ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH 12 ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU )

ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU ) ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU ) ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU ) ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU ) ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU ) ÔN THI TIẾNG ANH ( NGỮ PHÁP+ kĩ NĂNG VIẾT + kĩ NĂNG ĐOC HIỂU )

TENSES

1 Simple present: (hiện tại đơn)

 Nhận dạng: always, usually, often, frequently, sometimes, seldom, never, every,

He does homework after dinner.

b Sự thật hiển nhiên, lời nói khái quát

The sun rises in the east.

Water boils at 100oC

c Hành động đặc trưng

He speaks English very well.

 Ví dụ:

1 Nam usually gets up early.

2 They work five days a week

3 Does she go to school everyday?

comes, sells, tries

2 Simple past: (quá khứ đơn)

 Nhận dạng: yesterday, ago, last, in 2003,… động từ của mệnh đề when

 Công thức: S +V 2 ed………/be (was,were)

 Cách dùng:

1 Hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ xác định

Lucy phoned me last night.

Jane left for Chicago yesterday.

2 Những hành động diễn ra kế tiếp nhau trong quá khứ

He pulled out his gun He fired twice The first bullet missed Willy The second killed him…

 Ví dụ:

1 The train left the station late last night

2 They visited Big Ben 10 days ago

3 Did he write a letter yesterday?

 Cách phát âm “ed”:

3 Present continuous: (hiện tại tiếp diễn)

 Nhận dạng: now, at the moment, right now, at present, theo sau câu mệnh lệnh

 Công thức: S + am/is/are + Ving……

Lưu ý về thành lập hiện tại phân từ:

a Động từ tận cùng bằng e thì bỏ e thêm ing

drive – driving

write – writing

smile – smiling

b Động từ có một âm tiết, tận cùng bằng một phụ âm và trước phụ âm là một

nguyên âm thì gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm ing

run – running

sit – sitting

set – setting

 Cách dùng:

a Hành động đang xảy ra ở hiện tại

She is talking on the phone at the moment.

We are studying English now.

b Hành động được sắp đặt cho một tương lai gần

My friend is coming to see me next week.

They are visiting their teacher next Sunday.

 Ví dụ:

1 Hong is studying English now.

2 Listen! A baby is crying

4 Past continuous: (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

 Nhận dạng: at 3 yesterday, at 9 last night……, while, when

 Công thức:

 Cách dùng:

a Hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ

He was reading at 10 last night.

They were watching TV at 3 yesterday afternoon.

b Hành động xảy ra song hành trong quá khứ

Kent was playing tennis while Toby was cooking.

While mother was listening to the news, father was reading a newspaper.

c Hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ khi có 1 hành động khác xen vào

When he came, we were having dinner.

S + was / were + V-ing…

My brother was typing when his pen pal arrived.

5 Present perfect: (hiện tại hoàn thành)

 Nhận dạng: just, ever, never, recently, since, for, lately, before, ……

 Lưu ý: “yet” được dùng trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn và nó luôn đặt ở cuối câu

 Công thức: S + has/have + V3 ed……… has dùng cho he, she, it

 Ví dụ:

1 Na has lived here for 3 years.

2 We haven’t eaten lunch yet.

3 Have you ever been to London?

 Cách dùng:

a Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ tiếp tục đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai

I have written five books so far.

b Hành động vừa xảy ra

John has just left his office.

c Hành động diễn ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian

She has been to Prague twice.

6 Simple present: (tương lai đơn)

 Nhận dạng: tomorrow, next, tonight, in 2012,…………

 Công thức: S + will/shall + Vo……

 Ví dụ:

1 She ……… here next week (be, will be, will, is)

2 He ………… a bus to school tomorrow (takes, will take, would take, took)

3 They ……… a new stadium in 2015 (built, build, will build, are building)

 Cách dùng:

Hành động có thể xảy ra trong tương lai

He will fly to Sydney tomorrow.

We will move to a quieter neighborhood.

* BE GOING TO:

A Thành lập: S + be going to + Vo

B Cách dùng:

a Biểu thị ý định (intention)

I am going to buy a cell phone tomorrow.

They are going to go to the movie theater next Saturday.

b Biểu thị một tương lai gần (near future)

The bus is going to start.

WISH (ƯỚC MUỐN)

1 Thể hiện một ước muốn không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại

Ex: I wish I had a new card now.

Form:

Đối với động từ to be thì were đi với tất cả các ngôi.

Ex: She wishes she were a film star now.

2 Thể hiện một ước muốn không thể xảy ra trong tương lai

Ex: I wish I would be a doctor next month.

Form:

3 Thể hiện ước muốn không thể xãy ra trong quá khứ

Ex: I wish I had met her at your birthday party last night.

IF + S + V ( quá khứ ), S + WOULD ( COULD, MIGHT ) + V (nguyên mẫu)

(be luôn dùng were trang trọng hơn dù chủ từ số ít hay nhiều )

Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động

1 Lấy tân ngữ ở câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ ở câu bị động

2 Thêm động từ “to be”, nhưng phải cùng thì với câu chủ động

3 Đưa động từ (V) ở câu chủ động xuống, nhưng phải ở dạng Past Paticiple

4 Đưa chủ ngữ ở câu chủ động xuống làm tân ngữ cho câu bị động, trước nó

a Jane completes the reports very well

 The reports are completed very well by Jane.

b Mai doesn’t make a cake

 A cake isn’t/ is not made by Mai.

c Do they prepare the lesson well every day?

 Is the lesson prepared well (by them) every day?

