is assassinated by anarchist Theodore Roosevelt becom.:.:e:::s ::.:=_c==~• J P Morgan buys Carnegie Sted Company from Andrew Carnegie and forms U.S S teel Corporation, creating monopoly in US steel industry and n -4.g!l~~~~2' '~~~~iE !!!'~~~~li!:~~~-I nation's fi rst billion-dollar journalists and writers, such as Upton Sinclair, Platt Amendment asserts US right to intervene in Lincoln Steffens Ida Tarbell and Jacob Riis who Cuban affairs and gives US permanent military spurred reform by exposing corruption and scandal base at Guantanamo in business and n 'eaty with Britain gives U.S control Massive earthquake in San Francisco California , across Central American isthmus results in fi res that destroy 28.000 buildin gs and More than 100,000 mine workers in Pennsylvania leave more than 225,000 homeless and 3.000 dead; join Anthracite Coal Strike, eventually winning is estimated at shorter workdays and higher wages with help from National Monuments Act, President Roosevelt's arbitration of 18 national monuments Hepburn Act gives Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) power to set maximum freight rates and review financial records of railroads Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act provide for government inspection of meatpacking and ban use of unsafe additives in food and allowing Boston Americans beat Pittsburgh Pirates in first World Series With political and military support from U.S., Panama gain s independence Irom Colombia, and Roosevelt official izes ic of Panama Hay-Buneau- Varilla Treaty with Panama gives U.S control of I O-mile-wide zone for Panama Canal 1909 and Japan Pacific Roosevelt sends 16 new U.S battleships later called the " Great White Fleet," on world tour as show of U.S sea Roosevelt establishes National Commission for the Conservation of Natural Resources Ford uses assembly line to produce inexpensive M odel T a utomobile Howard Taft (R) With Roosevelt's is elected as 27th W.E.B Dubois and o thers fo und National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 1910 1911 Declaring war on G ermany U S officially enters World War I, eventually sending mo re tha n million soldiers into battle Committee on Public Information is formed to produce propaganda in favor of U.S involvement in Jane Addams publishes Twen ty Years at /filII HOllse, B_ _+-'-W-'-'o: :r.:.: ld=-W : :.,oa:: r :.I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ autobiographical account of her work to help Congress passes Selective SerJ'ice Act autho rizing immigrants and poor working peo ple in Chicago registration and dra li of all men between the ages Illin ois of 21 and 30 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City Congress passes Espional(l' Act, making it illegal to interfere with success of U.S armed forces or kills 146 garment workers, exposing inhumane industrial working conditions and helping gain for' fire codes and labor laws states ies Revolution bcgins in Russia; Bolshevik Party overthrows government and signs an armistice with Central Powers ending Russia 's participation in World War J In speech before Congress, Wilson describes his Fourteen Points for democracy, free trade, and peace in Europe and the formation of a League of Nations to future wars Act revises Espionage A ct, effectively any public criticism of US policy during Under Espionage and Seditioll Act.l; Socialist Party leader and five-time presidential candidate Eugene V Debs is sentenced to 10 years in prison is released in 1921 for anti-war More than 85 ,000 US soldiers help Allies win of the Marne, last maj,0 =er~m~a~n_ _ Second offensiveBattle of war ~r_G Allied troops take the offensive; U.S leads Allied forces to victory at Battle of Argonne; battle ends with signing of Armistice Treaty, ending combat in World War I 18th Amendment (Prohibition) is ratified , prohibiting manufacture, sale, and distribution of uor in U.S Treaty of Ver.failles is signed between Allies and Germany, ofTicially ending World War I and of Nations France Russia (1914-17) United States (1917- 18) Japan Italy Belgium Serbia and I -+~:;~~;S~2~~~~~~~~~~~~~-t F Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatshy is published, considered by many as defining work of 1920s "Scopes Monkey Trial" in Tennessee sparks national debate over teaching evolution in public schools Ernest Hemingway's The S un Alw Rises is published, establishin g his leadership in " Lost Generation" writers of 1920s ex pressing post-war disillusionment with American values and culture Charles Lindbergh completes first solo nonstop flight across Atlantic in Spirit of St Louis, traveling 3,600 miles from New York to Paris in 33'1, hours executed in Massachusetts for robbery and murder; many Americans believe verdict was unfair and motivated New York Yankee Babe Ruth sets record with 60 home runs in one season Agricultural Adju •tment Act pays farmers to reduce crop areas in order to reduce surpluses and raise values Tennessee Valley Authority A ct provides economic development and electricity generation in Tennessee River watershed Administration is established to 18th Amendment goes into enect, beginning Prohibition in U.S Reacting in fear to Russian Revolution of 1917, US officials arrest more than 6,000 Americans as communists William Faulkner's novel The Sound and the Fury is published, depicting economic decline of a family in post-Civil War South; considered by many to be Faulkner's most important literary work Stock market crashes ("Black Thursday" on October 24 and "Black Tuesday" on October 29) mark end of "Roaring Twenties" and beginning of d~ C U;~0 C ;f~w;0;m;e;n-~~==fGre ~~at~~~~~~:::::::::::::~ W34 ~1~ ~c~a~r~r~fu~C;h;a~pm;a;n~C;~t~~~;o~u;n~s;L;;a;g~ Voters 19th US 18th Roosevelt announces his Good Neighbor Policy promising to refrain from armed intervention in L A If atm mencan: a=· =a:.: 'r.