104 test bank for management challenges for tomorrows leaders 5th edition lewis multiple

Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis Multiple Which of the following employed the time-and-motion studies that identified and measured worker's physical movements while the worker performed a task? a.administrative management b.scientific management c.contingency theory d.bureaucratic management e.administrative management Empowered workers at Harley Davidson were one of the key factors that contributed to the dramatic resurgence of the company despite the fierce competition from Japanese motorcycles These workers represent a/an influence a.political b.social c.global d.technological e.economic Because world supplies of oil are limited, future generations may have to rely upon alternative sources of energy such as coal, wind, solar, and perhaps even newer forms of energy To energy businesses, this eventual shift in sources of energy is most directly a/an factor that may influence management thought a.economic b.recycling c.social d.technological e.psychological Work stoppages and strikes are examples of phenomena that have influenced management thought a.economic b.political c.global d.social e.technological Which of the following statements is not true? a.Administrative management focuses on the productivity of the individual b.Bureaucratic management focuses on the overall organizational system c.The classical perspective is comprised of scientific, administrative, and bureaucratic management d.Classical perspective has its roots in the Industrial Revolution e.The classical perspective is the oldest of the formal viewpoints; its origins date back to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries Scientific management focuses on a.managers and the functions they perform b.an overall organizational system and its rules and procedures c.availability of resources d.advances and refinements to devices used in conducting business e.the productivity of the individual worker Economic influences relate to the availability, production, and distribution of within a society a.technology b.resources c.influence d.building materials e.services The oldest of the "formal" viewpoints of management emerged during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and has come to be known as the a.behavioral perspective b.classical perspective c.contingency perspective d.technological perspective e.historic perspective Your company wishes to remove personal favoritism that may exist in the company and thus wishes to make all employee selection and promotion decisions on the basis of objective competence Your company is practicing management a.scientific b.bureaucratic c.administrative d.systems e.behavioral Which management scholar was the first to recognize that successful managers had to understand the basic managerial functions? a.Douglas McGregor b.Frederick Taylor c.Max Weber d.Elton Mayo e.Henri Fayol Suppose you went to work for an auto parts manufacturer and soon learned that your managers were convinced that there is "one ideal way" to perform each job If this were the case, you would be working for a company that subscribed to an approach to management referred to as a.closed systems management b.administrative management c.scientific management d.behavioral perspective e.systems perspective Mary Parker Follett concluded that rather than force and coerce people, managers should a.determine the best overall method to increase productivity and teach that method to the workers b.realize that physical events (such as lighting) increases productivity and make the appropriate adjustments to the environment c.concentrate their efforts on coordinating and harmonizing group efforts to be effective d.utilize distinct divisions of labor for more efficient resource allocation e.analyze the interrelationships between operations and reduce them into their constituent parts in order to more capably direct the workers’ efforts According to Mary Parker Follett, what is the key to effective management? a.coordination b.leadership c.control d.human relation skills e.monitoring ability Terms such as therbligs and functional foremanship are associated with which school of management thought? a.bureaucratic management b.administrative management c.scientific management d.behavioral perspective e.systems perspective Managing a business using a fairly clear understanding of roles and tasks (division of labor, clear authority and responsibility, and promotion decisions based upon one's performance are related to which historical approach to management? a.Operations Management b.Human Asset Accounting c.Communications d.Human Relations e.Ideal Bureaucracy influences are illustrated by Home Depot's monitoring of Hurricane Floyd in 1999, and its subsequent distribution of such scarce resources as plywood and emergency generators to cities along its projected path a.Social b.Political c.Technological d.Economic e.Global Two managers in an organization are in similar positions and at the same level in an organization However one manager seems to have much more influence over subordinates than does the other because s/he has "something special" with which people can relate This represents a.contingency theory b.charismatic authority c.open systems d.traditional authority e.rational-legal chain of command Weber's theory of bureaucratic management included all of the