2 Present progressive tense:

Form:

a She is doing the exercises at the moment

 The exercises are being done by her at the moment.

b Hoa and Tam aren’t cooking dinner now

 Dinner isn’t being cooked by Hoa and Tam now

S + V(o/s/es) + O ……

S + am/is/are + V(pp) + by+ O

S + am/is/are + V-ing + O ……

S + am/is/are + being + V(pp) .+ by + O (……)

c Are they singing a merry song?

 Is a merry song being sung?

3 Present perfect tense:

Form:

a They have built a swimming pool in my school

 A swimming pool has been built in my school (by them).

b They haven’t built a swimming pool in my school

 A swimming poolhasn’t been built in my school (by them).

c Have they built a swimming pool in my school?

 Has a swimming pool been built in my school (by them)?

4 Simple past tense:

Form:

a Lan saw this film last week

 This film was seen by Lan last week

b Lan didn’t see this film last week

This film wasn’t seen by Lan last week

c Did Lan see this film last week?

Was this film seen by Lan last week?

5 Past progressive tense:

Form:

a She was doing the exercises at 9 last night

 The exercises were being done (by her) at 9 last night.

b She wasn’t doing the exercises at 9 last night

 The exercisesweren’t being done (by her) at 9 last night.

c Was she doing the exercises at 9 last night?

Jane can complete the reports tomorrow.

The reports can be completed by Jane tomorrow

REPORTED SPEECH

1 Câu phát biểu S1+ said (to O1, ):“S + V + O” S1+ said (that) + S2+ V(lùi

thì) + O

2 Câu hỏi Yes / No S1+ asked+ O: “Do/ Does/Will/

Can+ S + V0+ O?”

S1+ asked + If/Whether + S2+ V(lùi thì) + O

3 Câu hỏi với vấn từ (what,

how, where…)

S1+ asked+ O:“Wh- + aux + S +

V0+ O?”

S1+ asked + O + Wh + S2+V(lùi thì) + O

4 Câu mệnh lệnh khẳng định S1+ told + O “V0………….” S1+ told + O + to - V0…

5 Câu mệnh lệnh phủ định S1+ told + O “DON’T + V0…” S1+ told + O + not to – V0…

6 Câu lời khuyên S1+ told + O “S + should + V0” S1+ told + S + should + V0…

3 Thay đổi các trạng từ:

Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật

next week

next year

the following weekthe following year

tomorrow the next day

the following day

4 Thay đổi động từ “V”:

Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật

“am / is / are” was / were “V0 / s / es” V2/ed

“am / is / are + Ving” was / were + V ing “will + V0” would + V 0

“can + V0” could + V 0 “may + V0” might + V 0

“must / have to + V0” had to + V 0 “should + V0”

“ought to+V0”

should +V 0 ought to + V 0

S + modals + V(0) + O …

S + modals + be + V(pp) + by + O (……)

USED TO – BE / GET USED TO

1 USED TO: (thường, đã từng)

- Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ nhưng nay không còn nữa.

USED TO + V (inf) Ex: - When I was young, I used to swim once a day.

- Did your father use to drink tea in the morning?

- He didn’t use to do exercises.

2 BE / GET USED TO : (trở nên quen với)

Chỉ thói quen hoặc việc thường xảy ra ở hiện tại

BE / GET USED TO + V ing (GERUND) / NOUN

Ex:

I am used to watching TV in the afternoon.

He gets used to the bus delay.

1 Câu nói là câu mệnh lệnh Thành lập câu hỏi đuôi, người ta dùng “will you?”

Ex: Don’t forget, will you?

2 Câu nói dùng “Let’s” Thành lập câu hỏi đuôi, người ta dùng “shall we?”

Ex: Let’s go swimming, shall we?

3 Chủ từ và động từ ở câu nói dùng “I am” Thành lập câu hỏi đuôi, người ta dùng “aren’t I”

S + didn ’ t + V- inf + O, did + S ?

S + V 2/ ed + O, didn ’ t + S ?

Ex: I am late, aren’t I?

4 Câu nói có các từ mang nghĩa phủ định như (no, never, rarely, seldom,

hardly…) thành lập động từ ở câu hỏi đuôi ở thể khẳng định.

Ex: Lan is never angry, is she?

5 Chủ từ ở câu nói là các từ ghép với (No, Any, Every và Some …) Thành lập

chủ từ ở câu hỏi đuôi, người ta làm như sau:

+ Nothing, Anything, Everything: người ta dùng “it”, Noone, Anyone, Everyone: người ta dùng he hoặc she trong câu hỏi đuôi.

+ Something/ somebody: người ta dùng “ They ” trong câu hỏi đuôi.

Ex: Everything is nice, isn’t it?

Ex: Somebody took her book, didn’t they?

6 Chủ từ câu nói dùng (You and I) Thành lập chủ từ câu hỏi đuôi là “ we”

Ex: You and I talked to Mr Green yesterday, didn’t we?

COMPARISION (DẠNG SO SÁNH)

A Equal comparison: (So sánh b ằng)

1 With adjs/ advs: (Với tính từ/ trạng từ)

Ex: She is as tall as her friend

She runs as fast as her friend

2 With nouns: (Với danh từ)

Ex: My house is the same height as his

B Comparatives: (So sánh hơn)

1 With short adjs/ advs: (Với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn)

Ex: A cat can run faster than a dog

2 With long adjs/ advs: (Với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn dài)

S1 + V + as + (adj/ adv) + as + S2 S1 + V (not) + as / so + (adj/ adv) + as + S2

S1 + V + the same + (noun) + as+ S2

S1 + V + (short adj/ adv) + er + than + S2

S1 + V + more + (long adj/ adv) + than + S2

Ex: Lan is more beautiful than Hoa

Ex: David drives more carefully than John

C Superlatives: (So sánh nh ất)

1 With short adjs/ advs: (Với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn)

Ex: Nam is the tallest boy in his class

2 With long adjs/ advs: (Với tính từ/ trạng từ dài)

Ex: This is the most interesting story I have ever heard

He writes the most carefully

 Notes:

1 Một số tính từ/ trạng từ bất quy tắc:

2 Tính từ ngắn gồm các tính từ có một âm tiết, và các tính từ có hai âm tiết tận

cùng bằng y, ow, er, le

Ex: happy – happier clever – cleverer

narrow – narrower simple – simpler

3 Tính từ dài / trạng từ dài gồm các trạng từ có hai âm tiết trở lên không có tận

cùng là y, ow, er, le

Ex: beautiful – more beautiful intelligent – more intelligent

CONNECTIVES: (TỪ NỐI)

1 and: (và):

Dùng để nối hai từ hoặc hai mệnh đề có ý tương đương

Ex: She is beautiful and kind.

