment criteria, 302-305, 323 Cardinal Points, 176 force account, 190 path,302 strategy, xxii, 296, 322 (see also Design, procurement) Product portfolio (see Marketing; Specific Business Units) Productivity (see Performance) Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), 53-55, 5960 Profit, xvi, 32, 46-52, 54,67-69, 74, 77, 82, 91-92, 101, 109, 116, 127129, 130, 144, 160, 166, 192, 195, 214, 235, 252-255, 284, 305, 338, 354-359, 366, 379380 accounting, 11 distribution, 106, 110, 117 operating, 10-14 margin, 10-17 Profitability index (see Investment appraisal, techniques) Project finance, 76-80, 84, 93, 130-133, 137 Project life-cycle, 32, 37, 4~5, 52, 5455, 191, 202, 229, 301 stages of, 32 authorization, 298-299 consultation and inquiry, 235-240 definition, design and appraisal, 32, 78, 159, 165, 205, 211, 234, 248-251, 259 execution, implementation, construction and control, 32, 78, 96, 159, 165, 192, 225, 229, 248-251, 258-259, 340-347, 351, 352-353, 364, 368-369, 383 finalization, commissioning, closeout and review, 32, 78, 96, 159, 165, 192, 229, 248, 297, 352353, 364, 368-369 operation and maintenance, xvi, 16, 91-94,291,309,352,369 proposal, initiation and development, 32, 45-46, 298, 352,379 (see also Feasibility study; Design; Procurement; Project start-up) 398 SUBJECT INDEX Project start-up, 57, 339-342, 349 Project strategy, 76, 99, 305, 379 Property, rights of, 269 transfer of ownership of (see Payment, final account, retention of title) Proprietary interest or rights, 278 Public inquiry, 232-240 Public interest, 268, 277-278 Public sector, xv, 195, 287-293, 306-307 (see also Finance, sources ot) Quality, 247-248, 253, 263, 291, 302304,309-311,323,343-344, 354 assurance, 258, 340 standards, 332 ISO 9000 and IEEE, 332 (see also Standards) Rate of return, 12-14 (see also Cash flow, discounted, discount factor; Cost of capital; Investment appraisal) Recourse agreements (see Collateral) Request for proposal (RFP) (see Invitation to tender) Retention and retention of title (see Payment, final account, retention) Revenues, xvii, 45-47, 55, 101, 131-133, 137, 168, 192, 256 (see also Cash flow, inflow) RFP (Request for proposal) (see Invitation to tender) Risk, xvii-xxi, 1,5-7,28,31,35,45,5365, 77, 81-88, 93-99, 112-118, 125, 129, 130-138, 139-140, 141-146, 152, 159-162, 166, 169, 175-176, 178, 181-193, 231-239, 243-244, 250-259, 263-266, 275, 287, 297-298, 303-305, 323, 327, 331, 338, 359, 367, 379-380 allocation, ownership and sharing of, 83, 99, 258-263, 277 client or contractor risk, 252, 259, 263 analysis and assessment, 1, 53-55, 5961, 240, 299, 327 management, 54,61,239,241,257,310 risk reduction, 256-257 Risk Item Report and Tracking Form, 62 64 sources of, 54-55, 61 casualty, 137 consent, 238 contractual, 114 commercial, 6, 105-108, 116, 125127, 331 communication failure, 176 completion, 136, 192 consequential loss, 139 contractual, 192 country risk, 192 economic and financial, 94, 137138, 184-186, 192, 250-256 exchange rate, 79, 91-97, 137-138, 182, 192-193 inflation, 94, 137-138, 192 interest rate, 192 insolvency, 307 legal, 184 operating, 137-138 performance, 137-138, 192, 303-304 political, 83, 91-94, 98, 105-108, 116, 134-138, 180, 184-186 technical, 192, 256, 331 social, 184 types of: diversifiable, 6-7 insurable, 137-138 non-diversable, 6-7 specific, systematic, 6-7 unsystematic, 6-7 Royal Charter, 279 Royalties, 35, 291, 359 RPI (see Price index) Safety, 128, 143-144, 149, 168,224,229, 232-234, 263, 292 Sales, 10, 69 growth rate, 8-17 