following characteristics except a.division of labor b.hierarchy of authority c.rules and procedures d.individualism e.employee selection and promotion Practices such as CAD, CAM, and CIM represent which type of influence on management thought? a.global b.political c.social d.technological e.economic The classical perspective consists of three main subfields: a.scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management b.systems analysis, contingency theory, and Theory Z c.quantitative management, administrative management, and the Hawthorne effect d.bureaucratic management, contingency theory, and the Hawthorne effect e.administrative management, Theory Z, and scientific Management Frederick Taylor's scientific management theory concentrated on the following three areas: a.task performance, supervision, and quality b.task performance, supervision, and working conditions c.task performance, supervision, and motivation d.task performance, quality, and motivation e.task performance, quality, and working conditions The idea of seniority as used to decide who is "next in line" for a promotion is most closely related to which type of authority? a.rational-legal b.charismatic c.traditional d.open systems e.unity of command Which of the following statements is not true? a.Management thinking has evolved throughout the centuries to deal with the ever-changing environment b.Management thinking continues to evolve to meet the challenges raised by today's rapid changes c.Management thinking will continue to change to reflect the influence of environmental factors d.Management thinking will continue to steadfastly adhere to the basic principles of historic management thought with little room for change e.Management thinking and its changes are nothing new All that is new are the types of change Which of the following correctly matches the approach to management with its primary emphasis? a.scientific management-productivity of the individual worker b.administrative management-overall organizational system c.bureaucratic management-productivity of the individual worker d.scientific management-functions of management e.bureaucratic management-functions of management The concept of administrative management is most closely identified with a.Chester Bernard b.Douglas McGregor c.Henri Fayol d.Frank Gilbreth e.Frederick Taylor influences relate to the aspects of a culture that influence interpersonal relationships a.Technological b.Governmental c.Political d.Social e.Economic authority is based on subordinates' voluntarily compliance with a leader because of his or her special personal qualities or abilities a.Rational-Legal b.Administrative c.Traditional d.Charismatic e.Transactional The managerial perspective that focuses on the overall organizational system and is based upon firm rules, policies, and procedures; a fixed hierarchy; and a clear division of labor; is referred to as the a.contingency perspective b.technological perspective c.bureaucratic perspective d.qualitative perspective e.systems perspective authority is based upon a set of impersonal rules and regulations that apply to all employees a.Traditional b.Transformational c.Charismatic d.Administrative e.Rational-Legal Which of the management scholars would make the following recommendations to a business organization? "Management should be based upon impersonal and rational behavior Examples of these types of behaviors include division of labor, rules and procedures, and impersonality Organizations that base their management on these types of principles will be more efficient and adaptable to change." a.Max Weber b.Douglas McGregor c.Mary Parker Follett d.I C Johnson e.Chester Barnard With which of Weber's authority types would you classify such leaders as Mahatma Gandhi, John F.Kennedy, and Martin Luther King, Jr.? a.traditional authority b.contemporary authority c.bureaucratic authority d.rational-legal authority e.charismatic authority When Congress addresses the minimum wage and workplace safety standards of organizations, it is exemplifying its influence on management thought a.global b.economic c.political d.social e.technological Which of the following is not a basic expectation of management according to the scientific management approach? a.Standard methods should be developed for performing each job within the organization b.Workers with the appropriate abilities should be selected for each job c.Workers should be trained in the standard methods d.Workers should be supported by having their work planned for them e.Workers should participate with management in the development of both strategy and basic output requirements Which of the following correctly matches the management scholar with the theory that he or she is most closely identified with? a.administrative management-Elton Mayo b.scientific management-Elton Mayo c.contingency theory-Lillian Gilbreth d.bureaucratic management-Frederick Taylor e.administrative management-Henri Fayol In the area of motivation, Frederick Taylor (Scientific Management) felt that was the way to motivate workers to their fullest capabilities a.positive reinforcement b.money c.negative reinforcement d.stimulating work environment e.peer pressure Administrative management focuses on a.managers and the functions they perform b.the overall system and its policies and procedures c.availability of resources d.advances and refinements to devices used in