2 but (nhưng):

Dùng để nối câu có nghĩa trái ngược nhau

Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy.

S + V + the + (short adj/ adv) + est

S + V + the + most/ least + (long adj/ adv)

3 so (vì thế, vì vậy):

Dùng trong mệnh đề chỉ kết quả

Ex: He’s ill, so she stays at home.

4 Therefore (cho nên):

Dùng thay cho “so”

Ex: He’s ill Therefore, she stays at home.

5 However (tuy nhiên):

Ex: Is your sister tall or short?

RELATIVE CLAUSES (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ):

I THAT

Ex:

- The woman who/that understands me best is my mother.

- The woman whom/that you met yesterday is my mother.

- She is holding the sweet- smelling rose which/that I gave her.

Có thể thay who, whom, which bằng that khi trước nó không có giới từ, không có dấu phẩy (,)

* Các tr ường hợp dùng that:

1 Sau từ đứng trước hỗn hợp (cả người và vật)

Ex: He talked about the people and the things that he had visited

2 Trước danh từ ở dạng so sánh nhất

Ex: He’s the best man that I’ve ever seen

3 Trước danh từ là the first, the last, the same, the only, the very, every, no ,

all, much, little, some, any.

Ex: You are the only person that can help me

4 Sau các đại từ bất định như: some, all, much, any, everyone, noone.

Ex: She has everything that she wants

5 Sau It + be………that…: chính là…

Ex: It is my friend that told me the truth

6 Khi từ đứng trước là ONE OF + danh từ số nhiều + that…

Ex: She is one of the girls that is on duty today

* Trường hợp không dùng that:

Non-defining relative clause dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước nó (tênriêng, danh từ được bổ nghĩa bởi sở hữu tính từ hoặc chỉ định từ this-that-these-those;danh từ được bổ nghĩa bởi cụm tính từ: on the table, of the man…) nó được ngăn cách vớimệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy Ta không thể thay WHO, WHOM, WHICH bằng THAT,

và ta có thể bỏ mệnh đề này đi

Ex: Mrs Mai, who sings folk songs very beautifully, is my English teacher.

II WHO:

Who: Là từ đi liền sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ người làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề

quan hệ

Ex: He is the boy The boy played football very well

 He is the boy who played football very well

Relative clause

The girl is my sister She is standing in front of the shop

 The girl who is standing in front of the shop is my sister

Ex: He is the boy I met him in the school yard

 He is the boy whom I met in the school yard

Relative clause

Combine these sentences, using relative pronouns:

1 He is the man You want to meet him

- Được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật / sự vật/ sự kiện, làm chủ ngữ hoặctân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

- Thay thế cho danh từ nào thì nó đứng liền trực tiếp sau danh từ đó

Ex1: She shows me the table It was made by her father

She shows me the table which was made by her father.

(Which làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ)

Ex2: I bought an English book I gave it to my friend

I bought an English book which I gave to my friend.

(Which làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ)

Ex3: The flowers are so beautiful She gives them to me on my birthday

V WHEN

- When là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian

- When được dùng để thay thế cho “ at / on / in + which ; then”

- When đứng sau từ, cụm từ chỉ thời gian

Example:

I’ll never forget the day I first went to Da Lat on that day

I’ll never forget the day when I first went to Da Lat.

VI WHERE

Dùng để thay thế cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước nó

Ex: She lives in London I came there last year

She lives in London where I came last year

VII WHOSE = OF WHICH

- Thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu (his, her, their…………)

- Hình thức sở hữu cách ( N1 + of + N2 ; N1’s + N2 )

Ex: The manager is very kind His car parks over there.

- The manager whose car parks over there is very kind.

Form:

THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS

Noun + whose +Noun + { S +V (người) (his/ her/their ) {V +O

At home, at the theater, at the seaside

At school, at the corner

At the top, at the bottom, at the end

Ex: in the dining-room, in the box, in the desk

In: được dùng trước đất nước, miền, phương hướng …

Ex: in New York, in Ho Chi Minh City

In Viet Nam, in England

In the west, in the east

In my opinion, in English, in the middle of

3 ON

For time

On được dùng trước ngày trong tuần

Ex: on Monday, on Friday

On được dùng trước ngày tháng

Ex: on May 10, on December 11

On được dung trước ngày tháng năm

On November 20, 1982

ON TIME: đúng giờ

For place:

On: ở trênEx: A cat is on the chair

There are some flowers on the table

On foot, on TV, on radio, on the beach

4 BY

BY được dùng trong câu bị động (có nghĩa “bởi”)

The meal is cooked by Lan

By được dùng để chỉ phương tiện đi lại

He took me to the zoo last weekend

She invited me to the party

6 INTO (vào trong)

She went into the class

INTO: (chống lại = against)

He crashed his bike into the tree

INTO: (được chia)

2 into 8 equals 4 (8 divided by 2 equals 4)

7 OUT OF: (ra ngoài)

He came out of the room

8 WITH:

- Có nghĩa mang, cùng

A girl with brown hair

- Được dùng để chỉ một công cụ, phương tiện

She often writes with a pen

The dog under the table

The picture is on the wall, under the clock

- Ít hơn, thấp hơn

Childen under 18 shouldn’t see this film

THE GERUND

(DANH ĐỘNG TỪ) GERUND: (Danh động từ  là động từ có đuôi “ing”)

1 Cách dùng của danh động từ: (The usage of gerund)

1.1 Danh động từ làm chủ ngữ của câu (Subject of the sentence).

V + ing

Example: Singing is one of my hobbies.