SBUs (see Specific Business Units) SCERT (see Synergistic Contingency Evaluation and Review Technique) Schedule of rates (see Estimating, methods ot) Scope of supply or work (see Contract, scope) Security (see Collateral) SUBJECT INDEX 399 Sensitivity analysis, 60, 94 Shareholders, xvii, 15, 80-82, 93, 110, 178,215 market portfolio, 6-7 reserves, 75 Shareholder value, 1, 10-17,69,82 analysis, 1, 4, 7, 17 value drivers, 1, 4, 8-17 (see also Capital, cost of, investment, Sales, growth rate, Profit, Planning period; Tax rate, cash rate) Shipping, 155, 171-176, 248, 368 agents: carriers, 171-176 freight fowarders or forwarding agents, 171-176 loading brokers, 171-176 port agents, 171-176 shipbrokers, 171-176 ship's husband or protecting agent, 174 Baltic Exchange, 175 market, 175 (see also Logistics) Situational analysis (see Marketing) Specific Business Units (SBU), 27-28 cash cow, 27-28 dog, 27-28 portfolio, 28 problem child, 27-28 rising star, 27-28 Specification (see Contract, requirements; Design, criteria; Invitation to tender) Standards, 224 American, 167 British, 167 BS5750, Quality Management Systems, 211, 304, 367, 376 BS7750, Environmental Management Systems, 211 company, 224, 341 industrial practice, 224 (see also Codes of practice; Quality, standards) Stakeholder management, 195, 214-222 strategy, 214, 219-222 contingency action plan, 220-222 stakeholder information sheet, 221222 document, 220-222 Statutory bodies (see Government departments; Planning Authority) Stockmarket, 1, 3-4, 82, 178 London, 3-4, 17 indices: FTSE All-Share, Standard & Poor 500, Measurement Service, London Business School, United States, 3-4, 17 Strategy (see Contract strategy; Corporate strategy) Subcontracts (see Contracts, types by scope of supply) Subsidies, 289 Supply chain management (see Collaborative arrangements) SWOT analysis (see Marketing) Synergistic Contingency Evaluation and Review Technique (SCERT), 53-54 Tax, 180,217, 359 duty, 359 Value Added Tax (VAT), 247 Tax rate, 5, 17, 82 cash rate, 8-17 marginal, 17 Technology transfer, 217, 249 Tendering, xxii, 111, 242, 274-275, 289, 298, 306-312, 318-319 auction, 275 bid clarification, 340, 370-371 competitive, 116, 123-128, 134, 190, 253, 257 compliance, 309, 335, 330 cost of, 110, 117, 128 evaluation, 306-312, 323 Butler scoring, 310 cost of, 128 criteria (see Contract, award, acceptance, agreement; Contract, award criteria) two-envelope system, 311 prequalification of bidders and shortlist, 306, 318, 323 open, closed, or selective, 307 tender preparation and submission or bidding, 325-342, 348-349 400 SUBJECT INDEX Tendering, cont, bid strategy and plan, 325-349 customer contact plan, 328, 335337 date and period of validity, 254, 359 decision to tender and qualification, 326, 331, 336 lead and pre-proposal, 326, 331333 proposw, 326-349, 360,371 themes, 325-341, 348-349 validity of offer, 310 (see also Invitation to tender) Terms of reference (see Consultancy) Totw Quality Management (TQM), 103, 120, 128 Trade, 260 agreements, 289 export, 172, 184-185,217 capital goods, 185 repetitive, 184-185 import, 172,I84 Training needs analysis (see Consultancy, types) Transportation (see Shipping) Treaty of Rome (see Law, European) Unions, 216 Value, xvii, 50-52,94-98, 144, 362 business, perpetuity and residual (see Shareholder value) project (see Net Present Value and Shareholder value) Value analysis (see Net Present Value and Shareholder value analysis) Value drivers (see Shareholder value analysis, value drivers) Variations (see