conducting business e.the productivity of the individual worker Which of the following management scholars is mostly closely associated with bureaucratic management? a.Chester Barnard b.Frederick Taylor c.Elton Mayo d.William Ouchi e.Max Weber Which of the following correctly matches the approach to management with its primary emphasis? a.bureaucratic management-productivity of the individual worker b.scientific management-functions of management c.administrative management-individual productivity d.bureaucratic management-overall organizational system e.scientific management-overall organizational system Many new innovations have had an effect on how managers view their jobs Examples include cellular phones, laptop computers, and the Internet These innovations are examples of influences on management thought a.economic b.social c.technological d.global e.political Frank Gilbreth identified 17 work elements (such as lifting, grasping, and positioning) in time-motion studies and called these elements: a.frames b.therbligs c.motions d.semarfs e.steps The perspective had its roots in the management experiences that were occurring in the rapidly expanding manufacturing organizations that typified U.S and European industrialization a.behavioral b.systems c.classical d.quantitative e.contingency factors influence management thought related to the impact of political institutions on individuals and organizations a.Psychological b.Global c.Political d.Economic e.Social 88 Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis Multiple Choice Questions - Page As a new head football coach, Chris Lopez encouraged his team to work together to achieve victory Chris made the analogy that two plus two can equal five He meant that if they worked together, the team could accomplish more than if they worked separately Coach Lopez is an advocate of for his football team a.entropy b.contingency c.atrophy d.feedback e.synergy While researching the contingency perspective to management, Joan Woodward discovered that a particular management style was affected by the organization's technology Woodward identified which of the following types of technology? a.application-centered, mass-production, and continuous-process b.small-batch, mass-production, and continuous-process c.small-batch, mass-production, and limited-process d.application-centered, mass-production, and limited-process e.application-centered, limited-production, and continuous- process Abby Wheeler has been the manager of an accounting department for twenty years Over the years, she has come to believe that employees dislike work and will avoid it if at all possible Abby fits McGregor's notion of a manager a.theory X b.theory Z c.theory C d.theory Y e.theory A General Electric participates in many different industries, including appliances, broadcasting, industrial automation, aircraft engines and plastics Because these industries are so diverse, it is important for the managers of GE to recognize that the type of management style that is effective in one industry might not be effective in another This line of thinking is consistent with the perspective a.classical b.quantitative c.contingency d.systems e.behavioral Suppose you are the manager of a hotel After reading our textbook, you decide to start practicing the "human relations factors" of management more so that you have in the past You begin by paying more attention to your employees and by going out of your way to act interested in what they are doing Almost immediately, you notice that the performance of your employees improves According to the discussion in our textbook, this improvement in your employees performance could be referred to as a.the Peters effect b.the Hawthorne effect c.employee empowerment d.the Mayo effect e.the contingency approach Suppose you were hired as the manager of a small paint factory A few days into the job, you sensed that your workers were very poorly motivated to perform After visiting with several of your workers, it became clear to you that none of the workers felt that anyone in management cared about them as people As a result, you started paying attention to your workers and showed interest in what they were doing Almost immediately, you noticed that morale improved and productivity went up This type of finding a.the Peters effect b.the Hawthorne effect c.employee empowerment d.the Mayo effect e.the contingency approach Which of the following producers would be characteristic of small-batch technology? a.a soft-drink bottler b.an automobile manufacturer c.a trophy engraving shop d.an oil refinery e.a popular toy doll producer The managerial perspective that proposes that there is no one best approach to management, rather the best approach depends upon the situation, is known as the a.classical perspective b.behavioral perspective c.quantitative perspective d.systems perspective e.contingency perspective Larry Willes has been a manager at Mass Mutual Life Insurance for ten years He believes that employees enjoy work and are self-motivated and self-directed toward achieving organizational goals Larry's beliefs fit which of McGregor's notions? a.theory X b.theory A c.theory C d.theory K e.theory Y According to the systems perspective, a system can be viewed as a combination of which of the following three building blocks? a.inputs, outputs, and feedback b.inputs, outputs, and transformation c.planning, inputs, and