1.2 Danh động từ làm túc từ cho một động từ (Object of a verb).

Example: Her hobby is painting.

1.3 Danh động từ làm túc từ cho một giới từ (Object of a preposition).

Example: She looks forward to answering my questions.

1.4 Đặt trước một danh từ để thành lập một danh từ kép (Compound noun)

Example: sitting – room (phòng khách), a reading lamp (đèn đọc sách), drinking water (nước uống) …

2 Vị trí của danh động từ: (Position of gerund)

2.1 Danh động từ đứng sau giới từ, ngoại trừ giới từ “to”:

Example: He is tired of learning.

You are late in coming.

They spoke about swimming.

Danh động từ đứng sau những động từ và cụm động từ như:

finish Kết thúc Suggest = propose Đề nghị

allow = permit Cho phép Love Yêu, thích

delay=postpone=put off Hoãn lại Dislike Không thích

enjoy Thích, thưởng thức Can’t stand Không thể chịu đựngconsider Chỉ, xem xét Look forward to Trông ngóng

go on = keep mind Tiếp tục Be interested in Thích, quan tâm

Example: He began sending this mail 15 minutes ago.

I stopped smoking when my daughter was 5 years old.

He kept complaining.

She likes going to the park on weekend.

2.3 Danh động từ đứng sau những thành ngữ như:

There is (có), there is no (không), there is much (có nhiều), there is little (có ít),

it is no use (không có ích lợi gì)

it is no good (chẳng ích lợi gì)…

Example: There was talking in the next room.

There is no knowing what may happen.

There was much debating on the subject.

ENOUGH TO / SO …THAT / SUCH … THAT / TOO … TO

1 Enough: (đủ)

Hàm ý xác định (positive meaning), được dùng trong cấu trúc sau:

a Enough (an Adjective): là một tính từ, đứng trước một danh từ.

Enough + Noun + to-infinitive

Ex: Lan has enough money to buy a new English book.

b Enough (an Adverb):

Là một trạng từ, đứng sau một tính từ hay một trạng từ khác

Ex: She is not strong enough to carry this bag.

She is intelligent enough to do this exercise.

2 Too: (quá)

Là một trạng từ, hàm ý phủ định (negative meaning), chỉ sự vượt mứcqui định Too đứng trước một tính (Adj) từ hay một trạng từ (Adv) để bổ nghĩacho từ đó:

Ex: She is too young to watch this program.

She speaks too softly to hear.

Notes: too và so có thể dùng trong cấu trúc sau:

Với cấu trúc này, Object là danh từ hay đại từ sau for là chủ từ của infinitive.

Ex: The film is too boring for me to watch.

3 so/ such … that

a so… that ( quá … đến nỗi)

Ex: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything.

The students study so well that the teacher is proud of them.

 Notes:

+ Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là các động từ chỉ tri giác như: look,

(not) Adj/ Adv+ enough+ to-infinitive

too+ Adj/Adv+ to-infinitive

S + be + so + Adj + that S + V

(Main clause) (Adverbial clause of result)

S + V (thường) + so + Adv + that + S + V Adj/Adv + enough + for + O + to-infinitive too + AdjAdv + for + O+ to-infinitive

appear, seem, feel, taste , smell, sound,…… ta dùng cùng công thức với động từ

to be.

Ex: He feels so happy that he could fly in the sky as a bird.

+ Nếu sau so có many, much, few, little thì ta có cấu trúc:

Ex: He sings so many songs that people feel uncomfortable

Ex: He has so much money that he can buy some expensive cars.

b such … that ( quá … đến nỗi):

It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home.

Chúng ta hãy, người đề nghị cùng thực hiện hành động đó

Ex: Shall we go out for dinner?

3 How about/ What about + Gerund/Noun?

Ex: How about watching cartoon? (Chúng ta hãy xem phim hoạt hình)

4 Why don’t we + V …?

Ex: Why don’t we play table tennis?

S + V + so + many/ few + plural countable noun + that + S + V

(danh từ đếm được số nhiều)

S + V + so + much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V

(danh từ không đếm được)

S + V + such + a/an + Adj + N + that + S + V

Let’s + V…

Shall we + V …?

- Từ that trong câu trên không được bỏ.

- Mệnh đề theo sau suggest có thể ở thì present subjunctive (hiện tại giả định/

Kỹ năng đọc hiểu:

Question 1 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 Listen! My sister in the next room

a is singing b sing c is going to sing d will sing

2 Your son morning exercises everyday

a do b does c is doing d are doing

3 Tomorrow my friend's birthday I some flowers for her

a is / will buy b will be / will buy c is / buy d will be / buy

4 It's often warm summer and cool autumn

7 Are you free today, Paul? No, I am very busy the housework

a in / with b on / of c no word / with d at / to

8 Bob, would you like to go the zoo us on Sunday

- I'd love to, but I am afraid not because I have a lot of exercises to do

a with / to b to / with c to / to d no word / with

9 Thanks ringing I am going to see you at half seven

a of / to b for / to c for / past d of / over

10 Rebecca is English but she isn't England She comes to Vietnam Thailand

a from / in b from / for c for / from d from / from

11 Look that strange man He is looking Lan but Lan isn't here

a for / at b at / for c at / at d after / at

12 Count one one hundred, please

Question 2 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

I arrived in London at last The railway station was big, black and dark I didn’t know the way

to my hotel, so I asked a porter I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.The porter, howerver, could not understand me I repeated my questions serveral times ams at last,

he understood He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly, but I could not understand him My

teacher never spoke English lkie that ! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled Then he

said something and I understood it “ You will soon learn English!” he said I wonder In England,each man speaks a different language The English understand each other, but I don’t understand

them ! Do they speak English ?