Contract, variations) Venture capital (see Finance, sources of) Vertical integration (see Collaborative arrangements) Viability, 1, 32, 46-47, 52, 60, 116, 160, 190, 214-215, 256 (see also Profit; Vwue) Water, Energy, Transport and Telecommunications (WETT) (see EU directives) World Bank (see Finance, sources of) Work breakdown structure (WBS), 3340,52,217 Author and Source Index Aaker, D.A., 29 Albrecht, A., 53 Anatomy of Major Projects: a study of the reality ofproject management, the, 365, 386 Armitt, I.A., 118 Augenblick, M., 138 Baker, B., 222 Barnes, M., 262 Beamish, P.W., 118 Beyond Partnership, 129 Boehm, B.W., 53 Boston Consulting Group, 27 Brooks, F.P., 53 Brown, A., 213 Brown, H., 240 Brown, R., 29 Bruntland, H.G., 198, 212, 230 Budget Estimating Handbook, first edition, 53 Building Employers Confederation, 212 Building Research Establishment (BRE), 21()""213 Burbridge, R.N.G., 267, 324 Business and the Environmental Challenge, 212 Cammaert, A.B., 65 Castle, G.R., 138 CCTA,65 Central Office of Information, 193 Chapman, C., 178 Chapman, C.B., 65 Chartered Institute of Marketing, 18 CIRlA 85, Target and Cost Reimburseable Construction Contracts, 260, 266, 323 CIRlA 100, Management Contracting, 260, 266, 323 Civil Engineering Contracts, 323 Cleland, D.I., 222 Collaboration Management: New Project and Partnering Techniques, 129 Coming Shape of Global Competition, The, 118 Common Inheritance: Britain's Environmental StrategyThis, 213 Congestion: Report of the Infrastructure Planning Group of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 213 Construction and the Environment: Report of the Environment Task Force of the Construction Industry Employers Council, 212 Construction Industry Council, 213 Construction Industry Employers Council (CIEC), 204-209, 212 Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA), 251, 255, 260, 266, 299,323 Construction Law, 386 Construction Management Forum: report and guidance, 324 Contract Control Review Guide, 325-327, 349 Contract Law in Perspective, 267 Contracts in Use, 267 Contract Strategy-A report on client strategies when letting construction contracts, 267 401 402 AUTHOR AND SOURCE INDEX Controlling Software Projects: Management, measurement and estimation, 53 Cooper, D.F., 65 Coopers & Lybrand, 17, 262, 325-327, 349 Cost Estimation for Software Development, 53 Cowan, C., 129 Cravens, D.W., 19, 29 Custer, S.B., 138 Day, G.S., 29 Davis Langdon Everest, 267 Debelius, C.A., 65 DeHoghton, C., 118 DeMarco, T., 53 Department of Defenses, US, 36 Department of the Environment (DoE), 213, 226-230 Department of Transport (Dol), 212 Derby, P., 349 Doz, Y., 129 Dumaine, B., 17 Dun, A., 193 ECGD Services, 193 Economist Pocket Banker, The, 193 Economist Publications, 95, 193 Effective Retention of Title Clauses, 365 Eiteman, D., 193 Energy Use in Buildings and Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 213 Environmental Assessment-A Guide to Procedures, 226, 230 Environmental Assessment for New Office Designs, 213 Environmental Impact Analysis, Theory and Practice, 239 Euromoney Publications, 99, 193 Exploring Corporate Strategy, 222 Export Credit Financing Systems in OECD Member Countries, The, 193 Export Finance, 193 Factor Building for Industry, 324 Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs Conseils (FIDIC), 260, 267, 300-301, 324 Ferrel, D.C., 29 FIDIC Digest: Contractual Relationships, Responsibilities and Claims under the Fourth Edition of the FIDIC Conditions, the, 266, 300-301, 324 Gaining