outputs d.inputs, outputs, and control e.planning, organizing, and controlling A manager is analyzing whether to change the price of a product that s/he sells In doing so, the manager studies and estimates the effects that the price change might have on profits, cash flow, number of employees needed, etc this represents what approach to management? a.systems theory b.load chart theory c.communication aspects of management d.operations research e.Scientific Management A thermostat that controls the furnace in a house is an example of a.entropy system b.output system c.open system d.closed system e.mixed use system The ABC corporation had not investigated or studied its assembly line workers in many years When they did eventually conduct a study of employee productivity by using both a study and a control group, they were surprised by the results Both groups displayed significant changes in their output levels The ABC corporation attributed these productivity gains as not being caused by their manipulations, but rather by some other human behavior event, perhaps a feeling of value to the organization because of the a.contingency approach b.Mayo effect c.Hawthorne effect d.McGregor effect e.Barnard effect Which of the following departments in an organization is most likely to be an open system? a.marketing b.accounting c.production d.finance e.maintenance Which of the following management scholars proposed the theory X and theory Y models of management? a.Chester Barnard b.William Ouchi c.Frederick Taylor d.Elton Mayo e.Douglas McGregor The perspective recognizes that all of the perspectives of management discussed in the textbook might be used alone or in combination for different situations a.contingency b.behavioral c.systems d.quantitative e.classical A software development company in the southern United States actively recruits new college graduates in order to get the latest ideas and not remain stagnant This firm believes that if it does not continually receive inputs from its environment, that it will eventually die This software development firm is attempting to combat a.trophy b.synergy c.contingency d.entropy e.throughput As a manager of a fast food establishment, Dave Terpstra believed that he had to coerce and threaten his teenage employees to get them to work effectively in the restaurant Mr Terpstra is a proponent of which type of management style? a.theory Z b.theory K c.contingency theory d.theory X e.theory Y represent(s) information about the status and performance of the system a.Open systems b.Synergy c.Feedback d.Transformation processes e.Entropy Which of the following is not discussed as one of the basic characteristics of the management science perspective? a.A realization of the importance of employee creativity and means to capture employees' ideas and input b.A primary focus on problems or situations that require some direct action, or decision, on the part of management c.The decision-making process requires that the decision-maker select some alternative course of action d.To assess the likely impact of each alternative on the stated criteria, a quantitative model of the decision situation must be formulated e.Computers are quite useful in the complex problem-solving process The managerial perspective which has its roots in scientific management and uses math and statistics for decision-making is known as the a.classical perspective b.behavioral perspective c.quantitative perspective d.technological perspective e.contingency perspective According to the perspective, systems are distinguished by whether or not they interact with the external environment a.systems b.classical c.behavioral d.contingency e.scientific management Which of the following perspectives of management thought has benefited most directly from improvements in computer technology? a.contingency perspective b.classical perspective c.behavioral perspective d.quantitative perspective e.systems perspective Suppose that you are self-motivated and self-directed toward achieving your company's goals If this were the case, you would probably fit into which of McGregor's categories of people? a.theory X b.theory Z c.theory Y d.contingency theory e.theory K 47 Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis True - False Questions Since diversity is now commonplace in most organizations, future managers need not be concerned with this issue True False Elton Mayo, Frederick Taylor, and Douglas McGregor are all identified with the classical perspective of management True False Henri Fayol was the first to recognize that successful managers had to understand the basis managerial functions of planning, leading, organizing, and controlling True False Oil refineries, flour mills, and chemical processors utilize continuous-process technology True False Political factors that influence management thought involve the availability, production, and distribution of resources within a society True False Frederick Taylor felt that a single supervisor could not be an expert at all tasks True False Mary Parker Follett concluded that coordination was a key to effective management True False The contingency perspective asserts that managers are responsible for determining which managerial approach is likely to be most effective in a given situation True False Technological factors that influence management thought involve advances and refinements in any of the devices used in conjunction with conducting business True False Small-batch technology is typified by workers who produce custom-made products in relatively small quantities True False Administrative management focuses on the overall organizational system True False The contingency perspective proposed that managerial style is situation-specific True False The ethnic, racial, and gender composition of today's workforce is becoming increasingly homogenous True False Elton Mayo's (the Hawthorne Studies) work represented a transition from scientific management to the early human relations movement True False CAD, CAM, and FMS are factors that exemplify global influences on management thought True False Scientific management focuses on the overall organizational system True False Theory Z managers perceive that their subordinates have an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if at all possible True False Henri Fayol specialized in time-and-motion studies to determine the most efficient way to perform tasks True False The contingency approach is also referred to as "management science." True False Chester Bernard developed a theory of authority and believed that authority flows from the ability of subordinates to accept or reject an order True False Traditional authority is based upon a set of impersonal rules and regulations that apply to all employees True False Fayol advocated an order principle which stated that everything and everyone should be in their proper place True False Frank Gilbreth identified seventeen work elements (such as lifting and grasping) and called them therbligs True False Scientific management focuses on the productivity of the individual worker True False The behavioral perspective has its roots in the management experiences that occurred in the rapidly expanding manufacturing environment that typified U.S and European industrialization True False Douglas McGregor proposed the theory X and theory Y styles of management True False The Family and Medical Leave Act was passed in 1993, changing the way managers must administer their leave policies This law is an example of an economic influence on the evolution of management thought True False William Ouchi identified and described three different types of technology: small-batch technology, massproduction technology, and continuous-process technology True False The contingency perspective was developed at the time of, and as a result of, the industrial revolution in the United States and Europe True False Frederick Winslow Taylor, using Scientific Management, believed that money was the way to motivate workers to their fullest capabilities True False Suppose you work for a firm that uses time-and-motion studies to determine the most efficient way to perform tasks You would be benefiting from some of the early research in this area done by Frank Gilbreth True False In the future, cultural, racial, and gender diversity will have a huge influence on management thinking True False The behavioral perspective is characterized by the use of mathematics, statistics, and other quantitative techniques for management decision making and problem-solving True False Douglas McGregor is identified with theory Z management True False Mary Parker Follett conducted the famous Hawthorne experiments True False Charismatic authority is based upon a set of impersonal rules and regulations that apply to all employees True False Theory Y management is based on the assumption that once a trusting relationship with workers is established, production will increase True False Feedback represents information about the status and performance of the system True False A Theory X manager motivates employees by threatening them with corrective action while a Theory Y manager motivates employees by offering greater compensation True False Environmental factors which influence management thought include economic, political, social, technical, and global factors True False Frederick W Taylor is most closely identified with administrative management True False The bureaucratic management perspective stresses impersonality and technical competence in the selection and promotion of employees True False Bureaucratic management focuses on the productivity of the individual worker True False Technological advances in information processing make the largest contributions to the areas of human behavior True False Open systems presume that an organization does not need to interact with its environment True False Synergy is defined as a phenomenon whereby an organization can accomplish more when its subsystems work together than it can when they work independently True False The behavioral perspective is the oldest formal viewpoint of management True False Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis Free Text Questions Describe two social influences that are likely to affect management thinking and behavior in the future Answer Given First, the increasing predominance of two-income families is shaping management thinking Many firms are taking advantage of this trend by providing products that help busy two-income households cope with the demands on their time Examples include fast-food restaurants such as McDonalds, take-home restaurants such as Boston Market, house-cleaning services such as Molly Maids, and child-care facilities From a Strategic Human Resources Management perspective, managers at some firms are adjusting to the increasing predominance of twoincome families by putting in place on-site child care Other innovations of this nature include after-school care for school-age children, telecommuting (allowing parents to work from home), and flexible hours (allowing parents to schedule their work day around family responsibilities) Second, the aging of the American population is influencing management thinking and behavior Many firms, such as Wal-Mart and Home Depot have found a valuable labor source in near-retirement age men and women Senior citizen discounts are common at most restaurants and hotels Many companies produce products and services with an older population in mind Examples include health drinks like Ensure, vacation destinations such as the Disney Institute in Orlando, Florida, and entire communities dedicated retirement living Discuss the role that scientific management played in the evolution of management thought Do you believe that the principles of scientific management have useful applications today? Answer Given Scientific management played a major role in increasing the productivity of the individual worker By using scientific techniques, Frederick Taylor, Frank Gilbreth, and other scientific management researchers were able to study the ways workers performed their jobs and offer suggestions that increased efficiency The innovations that resulted from this work included time-and-motion studies, a better understanding of the worker/machine interface, and piecework compensation Scientific management, however, has been criticized for its overemphasis on efficiency and for presupposing that there is one best way to perform every job By telling a worker specifically how to perform his or her job, scientific management robs the worker of individual creativity Moreover, the scientific management approach fell short of understanding the behavioral aspects of work motivation Taylor, for example, felt that money was the way to motivate workers, and that this could be accomplished through a carefully designed piecework compensation system The principles of scientific management continue to influence management thought through the application of scientific techniques to improve workplace efficiency This line of thinking, however, must be combined with behaviorally oriented work design and worker motivation to maximize efficiency and effectiveness Mary Parker Follett believed that conflict could actually be a positive force in an organization Under what circumstance could this be true? Answer Given Conflict can be a positive force if it is constructive and forces managers and employees to defend their assumptions for doing business and consider new alternatives A natural temptation for many firms is to get into a routine, get comfortable, and resist change Conflict can be constructive if it forces managers to ask the questions, "Should we be doing something differently?," or "should we rethink our plans?" A total lack of conflict in an organization might provide a false sense of security and engender resistance to change Describe the difference between theory X and theory Y Would you rather work for a manager who help the Theory X or Theory Y assumptions? Why? Answer Given Managers who hold Theory X perceptions believe that subordinates have an inherent dislike for work and will avoid it if possible As a result, managers who hold Theory X assumptions believe that subordinates need to be coerced, directed, or threatened in order to get them to work toward the achievement of organizational goals The manager would be more directive and controlling Managers who hold Theory Y assumptions perceive that subordinates enjoy work and will gain satisfaction from their jobs Mangers who hold Theory Y assumptions probably would encourage their employees to seek responsibility, display ambition, and use their creativity and ingenuity when working toward the achievement of organizational goals Almost all of your students will say that they would rather work for a theory Y manager Be sure to encourage your students to justify their answer from an employees perspective Will organizational success be guaranteed if each individual employee in an organization optimizes his or her work? Explain your answer Answer Given No Most organizations are multifaceted, and an individual optimizing his or her work area may so at the expense of another work area in the firm For instance, the marketing department of a firm may optimize its function by landing a large order But if the marketing department had to agree to a number of product modifications to get the big order, that might be very damaging to the efficiency and effectiveness of the manufacturing department and the firm as a whole This is why managers are needed; to administer and coordinate resources in an effort to achieve the goals of the organization ... behavioral perspective is the oldest formal viewpoint of management True False Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis Free Text Questions Describe two... b.theory Z c.theory Y d.contingency theory e.theory K 47 Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis True - False Questions Since diversity is now commonplace... c.Political d.Economic e.Social 88 Free Test Bank for Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders 5th Edition Lewis Multiple Choice Questions - Page As a new head football coach, Chris Lopez encouraged