1 The writer asked the porter………

a how to speak English

b Where the railway station was

c The direction to the hotel

d If he could speak English

2 The porter couldn’t understand the writer because …………

a The writer did not speak English very carefully

b The writer repeated the questions serveral times

c The porter didn’t know English

d The writer’s English was unusual

3 The writer’s teacher of English ………

a spoke English differently from English people

b Never spoke Englisj in class

c Didn’t speak English slowly

d Didn’t work as a porter

4 In England ………

a People understand one another without speaking English

b People speak English, which is not like the one the write studies at school

c People don’t speak English at all

d Each person speak a different language

5 Which of the following statements is not true ?

a The writer expected everyone in England to speak like his teacher

b At last the writer understood what the porter said

c The porter didn’t feel angry with the writer

d The porter always spoke English slowly and clearly

Question 3 Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only One word in each space.

A rich man and his wife went into a shop to buy a bracelet (1)……… of them wasvery young They looked (2)……… a lot (3)……… beautiful bracelet, and afterhalf (4)……… hour there were two which they likes (5)……… much, butthey had not yet been (6)……… to choose between them One of them was veryexpensive, and the other was quite a (7)……… cheaper

Of course, the shopkeeper (8)……… to sell the more expensive one, because then hewould get more (9) ……… From them, so he (10)……… to the lady, “

Oh, go (11)……… Spend his (12)……… If you don’t, he will only(13)……… it in his second wife “

For serveral seconds (14)……… said a word , and then the lady said angrily, “ I am his(15)……… wife ! “

Question 4 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 It is a quarter one

a over b pass c past d on

2 Are there many students in Room 513?

a Yes, they are b No, they aren't c Yes, there are d No, therearen't

3 Pupils are learning

a English b England c in English d in England

4 Let's play football

- Yes,

a lets b we play c let us do d let's

5 Her birthday is November

a in b on c at d into

6 Maria is the radio

a looking b watching c listening to d hearing to

7 Let's go out to play now

- No, I am doing my homework

a all right b let's not c we don't d let's

8 My young brother can sing but I

a aren't b can c can't d am not

9 When's your birthday?

- It's

a in 1990 b on May 20th c in October d in May 20th

10 Mr Baker want a new raincoat?

a Does b Do c Can d Must

11 The weather is hot in Vietnam

a in winter b in summer c in spring d in autumn

12 Mr Dickson is very tall and big He needs a raincoat

a large size b short c long and big d long and small

13 George is short He needs

a a large size b a medium size c a small size d a big size

14 Excuse me! you speak English?

a Does b Are c Do d Is

15 do you need, Annette?

a What b When c Where d Which

16 Mary me the way to Ho Tay lake

a gives b shows c tell d told

17 That man brings every morning

a them milk b their milk c milk them d milk for them

18 Take these dishes and bowls the kitchen

a in b on c at d into

19 You to the seaside this summer

a are going b are going to go c will go d all are correct

20 I never at home on Sundays

a stay b stays c don't stay d all are correct

Question 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

CHOOSING A CAREER

You should keep in mind that your job will help derermine your future friends and the placewhere you will live, as well as your income In other words, your career means more than just acertain kind of work, it represents a way of life

Another ponit to be aware of in choosing your career is the effect this decision has on yourpresent life Some people think that students who have a career in mind do better work in schoolthan those having no plans for themselves after graduation Others disagree and claim that studentsare better off if they keep an open mind and seek a broad base of knowledge before deciding on acareer.

One serious problem faces you when you select a vocational goal: making the right choice foryourself You should think carefully and make a tentative choice at first It may develop into apermanent goal or it may not But keep an open mind until you know more about the occupation.This will give you an opportunity to seek general knowledge before you attempt to specialze Youwill fund a general educational background to be useful and necessary in almost any job

When you select an occupation, remember to select a job that you think you can do best, bothfor your own satisfaction ans the good of all: You should choose a vocation that will be achallenge to you and yet one in which you can achieve success through your abilities

1 Your decision on a career

a doesn’t affects present life

b Affects your present life

c Help to seek a broad base of knowledge

d Is useful for your family

2 When choosing a vocational goal

a You don’t have to think carefully

b You don’t have to make a tentative choice

c You must make the choice for yourself

3 In what ways does your career represent your way of life ?

a It helps determine the amount of money you will gain from your labor

b It helps determine your futere friends

c It helps determine the place you will live

d All the above statements are correct

4 You should choose a job

a That doesn’t require too must effort

b That is suited to your ability

c That is good for your interest only

d That is easy to do

5 Which of the following ideas is Not stated in the passage ?

a Students who have a career in miond study better than those having no plans for theirfuture work

b It’s better for them to seek knowledge before deciding on a career

c It’s impossible to have basic knowledge of a job they may choose

d It’s impossible that they will find a general educational background to be useful in almostany job

Question 6 Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only One word

in each space.