Consents: Guidelines for managing the planning and inquiry stage of project development, 240 Gareis, R., 129, 365 George, n.r., 40,53 Georgiou, L., 29 Giddy, I.H., 193 Gillott, C.A., 266, 324 Gray, C., 129, 352, 365 Griffiths, F., 267 Guidance on the Preparation, Submission and Consideration of Tenders for Civil Engineering Projects, 324, 349 Guide to Capital Cost Estimating, A, 53 Guide to the Preparation and Evaluation of BOOT Project Tenders, 138 Gunter, D., 193 Hamel, G., 129 Handbook of Project-Based Management, The, xv, 53, 65, 75, 99, ll8, 138, 153, 176, 193, 213, 222, 349, 365, 386 Handbook of International Joint Ventures, ll8 Harrigan, K., ll8 Harvard Business Review, 193, 324 Haydn, S., 129 Hares, R.W., 259, 267 Henderson, G., 203, 213 Hegstad, S.D., 267 Hindle, T., 193 Hough, G., 365, 386 How the Stock Market Works, 193 Hutchinson, C., 198, 212 Hutchinson, D.H., 176 IChem E Green Book, Model Forms and Conditions of Contract for Process Plants, Reimburseable Conuacu, 260, 267, 300 AUTHOR AND SOURCE INDEX 403 IChemE Red Book, Model Forms and Conditions of Contract for Process Plants, Lump-sum Con"ac~,260,267, 300, 324 IChemE Yellow Book, Model Forms and Conditions of Contract for Process Plants, Subcontracts, 260, 267, 300 ICE 5th:Conditions of Contract and Forms of Tenders Agreement and Bond for use in Connection with works in Civil Engineering Construction, (fifth edition), 260, 267, 297 ICE 6th:Conditions of Contract and Forms of Tenders Agreement and Bond for use in Connection with works in Civil Engineering Construction, (sixth edition), 260, 267, 297, 324, 386 ICE NEC, New Style Engineering Contract, 260, 266, 297, 324, 386 IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 53 Institute of Fund Managers Association, 17 Institution of Chemical Engineers, 260, 267, 300, 324 Institution of Civil Engineers, 201, 213, 260-261, 266-267,297, 324, 325, 349, 367, 386 Institution of Electrical Engineers, 260, 267, 324 Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 260,267 Integrated Pollution Control: A Practical Guide, 200, 212 International Capital Markets, 193 International Construction Law Review, 138 International Labour Office, Geneva, 324 International Journal of Project Management, 138, 176,267 The International Money Market, 193 JCT 80, Joint Construction Tribunal Standard forms of Contract, (second edition), 260, 267,297, 324 Jessen, S.A., 118 Johnson, G., 222 Jones, R., 324 Journal of Business Strategy, Marketing, 129 Journal of Commercial Bank Lending, 138 Journal of General Management, 17,75 Journal of Management Engineering, 138 Journal of the Operational Research Society, 65 Kanter, R.M., 129 Kerrin, R.A., 29 Keynes, M., 96 Kemp, L., 193 King, W.R., 222 Kleim, R.L., 222 Knight, M., 193 Kotler, P., 29 Kubr, M., 324 Latham, M., 264-267 Lamming, R., 129 Larson, E., 129, 352, 365 Letheridge, N., 138 Londeix, B., 53 London Business School, Loraine, R.K., 129 Luck, D.J., Ludin, I.S., 222 McDonald, M.B.W., 20, 29 McKinsey, 16 Macomber, J.D., 324 Major Projects Association, 230, 240 Major Projects and the Environment, 230 Managing for Joint Venture Success, 118 Management Consultants Association, 315 Management Consulting - A guide to the profession, 324 Management Contracts: Mainfeatures & design issues, World Bank Technical Paper No 65, 267 Management of International Construction Projects, 118 Management of Projects, the, 138 Marketing Management: Analysis, planning and control, 30 Marketing Plans: How to prepare them, how to use them, 