Tiếng Anh và mức độ quan trọng đối với cuộc sống của học sinh, sinh viên Việt Nam.Khi nhắc tới tiếng Anh, người ta nghĩ ngay đó là ngôn ngữ toàn cầu: là ngôn ngữ chính thức của hơn 53 quốc gia và vùng lãnh thổ, là ngôn ngữ chính thức của EU và là ngôn ngữ thứ 3 được nhiều người sử dụng nhất chỉ sau tiếng Trung Quốc và Tây Ban Nha (các bạn cần chú ý là Trung quốc có số dân hơn 1 tỷ người). Các sự kiện quốc tế , các tổ chức toàn cầu,… cũng mặc định coi tiếng Anh là ngôn ngữ giao tiếp.
IDIOMS ORGANISER Organised by metaphor, topic and key word by Jon Wright Edited by Jimmie Hill and Morgan Lewis Illustrated by Bill Stott Australia Canada Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States Idioms Organiser Organised by metaphor, topic and key word Jon Wright Publisher/Global ELT: Christopher Wenger Executive Marketing Manager, Global ELT/ESL: Amy Mabtey Cover design: Anna Macleod Cartoons: Bill Scott Copyright © 2002 by Heinle, a part of the Thomson Corporation Heinle Thomson and the Thomson logo are trademarks used herein under license Copyright ©formerly held by Language Teaching Publications and R.A Close 1992 Printed in Croatia by Zrinski d.d - 10 06 05 04 03 02 For more information contact Heinle, 25 Thomson Place, Boston, MA 02210 USA, or you can visit our Internet site at http://www.heinle.com All rights reserved No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means — graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution or information storage and retrieval systems — without the written permission of the publisher ISBN: 899396 06 The Author Jon Wright is co-founder and Director of Studies of The Language Project, Bristol, a small school With a special focus on developing innovative learner-centred materials He has many years' experience as a teacher, teacher trainer, materials writer and examiner His other publications include Basic Grammar, with Dave Willis, for Cobuild, and Dictionaries, in the OUP Resource Books for Teachers Series Author's Acknowledgement would like to thank my editors Jimmie Hill and Morgan Lewis, for their considerable guidance in shaping this book, as well as acknowledging the many ideas and examples, which they gave so generously The staff and students of The Language Project in Bristol have helped me in many ways both in and outside the classroom As always, a special thank you to Etsuko Idioms are important Dear Student Words don't come singly You have probably spent a long time learning new words Words, however, not just come individually, they also come in expressions - in groups Idioms are among the most common of these expressions There are thousands of them in English: I could eat a horse Money doesn't grow on trees It's not up to scratch I got there in the nick of time Language is literal and metaphorical Sometimes when we use language we use it in a very literal way: I've been out fishing, but caught absolutely nothing! The same language can be used in a non-literal way - a metaphorical way: Yesterday I caught the bus My car wouldn't start Here are more examples of this metaphorical use of catch: He caught my attention Wait while I catch my breath! Look at that tan! You've caught the sun! I didn't quite catch what you said The metaphorical uses of a word are often more common than the literal ones Idioms have grammar Some idiomatic expressions are fixed and cannot change: Two heads are better than one Very often you can change the tense and the pronoun: I'm/She's/We were all at sixes and sevens How is Idioms Organiser organised? This book organises the most important idioms in English in four sections: Areas of metaphor Individual metaphors Topics Key Words Make sure you study the Introductory Unit of this book before you begin the main units Plan your study and work regularly through the units on your own or in class Jon Wright CONTENTS Introductory Unit Section 1: Areas of Metaphor 10 11 12 13 Time is Money Business is War Seeing is Understanding Life is a Journey Life is Gambling A Company is a Ship Moods are Weather The Office is a Battlefield A Project is a Race Economics is Flying Organisations are Gardens People are Liquid Review Unit 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Section 2: Individual Metaphors 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 25 29 30 31 32 33 14 - Animal Idioms Bird Idioms Body Idioms Breaking Idioms Building Idioms Cat Idioms Clothes Idioms Colour Idioms: Black/White Colour Idioms: Red/Blue Driving Idioms Eating Idioms Eye Idioms Face Idioms Fingers and Thumbs Idioms Fire Idioms Fishing Idioms Food Idioms Foot Idioms Hand Idioms Head Idioms Heart Idioms 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 Horse Idioms House and Home Idioms Life and Death Idioms Metal Idioms Mind Idioms Number Idioms Sports Idioms Swimming Idioms Temperature Idioms Train Idioms Water Idioms Review Unit 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 Section 3: Topics 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 Advice Agreeing and Disagreeing Annoyance and Frustration Being Positive Certainty and Doubt Change Communicating Dishonesty Easy and Difficult The Family Good and Bad Quality Health Holidays Knowledge and Ability Memory Mistakes Misunderstanding Money Money Moods People Power and Influence Problems Problems Reading Relationships Relationships Safety and Risks Similarities and Differences Sleep and Dreams Speed 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 140 142 144 146 148 150 152 154 156 158 160 162 164 166 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 Starting and Stopping Success and Failure Suitability Surprises Time Work Work Review Unit 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 Section 4: Key Words 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 All And And Back Cut End Fall Good / Better / Best Ground Half Know , Life Light and Heavy Like Line Lose and Lost No Of Or Point Side Something, Anything, Nothing Thing To + infinitive