There (1)……… Abank robberly in central London yesterday Just before closingtime yesterday, a man (2)……… the Butcher Street Branch of the National WestminsterBank He was (3)……… A shotgun, and (4)……… a stocking mask(5)……… His head There were only a few (6)……… in the bank at thetime He made them (7)……… on the floor, and (8)……… thecashier (9) ……… put the (10)……… in the sack As he was leaving the

security guard (11) ……… to ring the alarm The robber ahot him and the guard is now in

St Patrick’s Hospital (12) ……… Are trying to save his life Last night the police(13)……… a man in South London He is now helping the police(14)……… their (15)………

Question VII Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence

1 He eggs, bread and butter

a is wanting b doesn't want c do want d didn't want

2 What time he lunch?

a does / have b do / have c is / having d does / has

3 I need a book but she

a needn't b doesn't c needs not d don't

4 the Pikes in the garden now?

a Is / working b Doesn't / working c Are / working d Do / work

5 There four seasons in a year

a are b be c is d am

6 There

a isn't b aren't c is d are

7 Mrs Mary me English

a teaching b teaches c teach d doesn't teaches

8 We have much in the rainy season

a rainy b rain c raining d rains

9 The Bakers lunch

a having b is having c are having d has

10 I don't have money

a much b many c no d a few

11 is the best football team in our school

a Our b Ours c We d Our’s

12 Many retirers feel useless because they

a do volunteer work b have limited incomes

c aren't working d can't help themselves

13 "It's very painful! I've worked for a long time in my garden," the

woman said

a because b for c by d as soon as

14 The woman has hurt her back for too long

a to bend b by bending c for bending d owing to you bend

15 A lot of passengers who in the ship crash are still suffering from shock

a is b are c was d were

16 "How many ships there in our merchant fleet?" Mr Pike asked me

a had been b have been c had been d are

17 I in this garage as a car mechanic for 15 years

a has been working b have been working c had worked d worked

18 The person who in charge of a car is the conductor

a is b are c was d were

19 She regretted how to ride a bicycle when she was young

a not to learn b not learning c not having learnt d b & c are correct

20 The doctor showed the patient to do some exercises

a what b why c when d how

Question 7 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were chimpanzees Now,however, there is proof that dolphins may be even clever than these big apes

Although a dolphin lives in the sea it is not s fish, It is a manmal It is in many ways, therefore,like human being.

Dolphins hve a simple language They are able to talk to one other, It may be possible for man

to learn how to talk to dolphins But this will not be easy because dolphins can not hear the kind ofsound man can make If man wants to talk to Dolphins, therefoere, he will have to make a thirdlanguage, which both he anf the dolphins can understand

Dolphins are also very friendly towards man They often follow ships There are many stories

of dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters

1 Which animals do people think may be the cleverest ?

a Chimpanzees c Big – apes

b Dolphins d Mammals

2 What other being are dolphins like in may ways ?

b Animals d Man

3 What have scientists discovered about dolphins ?

a They understand simple language

b They can speak English

c Men can now talk to them

d They can teach men their language

4 Why is a third language necessary if man wants to talk to dolphins ?

a Most man do not speak English

b The dolphins language is hard to learn

c Dolphins can not hear man speaking

d Men want to talk to dolphins insecure

5 In what way are dolphins friendly to man ?

a They like interesting things about man

b They often follow ships

c They often jump on to ships

d They seem to like stories

Question 8 Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only ONE word

in each space.

My aunt Jennifer (1) ……… an actress She must (2)……… at least five years (3) ……… In (4)……… Of this, she often appears (5)………the stage as a young girl Jennifer (6)……… have to take (7)……… in a new playsoon This times, sje will (8)……… A girl (9)……… seventeen In the play,she must appear (10)……… a bright red dress and long black stockings.(11)……… year in another play, she had to (12)……… short socks and a bright,

thirty-orange-colored dress If anyone ever asks her how old she (13)…………, she always answers, “

My dear, it must (14)………… terrible to be (15)………… up !”

Question 9 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 We have got high inflation That's why prices keep up

a go b to go c going d to going

2 They wanted to know why they it for her while she could do it by herself

a did b have done c should do d have to do

3 Firemen rescued several people from the floor of the blazing building

a high b top c basement d low

4 When the electricity failed, he a match to find the candles

a rubbed b scratched c struck d started

5 He filled in the necessary forms and for the job

a appealed b asked c requested d applied

6 She is traveling to work by train today because her car is being

a stopped b broken c serviced d rented

7 The film lasted three hours with of 15 minutes between part one and part two

a an interval b a pause c a stop d an interruption

8 I'm very busy at the moment so it may take a time to answer your letters

a little b few c small d some

9 He was wearing a heavy overcoat to himself against the cold

a conceal b protect c cover d wrap

10 It took Michael a long time to find a pair of shoes that him

a liked b fitted c agreed d matched

11 the traffic was bad, I arrived on time

a Although b In spite of c Despite d Even

12 He was unwilling to explain the reason his absence

a for b why c of d that

13 John Jameson is a famous who stole five million pounds from a

bank

a crime b criminal c criminally d criminality

14 your own business can cause a lot of financial worries

a Manage b Managing c Manager d Manageable

15 The surgeons tried their best to save his life, but unfortunately the operation was

a unsuccessfully b successful c successfulness d unsuccessful

16 I understand what you are saying

a perfect b perfectly c perfection d imperfect

17 His promotion to manager was a popular ………

a appoint b appointed c appointment d appointee

18 A holiday in America can be cheap

a surprise b surprised c surprising d surprisingly

19 My colleagues are very pleasant, but the manager was a little

a unfriendly b friendly c friendship d friendless

20 I this morning, and was late for school

a sleep b slept c overslept d oversleep

Question 10 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

WHY DO BIRDS SING ?