=.s _ ~nMMHu~Loog Moou~9h~~~reOur Wealth" plan to redistribute wealth in U.S by National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is created to regulate union elections and protect workers' and strike United Automobile Workers (UAW) is founded as national labor union for a utoworkers WPA (Works Progress 1iJ-=c +F ::,: ':·r"st=-=N=eu-'-t ' ::':=-= ral=-=-itY::':A::':::':ct::':-'-::': im p':"'o'::s'::e:2s ::':em =b::':a::':rg:':o~n ms -II o- ar-Administration) shipments to belligerents and restricts American travel on Build dams to control /looding, provide cheap electricity, and increase agricu ltural production in seven southern states Provide jobs building roads and highways, bridges, schools, airports, parks, and other is re-elected as president Third Neutrality Act extends provisions of Neutrality Act of 1936 to civil wars, and empowers It -+~==~ :::::.:-~~ = ; :: ::-: , -:: I president to restrict non munitions sales to a "cash basis Japanese attack Nanking, China, killing more than 300,000 in what becomes known as "Rape of 1938 Germany annexes Austria, completing Hitler's dream of Anschluss (joining of Germany and Conserve resources and provide jobs for young men to work on environmental projects, such as planting trees, building roads and parks, and fighting soil on federal lands FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) PWA (Public Works Administration) Build ports, schools, and other public works to provide employment and revive American ind Supply electricity to rural US begins Manhattan 1943 Zoot Suit Riots break out Mexican Americans in Rosie the Riveter becomes a famous US propaganda symbol of WWII and helps recruit millions of women to work in wartime industries' and needed civilian services Administer national pension fund for elderly, unemployed, children, and people with disabilities Communist leader Ho Chi Minh takes power in Vietnam 1t -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%y.~~P 1p, .4;;~~;:';~iI!~;~I!!I!!!!!I!!!I!II!•• ~~~~ areas ~~~ ~~~~~~~ Restore stability of stock I market and prevent abuses in and "Baby Boom" era of increased birth rate begins; by mid-1960s, more than 70 million babies are born in U.S Winston Churchill uses term "iron curtain" to describe Europe's division between Western powers and area controlled by communist Soviet Union Dr Benjamin Spock's Thl! Common Sense Book of Bilby and Child Care is published, eventually becoming one of the best-selling books of all time Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) is established to place nuclear power management under civilian control Truman Doctrine outlines U.S plan to limit spread of communism through political, military, and economic assistance to democratic nations Jackie Robinson President Truman relieves General Douglas MacArthur after disagreements over policy in Korea J.D Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye is published, expressing alienation of youth amid 1950s conservatism and Cold War 1952 western Europe and limit spread of communism Taft-Hartley Act prohibits certain labor union activities and outlaws closed-shop, union-only US, Department of Defense, National Security Council, and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) are established plane, pilot Chuck sound lIouse Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) targets communist sympathizers in entertainment' lead to blacklists 1948 Israel is officially declared a nation; surrounding Arab nations immediately declare war and attack Israel [n first major crisis of Cold War, Berlin Blockade begins with Soviet Union blocking all access to Soviet-controlled Berlin 1955 first theme park, Disneyland, Executive Order 9981, uality of treatment and ordering n armed forces (D) is elected as president by 1949 1956 George Orwell's 1984 is published, ~A'H~"O""5 fears of Cold War and totalitarian USSR detonates atomic bomb, starting arms race with U.S 1950 Eisenhower describes "domino theory" (if one country falls to communism, others will follow) as reasoning behind his foreign policy in Indochina In Brown v, Topeka Board of Education, Supreme Court orders school desegregation and rules "separate but equal" policies unconstitutional, overturning 1896 Plessy v decision Geneva Convention issues declaration for peace in Indochina, dividing region into three nations (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) and Vietnam at 17th Senate censures Senator McCarthy for contempt and reckless behavior; his power and influence end Ray Kroc opens first McDonald's franchise, eventually making it world's largest restaurant chain Jonas Salk announces development of polio vaccine, which eventually eliminates polio as health threat in