Top and Bottom 'Very' Way Word Review Unit 186 188 190 192 194 196 198 200 202 204 206 208 210 212 214 216 218 220 222 224 226 228 230 232 234 236 238 240 242 Section 5: Index of Expressions 245 Section 6: Answer Key 279 1: What is an idiom? An idiom is an expression with the following features: It is fixed and is recognised by native speakers You cannot make up your own! It uses language in a non-literal - metaphorical - way The following are examples: Tin up to my eyes in work at the moment At the meeting I felt a bit out of my depth I was over the moon when I heard she'd had twins! It broke my mother's heart to see her home burn to the ground If you are up to your eyes, you are very busy If you are out of your depth, you might be in the sea, but you are more likely to be in a situation which you not understand for some reason If you are over the moon, you are extremely happy about something If something breaks your heart, you are very sad about it In these examples it is clear that the idiom is a whole expression This is the traditional view of idioms But there is a lot more language which is idiomatic For example, there are lots of individual words with idiomatic uses On page we saw that catch has many more uses than the literal one of catching a fish Here are more examples: Literal Use The river flooded several villages Piles of rubbish lay everywhere I love roast potatoes I've got an uncle at sea Idiomatic Use The crowd flooded on to the pitch He's got piles of money Euthanasia Now, that's a very hot potato! I'm all at sea We are familiar with the idea of heavy rain causing a river to overflow and flood the surrounding area; crowds are often described as water and the same verb flood is used The literal meaning of pile is a heap of something; piles of money, however, simply means lots of money A hot potato is not for eating; it means a controversial issue An uncle at sea works on a boat; if you are at sea, it means you are in a situation which you not understand and where you cannot cope Idioms Organiser takes a broad view of idiom In this book you will practise common idioms such as the black sheep of the family, but you will also practise the huge area of idiomatic usage where words are used with non-literal - metaphorical meanings 2: What is a metaphor? Metaphors exist in all languages You use them in your own language A metaphor uses one idea to stand for another idea Above, we saw the simple idea: A crowd is water When you have that idea in your mind, the crowd can flow, flood, or trickle Here are some of the common metaphors practised in this book: Time is money We save time We can spare minutes We can run out of time Business is war Advertising is a minefield in which you have targets and keep your sights on what your competitors are doing Life is a journey You can be on the road to recovery You might be at a crossroads in your life because you are in a dead-end job 3: Why are idioms and metaphors so important? Firstly, they are important because they are very common It is impossible to speak, read, or listen to English without meeting idiomatic language This is not something you can leave until you reach an advanced level All native speaker English is idiomatic Every newspaper is full of metaphorical language You cannot avoid it or leave it till later The second reason is that very often the metaphorical use of a word is more common today than its literal use For example, we know that farmers plough their fields, but you can plough through a long novel or report; you can plough on with your work; you can plough money into a business; profits can be ploughed back into a company; a lorry can plough into a row of parked cars Using plough in its literal farming meaning is now much rarer than all its other non-literal uses But it is important for you to know the literal meaning Often the literal meaning creates a picture in your mind and this picture makes the other meanings easier to understand The third reason that this kind of language is important is because it is fun to learn and to use Because there is so much to learn, anything which helps you to remember things is important and if the language you are learning is more colourful and interesting, there is more chance that you will remember it You will also sound more natural if your English contains more idioms SECTION Answer Key Introductory Unit Task 1: feeling a bit under the weather, in the nick of time, know (London) like the back of my hand, pull a few strings for me, get a word in edgeways, the rat race, follow in his footsteps, cutting it a bit fine look on the bright side, 10 sweep this under the carpet ^ « n f y ' f\ on t h e r o a d to recovery, "ght at the end of the tunnel, no short-cut to success, running out of steam, taken off, 10 I'm comin § or g° i n g Unit Ex 1: l hand - toss' odds- deals' jackpot, stake, bluff, hand, bluff, ° chips Ex 2: lb, 2c, 3a, 4d, 5f, 6e Ex 3: If, 2a, 3b, e, 4d, 5i, 6g, 7h, 8j, 9c Ex 4: dealt, play, put, got, show, take Unit Ex 1: lg, 2c, 3h, 4f, 5b, 6d, 7a, Ex 2: lc, 2b, 3a, 4g, 5h, 6e, 7f, Ex 3: Id, 2a, 3h, 4g, 5f, 6e, 7b, Ex x all_ s a m e > u n c h a r t e d , rQck rQpes ? on Unit _ , _,„ O T T J - , ^ Ex 1: wide, eye-opener, Hindsight, ,._, jj D ou t -^u+ A n -^u+ blinkers, mud, Short-sighted, sight, Q t^„,r o view Ex 2: lh, 2b, 3e, 4g, 5f, 6a, 7c, 8d Ex 3: lc, 2a, 3f, 4b, 5d, 6e Ex 4: as clear as mud, very short-sighted view, lose sight of, from my point of view, seen the light, It's not very clear, I see what you mean g bafl U l l i t '* O 8e 8d 8c pass, Ex 1: breeze, shower, hazy, frosty, _ , , , _ „ , gloomy, cloud over, storm, cool ^ •" Ex 2: storming, breezed, weather, CT cooled warm, frosty, warm, gloomy, ' 10 shower Ex 3: lb, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5c Ex 4: cloud, warmed up, warmed, hazy, clouded, wind, brighten up Ex 5: Id, 2e, 3c, 4a, 5f, 6b 279 wet Unit overflow, tide, surge, 10 ripples Ex 2: Ex 1: sights, command, shots, line, teeming, overflowing, trickling, stream, ranks, march, crossfire, stab floods/pours, sea, pours/floods, surge Ex 3: X ri le t i d e Ex 2: marching, fort, gunning, stick, PP - s P l a s h ' w e t > flow ool drl dr line, stab, guns, shot/stab P > P' y UP Ex 4: s u r e s l a s h flow Ex 3: crossfire, sights, command, £ ' P ' - rlPPle* shots, head, ranks, back, posts stream/tide, sea, tide, pour/flood Ex 4: caught, in, gunning, orders, Unit 13 break, set, down, hold, shot/stab, U n i t 1: l wasting, spent, run, spare, 10 great, 11 stick, 12 call save, short Unit Unit 2: fight, forces, marching, _ „ , , ,,o „ , minefield, Keep, flak Ex 1: lap, medal, record, baton, , f , , _ , , TT _ , , - , , „ „ , -,, Unit 3: see,n2 hindsight, sight, clear, straight, pace, hurdles ,_ Ex 2: le, 2f, 3d, 4h, 5g, 6a, 7b, 8c ° s?