People usually sing because they like music or because they feel happy.People usually singbecause they like music or because they feel happy

They express their happiness by singing When a bird sings, however, its song usually meanmuch more than that the bird is happy Birds have many reasons for singing They sing to giveinformation Their songs are their languages

The most beautiful songs are sung by male (cock) birds They sing well they want to attract afemale (hen) bird It is their way of saying that they are looking for a wife

Birds also sing to tell other birds to keep away To a bird, his free or even a branch of a tree, ishis home He does not want strangers coming near him, so he sings to warn them

If a bird ans not sing well, he usually has some other means of giving important information.Some birds dance, spread out their tails or made other sings One bird has a most unusual way offinding a wife It builds a small garden of of shells and flowers

1 Why do people usually sing ?

a They like birds.

b They feel happy

c They want to tell a story

d They like studying music

2 What is one of the chief reasons why birds sing ?

a They are happy

b They are in a good temper

c They want to tell something

d They can sing many songs

3 Which birds sing the most beautiful songs ?

a Birds in a good temper

b Cock birds

c Hen birds

d Female birds which attract male birds

4 What warning does a bird sometimes sing ?

a A warning to keep away

b A warning to come quickly

c A warning about the approach of people

d A warning to stop singing

5 What do most birds usually do if they can not sing well ?

a Warn other birds to go away

b Give their information in another way

c Find a wife

d Fly high in the sky

Question 11 Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only ONE word

in each space.

When I (1) ………… Achild I used (2)………… go to see my grandmother I thought her housewas (3)……… Beautiful as a palace and the garden seemed bigger than a park

(4)……… I grew (5)……… The house and (6)……… Seemed smaller but I

still loved visiting the old lady There wre so many beautiful things in the house Sometimes, I

played (7)……… The doll’s house which was older than Grandmother herself At l(8)

……… times, I looked (9) ………… books (10) ……… were more interestingthan my children’s books at home

Question 12 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 The heavily atmosphere in some industrial regions is called "smog", a word derivedfrom "smoke" and "fog"

a pollute b polluted c pollution d pollutant

2 Why are you always jealous other friends?

a with b of c for d to

3 The form-master was suspicious my intention

a about b of c on d a & b arecorrect

4 He is confident his success in the final examination

a about b of c on d a & b arecorrect

5 I was angry myself for making such a stupid mistake

a with b of c for d to

6 They were furious me for not telling them the truth

a with b of c for d to

7 This chemical is harmful us

a with b of c for d to

8 The monitor is responsible our form-master the class

a with / for b for / to c to / for d with / to

9 We were surprised the way he behaves It was quite out of character

a about b with c at d b & c are correct

10 These days everybody is aware the danger of smoking

a pollute b polluted c pollution d pollutants

14 I'm sorry the smell in this room It's just been painted

a for / on b about / on c about / in d for / in

18 It wasn't polite him to leave without saying a word

a with b to c on d of

19 Two things are very alike, so you say they are the each other

a same with b same as c same like d same about

20 a doctor, I must advise you to give up smoking

a As b To c Like d Else

Question 13 Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

KEEPING OUR TEETH HEALTHY

It is very important to have healthy teeth Good teeth help us chew food They also help us tonice

How does a tooth go bad ? The decay begins in a little crack in the enamel cornering of thetooth This happens after germs and bits of food have collected there Then the decay slowlyspreads inside the tooth Eventually, poison goes into the blood, and we may feel quite ill

How can we keep our teeth healthy ? First, we ought to visit our dentist twice a year, he canfill the small holes in our teeth before they destroy the teeth He can examine our teth to check thatthey are growing in the right way Unfortunately, many people wait until they have toothach beforethey see the dentist

Secondly, we should brush our teeth with a toothbrush and flouride toothpaste at least twice aday – one after breakfast and once before we go to bed We can also use wooden toothpicks toclean between our teeth after a meal

Thirdly, we should eat food that is good for our teeth and our body: milk, cheese, fish, brownbread, potatoes, red rice, raw vegetables and fresh fruit Chocolate, sweet, biscuits and cakes arebad, especially when we eat them between meals They are harmful because they stick to our teethand cause decay

1 Good teeth help us to ………….

a be nice

b have good eyesight

c chew our food

d be important

2 When food and germs collect in a small crack, our teeth…………

a become hard

b begin to decay

c send oison into the blood

d Make us fell quite ill

3 A lot of people visit a dentist oonly when ………

a their teeth grow properly

b they have holes in their teeth

c they have toothach

d they have brushed their teeth

4 We ought to try to clean our teeth………

a once a day

b between meals

c at least twice a day

d before breakfast

5 We shouldn’t eat a lot of ………

a red rice c fish

b fresh fruit d chocolate

Question 14 Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only ONE word

in each space.

Without transportation, our modern society could not (1)……… we would have no

metals, no local, and no oil (2)……… Would we have any products make from thesematerials (3)……… , we would have to spend most of our time (4)……… food andthe food would be (5)……… to the kinds that could grow in the climate and soil of our

own neighborhoods

Trasportation also (6)……… our lives in other ways Transportation can speed a doctor

t the (7)……… of a sick person, even if the patient lives on an isolated farm It can take

police to the (8)……… Of a crime within moments of being notified Transportation

(9)……… teams of athletes to complete in national and international sports contests Intimes of (10) ……… transportaion can rush aid to person in areas stricken by floods,

famines, and earthquakes

Question 15 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 The mausoleum is by Thien Thu mountain, two towering columns