30 404 AUTHOR AND SOURCE INDEX Marketing, Strategy, and Plans, 30 Marsh, P.W., 3, 17 Measuring and Managing IT Benefits, 53 Mechanical and Electrical Services Price Book, twenty-second edition, 53 Merna, A., 138 MFI, Model Forms of Contract, 260, 267 Minton, P., 222 Model Forms of Conditions of Contract for Process Plants: An Engineer's Guide, 267 Money, A.R., 53 Moore, C., 129 Morris, P.G.W., 138, 230, 365 Mosley, D., 129 Mills, R.W., 17,75 Multinational Business Finance, 193 Murphy, D., 222 Mythical Man-Month, The, 53 National Economic Development Office (NEDO), 120, 129, 267, 302, 324 Nevitt, P., 99, 182, 193 Newman, P., 386 Nunos, G.E., 297-298, 324 OECD,193 Ohmae, K., 118 Our Common Future, 212, 230 Our Land for Our Children: An Environmental Policy for Construction Professionals, 213 Parris, J., 365 Partnering: Contracting Without Conflict, 129 Partnering in the Public Sector, 129 Payne, R., 138 Pecora, A.G., 65 People Side ofProject Management, The, 222 Perspectives on Project Management, 267,324 Perspectives on Strategic Marketing Management, 30 Peterson, R.A., 29 Planning Applications-i-the RMJM Guide, 239 Pocket Economist, 95 Post Innovation Performance, Technological Development, and Competition, 30 Practical Risk Guidelinesfor IS/IT Managers, 65 Prahaled, c.n., 129 Pressman, R.S., 53 Procedings of the Colloquium on Cooperative Strategies in International Business, 118 Proceedings of the International Conference Management by Projects in Practice, 129, 365 Proceedings of the Joint Research Colloquium of the Wharton School and Rutgers Graduate School of Management on Cooperative Strategies in International Business, 129 Project, 222 Project Financing, 99, 193 Project Management Agreement and Conditions of Engagement, (second edition), 266, 301,324 Project Management Austria, 129 The Project Management Handbook, second edition, 222 Project Management Journal, 129 Quarterly Review of Marketing, 29 Ramchandani, R., 202, 213 Rail Privatisation: Deregulation and Open Access, 213 Responsibilities for Project Control during Construction, 324 Risk Management in Engineering Construction, 267 Royal Commission for Environmental Pollution, (Fifth report), 200, 212 Royal Geographic Society, 230 Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA),169,260,267,297,324 Royal Institue of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), 65, 169, 260, 267, 301, 324 Remenyi, D.S., 53 Risk Management in Defence Procurement, 65 Roads for Prosperity, 212 AUTHOR AND SOURCE INDEX 405 Salt, A., 240 Sawyer, J.G., 267, 324 Schaan, J.L., 118 Scholes, K., 222 Shareholder Value Analysis Survey, 17 Shorrock, L.D., 203, 213 Short-termism on Trial, 17 Slagle, M., 129 Smith, N.J., 138 Software Engineering, 53 Software Engineering Economics, 53 Sonnenberg, F.K., 129 Spon, E.&F.N., 41, 53, 65 Stirling, D., 349 Stonehill, A., 193 Strategic Marketing, 30 Strategic Marketing Management, 30 Strategic Market Planning: The pursuit of competitive advantage, 30 Stringer, J., 240 System Dynamics Society, 118 Thinking about Building, 324 Tillotson, J., 267 Tiong, R.L.K., 138 Treasury Today, 17 Trust and Money: Interim report of the joint government/industry review ofprocurement and contractual arrangement in the United Kingdom construction industry, 267 Turner, J.R., 53, 65, 75,99, 138, 153, 176, 193, 213, 222, 349, 365, 386 Twite, A., 53 United Nations, 245 University of Bradford, School of Technological Management, 324 University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Project