*5n> ° e y f ^ „ _ „ ° , Unit 4: rut, nowhere, footsteps, Ex 3: race, flying, pace, falling, — C P ' V i ' ^ r T ' ' rt Q *4 _ ' , rr j r, i i n ii7 Ex 4: We got off to a flying start, We re on ,, , , „,, ,, , ,, the home straight, It s a major hurdle, „ , , , c „T , ,.,, ,, You deserve a medal, We re still on the starting blocks, We fell at the first hurdle, We're on the last lap Ex 5: at, at, in, on, up, over, on, on, against, 10 off Unit 10 Ex 1: nosedives, plummets, collision, course, free-fall, turbulence Ex 2: soar, collision, course, ground, nosedive al, b5, c4, d2, e3 Ex 3: lb, 2f, 3a, 4e, 5c, 6d Ex 4: 1: d, b, f, a, c, e 2: g, i, h, j, 1, k Ex 5: going through the roof, going through the roof, plummeting, got off the ground, back on course, out of, out of, g on Unit 11 Ex 1: glasshouse, plough, stem, branches, weeds, crops, dig, dead wood, root out, 10 bear, 11 flourish, 12 perennial Ex 2: dig, stem, ploughing, weed, cut back, flourish, branch, bear Ex 3: dead wood, off-shoot, up-rooting, crop, cross-fertilisation, perennial, •7 j i o ^i u spadework, glasshouses Ex 4: Id, 2f, 3a, 4b, 5g, 6c, 7h, 8e Ex 5: back, out into, into, from, out, out Unit 1Z Ex 1: pool, splash, teeming, pouring, drip, flood, streams, trickles, 280 LclxvCU, J UctL-lv, V LU1111C1 dealt, cards, take, win, lose, „ toss , „, „ , , , , boat, boat, deck, uncharted, Unit 5: , hand, „ „' Unit 6: rats ' r o p e s U n l t 7: l warm/coo /frosty, weather, ^^ c l o u d ' s t o r m y U n l t 8: X command, orders, down, fort, crossfire, sights Unit 9: hurdle, record, start, pace, ^ race, line U n i t : off < crash, climbing, ground, roof > nosedive Unit 11: bear, ploughed, cut, weed, dig, root, wood Unit 12: poured, stem, pool, dried, overflowing, sea Unit 14 throw ' Ex 1: l b u l - h o r n s - h i n d < bonnet, pants, chase, bees, Straw, sty, swing Ex 2: bee, bonnet, fish, sea, cat, bag, fish, water, bull, horns, ants, pants, sheep, family, cows, home Ex 3: la, 2d, 3b, 4c, goose, donkey, chicken, horse, wolf, 10 donkey, 11 camel, 12 donkey, 13 pig, 14 foxed Ex 4: cat, bull, goose, cat, donkey, bee, rat, fish, donkey, 10 wolf _.T , _ Unit 15 Ex 1: wings, nest, swoop, peck, flap, Boo Ex 2: le, 2d, 3b, 4a, 5f, 6c Ex 3: crow, duck, chicken, hawk, goose, sparrow, dodo, parrot Ex 4: Id, 2g, 3k, 4f, 5b, 6a, 7h, 8n, 9m, lOi, 111, 12e, 13], 14c Ex 5: duck, birds, hawk, wing, chicken, flap, parrot, goose, crow, 10 swoop, 11 dodo, 12 parrot, 13 nest, 14 swan, 15 pecking, 16 nest _ U m t lb Ex 1: Id, 2c, 3b, 4a, 5e Ex 2: If, 2i, 3g, 4b, 5d, 6a, 7k, 8e, 9c, lOh, l l j , 121 Ex 3: Id, 2e, 3c, 4a, 5b Ex 4: neck, foot, chest, finger, ' , ' , , shoulder, elbow, nosey, cheeky, arm, 10 an arm and a leg, 11 leg, 12 feet Ex 5: give, put, pulling, put, came, gone, cost, finding, buries, 10 get Unit 17 Ex 1: shattered, Fragile, smashed, chip, snapped, crack, handle, crushed, mend, 10 kid Ex 2: le, 2c, 3f, 4a, 5b, 6h, 7g, 8d Ex 3: lb, 2h, 3e, 4j, 5a, 6f, 71, 8d, 9g, 10c „ „ - , , , o i- r, , ,, j Ex 4: broke, chip, shattered, ' , treat, kid, fragile, broken, pieces, broke, crack, 10 pieces Unit 18 Ex 1: chimney, foundations, roof, ceiling, Bricks, Cement, doorstep, tiles, corridor Ex 2: le, 2d, 3h, 4f, 5b, 6g, 7a, 8c Ex 3: door, cement, chimney, roof, closed doors, wall, window, corridors, brick wall _ , „ , , , Ex 4: foot, door,n banging, brick, s , ^ smokes, chimney, night, tiles, meeting, closed, talking, brick, door, ton, corridors, 10 doors, 11 door, 12 window, 13 roof, 14 roof, 15 doorstep, 16 cement unit Li) Ex 1: pigeon, pussy, claws, fur, fur, rub, fur, rub, curious, Bricks, whiskers Ex 2: la, 2b, 3f, 4g, 5c, 6h, 7e, 8d Ex 3: whisker, cat, catty, fur, whiskers, claws Ex 4: lb, 2d, 3g, 4h, 5a, 61 7c, 8f, 9e, 10j Ex 5: dog, pussyfooting around, hell's, catty, away, the mice will play, among, bag, whiskers fi Unit 20 Ex 1: : g l o v e s s i e e ves, cap, roll up, b e it, tighten, twist, knickers Ex 2: le, 2a, 3g, 4c, 5f, 6b, 7d, 8h Ex 3: lc, 2f, 3a, 4d, 5b, 6e Ex 4: coat, belts, sleeves shoes shirt, socks, trousers, caps Ex 5: roll, keep, pull, take give, pull, tighten, fits, talk, 10 be in 21 U n j t „ , , „, _ , _ „, _ Ex 1: Id, 2f, 3c, 4h, 5g, 6b, 7a, 8e £x lb 2& 3f ^ 5d 6e ' b,'3g,' 4e.' 5c,' 6d, 7a, 81, 9h, 10] Ex lf> Ex 4: lie> spot, sheep, picture, elephant, market, look, economy Unit 22 Ex 1: red, In English they are black and blue What about your language? red, red, In English they are blue In English you get a black eye Ex 2: l b l u e b l u e r e d b l u e r e d ' ' ' ' ' red, red, red, blue, 10 blue _ _ , , „., _,, , _ Ex 3: red, blue, blue, red, blue , , • pj Ex ' x r e d > ' r e d > b l u e ^ r e d i b l u e ® blue, blue, blue, red, 10 red, 11 blue, 12 red Unit 2d Ex 1: overtake, steer, dead-end, gear, lanes, collision, crash, backseat, bend > 10 crossroads Ex 2: l b ' & e ' c ' J' f ' h - a ' 9i> d Ex 3: Ih, 2b, 3e, 4j, 5c, 6g, 7f, 8d, 9i, 10a E x : lb, 2d, 3c, a _ _ n , _ , „ „ _ , , Ex 5: drive, drive, give, go, hit, ^ ? go> g t u m g put 1Q s t e e r Unit 24 Ex 1: lb, 2d, 3f, 4c, 5e, 6h, 7a, 8g Ex 2: I could eat a horse, it's not my taste, go down well, a sweet tooth, bit my head off, eat his words, making a