and a vast expanse of water

a feed b feeding c fed d feeds

2 Put plants a window so that they will get enough light

a near to b near of c next to d nearly

3 Employers often require that candidates have not only a degree

a but two years experience b also two years experience

c but also two-year experience d but more two years experience

4 Richard Nixon had been a lawyer and before he entered politics

a served in the Navy as an officer b an officer in the Navy

c the Navy had him as an officer d did service in the Navy as an officer

5 If one of the participants in a conversation wonders no real communication has takenplace

a what said the other person b what the other person said

c what did the other person say d what was the other person saying

6 The salary of a bus driver is much higher

a in comparison with the salary of a teacher b than a teacher

c than that of a teacher d to compare as a teacher

7 Professional people expect when it is necessary to cancel an appointment

a you to call them b that you would call them

c your calling them d that you are calling them

8 Sedimentary rocks are formed below the surface of the earth very

high temperatures and pressures

a where there are b there are

c where are there d there are where

9 Farmers look forward to every summer

a participating in the county fairs b participate in the county fairs

c be participating in the county fairs d have participated in the county fairs

10 Clipper ships were the swiftest sailing ships that ……… to sea and

the most beautiful

a ever were put b were ever putted

c were ever put d ever were putted

11 The ships had their days of ……… in the 1840s and 1850s

a glorious b glory c glorify d gloriously

12 Tea loses its flavor quickly ……… in the hold of a vessel

a when storing b stored c when stored d storing

13 Earl was one of the first American artists ……… landscapes

a painting b painted c for painting d to paint

14 The crime rate has continued to rise in American cities despite efforts on the

part of both government and private citizens to curb

a them b him c its d it

15 In 1778, he ……… to London to study with Benjamin West for four years

a has gone b had gone c would go d went

16 No one has been able to satisfactorily explain how or ……… the Moon sporadically

sparks

a when b why c what d which

17 The basic fiber-optics system is called a fiberscope, ……… consists

of two bundles of fibers

a which b in which c where d what

18 Physicians can look into the lungs, heart and other areas that were formerly ……… to

them

a accessibly b access c accessible d inaccessible

19 his highly individual conceptions of music and chaos, John Cage became a leadingfigure in avant-garde music

a Such was b Due to c Because from d That

> b

20 Sanford Meisner the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City

a founding and directing b who founded and directed

c founded and directed d in finding and directing

Question 16 Read the passage and then choose one answer for each of the following

questions.

The body of preimitive man, a faraway and ptimitive ma called Homo sapiens, so far as wecan reconsducts from the fragmentary evidence we have, we exactly like our own, and his brainwas as big as that of modern man and quite as complicated in structure His intelligence and hisability to learn probably as great as that of average man today, but he had a very meager

inheritance of knowledge

The use of tools and weapons pf a primitive sort wag probably passed on from the subhumancreatuters, who had learned how to break stones and use the sharp edge pieces for cutting andscraping, and how to use a short, heavy stick for a club and a long, pointed one for a spear Thesubhuman creatures knew how to make use of fire when they found it, but they did not know how

to make it

They had probably also discovered the advantages of social living; that several families livingtogether in a tribe could offer each other help and protection, and that hunters killed more game ifthey banded together and had a leader to direct the hunt

The discovery that social living increased the odds in favor of survival was, perhaps, primitive

man’s greatest discovery greater than either the discovery of fire ot the invention of the wheel

1 What we know of primitive man is bases upon

b was incapable of learning

c received very little knowledge from his ancestors

d received a great store of knowledge from his ancestors

3 According to the author, man became a social being because

a co-operation was neccessary for survival

b in prehistoric times only the strongest survived

c by nature he is a social being

d none of these

4 A direct result of primitive man’s discovery of the advantages of social living was a

c city d nation

5 The author believes that man’s discovery of the advantages of social living is

a significant b of great significance

c insignficant d well-known

Question 17 Read the article below and put a cross on the letter next to the word that best fits each space.

When you are driving aboard you should make that you have all your documants with you These (1) your passport, your driving license and insurance papers It

(2) be inconvenience if you (3) any of these or if you can not find

(4) quickly You must also make sure that your car has a nationality plate whichshows the country where the car is registered, for (5) , GB for Great Britain, F for

France, N for Norway and so on

In some (6) you have to pay if you don’t (7) motoring laws and

this can sometimes cost you a lot of money For instance, you may have to pay immediately if youare stopped by a police officer for taking no notice of traffic lights speed (8) or if you allowchildren (9) the age of twelve to (10) in the front seat of a vehicle

1 a include b make c mean d contain

5 a Once b example c general d fact

6 a countries b positions c ways d route

8 a marks b spots c limits d numbers

9 a under b lower c over d behind

10 a follow b pass c travel d wait

Question 18 Fill in each gap in the passage below with one suitable word.

An old porter had been (1) for the railway (2) a very long time Hewas standing in one of the big railway (3) in London one moring, waiting for travelers

to ask him to (4) them with their luggage, when he (5) a small manrunning towards the trains, (6) a bag

Theh porter watched the man for a (7) seconds, and then the man saw the porter

At (8) he ran up to him and (9) “ can I catch the10.35 train to New Castle, porter ? “ He was breathing very (10) and he sounded

worried

The old porter (11) at him for a moment and then said politely “ Well Sir, I’d like

to help you, but I can’t (12) your question, because I don’t (13) how fast you can

run (14) the rails You see “ he explained, “the 10.35 train to New Castle (15)

five minutes ago”

Question 19 Choose the word or phrase (a, b, c or d) which best completes each sentence.

1 The mausoleum is by Thien Thu mountain, two towering columns

and a vast expanse of water

a feed b feeding c fed d feeds

2 Put plants a window so that they will get enough light

a near to b near of c next to d nearly

3 Employers often require that candidates have not only a degree

a but two years experience b also two years experience

c but also two-year experience d but more two years experience

4 Richard Nixon had been a lawyer and before he entered politics

a served in the Navy as an officer b an officer in the Navy

c the Navy had him as an officer d did service in the Navy as an officer