Management Group, 138,267 University of Reading, Centre for Strategic Studies in Construction (CSSe), 299, 324 UK Environment,The, 213 Walmsley, J., 118 Wathem, P., 240 Wardley Guide to World Money and Securities Markets, 193 Water Research Centre in the European Environment, 213 Watson, M., 193 Weame, S.H., 297-298, 323-324 Welsh Office,the, 212 Weigand, R., 193 When Giants Learn to Dance, 129 Wilemon, D., 222 World Bank, The, 138,260,267 World Commission on Environment and Development, WCED (The Bruntland Commission), 212 Wright, D., 260, 267, 268, 295 Yeo, K.T., 138 Prmject and Country lndex Aerospace, 164 Agriculture, 203, 209 Angusta, 147 Asia, 179 Australia, 179, 183 Sydney, 175 Austria, 183 Band Aid, xvi Belgium, 183, 201 Bovis, 119 BP, 53,204 Brazil, 183 British Rail, xx British Steel, xviii Building, 1,31,37-42,53, 163,203,251, 260, 297-301, 358 Cadbury, xv Bourneville factory, xv Canada, 183 Channel Tunnel, the, xviii-xxi, 76, 135136, 177,206, 214, 256 rail link, xx-xxi, 202, 214-215 Commonwealth countries, 273 Construction, xvi, xviii, 42, 119, 163, 169, 195, 197-209, 261, 290293, 297-301, 308 Crisis, 87 EEC (see European Union) Energy (see Power generation) Engineering, xvi, 43-45, 154, 163, 176, 260,264 civil, 260, 266, 290-293, 297-301, 373 electrical and mechanical, 163-164, 169,260 marine, 164 Engineering construction, 1, 31-32, 3740, 52, 119, 164, 167, 227, 260, 357 EU (see European Union) Europe, 154, 179, 197-200,206,211 Western, 171, 198 European Union, 66, 127-128, 184, 189, 201,208,224,265 Eurotunnel pIc, 76 France, 132, 183, 189, 206 Paris, 175 Front Line First, defence review, xix (}ennany, 183, 189,201,206 Hamburg, 175 Greece Athens, 175 Hong Kong, 115 mass transit system, 132 Housing, 197 Denmark, 183 Copenhagen, 175 Design, xviii, 43, 154, 176 Developing countries, xviii, 182 Domestic, 207-208 IBM,147 ICI, xviii, 165 Iceland, 188 India, 170 Indonesia, 115 EC (see European Union) 406 PROJECT AND COUNTRY INDEX 407 Information systems (see Information Technology) automate, 46 informate,46 transformate,46 Information Technology, xvi, I, 31-35, 37-46, 53, 163-165, 195, 260 Infrastructure, xviii, 35, 76, 130-2, 136, 190, 195, 197-208 Israel: Dead Sea, 310 Tel Aviv, 310 IT (see Information Technology) Italy, xx, 183 Adriatic Coast, xx Japan, 132, 170, 179, 183 Tokyo, 175, 179 nuclear, 164, 215, 357 Sizewell B, 195 Research & Development, 35, 81, 120 Rio Tinto Zinc (RTZ), 132 Royal Navy, xix, 147 RTZ (see Rio Tinto Zinc) Scandinavia, 208 Severn Bridge, second, 133 Shipbuilding, 357 Singapore, 175 Software (see Information Technology) South Africa, 183 Spain, 132, 183 Suez Canal, tunnel ventilation systems, 166 Sweden, 183 Switzerland, 183, 208 Korea, 170, 183 Liquefied natural gas plant, 77, 90 Maintenance, 87 Manufacturing, 203, 209 Marks and Spencer plc, xviii, 103 Mexico, 133 Mineral exploration, 81, 132 Motor industry, 103 National Gallery, Sainsbury Wing, xvi National Rivers Authority (NRA), 201 Netherlands, the, 183 New Zealand, 183 North America, 17l, 179, 198 North Sea oil, 53, 57, 132, 311 seal population, 199 Taiwan, 1I5, 183 Telecommunications, 169,290-294 Third World, 133-135,260 Training, xvi, 87, 120, 159 Transport, 197-208, 227, 290-294 air, 208 Heathrow Terminal 5, 206 railways, 161, 200-201, 207, 213, 215 Channel Tunnel rail link: (see Channel Tunnel) Jubilee line extension, 206 light, 144 Orgarnzationalchange, 45 Oil and gas industry (see Petroleum industry) roads, 198-201,207-208,213 Dartford Crossing, 133 M25,206 motorway building and widening, 206,215 toll roads, 132-133 Turkey, 132-133, 188 Ozal, Turgat, prime minister, 132-133 Petroleum industry, 97, 132, 154, 227 Process engineering (see Engineering construction) Product development, 26-28, 46 Property development, xviii Power generation, 197,204, 227 combined heat and power, 204 flue gas desulphurization, 168 national grid, 204 United Kingdom, xxi, 3-7, 17, 84-86, 119, 131-137, 179-184, 189190, 197-211, 231-235, 239, 260, 265, 302, 306, 357, 380 British standards, 167 Conservative Government, 131-133 Kent, xx-xxi, 214 London, 42,171,175,179-180 City of, 272-273 408 PROJECT AND COUNTRY INDEX United Kingdom, cont Treasury, 134 United States of America (USA), 3-7, 17, 36, 119, 132-133, 179-183, 198, 211, 241, 271, 379-382 American standards, 167 Bougainville, 132 California, 170 Iran-Contra hearings, 351 New York, 175, 179 Utilities, 87, 133, 201 Water and waste, 197-201, 209, 290-294 Weapons, 166 Westland, 147 Western countries, xviii, 171 Wimbledon tennis tournament, 53 THE COMMERCIAL PROJECT MANAGER J RODNEY TURNER , This book fills a real need For too long textbooks have ignored the commercial aspects of project management Yet, as most senior managers know, these are generally vital , Dr Peter W.G Morris, Chairman, Association of Project Managers Rea ing ercial Project Manager starkly demonstrates how important the s ounding commercial considerstions are to successful management From the foreword, Dr Martin Barnes, Coopers & Lybrand Managing a project successfully means completin e bjectives in a costeffective and time-efficient way and delivering a beneficia resul for wner For most project managers, achieving this aim will invo lve bring ing in external resou rces , materials or professional services This book is about managing these financial , commercial and legal interactions between the project and external rti Bringing together lea din rtise, The Commercial Pro ject Manager gives practical and proven a ice on ea ch area of the commercial aspects of project management including : • owners and sponsors; how to in e t wi in sui • part,:, rs; collaborating for mutual adv nta ge • supporters; gett ing the best from co ntractors, consultants and financial supporters _ a k eholders; environmental and pla nning issues • ; the laws , processes and pitfa ll s This is the first boo f p ro ject man a gement knowledge and skills to recognize that projects not hap isola tio n but necessarily develop responsibilities and rela tionships with interest rties It is designed to be used by project managers across industries, programm 'irecto rs, co nstructio n and design ma na ge rs and general managers in project- ed organizations Also suitable for students o n professional cour ses, this book gives t who le picture of managing projects in a real world context N 0-07 - 70 79 46 - McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY ... undertaken by the parent organization The project manager has within his or her control all the resources needed to undertake the project The resources may not be enough to the project in the shortest... these and other commercial issues The days of project management being only about the words and numbers on programmes, budgets and specifications are happily now gone The Commercial Project Manager. .. how project managers can apply commercial skills to manage the project' s context Many traditional books on project management almost treat the project as an island, totally isolated from other projects