meal of it, had my fill Ex 3: le, 2b, 3a, 4f, 5h, 6c, 7d, 8g Ex 4: T c h e w hite e a t ' Swallow, teeth taste bit d o w n ' ' ' Unit 25 Ex 1: b a r g a i n , blink, peel, blind, eyebrows, eyelids Ex 2: lg, 2d, 3a, 4e, 5b, 6h, 7f, 8c, up to my eyes in work, 10 see eye to eye, 28' 11 pull the wool over my eyes, 12 need eyes in the back of my head Ex 3: lh, 2c, 3a, 41, 5d, 6b, 7g, 8f, 9e Ex 4: bat, turn, need, run, see, keep, keep, meets, in, 10 up, 11 with, 12 to, 13 to, 14 on II ' t 2fi Ex 2: the fact, the music, a full meal, work, the consequences, lose, keep, got, putting, 10 put, 11 save Ex 3: lb, 2d, 3h, 4a, 5f, 6e, 7c, 8g Ex 4: lh, 2b, 3f, 4a, 5g, 6d, 7c, 8e Unit 27 Ex 1: lh, 2e, 3a, 4f, 5g, 6b, 7i, 8c, 9d Ex 2: finger, thumb, finger, fingers, thumbs, finger, thumb, thumbs thumb, 10 finger Ex 3: If, 2c, 3d, 4g, 5e, 6a, 7h 8b E x : stick, twist, pull, put, count, keep, give, twiddle, thumb, 10 get TT Unit 31 , Ex 1: foot> feet foot> feet foot feet feet feet foot 10 foot Ex 2: l think on your feet, dragging their feet, stand on your own two feet, didn't put a foot wrong, put my foot down, foot t h e kJ^ Ex 3: Id, 2b, 3a, 4c, 5g, 6e, 7f, 8h Ex 4: on, foot, your, dead, off, in, cold, wrong, set, 10 put U n l t 32 E * 1: changed hands, I've got my hands full, out of hand, things get out of hand, time on my hands, get my hands on, living from hand to mouth, had a big hand Ex 2: l Slve- c o u n t ' t u r n < M l t a k e ' h a n d - ^naw- k e e P Ex 3: l h a n d ' hand' hands' hands' h a n d S ^ ^ f ' ? ^^ & U l l i t -4- O Q 3 Unit 28 Ex 1: fuel, blaze, row, ambition, baptism, temper, sparks, flames Ex 2: burning, fire, blazing, fiery, heated, fire, fire, smoke, flames, 10 sparks Ex 3: la, 2d, 3e, 4b, 5g, 6f, 7c Ex 4: set, have, play, get, add, fire, go, burn Unit 29 Ex 1: fish, fishing line, net, line, hook, bait, cod, haddock, rise to the bait, mackerel, trawl, cast nets, trawlers, fresh-water fishing, angling, rod and line, cast, salmon, up river, down river, spawn, tiddlers Ex 2: lh, 2f, 3g, 4b, 5a, 6j, 7d, 8c, 91, lOe Ex 3: lb 2c, 3e, 4d, 5a, 6f E x : 1c, 2d, 3b, 4e, a ^ _ -, , , , , _ Ex 5: landed, contract, plenty, sea, rise, bait, let, hook, cast, wider, whale, time „ r*~ Unit 30 ^_ Ex 1: couch, sliced, stew, icing, spices, variety, pinch, pickle Ex 2: Id, 2b, 3h, 4a, 5j, 6g, 7c, 81, 9e, lOf Ex 3: le, 2c, 3b, 4f, 5a, 6d Ex 4: Id, 2c, 3a, 4b Ex 5: juice, salt, bread, life, cakes, face, cake, earth, cucumber, 10 tea 282 Ex 1: examines, block, bury, roll, ,- , fi c , r r p w Ex 2: if 2a 3h 4d 5e 6g 7c 8b Ex 3' l p u t ' k e e p,' bury, examined/examining, goes, laughed, r o n, g screwed Ex 4: I could it standing on my head, He's got his head screwed on, Don't bury your head in the sand, It went right over my head/I couldn't make head nor tail of it, We're keeping our heads above water, You need your head examined/ examining Ex 5: above, to, of, above, in, over, on, off, off, 10 on TTn't Ex lb 2c (backed 8i, 9j, lOd Ex 3: le, 2b, 3f, 4a (dropped ), 5c, 6d „ , , „ : fr „ , ' „ , , Ex 4: court, goalposts, towel, whole, cpar, base, neck, horses, pull, 10 bell r Uni t 42 Ex 1; l sank> tlde deep] depth cregt ^ sorrows Ex 2: le, 2g, 3a, 4c, 5b, 6d, 7h, 8f Ex m a k e d r o w n e d o u t t h r o w , treacl d r o w test> s l n k Ex swlm> dive ? treading x e n d j water^ hfellne sink tlde water, depth, drown, make, 10 wave Uni t 43 Ex 1: a feet, b left, c lost, d reception, e blood, f cucumber, g light, h water, i out, j cool, li, 2g, 3j, 4h, 5e, 6b, 7f, 8d, 9c, 10a E x : lb, 2f, 3a, 41, 5e, 6j, 7g, 8c, 9d, lOh Ex i c o o j lukewarm, hot, cold, cold> h o t h o t c o l d Uni t 44 Ex 1: railway tracks, rails, tunnels, derailed, off the rails, railway line, station, buffers, hits the buffers, steam trains, diesel or e e c l tric, express trains Ex 2: a tunnel, b track, c steam, d buffers, e steam, frails, g track, h steam, i track, j express Id, 2c, 3i, 4a, 5e, 6f, 7b, 8h, 9g, lOj Ex 3: lb, 2c, 3a, 4d Ex 4: out, off, on, of, at, off, under, along, down, 10 on TT have something on your mind, of, off, out, 10 about, 11 at, 12 in, 13 on, 14 of, 15 in, 16 off, 17 to, 18 up ' *i A d u n i t 4rO Ex 1: le, 2g, 3d, 4h, 5a, 6c, 7f, 8b, water under the bridge, 10 keeping our heads above water, 11 spend money like water, 12 land ^^ j n ^01 w a T £ r, 13 like water off a duck's back, 14 watered down, 15 doesn't hold water, 16 like a fish out of water Ex 2: floated the idea, floating voters, sink or swim, my heart sank Ex 3: lg, 2f, 3d, 4h, 5a, 6b, 7e, 8c Ex 4: in, at, off, in, under, above, out, of 283 Unit 46 Unit 14: cat, hind, bull, mouth, years sea Unit 15: crow, hawk, nest, stone, wing, back Unit 16: arm, hands, legs, finger, lee back Unit 17: pieces, home, up, lives, fragile, mend Unit 18: back, brick, roof, door, chimney, wall Unit 19: hell's, Stop, pigeons, wrong, b r i- » ,, ,^ «,» , x ,i ^ , , x Unit 20: trousers, pull, tighten, , - , , „ , shoes, hat, sleeve „ , - » , \ ^ , Unit 21: market, lie, sheet, eye, ' J • C C „ lf h , ° i^o , o u, u ,* Unit 22: red, face, blue, bolt,e moon, „ , , , „ , „ , Unit 23: bend, circles, crossroads, _,.,.