U.S Warsaw Pact creates military alliance among communist states in Central and Eastern Rosa Parks refuses to give up bus seat to white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama, and Bus American Federation of Labor (AFL) and Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) merge to form AFL-CIO and become country's dominant labor National Interstate and Defense Highways Act authorizes and funds construction of 41,000 miles of interstate din~ r or "ate ,pel'ts; 1963 James Meredith becomes first African American student at University of Mississippi; ensuing violent riots lead President Kennedy to scnd federal to that state In Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy denounces Soviet Union for installing missile bases on Cuba and initiates naval blockade of island; confrontation nearly leads to war between U.S and Soviet Union Alabama Governor George Wallace declares, Feminine Mystique is women's movement Supreme Court rules that state courts must provide counsel to any criminal defendant unable to afford Bob Dylan releases "Blowin' in the Wind," establishing his leadership in folk music revival of 1960s Usc of fire hoses and police dogs on African American demonstrators in Birmingham, Alabama , is telcvised, evoking widespread for Civil U.S Hot Line Agreement establishes direct communications link between Washington , D.C , and Moscow to reduce risk of nuclear war In support of civil rights, more than 200,000 participate in March on Washington, where Dr Martin Luther King, Jr., delivers famous "I Have a Dream" Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, kills four young girls, that prohibiting is unconstitutional Worst riot of decade occurs in Detroit, Michigan; part of series of urban riots known as the hot summer" Thurgood is confirmed as first African American Court Justice Tet Offensive is launched by North Vietnamese forces, causing U.S public opinion to turn the war m"TrI"''''< 1968 Supreme Court rules that criminal suspects have right to counsel during police Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination in education, employment, and public places, and empowcrs federal government to enforce Following attack of two U.S destroyers by North Vietnamese boats, Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorizes President Johnson to use 1969 -==l~~~~Ji~~~~~~~~~~~L=tli 1970 _ Apollo II successfully lands on moon ; Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin become first to walk on moon Woodstock Festival begins in White Lake, New York , and becomes symbol of 1960s counterculture More than 250,000 demonstrators march on Washington D.C to peacefully protest Vietnam War First episode of Sesame Streef airs on public television , pioneering the use of television to both teach and entertain children Maya Angelou's I KnolV Why the Caged Bird Sings is published an autobiography describing racism of the 1930s and 1940s First Earth Day celebration is held with millions of Americans participating in anti lution demonstrations Ohio National Guard soldiers kill at Kent State University during student protest against Vietnam War Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is founded 1979 African American State "Dot-com bubble" (period of investment and speculation in Internet firms starting in 1995) bursts in U.S stock market, causing federal government to drastically cut interest rates (which leads to the "real-estate bubble" a few dissolves and becomes newly Russian Federation In meeting at Camp David, President Bush and ~ t.::h::n: a~ 3::: 0::.0:::.0:::.Am = .::e :.r.:.ic :.a-'n :s.::a: :: :.::il:': re k~le-'-:d h w ' e A n -'-' ~ IRussian president Boris Yeltsin officially declare end Wl f-M:.:o::re : to Cold War Qaeda terrorists crash two hijacked jets into Twin Towers of World Trade Center in New York City a third jet into Pentagon near Washington D.C and a fourth into a rural field in Pennsylvania: catastrophic events collectively become known as 9-11 U.S and British forces invade Afghanistan to pursue AI-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden and remove extremist Taliban Unilin!? and Strengthellill!? America hy Pr()l'iding Appropriate Tools Reqllired to Intercept and Ohstruct Terrorism Act of2()()J (commonly known as the "Patriot Act") increases power of U.S law enforcement agencies to search private communications and records and detain suspects: critics warn act violates civil IH~~~~~;;;; Iran-Contra scandal exposes Reagan administration officials trading arms to Iran in return for secret funding of Contras (Nicaraguan rebels opposing their Cuban-affiliated Il -L~~~~~.&~~~~~~~~ -:-: -II~~~~! -+:"::"==:'::" 1~;Y;-;=":"" -I U.S $5.95 NOTE TO STUDENTS : T his guide is intended for inio rmational purposes o nly ()uc 10 its condensed fo r mal this guide ca n n ot cove r every aspect o f the subJcc t; rat he r il is intended fo r usc in conjunction with course work and assigned texIS, Neither BarChart:\, Inc it~ writers editors nor design sta fT u re in an y way respo ns ible or li' lble lor the uSC or misuse of the inl(JTmation contained in t!1i ~ guide COl\'T E:"IlT PROVIDED BY: Expert Edition£, Inc All conten t conforms to National Standards for the subjec t ,'II righls r~'\Cr.ed ;-":" pan Of lhi< publIcation may he r~l' ro