„, brakes, fast, clear Unit 24: words, sweet, swallow, chew, taste, horse Unit 25: to, meets, catch, head, turn, keep Unit 26: brave, to, value, flat, staring, blue Unit 27: pull, crossed, thumbs, at, lifts, up/down Unit 28: smoke, baptism, smoke, row, burn, fire Unit 29: line, job, mind, hook, through, sea Unit 30: bread, juice, face, spice, salt, cool Unit 31: put, find, in, two, cold, rushed Unit 32: out, law, give, out, on, turn Unit 33: better, top, block, laughed, tail, clouds Unit 34: right, say, change, hearts, in, sank Unit 35: straight, cart, tight, saddled, teeth, dead Unit 36: at, truths, straight, no-one, fire, houses Unit 37: bored, up, fate, lease, soul, dicing Unit 38: cloud, heart, weight, steel, handshake, good Unit 39: two, slipped, piece, on, right, business Unit 40: sixes, Third, one, two, dozen, mind 284 Unit 41: goalposts, ball, touch, level, horse, U n i t : out ' course ' l deep above ' sink ' under, 6w a t e r U n i t : l lost ' d heat ^ ' feet > to > 6c ollar U 4 : stearn - tunne1 * U n i t : l like bnd e g ' under, track, rails, r a n ' flsh < h e a d ' de Pth' £° Unit 47 _ , , , , , , Ex 1: a speak, b make, c keep, d take, e bide, f sit, g tread, h take, i keep, j go , _ „, % c cu , r t nlb, 2c, 3d, 4f, e, 5j, 6h, 7a,Q8g, 9i _, „ , „ n „, ;, , -, „ S of Ex 2: lg, 2e, 3b, 4d, 5h, 6a, 7c, 8f J J *• o r - f * „ ^ i Ex 3: Take one day at a time, Go for it, overdo T a k e Don't "• the bull by the , _ „., ,.rr, „ ^ ,, , , horns, Sit tight, Don t lose any sleep over it, Don't take anything for granted, Keep •+ u + your wits about you Unit 48 joking, b contrary, c dead, d No, Ex 1: a n f taken e quesU0 lf 2d 3e 4c 5b 6a Ex a e n o u g h i b T e U t c e mC; fnail Ex l over g a g a m lc talking, d mouth, f, 3a, 4e, 5g, 6d b, m u s t > out> w a y h e a d e n o u g h j m e > g that, now, 10 tell Unit 49 Ex 1: insult, patience, wits, bend, tether, distractions, injury, tear, bang, 10 straw Ex 2: a end, b wits, c nerves, d nose e m S ult, f straw lc, 2a, 3e, 4d, 5f, 6b Ex 3: myself, hair, bend, running, brick, spare, distraction, banging, g Wall Ex 4: driving, getting, kicked, driving, banging, going, tearing, talking, gets, 10 running U n i t S0 Ex 1: a bright, b fish, c world, d another, e win, f better, g light, h life lb, 2d, 3g, life, all, fish, end, side, only Ex 2: a You win some, you lose some, b You've got nothing to lose, c Where there's a will there's a way, d His bark is worse than his bite lb, 2d, 3a, 4c Ex 3: la, 2b, 3d, 4e, 5c Ex 4: tunnel, world, bright, know, time, crossed, get, win, lose, nothing, 10 bark, bite, 11 No, 12 win Unit 51 Ex 1: lc, 2a, 3e, 4f, 5b, 6d Ex 2- lc' 2d' 3a' 4b Ex 3^ Id', 2c! 3b, 4a Ex 4: Just to be on the safe side, It's anyone's guess, It's all up in the air, A IIWI, Z u A r A u+ c r>-^ -^u+ Without a shadow of a doubt, Pigs might o „ T + , j , J ^ ^ T d b h > c ? e g f T*O-I- ^ ^ J OI_ » -A Ex 3: image, footsteps, homes side _ „ , „ , , ^ „ , c , tree, lamily, relative, cheese Ex 4: long-lost relative, black sheep of ,, T , % ,., A A the family, like two peas in a pod, a broken home, blood is thicker than water t h e Ex bk)od m femlty> & Q{ h i g m o t h e r / f a t h e r famil f&mll SQn dog> p o d i g water> Q c h e e s e ^Q f00tster>s Unit 57 Ex 1: par, barrel, scratch, miles, scrape Ex a l e a g u e > b c o n d i t l o r i i c h e a d , d days, e h o m e > f m i l e S j g world^ h legSi j gold> ] p a r lh d> c , a (league of his own), 3f, 4j, 5e, 61 ( h e r w e i g h t ln g o l d ) > 7b g j£X i a 2e 3d 4b 5f 6c Ex : aDO ut, barrel,' shoulders, gold, cracked, scratch, own, desired, l a s t _ 10 b e t t er, 11 This car's in mint condition, 12 It's seen better days, 13 It's m i l e s better, 14 Your work is not up to scratch U n i t 58 Ex 1: complain, recovery, split, fiddle, r- I lease Ex 2: li, g, 2a, 3b, 4h, 5e, 6d, f, c Ex 3: a sorts, b killing, c splitting, d down, e run, f out, g going, h colour, i bad, j weather if, 2i, 3c, 4b, 5g, 6a, h Ex 4: weather, fiddle, feet, way, down, headache, complain, colour, picture, 10 lease, 11 rain, 12 clean Unit 59 Ex 1: lc, 2d, 3b, 4a Ex 2: lg, 2a, 3d, 4h, 5f, 6c, 7b, 8e 285 Ex 3: la, 2c, 3h, 4f, 5d, 6e, 7g, 8b Ex 4: change, rest, away, all, no, home, whale, time, just, doctor, time, lives Ex 1: nature, clues, ropes, screwed, rusty, pick, pick, brains Ex 2: lb, 2c, 3a, 4d, 5e, 6h, 71, 8f, 9j, lOg Ex 3: a head, b hand, c what, d clue, e ropes, f hang, g end, h knowledge lc, 2b, 3d, 4f, 5e, 6a, 7h, 8g Ex 4: two, get, hand, about, a, heard, my, ropes, on, 10 second ripped off, knocked £45 off Ex 3: tighten, go, splash out, break, go on, dip into, put, save Ex 4: go, spree, arm, leg, break, cheap, out, pick, into, rainy, 10 tighten, 11 aside, 12 nose, 13 bit, 14 back _ U n l t 65 Ex 1: loaded, lap, stinks, fortune Ex 2: A: a, d, g, h, B: b, c, e, f If, 2e, 3b, 4a, 5c, 6g, 7d, 8h Ex 3: la, 2c, 3d, 4], 5i, 6h, 7g, 8f, 9e, 10b Ex 4: from, to, without, to, in, of, on, up, by on, off, in, of, 10 in Unit 61 Ex 1: tip, blank, dim, jog, sieve, g sjjp Ex 2: lg, 2b, 3d, 4c, 5f, 6a, 7h, 8e 9i Ex 3: la, 2c, 3f, 4b, 5h, 6e, 7d, 8g Ex 4: mind, memory, heart, bell, mind, memory, sieve, brains, , , tongue, 10 yesterday b J J Unit 62 _ , , , „ o, , i , Ex 1: slip, goose, chew, barking, & _ , ^ ° tongue _ _ , , , , „ ,, „, Ex 2: lc (missed ), 2g (barking ), 3d, a (got m y ), h (taken our ), e (put m y ), 7f (shot myself ), 8b (fall flat on our faces) Ex 3: lc, 2e, 3d, 4b, 5f, 6a Ex 4: I've put my foot in it, I've bitten off more than I can chew, I've been on a wild goose chase, I got my fingers burnt, miss, get your, bitten, barking, got, 10 fall, 11 make, 12 make, 13 put, 14 take Unit 6*3 Ex 1: head or tail, stick, wires, purpose Ex 2: If, 2a, 3d, 4b (twisting what I said), ^ e ' 6c Ex 3: lb, 2a, 3d, 4c (Note that a and b are very close in meaning.) Ex 4: If, 2d, 3c, 4b, 5a, 6e Ex 5: wavelength, stick, purposes, head, tail, penny, Greek, wires, depth, 10 point, 11 lost, 12 add •+ RA Unit Ex 1: knock off, tighten, splash, rip off, set back, pick it up Ex 2: a bit over the top, set him back a bit, picked up, pay through the nose, dirt cheap, an arm and a leg, 286 Unit 66 Ex 1: moon, air, bits, world, tails, spirits, cloud, punch E x : a blow - b % ' c § i v e ' d sV{t< e m a k e la to (™y P'- d - e ' b - c < a P i e c e of m y m l n d ' Ex 3: a & b s t r a w ' c collar > d a r m s e tether, f warpath, If, 2a, 3c, 4d, 5b, 6e , ±• earth, u n k n o w n Unit : friends, strings, wears, weight, word, fort Unit : wrong, corner, off, same , hop, u n d e r Unit : bridge, blind, cracks, bottom, doubt, carpet Unit : to, end, small, leaf, get, book Unit : h o u s e , foot, eye, air, good, shoulder Unit : heels, rocks, ways, knot, hate, in l0SC e ' s a f e 1 S a f e ' 1CC ' f e n ° e ' ' „ , „ , , , ,, ,, „ e , Unit : sore, cheese, dozen, world, boat, footsteps Unit : wink, out, light, dream, d r e a m sleep Unit 77:' said, p u t , s k a t e s , time, like, time Unit : call, one, sight, cracking, towel, on Unit : earth, sights, nothing, heart, limit, h u n g r y Unit : hole, tea, fish, ground, street, out Unit : believe, eye, six, sleeve, blue, surprise Unit : time, spur, m i n u t e , end, F t ^ o o atCT o u , o ,,.ft , • Unit : u p , r u s h e d , m, lifts, plate, Unit : pipeline, over, feet, ropes, on, b o a t Ex 2: l e , Ex : lg, Ex 4: lh, 10 at, 11 15 being, early, again, off, choose, 10 e n d s , 11 about, 12 see, 13 tear, 14 foremost, 15 tired, 16 r o u n d, 17 large, 18 about, 19 b o u n d s , 20 o u t s U n i t 86 2c, 3g, 4h, 5d, 6f, 7b, 8a 2d, 3a, 4c, 5h, 6e, 7b, 8f 2d, 3a, 4f, 5c, 6g, 7b, 8e, r o u n d , s u d d e n , 12 s a m e , 13 by, 14 said, 16 know, 17 along, 18 by U n i t 87 Ex 1: wears, pick, leap, b o u n d , foremost, forth, forth, bred, tear, Sick, sick Ex 2: l c , 2h, 3a, 4g, 5f, 6i, 7j, 8e, 9d, 10b Ex 3: l e , 2a, 3f, 4i, 5c, 6g, 7b, 8d, 9j, lOh Ex 4: quiet, take, downs, go, bred, Ex 1: drled U n i t 88 McMngt let llve white tested, far, forget, cons again , , , , „ , „ ° n „ 10 so u n d , 11 sweet, 12 cheese 13 eggs , „ ' ', ,-,„-, , Jr? 14 a e S ' 15 error< 16 h a r d ' 17 d l ^ 18 l o w ' 19 d l ^ ' 20 s Ex 2: lg 2d, 3f 4h, 5c, 6i, 7b, 8e 9j 10a Ex 3: l b , 2a, 3g, 4c, 5h, 6d, 7f, 8e Ex 4: l c , 2d, 3b, 4g, 5f, 6e, 7a ftQ U n l t °9 Ex 2: l h , 2a, 3i, 4c, 5b (turned my back) 6d 7f, 8e, 9g (get my b a c k up) Ex 3: l c , 2h, 3g, 4e, 5a, 6f, 7d, 8b (get his o w n back) E x Y l i k e w a t e r o f f a d u c k - s b a c k , fell off the b a c k °f a l n y ' y ° U S C r a t C h my b a C k ' I'll s c r a t c h yours, deserve a p a t on the , , _ , , , , , , P u t y ° u r b a c k into it, in t h e b a c k of beyond, 10 got o u r b a c k s to the wall U n i t an u w Ex 6e Ex Ex 2: Id, 2h (cut me dead), 3c, 4a, 5g, (cut o u r losses), 7b, 8f 3: Id, 2b, 3e, 4h, 5a, 6c, 7g, 8f 4: ways, above, knife, out, size, l c C j r e m a r k , about, short, 10 fine U n i t 91 Ex 1: deep, bitter, candles, loose, b u r n , stick ^ ^ ^ 4f> ^ ^ a g g £x Ex 3: l f 2e ' (burning the candle at b o t h ends), 3a, 4c, 5g, 6d, 7h, 8b Ex 4: world, d a y s / m o n t h s , deep, trouble, loose, things, sight, story, receiving, 10 day U n l t 92 Ex 1: deaf, t r ap , n e t s , lap, grace, heel, seam, wayside Ex 2: l e , 2d (falls ), 3c (falling ), 4i (fell ), 5a (fallen ), 6g (fell ), 7b (fell ), 8h, 9f (fell ), lOj (falling ) Ex 3: l c , 2f (fallen on h e r feet), 3g, 4b (fell to me), 5h (fell ), 6a (fallen ), 7d, 8e Ex 4: laughing, h a n d s , love, times, lap, wayside, net, ears, s e a m s , 10 place, 11 grace, 12 t r a p 289 U n i t 93 Ex 1: l a , 2f, 3c, 4j, 5e, 6g, 7d, 8b, 91, lOh Ex : l e , 2a, 3d, 4f, 5b, 6c E x : l h , 2f, 3a, 4c, 5g, 6d, e (brought out the b e s t in her) 8b Ex 4: bring, m a k e , seen, paid, do, feeling, take, throwing Ex 2: double life, working life, everyday llfe ' shelf life, public life ^ h - 3c > b - f - e - d < a E x : la > 2d> 3f * b > e > c Ex 5: walks, public, kiss, double, loss * h m e , spice, on, f a c t s / m e a n i n g 10 Set E x 3: Unit Ex 2: a suit, b get off, c keep, d s t a n d , e keep, f cover, g prepare, h cut, i hit, j break, la (suit him down to the ground), 2f (cover, ground), 3g (prepare the ground), 4b (get off the ground), 5c (keep your ear to the ground), 6h (cut t h e g r o u n d from u n d e r my feet), 7d (stood my ground), 8i (hit the g r o u n d running), 9e (keep my feet on the ground), 10] (break new ground) Ex 3: l e , 2c, 3f, 4d, 5a, 6h, 7g, 8b Ex 4: into, down, to, under, on, off, in, down TT 't OH Ex Ex Ex Ex 11 17 1: If, 2d, 3a, 4b, 5e, 6c 2: l e , 2a, 3b, 4f, 5c, 6d 3: l b , 2a, 3f, 4c, 5g, 6e, 7h, 8d : l e , 2f, 3a, 4h, 5b, 6d, 7c, 8g, - , a , the, 12 a, 13 the, 14 the, 15 a, 16 a, the, 18 Unit 96 Ex 2: l c , 2g, 3j, 4b, 5f, 6i, 7a, 8d, 9h, lOe E x : a far, b thing, s c of, d all, e h a n d , ' ' ' , never, g let, h out, never know, for all I ' °„, ' ' , know, 111 let you know, know it inside j rr T • X , r, out, as far as I know, know of him, _ ,, , , , _ _~ , , k n o w s a thing or two about, The right , , , ,, , , , r, h a n d doesn t know w h a t the left is doing „ „ r „ ,, „ , , _? Ex 4: first, sight, inside, two, back, „ _ „ at n ii i n i t 46 meaning, never, far, all, 10 that, 1 h t 19 t U n i t 97 E x : W h e n I w a s young, m y p a r e n t s gave m e an excellent s t a r t in life a n d I always played a full p a r t in t h e life of my school Later, I enjoyed s t u d e n t life I have b e e n in interested in politics for all of my adult life, a n d I've always b e e n active in public life Family life is very i mp ort a n t to me a n d w h e n my son w a s fighting for his life after his accident, I gave up all political activity for a while Later, w h e n the s c a n d a l hit me, I fought - unsuccessfully for my political life, so I h a d to give up for good If only my private life h a d stayed private! 290 Unit Ex 1: l e , 2d, 3c, 4a, 5b Ex 2: a a light snack, b light relief, c light or heavy industry, d heavy going, e a light or heavy lunch, f a light day, or more commonly, a heavy day, g light or heavy casualties, h light or heavy traffic, i light or heavy work, j light or heavy rain, k heavy fighting, heavy losses, m a light or heavy shower, n light reading, o a heavy cold, p a heavy heart, q a light or heavy sleeper, r light e n t e r t a i n me n t , s a light aircraft, t a light or a heavy meal Ex 3: heavy meal, heavy industry, light, heavy cold, light sleeper, heavy casualties, light entertainment, light relief, heavy going, 10 heavy shower, n heavy losses, 12 heavy day, 13 light work, 14 l i g h t s n a c k > 15 h e a v y h e a r t 16 l i g h t lunch, 17 light aircraft, 18 light reading, Q h e a v y r a i n > 20 Heavy fighting Ex 4: la ' a / b , a / b , 4a, 5a, a / b U n i t 99 ^ - T n i ^ o i ^ A -i ) i Ex 1: sieve, logs, plague, clockwork, _ ,._, „ , , _ dirt, bricks, m a n i a c , 08 ton , _ ,, „ „ _ „ ~, , Ex : l h , 2e, 3a, 4f,c 5g, 6c, 7d, 8b _ , , , ,^ T You look like d e a t h w a r m e d u p , 10T He , , , , , , ,, T1, t r e a t s her like dirt, 11 It s like water oil a , , , , ,_ T , n ^, , d u c k s back, 12 IHe e a t s like a horse, 13 Shes , , , , , , - TT , t a k e n to it like a d u c k to water, 14 He d r i n k s e a fish 15 I ve got a memory like a sieve, 16 He s m o k e s like a chimney Ex 3: Id, 2a, 3f, 4e, 5b, 6h, 7c, 8g, I slept l l k e a lo g > s h e s p e n d s money like there's no tomorrow, 11 He s p e a k s it like a native, 12 Everything went like clockwork, 13 He drives like a m a n i a c , 14 came down on me like a ton of bricks, 15 I felt like a fish out of water, 16 Avoid it like the plague Ex 4: S h e s p e a k s English like a native, He drives like a m a n i a c , Everything went like clockwork, I've got a memory like a sieve, I felt like a fish out of water at the meeting, You look like d e a t h w a r m e d u p , It's like water off a d u c k ' s back, She eats like a horse, smoke, 10 come, 11 take, 12 avoid, 13 drink, 14 look, 15 treat, 16 sleep Ex 4: beside point finger tc score got case see get I strong Unit 0 Unit 106 Ex 2: l b , 2d, 3a, 4c, 5f, 6e Ex 3: l c , 2d, 3g, 4b, 5e, 6a, 7h, 8f Ex 4: hold, drop, is, draw, bring, think, read, sign •* -irt-i Ex 1: l c , 2e, 3a, 4f, 5b, 6d Ex 2: li, 2g, 3b, 4h, 5a, 6f, 7d, 8c, 9j, lOe Ex 3: li, 2c, 3f, 4a, 5d, 6h, 7g, 8e, 9b Ex 4: I'm lost for words, Don't lose any sleep over it, I lost track of time, I need to lose some weight, Don't lose heart, I'm m a k i n g up for lost time, I've lost my bearings, I've lost c o u n t of the n u m b e r of times I've b e e n t h e r e Ex 1: coins Grass luck Ex 2: a get b let c look, c hear e t i k e f side l c , 2d (heard ) 3b 4a [get or the Tvrong si < e ^ of her) 5e 6f (siding E x : l e , 2d, 3a 4c b Ex 4: l c , 2b, 3f, 4h 5d 6a 7e (which side h e r b r e a d is buttered 8g Ex 5: I c a n see both sides of the com Time is not on our side He's on the wrong side of 60, You got out of bed on the wrong side, Look on the bright side I know which side my bread is buttered This side of December, Let's put this to one side Unit Unit 107 Ex 1: l e , 2a, 3h, 4j, 5i, 6b, 7g, 8d, 9f, 10c Ex 2: l b , 2c, 3a, 4d Ex 3: l c , 2e, 3a, 4b, 5d Ex 4: Id, 2e, 3a, 4c, 5f, 6b Ex 5: P a r t s of Belfast were no-go areas, There's no smoke without fire, I'll be with you in no time, There's no going back, It's no joke bringing up children as a single parent, There's no place like home, It's a real no-no, No news is good news Ex 1: something, nothing, nothing something, nothing, nothing, something, nothing, nothing, 10 something, 11 anything, 12 anything 13 something, 14 nothing, 15 nothing Ex 2: Id, 2b, 3c, 4a Ex 3: l a , 2d, 3c, 4b, 5e, 6f Ex 4: write, came, cost, short, sort, choose, for, trouble, There's U n l t 1 s Unit 103 Ex 1: lg, 2f, 3a, 4b, 5h, 6c, 7e, 8d, a flood of enquiries, 10 a string of excuses, 1 a word of advice, 12 a spot of bother, 13 a whole h o s t of r e a s o n s , 14 in the nick of time, 15 piles of money, 16 a m o u n t a i n of work Ex 2: a time, b visitors, c garlic, d advice, e tears, f luck, If, 2b, 3e, 4d, 5c, 6a Ex 3: a criticism, b paint, c lies, d doubt, e soda, f warning, l c , 2b, 3e, 4f, 5a, 6d Ex 4: electricity, respect, ideas, fault, questions, disaster Unit Ex 1: l h , 2b, 3c, 4i, 5j, 6g, 7a, 8e, 9f, lOd Ex 3: l b , 2f, 3c, 4h, 5a, 6e, 7g, 8d Ex 4: give, believe, laugh, sink »T -^ * *»F- Unit 105 Ex 1: le, 2f, 3a, 4h, 5g, 6c, 7b, 8i, 9d, lOj Ex 2: l h , 2e, 3a, 4g, 5b, 6f, 7c, 8d Ex 3: high point, whole point, strong points, talking point, sore point, low point, vantage point, t u r n i n g point Ex 1: la 2h 3d Unit 108 4g_ e f h ( k n o w s ) 8c Ex 2: la , 2c, 3d, 4b Ex 3: l c , 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b (making ), 6g (do my own thing), 7h, 8f Ex 4: first, another, good, morning, own, considered, near, those, past, 10 done " unit i u a Ex 1: lg, 2d, 3f, 4b, 5a, 6h, 7e, 8c, 9g, lOd, H a , 12e, 13h, 14c, 15f, 16b Ex 2: l b , 2a, 3d, 4c Ex : l b , 2c, 3f, 4a, 5g, 6e, 7h, 8d E x l all ^ s h o r t > straight, desired, injury, worse, about, seen, for, 10 n u t s h e l l Ex 5: injury, add, straight, insult, mild, sniff U n i t 1 Ex 1: list, bet, rock, blew, voice, pit Ex 2: top, bottom, bottom, top, bottom, top, bottom, bottom 291 Ex 3: lg, 2f, 3h, 4a, 5c, 6b, 7d, 8e Ex 4: you can bet your bottom dollar, off the top of my head, get to the bottom of this, I've searched from top to bottom, over the top, top of the list, hit rock bottom, thin on top - _-_ Unit 111 u l XLL Ex 2: lc, 2d, 3a, 4e, 5f, 6b, 7h, 8g Ex 3: If, 2c, 31, 4a, 5j, 6b, 7h, 8e, 9g, lOd The more metaphorical expressions are: crystal clear, razor sharp, wide open Ex 4: wide, dirt, blind, bitter, broad, pitch, stone, razor, bone, 10 crystal, 11 wide, 12 fast, 13 rock, 14 dead, 15 stark, 16 paper, 17 brand, 18 rock , , _ , ,n Unit 1 Ex 2: If, 2g (set in his ways), 3a (worked my way ), 4e, 5b (has ), 6i (stand in your way), 7j, 8c (went out of my way), 9d, lOh (keep out of his way) Ex 3: lc, 2e, 3a, 4d, 5b, 6h, 7f, 8g Ex 4: worked my way to the top, won't stand in your way, way with words, set in her ways, have it both ways, went out of my way, come a long way in the last two years, either way Unit 1 Ex 1: lc, 2a, 3f, 4d, 5b, 6e Ex 2: lc, 2e, 3a, 4b, 5d Ex 3: a take, b get, c know, d have, e say, f breathe, g take, h eat If, 2e, 3c, 4d, 5g (took her at her word), 6h (eat my words), 7b, 8a (take your word for it) Ex 4: for, by, in, in, in, from, for, of, for, 10 in Unit 1 , „, ,, , Unit 86: done, being, told, along, 6 „ over, go Unit 87: quiet, tired, see, downs, bred, choose Unit 88: long, day, high, pros, now, trial Unit 89: hand, pat, scratch, scratch, burner, water, behind Unit 90: knife, out, story, corners, dead, fine Unit : road, no, bitter, loose, stick, story Unit 92: about, deaf, seams, lap, feet, place Unit 93: knowledge, sorry, world, 292 days, money, better Unit 94: gaining, thin, cover, down, into, grounding Unit 95: mind, chance, go, trouble, time, through Unit 96: about, thing, let, out, going, How & Unit 97: life, loss, walks, Variety, public, kiss Unit 98: snack, sleeper, day, traffic, rain, cold Unit 99: sieve, tomorrow, water, warmed, ton, back Unit 100: along, between, signed, draw, Hold, toe Unit 101: nothing, sleep, love, time, words, weight Unit 102: home, luck, end, present, point, wonder U n i t : flood, pack, excuses, coat, w o r d , dash U n i t 104: not, like, cry, later, swim, g take U n i t : i strong, blank, sore, to, Up^ g beside U n i t : bed, other, wrong, Time, bright, story U n i t : nothing, something, something, nothing, nothing, anything Unit 108: first, first, one, being, past> t h o s e Unit 10g : t m t h short put desired nutshell at U n i t 11Q \ h e a d i of w o r M ] t h i n jine g vojce Unit n l cheap open sharpj awak£] black hard U n i t 1 : s e t thinking, out, with, lon g> b o t h Unit 113: mouth, good, have, his, & ,, a K , breathe, say IDIOMS ORGANISER English idioms systematically organised with easy-to-use index Idioms Organiser is the most comprehensive idioms practice book for intermediate and more advanced students Suitable for use in class or for self-study, it makes learning easier by organising this difficult area of English in three ways: • Metaphors such as business is war, life is a journey • Topics including the family, holidays, dreams, health • Key Words including all, way, know, point, life, line Contents • 110 two-page units plus review units • Over 1800 idioms practised • Comprehensive index of idiomatic expressions • Full answer key Units contain • At least 16 common idioms per unit • Exercises to contextualise each idiom • A revision exercise Idioms Organiser is the ideal practice book for all students preparing for the FCE, CAE, Proficiency, and TOEFL exams It really will help all intermediate and advanced students make their English more natural In the same series: Phrasal Verb Organiser 906717 62 [...]...4: Can you translate idioms? The simplest answer to this question is NO This is an area where languages can be very different Sometimes you can translate an idiom from one language to another, but most often this is not possible... English idiom to let sleeping dogs lie The German and Italian equivalents also speak of sleeping dogs, but not the French or Spanish It is important that you are very careful if you have to translate idioms Never translate an idiom word for word You must translate the whole expression Sometimes you will be able to translate the English idiom into an idiom in your own language However, there may be... meaning One of the reasons idiomatic language is difficult to translate is because it is the area of language closest to culture The metaphors of one culture will be different from those of another 5: Are idioms spoken or written English? Both! Some people think that idiomatic language is more informal and, therefore, common only in spoken English This is not true Idiomatic language is as fundamental to... money 8 We made over a thousand pounds at our Christmas Fair Note: You can say He spent his life working for the poor 12 2: Spending time Fill in one of the following words in each space to complete the idioms: afford waste (verb) plenty make save ran out of spare waste (noun) value short of precious spend 1 I've had to go the doctor about my eyes I at least 6 hours a day in front of my computer 2 If... don't get home till 10 o'clock every night, so I the free time I have at weekends 4 If you're thinking of going to see the new Bond movie, don't bother It's a of time 5 Sorry I wasn't able to get that book for you I just time 6 Can you a minute or two? I just want to ask you something 7 I'm sorry I can't the time right now I've got a plane to catch 8 I work long hours so the time I spend with my family... marketing policy if we want to a bigger share of the market Look at Nike They're everywhere! 10 Small businesses are always the first in a recession 4: Revision Fill in the missing verbs to complete these idioms: 1 ground 2 targets 3 market share 4 your sights on 5 up without a fight 6 your market position 7 a lot of flak 8 forces with Do you know someone who is his/her own worst enemy? 15 1: Literal meanings... he's just gone 6 There's no prospect of promotion I'm in 7 Now he's been given a company car, he thinks he's really ! 8 I just don't have the enthusiasm I used to have I'm 4: Going nowhere fast Using idioms from this unit, complete the following dialogues A key word is given for each 1 How are you getting on with your assignment? > Terrible I'm 2 What's Mark going to do after his college course? >... we're going > Yes, I think 8 Have you heard the rumours about Maxwell's? Their best staff have gone > Yes, everyone's trying to get out 4: Revision There is one word missing from each of the following idioms: 1 It's hands on deck 2 We're all in the boat 3 This is territory 4 We'd better wait for the storm to 5 Don't the boat 6 You'll get to know the very quickly 7 It's good to have you board 8 No bank... write a short report of last night's meeting Do you think you could have a go? > OK I'll have a at it, but I'm not promising anything! 26 3: Caught in the crossfire Use the following words to complete the idioms in these sentences: head sights back command crossfire posts ranks shots 1 Ben and Ian were having a heated argument about something I decided to leave the room as I didn't want to get caught in... we're behind with the work 5 The whole project never really got started It fell at the first 6 After six months of continuous research, interviews and writing, I'm pleased to say the line is in sight The book will be published in the spring 7 We've had a few problems to overcome but I think we're now 8 Everyone worked so well together that the brochure was designed, printed, and in the shops in time 4: